TY - CONF A1 - Kröll, Mirco T1 - Tribological performance of polymer compounds in gaseous hydrogen N2 - In this study, friction and wear of conventional and alternative high performance polymer compounds, typically used for components of compressors, were investigated in gaseous hydrogen and nitrogen up to 80 bar of gas pressure. The compounds used were a commercial PEEK matrix with 10 wt.% each of PTFE, graphite, and short carbon fibres, a PPS matrix with 10 wt.% each of PTFE and graphite, and an experimental PA12 matrix with PTFE chemically coupled with an oleyl alcohol. Due to the cylindrical shape of the polymer samples, the contact area and pressure change if wear occurs. Therefore, experimental results of pre-screening tests have been used as input for FEM and an analytical model to determine the decreasing contact pressure over time. Afterwards, the outcome of the models was used to determine the duration of the experiments to reach typical contact pressures of seals in hydrogen compressors. T2 - ASMET TriboCorrosion International Conference 2025 CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 23.10.2025 KW - Hydrogen KW - Polymer KW - Tribometer KW - Comparability KW - Harmonisation KW - Oil-coupled compounds KW - Coefficient of Friction KW - Wear KW - FAIR data KW - Standardisation KW - Tribology KW - Database KW - i-TRIBOMAT PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64473 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - Nationale Allianz für Wasserstoff-Sicherheit N2 - Im Rahmen des jährlich stattfindenden BAM-UBA-Behörden-Erfahrungsaustauschs wurde vorrangig Mitarbeitenden aus örtlich zuständigen Vollzugs- und Genehmigungsbehörden die in Planung befindliche Nationale Allianz für Wasserstoff-Sicherheit vorgestellt. Die Allianz besteht aus insgesamt acht Institutionen mit einer breit aufgestellten Expertise zur Sicherheit von Wasserstoff und verfolgt das Ziel, die Entwicklung fehlender Methoden und Kriterien zur technischen Sicherheit von Wasserstoff voranzutreiben, Wissenslücken zu identifizieren und diese durch gemeinsame Forschung zu schließen sowie unabhängige und wissenschaftlich fundierte Bewertungen technischer Risiken bei Wasserstoffanwendungen vorzunehmen. T2 - BAM-UBA-Behördenerfahrungsaustausch CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 02.06.2025 KW - Wasserstoff KW - Sicherheit KW - nationale Allianz PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63429 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Anita T1 - Transport von Lithium-Batterien N2 - Im Bereich des Transports von Lithium-Batterien erfüllt die BAM gesetzliche Aufgaben. Diese betreffen insbesondere den Transport von Lithium-Batterien und die entsprechenden zulässigen (und von de BAM zugelassenen) Gefahrgutverpackungen. T2 - Erfa Verpackungen 2018 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 27.09.2018 KW - Gefahrguttransport KW - Gefahrgutverpackungen KW - Lithium-Batterien PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-47121 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Theiler, Geraldine T1 - Polymer materials in hydrogen N2 - This presentation provides an overview of the applications and challenges related to polymer materials in hydrogen. The effects of hydrogen on polymers are described and test methods to evaluate the interactions between polymers and hydrogen are presented along with case studies. T2 - Masterstudiengang Wasserstofftechnologien DIU CY - Online meeting DA - 25.08.2023 KW - Hydrogen KW - Polymers PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-61964 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - Kompetenzzentrum H2Safety@BAM - Wir schaffen Vertrauen in Wasserstofftechnologien N2 - Im Rahmen des 4. Netzwerktreffens der Wasserstoffakteure im Landkreis TF und Region kamen auf Einladung der Bürgermeister der Gemeinden Baruth/Mark, Am Mellensee, Ludwigsfelde Akteure und Vertreter aus der Region zusammen, um den Aufbau einer Wasserstoffinfrastruktur zur wirtschaftlichen Förderung der Region zu diskutieren bzw. auch laufende Projekte vorzustellen. Die BAM hat ihre Wasserstoffaktivitäten auf dem BAM Testgelände Technische Sicherheit vorgestellt. T2 - 4. Netzwerktreffen der Wasserstoff-Akteure im Landkreis TF und Region CY - Glashütte, Germany DA - 26.05.2025 KW - Brandenburg KW - Netzwerk KW - Wasserstoffinfrastruktur PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63430 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Cano Murillo, Natalia T1 - Effect of high-pressure hydrogen environment on the physical and mechanical properties of different kinds of carbon black filled elastomers. N2 - As the transition towards the usage of renewable energy is getting urgent, the fluctuations of clean energy production require efficient storage alternatives. Hydrogen offers not only the possibility of energy storage but also, acts as an energy carrier. It is then important to study the effect of highly pressurized hydrogen atmosphere on the materials destinated for its storage and transport, in order to assure the reliable performance of the sealing materials containing hydrogen. In this study, a set of carbon black (CB) filled rubbers