TY - CONF A1 - Agasty, Amit T1 - Assessment of the Application of Scaling Concepts for Blast Effects Analysis N2 - Blast testing finds its implementation in several applications, e.g. for the purpose of investigation into accidental or intentional explosions, or for an assessment of the level of protection provided by a certain structural configuration. Analytical and/or semi-empirical methods are generally limited to preliminary assessments prior to blast testing. Applications of numerical simulations with hydrocodes coupled with finite element methods (FEM) can only reduce the amount of blast testing required, as these necessitate fulfillment of the fundamental prerequisites of model verification and that of model validation. Field tests are implemented for contact detonations as well as near-field blast scenarios and shock tube tests for far-field blast scenarios. However, these can be extremely resource intensive. Reliable small-scale experiments are a promising alternative. The concepts of dimensional analysis and similarity based on Buckingham’s Π-theorem (1914) have been applied in different fields. For applications to the phenomenon of shock wave propagation, Hopkinson-Cranz or cube-root scaling is a well-established concept. When it comes to scaling the structural response, research has predominantly focused on structures made of metallic materials. Scaled investigations with concrete or reinforced concrete (RC) structures remain limited. The lack of even the most basic guidelines (far from any ‘standardized scaling methods’ for blast tests) show that scaling as a method is not yet established in blast effects analysis. In this preliminary study, we present a systematic approach and evaluation of scaling of blast effects analysis for RC slabs in order to develop guidelines for resource efficient testing methods. We study the blast scenario at two different scales. The focus of these investigations has been on evaluation of scaling of dynamics using pressure sensors, acceleration sensors and fiber optic sensing cables for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). Further, the resulting plastic behavior upon blast is characterized by distributed strain sensing (DSS) along the same cables. T2 - 27th International Symposium on Military Aspects of Blast and Shock (MABS27) CY - Colmar, France DA - 06.10.2025 KW - Blast KW - RC-slabs KW - Similarity and scaling PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64616 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Agasty, Amit A1 - Costard, Rene A1 - Hering, Marcus A1 - Chruscicki, Sebastian A1 - Hicke, Konstantin A1 - Hüsken, Götz T1 - Assessment of the Application of Scaling Concepts for Blast Effects Analysis N2 - Blast testing finds its implementation in several applications, e.g. for the purpose of investigation into accidental or intentional explosions, or for an assessment of the level of protection provided by a certain structural configuration. Analytical and/or semi-empirical methods are generally limited to preliminary assessments prior to blast testing. Applications of numerical simulations with hydrocodes coupled with finite element methods (FEM) can only reduce the amount of blast testing required, as these necessitate fulfillment of the fundamental prerequisites of model verification and that of model validation. Field tests are implemented for contact detonations as well as near-field blast scenarios and shock tube tests for far-field blast scenarios. However, these can be extremely resource intensive. Reliable small-scale experiments are a promising alternative. The concepts of dimensional analysis and similarity based on Buckingham’s Π-theorem (1914) have been applied in different fields. For applications to the phenomenon of shock wave propagation, Hopkinson-Cranz or cube-root scaling is a well-established concept. When it comes to scaling the structural response, research has predominantly focused on structures made of metallic materials. Scaled investigations with concrete or reinforced concrete (RC) structures remain limited. The lack of even the most basic guidelines (far from any ‘standardized scaling methods’ for blast tests) show that scaling as a method is not yet established in blast effects analysis. In this preliminary study, we present a systematic approach and evaluation of scaling of blast effects analysis for RC slabs in order to develop guidelines for resource efficient testing methods. We study the blast scenario at two different scales. The focus of these investigations has been on evaluation of scaling of dynamics using pressure sensors, acceleration sensors and fiber optic sensing cables for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). Further, the resulting plastic behavior upon blast is characterized by distributed strain sensing (DSS) along the same cables. T2 - 27th International Symposium on Military Aspects of Blast and Shock (MABS27) CY - Colmar, France DA - 06.10.2025 KW - Similarity and scaling KW - Blast KW - RC-slabs PY - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-64617 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Casperson, Ralf T1 - AIFRI - Artificial Intelligence for Rail Inspection N2 - Verlegte Eisenbahnschienen werden mit Schienenprüfzügen, die mit zerstörungsfreier Ultraschall- und Wirbelstromprüftechnik ausgerüstet sind, auf Schienenfehler geprüft. Im Rahmen des mFund-geförderten Projektes AIFRI wurden von der TU Berlin KI-Algorithmen entwickelt, die die Prüfer bei der Auswertung der Daten unterstützen. Felddaten von realen Prüffahrten sind für das Training der KI ungeeignet, da es einerseits kaum Defekte in den Schienen gibt, die sich mit Ultraschall detektieren lassen, andererseits bei der Wirbelstromprüfung zahlreiche Oberflächeneffekte unbekannter Ursache angezeigt werden. Die Aufgabe der BAM bestand darin, durch Simulation gelabelte Trainingsdaten für die KI zu generieren. Während die mit simulierten Daten trainierte KI bei der Ultraschallprüfung eine gute Performance aufweist, sofern der Sim2Real-Gap durch Addition realitätsnaher Rauschsignaturen zu den simulierten Trainingsdaten minimiert wird, erwies sich die verwendete KI bei der Wirbelstromprüfung aufgrund zu vieler Falsch-Positives als ungeeignet. Die Ursache liegt vermutlich darin, dass aufgrund der großen Vielfalt von teils unbekannten Oberflächeneffekten nur eine kleine Auswahl simuliert werden konnte und die KI bei untrainierten Signalsignaturen halluziniert. T2 - AI/ML Symposium CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 06.11.2025 KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Ultrasonic testing KW - Eddy current testing KW - Simulation KW - Sim2real gap KW - Railway rail inspection PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64630 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baasch, Benjamin A1 - Groos, Jörn A1 - Heusel, Judith A1 - Noll, Martin T1 - Data-driven sparse coding for onboard condition monitoring of railway tracks N2 - Continuous monitoring of the rail condition plays an important role in railway maintenance and the planning of noise- and vibration-reducing measures. Rail monitoring can be carried out efficiently using vibro-acoustic measurements with onboard sensors. However, this approach generates large amounts of acoustic and vibration data, which makes real-time transmission, processing and storage a challenge. This paper presents a sparse coding framework applied in the time–frequency domain that aims to overcome these challenges by significantly reducing the amount of data while preserving important information for rail defect detection and diagnosis. The Short-Time Fourier Transform is used as a preprocessing step to transform raw signals into a time–frequency representation, capturing the non-stationary characteristics of the signals. The spectrum at each time window is then represented by a sparse linear combination of basis spectra, which form a dictionary. Online sparse dictionary learning is used to create a data-driven, adaptive representation tailored to the frequency characteristics of vibro-acoustic signals related to rail defects. Experimental data acquired with a microphone and an accelerometer mounted on the wheelset of a tram are used to evaluate the framework. The experimental results show that the framework is able to achieve high compression rates and reduce noise. A reduction in data size of 98% was obtained without loss of relevant information. The proposed approach offers significant advantages for modern railway condition monitoring systems. It is scalable for large amounts of data, energy efficient and suitable for real-time implementation. By reducing data bottlenecks, it enables efficient track monitoring with on-board sensors. This work thus contributes to the development of intelligent and cost-effective solutions for infrastructure management. KW - Railway KW - Noise and vibration KW - Condition monitoring KW - Sparse coding KW - Sparse dictionary learning KW - Compressed sensing PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-645038 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.113542 SN - 0888-3270 VL - 241 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-64503 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Denkler, Tilman T1 - Der digitale Produktpass für Bauprodukte N2 - Mit der im Januar 2025 in Kraft getretenen Bauproduktenverordnung (BauPVO) wurde auch ein digitaler Produktpass (DPP) für Bauprodukte neu etabliert. Dieser wird in den kommenden Jahren für alle Bauprodukte in Europa, die unter die neu geschaffene "harmonisierte Zone" fallen, verpflichtend werden. In dem Vortrag wird ein allgemeiner Überblick über Zweck und Funktionsweise des DPP nach BauPVO gegeben. Danach werden einzelne Aspekte wie Zeithorizont und Inhalt erläutert. T2 - 17. Symposium zur EU-Bauproduktenverordnung CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 30.10.2025 KW - Digitaler Produktpass KW - Bauproduktenverordnung KW - Ökodesignverordnung PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64542 