comprising hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) was tested under high pressure hydrogen atmosphere (1000 bar) and at different temperature conditions: 120°C for HNBR, room temperature and 85°C for NBR and EPDM. The influence of hydrogen on the materials properties was measured after 7 days of exposure under hydrogen and evaluated again after 48h. Density and volume change, as well as hardness, tensile tests, compression set, dynamic mechanical measurements and infrared spectroscopy evaluations were conducted to estimate the impact of high-pressure hydrogen on the rubber grades. Our study reveals, an effect on the physical and mechanical properties, possibly related to small changes in the matrix-filler interaction after the hydrogen exposure. All materials, however, show a trend to recover most of their properties 48h after hydrogen exposure. T2 - RubberCon 2023 CY - Edinburgh, Scotland DA - 09.05.2023 KW - Elastomers KW - Hydrogen exposure KW - Mechanical properties PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-62007 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - Eine Frage der Technik? Verfahren und Kriterien für den sicheren Betrieb von Wasserstoffanlagen N2 - Das Webinar wird im Rahmen von TransHyDE Systemanalyse (AP5.3 Akzeptanzbewertungen) durchgeführt und adressiert aus einer interdisziplinären Perspektive relevante Aspekte der Sicherheit und öffentlichen Risikowahrnehmung von Wasserstoffprojekten. Dabei erfolgt ein Überblick über Standards der sicherheitstechnischen Forschung, Einblicke aus der Projektkommunikation mit Akteuren und Bürger*innen sowie die Vorstellung aktueller Forschungsergebnisse zur öffentlichen Wahrnehmung der Risiken von Wasserstofftechnologien. Die Diskussion geht den u.a. Fragen nach, welche Rolle das Thema Sicherheit in der aktuellen Planungspraxis spielt, wie transparent über Risiken kommuniziert werden kann, ohne Vertrauen zu gefährden und welche Kommunikationsansätze sich als zielführend zeigen, um gesellschaftlichen Unsicherheiten zu begegnen. Der Vortrag zeigt auf, dass der sichere Betrieb von Anlagen nicht nur mit der Technologie alleine gewährleistet werden kann. T2 - Lunch Talk: Wasserstoff im Fokus: Sicherheit, Risikowahrnehmung und Kommunikation CY - Online meeting DA - 08.12.2025 KW - Gefahrenanalyse KW - Methoden KW - Kriterien PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65040 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Theiler, Geraldine T1 - Comparison of the sliding behaviour of several polymers in hydrogen N2 - The work presented here deals with the friction and wear behaviour of polymer materials in hydrogen. Commercially available grades of PEEK, PA, PPA, PAI, PI and PBI were investigated at room temperature in air and hydrogen gas (H2) as well as in liquid hydrogen at - 253°C (LH2). T2 - 7th World Tribology Congress, WTC 2022 CY - Lyon, France DA - 10.07.2022 KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - Polymers KW - Hydrogen KW - Cryogenic PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-62087 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mair, Georg W. A1 - Hajhariri, Aliasghar T1 - A modular concept for protection against debris flight - Design, properties and usage N2 - With advances in technological development, stationary and mobile storage units for compressed hydrogen are becoming larger and larger. Their number is also increasing. At the same time, their design has evolved from steel and aluminium to pressure vessels made of composite materials. For safety reasons the design approval of those composite cylinders requires fire engulfment tests, which are mainly organised as open-air tests always needs dedicated protection measures. Under some conditions those protections measures even reduce the effort for organisational safety measures if e.g. the emission of splinters can get totally prevented. Another aspect is the improved reproducibility of fire tests by reducing the influence of wind, especially wind turbulence. Between 2017 and 2019, BAM developed a stackable protective frame made of steel to safely capture splinters for the safe execution of high-energy impact tests. However, this frame was not flexible enough for the follow up project, which led to a completely new protection concept for (potentially) destructive tests on gas-filled pressure vessels. This concept is based on very robust building blocks with knobs and holes of a dimension of 1m x 0.5m x 0.5m made from welded steel. Despite their considerable weight of around 500 kg, they can be combined and stacked very easily like ‘Lego bricks’. The presentation will show the flexibility of the concept, some results of tests on the robustness against pressure waves and the effectiveness in wind attenuation. Finally, the interaction with a new, also modular burner concept for localised fires and full engulfment fires will be presented. T2 - 11th International Conference on Hydrogen Safety ICHS 2025 CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 24.09.2025 KW - Splinter protection KW - Pressure vessel testing KW - Fire engulfment KW - Destructive tests KW - Rupture KW - Gaseous tests KW - Pressure wave KW - Test