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krenek, S. A1 - Eisermann, R. A1 - Failleau, G. A1 - Lu, Xin A1 - Thomas, P. A1 - Kjeldsen, H. A1 - Anhalt, K. T1 - Fibre-optic thermometry to support the clean energy transition N2 - The measurement and control of temperature plays a key role in achieving the European Green Deal targets for a low carbon energy system. Fibre-optic thermometry is an emerging technology that can improve temperature measurement in extreme environments for energy providers and industry due to its distributed sensing and immunity to electromagnetic fields. Various applications for optimisation and monitoring in the energy sector are described, covering the whole range from energy generation to transmission and consumption. However, fibre-optic thermometers have cross sensitivities to other quantities (e.g., strain and humidity) and ageing effects that need to be investigated, quantified and minimised to obtain traceable and reliable measurements. This is particularly important so that applications in critical infrastructure can benefit from future measurements that are not possible with conventional sensors. The European INFOTherm project aims to overcome the limitations that currently prevent the widespread use of fibre-optic thermometry by creating a dedicated European metrology infrastructure for research, development and calibration. First results on measurement uncertainty, improvement of measurement techniques and practical field tests are presented. KW - Industrial processes optimisation KW - Fibre-optic thermometry KW - Distributed temperature sensing KW - Traceability KW - Thermal energy storage KW - Electrical grid resilience PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-640075 DO - https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2025-0044 SN - 2196-7113 VL - 92 IS - 9-10 SP - 392 EP - 405 PB - De Gruyter Brill AN - OPUS4-64007 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dominguez-Bureos, Marco A1 - Sens-Schönfelder, Christoph A1 - Niederleithinger, Ernst A1 - Hadziioannou, Céline T1 - Stress- and Time-dependent Variations of Elastic Properties for Integrity Assessment in a Reinforced Concrete Test Bridge N2 - In lab experiments, it has been observed that the stress–and time-dependent elastic properties of a complex material at a structural scale perform accordingly to its composition at a microstructural level. We seek complementary practices to the current wavefield-based non-destructive testing techniques to assess not only the integrity level of civil structures but also the microstructural elements that contribute to it. In this paper, we study the systematic evolution of elastic properties of concrete as an alternative to investigate the density of micro imperfections in an outdoor-conditioned concrete structure. We estimate 5-second relative velocity changes in four locations on a Test bridge subjected to the action of vertical impulsive sources, at different prestressing levels (dynamic effects at different static conditions). We describe the structure’s stress- and time-dependent elastic response by means of acoustoelastic effect and Slow-dynamic processes, respectively. We also estimate the conventional ultrasound pulse velocity and perform a cooperative integrity analysis of the structure using the three elastic phenomena. Our findings reveal: 1) The presence of soft microstructures and their orientation’s influence on the acoustoelastic effect and Slow-dynamics in field-conditioned concrete structures. 2) The relation of low ultrasound pulse velocities with high acoustoelastic effect and high magnitudes and variability of Slow-dynamics. 3) Different elastic behaviours on the north and south spans of the bridge, suggesting different heterogeneity levels on the analysed locations of the concrete beam. KW - Concrete KW - Ultrasound KW - Nonlinear KW - Elastic properties KW - Damage PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-640064 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-025-01257-y SN - 0195-9298 VL - 44 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC AN - OPUS4-64006 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Jeyifous, Olubunmi Anthony A1 - Schönsee, Eric A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Hüsken, Götz T1 - Investigating the impact of material rheology on geometric accuracy in 3D concrete printing using real-time monitoring N2 - Additive manufacturing of concrete structures is an innovative and rapidly advancing technology. One of its key advantages is the ability to achieve freeform designs in civil engineering, enabling entirely new architectural possibilities. However, despite the demonstrated benefits of this technology, maintaining consistent print quality during the printing process remains a significant challenge and is seldom implemented. The continuous mixing process inherent in 3D concrete printing introduces potential variations in the dry mix composition or water content, making a single test sample insufficient to represent the entire structure. Moreover, defects in a single layer can compromise the integrity of the whole structure. This underscores the need for continuous, real-time monitoring to document and ensure the quality of the printing process. At the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und prüfung (BAM), a 3D concrete printer was developed to enable real-time non-destructive monitoring of material properties during the printing process. This study examines the impact of rheological variations, influenced by water content variations, on the geometric characteristics of printed elements. Geometric measurements are captured in real time using a high-precision laser scanner. Concrete elements are printed under controlled conditions with systematically varied process parameters. Preliminary results reveal a strong correlation between rheological behaviour and the geometric properties of the printed components. T2 - NDT-CE 2025 - The International Symposium on Nondestructive Testing in Civil Engineering CY - Izmir, Turkiye DA - 24.09.2025 KW - 3D concrete printing KW - Real-time monitoring KW - Quality control PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-645394 DO - https://doi.org/10.58286/31704 SN - 1435-4934 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - NDT.net AN - OPUS4-64539 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rübner, Katrin T1 - A silica-based protective system modified with rock powder for the preservation of tuff stone N2 - Tuffs are lightweight and porous pyroclastic rocks composed of a volcanic ash matrix containing pumice and rock fragments, quartz, sanidine and other individual crystals, zeolites, and clay minerals. Due to their low density and high porosity, tuff stones are easy to work with and transport. They have been used as construction material in many historical buildings in Germany. However, most tuff stones exhibit poor resistance to weathering due to their morphology and porosity. If the physico-chemical degradation of the stones is already well advanced, ensuring the safety of the buildings often requires extensive stone replacement. However, this contradicts the fundamental principle of conservation, which prioritises the preservation of the original material. In a recently completed research project, a silica-based protective system modified with rock powder was developed for the preservation of tuff stone. Suitable colloidal silica dispersions and modified rock powders customised produced from tuff waste were used. The protective system was optimised to reduce the capillary water absorption of tuff while maintaining its water vapour diffusion properties, to build a durable protective system-tuff bond, and to achieve a visual and tactile resemblance to tuff. The protective system was developed at laboratory scale. It was subsequently applied to a test area at a restoration site in Berlin-Zehlendorf, Germany, to assess its performance under outdoor conditions. By applying the new protective system, the historic building structure is better preserved, tuff stone resources are saved, and tuff waste is effectively recycled. T2 - STONE 2025 - 15th International Congess on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone CY - Paris, France DA - 08.09.2025 KW - Protective system KW - Rock powder KW - Silica sol KW - Stone preservation KW - Tuff stone KW - Tuff waste recycling PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64751 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rannefeld, Anne T1 - Recycling Filtermaterial-Filtersubstrate zur Behandlung von Niederschlagsabflüssen N2 - Traditionell wurde Regenwasser aus Siedlungsgebieten schnell über Kanalnetze abgeleitet. Dies führte zu einer geringeren Verdunstung und Bodenspeicherung sowie zu einem verstärkten Abfluss von versiegelten Flächen. Dadurch werden der Wasserkreislauf, das Kleinklima und die Grundwasserneubildung beeinträchtigt, während Klär- und Regenwasseranlagen belastet werden. Starkregenereignisse können die Anlagen überlasten und lokale Überschwemmungen verursachen. Gleichzeitig gelangen Schwermetalle wie Kupfer, Zink und Blei in das Wassersystem und verursachen Umweltprobleme. Um den Wasserkreislauf ökologisch wiederherzustellen, Überschwemmungen zu verhindern und Schadstoffeinträge zu reduzieren, rücken Versickerung und Rückhaltung von Regenwasser im Sinne des Schwammstadtkonzeptes in den Fokus. Gründächer, Versickerungsmulden oder Retentionsbodenfilter verzögern den Abfluss und entlasten so die Kanalisation. Dabei spielen Filter- und Speichermaterialien eine zentrale Rolle, um das Regenwasser zusätzlich zu reinigen und nutzbar zu machen. Durch die Nutzung recycelter Bau- und Abbruchstoffe als Filtermaterialien können Primärrohstoffe eingespart und natürliche Ressourcen geschont werden. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts „RC-Filtersubstrate“ werden Granulate aus recyceltem Kalksandsteinbruch und Porenbetonbruch sowie einer daraus speziell hydrothermal hergestellten Körnung als Retentionsfilter für verunreinigtes Niederschlagswasser untersucht. Aufgrund ihres mesoporösen Gefüges und ihrer Calciumsilicathydrat-Phasen (C-S-H) zeigen diese Materialien großes Potenzial zur Abtrennung von Kupfer, Zink und Blei. Dieser Ansatz des rohstofflich-chemischen Recyclings von Bau- und Abbruchabfällen überführt die Reststoffe in neue maßgeschneiderte Produkte. Durch die gezielte Steuerung der Porosität und der Mikrostruktur der Hydrothermalgranulate lässt sich die Reinigungsleistung optimieren. Zusätzlich können die RC-Filtersubstrate mit Bakterien besiedelt werden, um die Filterleistung weiter zu steigern. Es soll nachgewiesen werden, dass RC-Filtermaterialien als effektive Niederschlagswasserfilter geeignet sind. Zudem soll die Filterleistung in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften der Filtersubstrate untersucht werden. Im Vortrag werden die Erfahrungen zur Herstellung der Hydrothermalgranulate aus Kalksandsteinbruch- und Porenbetonbruchmehlen vorgestellt. T2 - Tagung Aufbereitung und Recycling CY - Freiberg, Germany DA - 06.11.2025 KW - Hydrothermalgranulat KW - Filtermaterial KW - Recycling KW - Kalksandstein KW - Porenbeton PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64789 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lehmann Schlag, Jens T1 - Sicherheit durch Korrosionsschutzgerechte Werkstoffauswahl in Straßentunneln N2 - Der Beitrag zeigt Ergebnisse eines Forschungsvorhabens. Innerhalb dieses Vorhabens wurden Korrosionsproben über 8 Jahre in 3 Straßentunnelbauwerken beprobt. T2 - gfkorr Jahrestagung 2025 CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 04.11.2025 KW - Korrosion KW - Tunnel KW - Atmosphärische Korrosion KW - Edelstahl rostfrei PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-648008 AN - OPUS4-64800 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Liao, Chun-Man T1 - Assessment of prestress loss in a large-scale concrete bridge model under outdoor condition N2 - The presentation shows that subtle variations in coda wave velocity can capture minor temperature effects, offering a good understanding of how a outdoor prestressed concrete structure responds to environmental conditions over time. Ultimately, this work contributes to development of more comprehensive and resilient structural health monitoring strategies for prestressed concrete infrastructure. T2 - EVACES 2025 CY - Porto, Portugal DA - 02.07.2025 KW - Coda wave interferometry KW - Damage detection KW - Prestress loss KW - Seismic interferometry KW - Structural health monitoring PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64211 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koniorczyk, M. A1 - Bednarska, Dalia A1 - Wieczorek, A. A1 - Materak, K. T1 - Probabilistic approach to concrete durability based on combined stochastic differential equations and Monte Carlo method N2 - Cementitious materials are often exposed to aggressive environments, which have a significant impact on their durability. Proper prediction of concrete corrosion helps to apply the right measures and technologies, to extend the service life of structures. Carbonation and cyclic freezing are recognized among the most common corrosive factors for concrete. Their progress is linked to the penetration of CO2 and water into the concrete structure. Due to the random arrangement of aggregates and cement paste, concrete is an inhomogeneous material. Therefore, the progress of carbonation and frost-induced damage should be treated as random variables with appropriate probabilistic parameters. Experimental studies on concrete carbonation and freezing were conducted in accordance with the standards EN 12390–12 and EN 12390–9. As observed in the experiments, the progress of carbonation and frost damage of concrete could be described by zigzag, not necessarily monotonic functions. Stochastic differential equations (SDE) were employed to predict the behavior of concrete exposed to elevated CO2 concentrations and cyclic freezing. The stochastic model consisted of a drift term, which described the general trend of concrete durability exposed to carbonation and frost cycles, as well as a diffusion term, which accounted for the stochastic features of inhomogeneous concrete microstructure. The Euler–Maruyama approximation with Milstein improvement was applied to model the realization of the stochastic changes in concrete microstructure/durability. The proposed approach predicted experimental results with high accuracy. The application of the Monte Carlo (MC) method with 100,000 SDE realizations allowed to calculate the statistical parameters of the processes, such as concrete carbonation and freezing cycles. The probabilistic parameters, such as expected values and standard deviations, calculated using the SDE_MC approach, were in good agreement with experimental results for both problems, i.e. decelerating concrete carbonation and accelerating concrete scaling. KW - Concrete durability KW - Concrete carbonation KW - Concrete