equipment KW - Precaution measures PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65099 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Tugnoli, Alessandro A1 - Okpeke, Bright A1 - Campoari, Alessandro A1 - Zervaki, Anna T1 - NICOLHy - 2nd Stakeholder Advisory Board meeting N2 - The NICOLHy project aims to develop a novel insulation concept based on Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP) that enables the safe, cost- and energy efficient storage of large quantities of LH2. Such large scale LH2 storage technology is necessary for establishing a hydrogen economy with dimensions between 40.000 m³ and more than 200.000 m³ of LH2. However, new design concepts are needed because the currently available technologies used in small and medium storages today are not suitable for up-scaling. The main problems prohibiting the up-scaling are the long production time due to the process chain, the low failure tolerance and the spherical shape, which reduces the payload in technical applications by up to 50% compared to other shapes. The novel concept will change these conditions by a system which is modular, open-form, time-and cost efficient while production, operation and service, multi-failure tolerant and applicable for onshore and offshore applications. The presentations shows details to the concept and presents several safety concerns the project has to deal with. This document contains all presentations from NICOLHys second Stakeholder Meeting. T2 - NICOLHy 2nd Stakeholder Meeting CY - Athens, Greece DA - 22.01.2025 KW - Liquefied hydrogen KW - Insulation KW - Tanks PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62564 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Camplese, D. T1 - Analysis of high temperature degradation of multi-layer insulation (MLI) systems for liquid hydrogen storage tanks N2 - The interest in hydrogen-based green energy is increasing worldwide, and the same is true for hydrogen-powered vehicles. Among the possible solutions to store hydrogen in such vehicles, cryogenic tanks equipped with multi-layer insulation (MLI) are the most promising to increase the amount of energy stored per unit volume. However, MLI is affected by severe deterioration when exposed to an external source of heat such as a fire following a car accident, leaving the tank unprotected and leading to failure in a relatively short time. In this work, a one-dimensional model to evaluate MLI thermal degradation when a liquid hydrogen tank is exposed to fire is presented. The relevance of taking MLI degradation into account when simulating the pressure increase due to external fire exposure is here demonstrated through the analysis of several case studies. The results show that MLI systems performance depletes within a few minutes of exposure to hydrocarbon poolfire. T2 - ICheaP 16 CY - Naples, Italy DA - 21.05.2023 KW - LH2 KW - MLI KW - Fire KW - Tank PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57553 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - National Alliance for Hydrogen Safety N2 - Hydrogen as an energy carrier offers the possibility of establishing a global and local CO2-neutral energy economy. The Hydrogen Clusters4Future bundle already existing expertise in the field of hydrogen technologies in and around Aachen with actors from Industry, Science and Society. All while considering the entire hydrogen life cycle – from production to storage and distribution to use. Safety is also an important issue and independant analysis on a national level is actually not possible in Germany. Other countries like the US and Canada established national safety alliances to offer support to companies and authorities. BAM, together with other independant institutes in Germany started to establish the National Alliance for Hydrogen Safety and presented this alliance to the community of the Hydrogen Clusters4Future. T2 - Aachen Hydrogen Colloquium CY - Aachen, Germany DA - 14.05.2024 KW - Hydrogen Safety KW - National Alliance KW - Networking PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61403 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Theiler, Geraldine T1 - An overview of tribology in gaseous Hydrogen N2 - In this presentation, an overview in gaseous hydrogen is given along with examples related to metal, coatings, polymers and rubbers materials. T2 - International Seminar, Hydrogen & Materials 2024 CY - Espoo, Finland DA - 06.06.2024 KW - Hydrogen KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - Materials PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61408 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Repeatable Testing of a Cryogenic Storage Tank with Variable Insulation Material in Fire Like Conditions N2 - For decarbonizing the energy industry and transport, cryogenic energy carriers have great potential. The storage takes place in tanks with thermal super-insulations, which are in application for decades, but there is only limited knowledge about its behaviour in a fire scenario. This represents a major incident that may generate extraordinary loads on the tank and its insulation system, and that eventually lead to a sudden tank failure. This