scaling KW - Time-dependent random variable KW - Stochastic differential equations PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-643417 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-025-01335-y SN - 2083-3318 VL - 25 IS - 5-6 SP - 1 EP - 31 PB - Springer Nature Switzerland AG CY - Schweiz AN - OPUS4-64341 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Baeßler, Matthias A1 - Ebell, Gino A1 - Herrmann, Ralf A1 - Hille, Falk A1 - Schneider, Ronald ED - Lienhart, Werner ED - Krüger, Markus T1 - On potentials and challenges of physics-informed SHM for civil engineering structures N2 - Physics-informed structural health monitoring, which integrates realistic physical models of material behavior, structural response, damage mechanisms, and aging processes, offers a promising approach to improve monitoring capabilities and inform operation and maintenance planning. However, the associated technical challenges and model requirements are context-specific and vary widely across applications. To illustrate the relevance and potential of the topic, two application examples are presented. The first focuses on monitoring the modal characteristics of a prestressed road bridge, where strong sensitivity to temperature variations limits the diagnostic capabilities of conventional vibration-based global monitoring. The discussion highlights how environmental influences can obscure structural changes, and emphasizes that purely data-based approaches are inherently limited to detecting anomalies and do not enable comprehensive condition diagnostics. The second example explores a physics-informed monitoring approach for prestressed concrete bridges affected by hydrogen-induced stress corrosion cracking. T2 - SHMII-13 CY - Graz, Austria DA - 01.09.2025 KW - Hydrogen Stress Corrosion Cracking KW - SHM KW - Physics informed PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-643271 SN - 978-3-99161-057-1 DO - https://doi.org/10.3217/978-3-99161-057-1-039 SP - 245 EP - 251 PB - Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz CY - Graz, Austria AN - OPUS4-64327 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kunji Purayil, Sruthi Krishna T1 - Automated Active Infrared Thermography for Advanced Non-Destructuve Testing N2 - Active thermographic testing is a versatile and powerful method of the non-destructive testing (NDT) family. With the advent of modern laser technology, new and significant fields of application have emerged. When combined with industrial robotics, laser thermography enables fully automated, large-area inspection of components with complex geometries for surface and near-surface cracks. This lecture will provide an overview of the fundamental principles of laser thermography, highlight recent developments and automation efforts within our department for thermographic surface-crack detection, and present an outlook on emerging research trends and modern thermography techniques shaping the future of NDT. T2 - California Applied Seminar Series CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 10.10.2025 KW - Infrared thermography KW - Deep Learning KW - Robot-assisted inspection KW - Laser thermography KW - Multispectral Imaging PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64338 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Unger, Jörg F. T1 - Development of a platform for benchmarking of simulation models for verification and validation N2 - This presentation introduces a modular and open platform developed by BAM for the verification and validation (V&V) of simulation models, particularly material models used across various solvers. The platform aims to enhance transparency, reproducibility, and comparability in computational engineering by integrating standardized workflows, benchmark datasets, and semantic technologies. Key components include: Simulation workflows powered by tools like Snakemake and JupyterHub, Research Object Crates (ROCrates) for structured data and provenance tracking, Ontologies and knowledge graphs to semantically describe models, data, and results, Federated registries for storing and querying benchmark results and ROCrates. The platform supports both verification (e.g., analytical comparisons, convergence studies) and validation (e.g., experimental data matching), and facilitates tool-independent performance metrics using standardized output formats. It promotes collaborative development through containerized environments, automated testing, and reproducible research practices. This initiative contributes to the broader goal of ensuring safety in technology and chemistry, aligning with BAM’s mission and supporting the scientific community in developing reliable simulation models. T2 - FABER Project CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 18.09.2025 KW - Verification and validation KW - Simulation Workflows KW - Digital Twin KW - Model Calibration PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64352 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Saif-Ur-Rehman, Saif-Ur-Rehman T1 - Assessing Structural Failure in Extrusion-based 3D Concrete Printing Using Plasticity Models N2 - 3D concrete printing (3DCP) brings automation in construction, reduces material usage, increases design flexibility, and eliminates the need for formwork. However, it is a complex process involving various parameters that are often defined by trial and error. This can lead to unforeseen failures during the print, such as buckling or yielding. Computational modeling can be used in the design stage to predict and prevent failure, during printing for real-time process control, and afterwards to assess how variations during printing affect the final structure. The structural failure during the print is primarily governed by how concrete behaves at the material level, making the choice of constitutive model crucial. Plasticity models are commonly used to assess buildability, with the Mohr-Coulomb criterion being a widely used approach [1]. However, its suitability for modeling fresh concrete for 3DCP, under such loading conditions and varying material properties is still an open research question. Furthermore, experimental studies have shown that fresh concrete exhibits non-linear behavior before failure [2], which is usually not considered in structural simulations of 3DCP. This work investigates the influence of plasticity models on different structural failure modes observed in 3DCP, specifically elastic buckling and plastic collapse. The non-linear behavior of fresh concrete is accounted for by incorporating non-linear isotropic hardening into the plasticity models. A Von-Mises plasticity model and a Mohr-Coulomb model with a hyperbolic smooth approximation are implemented, both incorporating non-linear hardening. An objective stress rate formulation is adopted to consider geometric non-linearity for accurate buckling predictions. As freshly deposited layers structurate over time, an age-dependent model is implemented to capture the stiffness and strength evolution of printed layers. To simulate the layer-by-layer process, a pseudo-density-based activation method is used, allowing sequential activation of layers as printing progresses. Model parameters are identified for different ages using Bayesian inference via inverse finite element modeling by numerically replicating stress-strain data from uniaxial compression tests on samples at different ages. Printing simulations are conducted for thin-walled and cylindrical structures, demonstrating the influence of choice of plasticity model on buckling behavior and material failure. T2 - The Fifth International Conference on Simulation for Additive Manufacturing (SIM-AM 2025) CY - Pavia, Italy DA - 9.09.2025 KW - 3D Concrete Printing KW - Material Modeling KW - Plasticity KW - Simulation PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64361 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Saif-Ur-Rehman, Saif-Ur-Rehman T1 - Assessing Structural Failure in Extrusion-based 3D Concrete Printing Using Plasticity Models N2 - 3D concrete printing (3DCP) brings automation in construction, reduces material usage, increases design flexibility, and eliminates the need for formwork. However, it is a complex process involving various parameters that are often defined by trial and error. This can lead to unforeseen failures during the print, such as buckling or yielding. Computational modeling can be used in the design stage to predict and prevent failure, during printing for real-time process control, and afterwards to assess how variations during printing affect the final structure. The structural failure during the print is primarily governed by how concrete behaves at the material level, making the choice of constitutive model crucial. Plasticity models are commonly used to assess buildability, with the Mohr-Coulomb criterion being a widely used approach. However, its suitability for modeling fresh concrete for 3DCP, under such loading conditions and varying material properties is still an open research question. Furthermore, experimental studies have shown that fresh concrete exhibits non-linear behavior before failure, which is usually not considered in structural simulations of 3DCP. This work investigates the influence of plasticity models on different structural failure modes observed in 3DCP, specifically elastic buckling and plastic collapse. The non-linear behavior of fresh concrete is accounted for by incorporating non-linear isotropic hardening into the plasticity models. A Von-Mises plasticity model and a Mohr-Coulomb model with a hyperbolic smooth approximation are implemented, both incorporating non-linear hardening. An objective stress rate formulation is adopted to consider geometric non-linearity for accurate buckling predictions. As freshly deposited layers structurate over time, an age-dependent model is implemented to capture the stiffness and strength evolution of printed layers. To simulate the layer-by-layer process, a pseudo-density-based activation method is