paper presents a test rig called the Cryogenic High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC), which can be used to test typical thermal superinsulation’s under cryogenic and fire-like conditions in parallel. The test method makes it possible to measure the heat flow through the thermal superinsulation over time and to investigate the degradation behaviour of the insulation within a test. In the paper results from the first tests are presented. T2 - 18th Cryogenics 2025, IIR Conference CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 07.04.2025 KW - LH2 KW - LNG KW - Fire KW - Insulation PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62979 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harwege, Finn T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquefied hydrogen storage tanks N2 - For the future use of liquefied hydrogen (LH2) as a green energy carrier, new concepts for storage tanks and in particular their insulation are necessary. The methodology applied in current LH2 tanks has some disadvantages while manufacturing and operation of large tanks that may be required in the future. While liquefied natural gas tanks exist in the necessary capacities, they are incompatible with LH2 due to its significantly lower storage temperature. In this paper, the possibility of using vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) as an alternative to the conventional double walled, powder filled vacuum insulation is presented. The two systems are introduced and compared on a conceptual level with a focus on the loss of vacuum failure mode. Furthermore, a test rig that enables the testing and quantification of thermal properties of VIP based insulations in ordinary and loss of vacuum conditions is presented. The test rig is a boil-off calorimeter using liquefied nitrogen and features a square cold surface with a side length of 2 m. An overview over the planned testing and its goals is given. T2 - 18th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 08.06.2025 KW - Liquefied Hydrogen KW - LH2 KW - Cryogenics KW - Vacuum KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63426 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harwege, Finn T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquid hydrogen storage tanks N2 - Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) based insulation could present an alternative to the common double walled vacuum insulation for large liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks. In this paper a brief introduction on VIPs and the envisioned design of VIP-based LH2-tank insulation is given. The design of a flat plate boil-off calorimeter for the testing of the insulation concept is shown, with regard to thermal design, mechanical design and instrumentation. Finally, an overview over the particular challenges for modelling VIP-based insulation and the proposed testing to be performed on the test rig is presented. T2 - 18th Cryogenics IIR International Conference CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 07.04.2025 KW - Liquefied Hydrogen KW - Insulation KW - Calorimeter KW - LH2 KW - VIP KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62988 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - New concepts in liquid hydrogen storage N2 - On the way to the energy transition, cryogenic fluids such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) are very important. They enable the large-scale economic transport and storage of energy as well as they represent alternative fuels for energy-intensive mobile applications such as aircrafts, ships and HGVs. For the last one, the number of vehicles and fuel stations has increased rapidly in the last 10 years all over Europe. Does this also entail new risks, for instance from a BLEVE in case of fires? To answer this question, BAM has conducted several research projects over the last decades and intensified the research recently with several experimental, numerical, and empirical outcomes on how a tank with insulation behaves in a fire. The presentation shows an overview of this research. The findings are relevant for global standardization procedures and to improve the overall safety in chemistry and technics. T2 - Hydrogen Refueling Station Opening CY - Baruth/Mark, Germany DA - 03.07.2025 KW - LH2 KW - Insulation KW - Fire KW - LNG KW - Safety PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63628 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Nattuveettil, Keerthana T1 - Hydrogen safety- Dealing with Closed Spaces N2 - This work focuses on the detection and monitoring of hydrogen concentration in closed spaces, to improve safety by developing a sensor network-based leak detection system. This will help in prevention of accumulation of hazardous mixtures. Furthermore, the study details the implementation of a hydrogen sensor network within a container, analysing sensor placement, data collection, and safety improvements. T2 - SMSI 2025 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 06.05.2025 KW - Sensor Network KW - Hydrogen safety KW - QI-Digital PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63199 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Error Prevention, Damage Prevention, and Safety Management in Hydrogen Technologies N2 - In order to integrate the error prevention and damage prevention strategy into hydrogen technologies, it is important to proactively look out for potential weaknesses in the systems and processes. This includes the implementation of preventive measures as elements of safety management in order to identify and eliminate potential sources of error. In addition, training should be specifically focussed on avoiding errors and the safe use of hydrogen technologies. The principial approach of a gas sensor testing laboratory shows how to ensure reliable results, it is advisable to conduct sensor testing under controlled conditions, focusing on identifying specific properties and quantifying performance criteria. A well thought-out strategy for error prevention makes a significant contribution to preventing accidents and increasing overall safety when using hydrogen. T2 - 5th Germany-Korea Hydrogen Conference CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 22.10.2024 KW - Hydrogen KW - Safety KW - Safety Management KW - Error Prevention KW - Reference Procedure PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62563 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Maiwald, Michael A1 - Schukar, Marcus T1 - Beiträge der Prozessanalytik und Sensorik zur Sicherheit in Wasserstofftechnologien N2 - Intelligent sensor systems, certified reference materials and instrumental analytical-chemical methods contribute to safety and functionality in hydrogen technologies. This article gives a brief overview of SensRef activities in the Competence Centre H2Safety@BAM on the issues: Analytical methods for the determination of hydrogen purity, certified reference materials as measurement standards with regard to gas quality (primary calibrators) of BAM, test methods for gas sensor systems to detect hydrogen in air as well as the application of fibre-optic sensor systems to monitor the expansion and ageing behaviour of composite containers in hydrogen technologies. T2 - Berlin Brandenburger Optik-Tag "Einsatz von Sensorik und Mikroelektronik in der Wasserstoffwirtschaft" CY - Online meeting DA - 29.11.2021 KW - H2Safety@BAM KW - SensRef KW - Gas analysis KW - Gas purity KW - Fibre-optic sensors KW - Sensor response KW - Certified reference materials PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54138 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Introduction of H2Safety@BAM N2 - This contribution for the Open Forum of the 8th HSN Symposium introduces the SensRef activities of the Competence Centre H2Safety@BAM. T2 - 8. HSN-Symposium - HybridSensorNet e. V. CY - Online meeting DA - 11.11.2021 KW - H2Safety@BAM KW - SensRef KW - Hydrogen PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54137 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Theiler, Geraldine T1 - Toward sustainable and hydrogen compatible sealing materials N2 - As sealing components, polymeric materials are used in a wide range of applications e.g. as O-rings and piston rings in high-pressure and/or cryogenic hydrogen. For these extreme demanding application, PTFE or PPS based materials are often used as high-performance polymer matrix. This project aims to provide a safe and sustainable sealing solutions for hydrogen applications. New materials with improved sustainability were investigated and compared with conventional grades. Tests were performed in hydrogen over a wide range of temperature and pressure (0.1 MPa to 40 MPa, and 100°C down to -150°C) at Kyushu University and BAM using a pin-on-disk apparatus in a continuous sliding motion. Polymer samples ran against 316L disk at 0.5 m/s and 3 MPa contact pressure. Based on the tribological results and surface analyses, promising candidates are suggested along with friction mechanisms in both high-pressure and low temperature hydrogen. T2 - STLE Meeting CY - Atlanta, Georgia, USA DA - 18.05.2025 KW - Hydrogen KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - Piston ring KW - Reciprocating seals PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63809 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bock, Robert T1 - Introduction Living Lab Hydrogen Refueling Station N2 - Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) forscht und prüft für Sicherheit in Technik und Chemie an drei Standorten in Berlin, sowie auf dem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit in Horstwalde in Brandenburg. Hier haben wir weitreichende Möglichkeiten, Großversuche im Realmaßstab durchzuführen. Besonderes Augenmerk richten wir heute auf das Reallabor Wasserstofftankstelle. Diese voll digitalisierte technische Anlage, die die Wertschöpfungskette von Wasserstoff abbildet, wurde gerade eröffnet und steht nun Partnern aus Industrie und Forschung sowie kleinen mittelständischen Unternehmen oder Start-Ups zum gemeinsamen Forschen und Erproben neuer Technologie zur Verfügung. Ihre Besonderheiten umfassen z.B. eine umfassende Prozessüberwachung nach Industrie 4.0, die dafür nötige IT/OT Infrastruktur, Digitale Zwillinge auf verschiedenen Ebenen, großflächige Aufstellung und baulicher Schutz, Gas-Probenahmestellen auf dem Weg durch die Anlage und H2-Sensornetzwerke zur frühzeitigen Erfassung und Ortung von Leckagen. T2 - Sonderkolloquium H2safety@BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.11.2025 KW - Wasserstoff KW - Reallabor KW - Digitalisierung PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64699 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Melzer, Michael T1 - Sensors for safety and process control in hydrogen technologies - Part II - Seminar about the expression of uncertainty in measurement N2 - The determination of the measurement uncertainty of quantitative and qualitative results is an important quality management tool, for example to describe measuring equipment, procedures, measurement results and the quality of products. The lecture presents the process description for the determination of the measurement uncertainty according to GUM, the determination of uncertainties in qualitative measurement results and the application of the measurement uncertainty for conformity assessment. T2 - Joint European Summer School 2021 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies CY - Online meeting DA - 12.09.2021 KW - Quality management tool KW - Measurement uncertainty KW - Quantiative results KW - Qualitative results KW - Conformity assessment PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54132 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Sensors for safety and process control in hydrogen technologies N2 - Sensor systems are widely used in hydrogen technologies. The lecture presents requirements and properties of sensor systems and shows application examples of these technologies for safety and process control for hydrogen technologies. The focus is on gas sensors as well as sensors for pressure, temperature and gas flow. These systems are applied, among other things, for monitoring and control of operating conditions, indication of hazardous conditions and triggering of alarms. T2 - Joint European Summer School 2021 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies CY - Online meeting DA - 12.09.2021 KW - Sensor KW - Safety KW - Process control KW - Hydrogen technologies PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54131 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lay, Vera T1 - Multi-sensor conception for safe sealing structures in underground repositories N2 - The project "SealWasteSafe" of the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (Berlin) deals with sealing structures applied for underground disposal of nuclear waste from two perspectives: material improvement for application in sealing constructions and feasibility study regarding multi-sensor approaches to ensure quality assurance and long-term monitoring. One specimen of 150 l made of alkali-activated material, which was found innovative and suitable for sealing constructions based on preliminary laboratory studies, and another one made of conventional salt concrete, are manufactured with an integrated multi-sensory setup for quality assurance and long-term-monitoring. The specimens were left in their cast form and additionally thermally insulated to simulate the situation in the repository. The multi-sensory concept comprises RFID technology embedded in the specimens suppling material temperature and moisture measurements, integrated distributed fibre optic sensing allowing strain measurement and acoustic emission testing for monitoring crack formation. Overall, the suitability and the functionality of the sensors embedded into and attached to strongly alkaline (pH > 13 for the AAM) and salt corrosive (NaCl) environment was proven for the first 672 h. First RFID measurement succeeded after 626 h for the alkali-activated material and after 192 h for the conventional salt concrete. Strain measurement based on fibre optic sensing turned out the alkali-activated material (> 1 mm/m) undergoing approximately twice the compression strain as the salt concrete (< 0.5 mm/m). In contrast, the acoustic emission first and single hits representing crack formation in numbers, was found for alkali-activated material half of that detected at the salt concrete. T2 - SMIRT 26 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 10.07.2022 KW - SealWasteSafe KW - Monitoring KW - Acoustic emission KW - Fibre optic sensing KW - RFID technology KW - Alkali-activated material PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55372 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - The critical role of safety in hydrogen and energy projects across the continent N2 - Safety plays a critical role in the success and sustainability of hydrogen and energy projects across Africa, where the push for clean and renewable energy is rapidly gaining momentum. Given hydrogen’s flammability and the complex infrastructure required for its production, storage, and transport, strict safety protocols are essential to protect workers, communities, and the environment. In regions with developing regulatory frameworks, establishing robust safety standards and fostering a culture of safety is vital to attract investment, ensure public trust, and prevent accidents that could derail progress. Prioritizing safety not only safeguards lives but also supports the long-term viability and credibility of Africa’s emerging hydrogen economy. T2 - Global African Hydrogen Summit - Technical Seminar Programme CY - Windhoek, Namibia DA - 09.09.2025 KW - Safety KW - Namibia KW - Hydrogen infrastructure KW - Acceptance KW - Expert recommendations PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64435 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kästle, Emanuel A1 - Duffner, Eric A1 - Ghaznavi, Ali T1 - DAVID Project meeting 23.09.2025 N2 - Yearly report on the DAVID project, presented in front of the consortial partners. The report shows the progress achieved by the DAVID project team at BAM in terms of testing newly developed carbon-fiber reinforced pressure vessels of type IV. T2 - DAVID project meeting CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 23.09.2025 KW - Acoustic Emission KW - Pressure Vessels KW - DAVID project KW - Damage monitoring KW - Fiber reinforced polymers PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65289 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Baer, Wolfram T1 - On the assessment of dynamic fracture toughness of ferritic ductile cast iron using the master curve concept N2 - An established and validated method to determine and assess dynamic fracture toughness values of ferritic ductile cast iron (DCI) in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime is currently not available. Although the ASME-Code, Sect. III, Div. 3, WC-2330 explicitly requires safety assessment considerations for dynamic loading, sufficiently substantial information on the procedure is not given. Therefore, the applicability of the probabilistic Master Curve (MC) concept according to ASTM E1921 to DCI is being investigated in the joint German research project MCGUSS conducted by BAM Berlin and MPA Stuttgart. Using a tailored manufacturing specification, a DCI material of grade GJS-400 has been casted to provide a test material which is very homogeneous but typical for heavy-sections. The experimental test program covers test specimens of various geometries and sizes (Tensile, Charpy-V, Pellini, SE(B)10, SE(B)25, SE(B)140, DC(T)9, C(T)25 and C(T)50). In total about 500 specimens will be tested to investigate and validate the Master Curve concept and its background for DCI (e.g. size effects, weakest-link, Weibull distribution, microstructure-property correlation). While the whole project has not yet concluded, several work packages have already been completed. This presentation is focused on dynamic large-scale fracture mechanics test series using SE(B)140 specimens and instrumented Charpy impact testing using ISO-V specimens. T2 - European Conference on Fracture 2024 CY - Zagreb, Croatia DA - 26.08.2024 KW - Dynamic fracture toughness KW - Ductile cast iron KW - Master curve concept PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61452 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Baer, Wolfram T1 - Recent Results on the Investigation of the Master Curve Concept for Ferritic Ductile Cast Iron N2 - Within the current framework for safety assessment of ferritic ductile cast iron (DCI) containers for transport as well as interim and final storage of radioactive materials, the IAEA guidelines SSG 26 apply fracture mechanics principles. Crack initiation in either, stable or unstable modes is generally forbidden. Additionally, for DCI, the ASME-Code, Sect. III, Div. 3, WC-2330, explicitly requires a safety proof regarding dynamic loading conditions. Nevertheless, corresponding information given in the ASME Code does not seem to be sufficient to appropriately perform a dynamic fracture mechanics safety assessment for DCI. To address and improve this status of the dynamic brittle fracture safety assessment framework for DCI, the application of the fracture mechanics master curve (MC) concept to DCI is being investigated in an ongoing joint research project (acronym MCGUSS) between BAM Berlin and MPA Stuttgart. For ferritic DCI, the MCGUSS project addresses the currently lacking systematic review of applicability and potential modifications to the assumptions and the procedure according to ASTM E1921. The aim is to establish a methodology to determine and assess dynamic fracture toughness values of DCI in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime using small samples extracted from a component. The research approach and the planned investigations were outlined in more detail earlier. This paper is focused on the discussion of recent experimental results to establish the dynamic fracture mechanics toughness data base and its MC analyses. MCGUSS fracture mechanics test setups and the dynamic fracture toughness data base achieved at the time of abstract submission is discussed (covering 128 specimens). Current application limits of ASTM E1921 MC to DCI are discussed, and planned investigations to further investigate and modify the MC procedure for DCI are outlined. T2 - ASTM 23rd International ASTM/ESIS Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics CY - Atlanta, GA, USA DA - 12.11.2025 KW - Dynamic fracture toughness KW - Ductile cast iron KW - Safety assessment KW - Master curve KW - Statistics PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64746 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Baer, Wolfram T1 - Experimental determination and analysis of dynamic fracture toughness data of ductile cast iron N2 - Ductile Cast Iron materials (DCI) have become important structural materials. Neverthe-less, to draw maximum benefit from DCIs property potential, tailored testing methods must be provided. The established dynamic Jd-R and CTOD 5d-R curve procedures are based on material specifically developed, independent experimental techniques but pro-vide almost matching results. This can be seen as additional validation of the Jd procedure which was mandatory. T2 - 14th International Conference on Fracture (ICF 14) CY - Rhodes, Greece DA - 18.07.2017 KW - Ductile cast iron KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Dynamic loading KW - Crack resistance curve KW - CTOD KW - J-integral PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42727 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Baer, Wolfram T1 - Statistische Auswertung der SE(B)-Bruchzähigkeitsdatenbasis und Untersuchungen zum Bruchmechanismus - Neue Ergebnisse zur Untersuchung des Master Curve Konzepts für ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit bei dynamischer Beanspruchung (Projekt MCGUSS) N2 - Die Zielstellung des laufenden Kooperationsprojektes MCGUSS zwischen der BAM Berlin und der MPA Stuttgart ist es, das probabilistische Master Curve (MC)-Konzept hinsichtlich seiner Übertragbarkeit auf ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit (DCI) zu untersuchen. Über Teilergebnisse der Arbeiten wurde bereits auf den Jahrestagungen 2023 bis 2025 des DVM-AK Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit berichtet. Der vorliegende Beitrag hat zwei Schwerpunkte. Zum einen wurde die Datenbasis der dynamischen Bruchzähigkeit für SE(B)-Proben der Dicken 10 mm, 25 mm und 140 mm auf insgesamt 101 Versuche bei Temperaturen von -40 °C bis -140 °C erweitert, statistisch ausgewertet sowie MC-Analysen unterzogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Daten sich zwar mit einer Weibullverteilung gut beschreiben lassen, die MC-Methode nach ASTM E1921 jedoch nicht ohne Weiteres anwendbar ist, sondern Modifikationen erforderlich sind. Des Weiteren werden neue Ergebnisse zum werkstoffspezifischen Bruchmechanismus bei dynamischer Belastung im unteren Übergangsbereich der Zähigkeit diskutiert. Die fraktographische Datenbank wurde durch REM-Analysen weiterer Bruchflächen von SE(B)25-Proben bei -40 °C, -60 °C und -80 °C ergänzt. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die prägende Rolle, die Rissarrestereignissen im Verlauf des dynamischen Sprödbruchversagens bei DCI zukommt. Der in MCGUSS zur Erklärung eines gegenüber Stahl inversen Probengrößeneinflusses vorgeschlagene Mechanismus „Specimen size-dependent arrest of local brittle fractures before global brittle failure by weakest link“ wird dadurch weiter unterstützt. T2 - DVM-Jahrestagung 2026 des Arbeitskreises Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 24.02.2026 KW - Dynamic fracture toughness KW - Ductile cast iron KW - Safety assessment KW - Master curve KW - Statistics PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65593 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lange, Diana A1 - Hahn, Oliver T1 - Colours on Maps - Purpose and Materiality N2 - Colours are an inseparable attribute of most maps. While colouring seems at first glance simply superficial ‘prettifying’ of maps, most maps were given colours for other reasons: colour is an important key to understanding the function and use of maps. The use of colours, the choice of where to assign them and the meaning given to them has accordingly never been static but has changed over time. In this context, the three aspects: colour system, colour scheme, and colour code are of particular importance. Material scientific analysis makes it possible to find out more about the material composition of colourants (pigments and dyes) on maps. The study of colourants provides insights into the production conditions and use of maps. Furthermore, it offers clues about colour changes and forms the basis for appropriate restoration concepts. T2 - Maps. Digital. Analogue CY - Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland DA - 26.02.2026 KW - Maps KW - Colours KW - Archaeometry KW - Aging PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65599 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Askar, Enis T1 - Safety in Energy Gases "Explosion Protection" N2 - The legal framework and standards for explosion protection are presented briefly and than the three basic principles of explosion protection are shown one by one: Avoiding Explosive Mixtures, Avoiding Ignition Sources and Mitigation of Consequences. For each of these the relevant safety characteristics and methods of implementation are shown. Finally references for Safety characteristic data and literature sources are shown and the safety characteristics of different fuel gases are summarized and compared. T2 - European Metrology