used, allowing sequential activation of layers as printing progresses. Model parameters are identified for different ages using Bayesian inference via inverse finite element modeling by numerically replicating stress-strain data from uniaxial compression tests on samples at different ages. Printing simulations are conducted for thin-walled and cylindrical structures, demonstrating the influence of choice of plasticity model on buckling behavior and material failure T2 - 11th GACM Colloquium on Computational Mechanics 2025 CY - Braunschweig, Germany DA - 21.09.2025 KW - 3D concrete printing KW - Von-Mises plasticity KW - Mohr-Coulomb plasticity KW - Constitutive modeling KW - Non-linear hardening KW - Objective stress rate KW - Finite element modeling KW - Bayesian inference PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64360 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Andrés Arcones, Daniel T1 - Embedding model form uncertainties for Bayesian inference of discrepant simulations N2 - Simulation models are widely used to generate valuable insights into complex physical systems. To accurately reflect system behavior, these models require updates to their governing parameters based on system measurements. Bayesian inference methodologies are particularly attractive for this purpose, as they quantify parameter uncertainty. However, simulation models inherently exhibit discrepancies with observed measurements, as they cannot perfectly replicate the infinitely complex reality. Ignoring these discrepancies leads to overconfident estimations of the inferred posterior distributions, potentially centering around incorrect parameters. This issue affects the calculation of predictions and Quantities of Interest (QoIs), resulting in overly concentrated posterior distributions. The most common framework for incorporating model form uncertainty was developed by Kennedy and O’Hagan, which introduces a flexible discrepancy term that is inferred alongside model parameters. However, this approach does not preserve the physicality of the predictions nor facilitate the propagation of model form uncertainty to other QoIs. To address these limitations, Sargsyan proposed embedding the discrepancy term in the parameter formulation as a stochastic extension. This work demonstrates our own explainable framework for embedding model form uncertainties in the Bayesian system of complex engineering systems. Our framework emphasizes the interpretability of discrepancy terms, quantifies uncertainties for models with significant discrepancies relative to measurements and high noise levels, and fully propagates these uncertainties to QoIs for reliable statistical analysis. We apply this framework to a thermal compensation model for the structural health monitoring system of a bridge, illustrating its potential for enhancing decision-making in engineering applications. T2 - UNCECOMP 2025 CY - Rhodes, Greece DA - 15.06.2025 KW - Unsicherheiten Quantifizierung KW - Brückenüberwachung KW - Digitaler Zwilling PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64353 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lehmann, Frank A. A1 - Hille, Falk A1 - Glisic, Branco ED - Lienhart, Werner ED - Krüger, Markus T1 - Global Perspectives on Structural Monitoring in Civil Engineering N2 - Structural Monitoring (SM) is crucial in civil engineering for ensuring the safety, functionality, and longevity of civil infrastructure, especially bridges. As its importance grows, SM practices are guided mainly by national standards, leading to fragmented approaches and limited global integration. This paper examines SM guidelines, focusing on contributions from Germany, while exploring the broader international framework. In Germany, key guidelines such as the DGZfP Merkblatt B09 and others offer structured methods and practice examples for long-term monitoring and performance assessment. Internationally, countries have developed their own SM frameworks. Amongst others, Austria’s RVS Richtlinie 13.03.01, France’s COFREND Livre Blanc, Canada’s ISIS Guidelines, the ACI Report 444.2-21 from the USA, the TRB Circular E-C246 and the CIRIA Guideline from the UK contribute to a global understanding of SM. These guidelines address common technical, theoretical, and economic challenges across regions. This paper highlights the need for international collaboration, identifying synergies and gaps to promote a unified approach to SM. It offers insights into global standards and how successful strategies can foster innovation and cohesion in SM practices worldwide. T2 - 13th International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure CY - Graz, Austria DA - 01.09.2025 KW - Structural Health Monitoring KW - bridge structures KW - guidelines PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-643859 DO - https://doi.org/10.3217/978-3-99161-057-1-063 SP - 411 EP - 419 PB - Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz AN - OPUS4-64385 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -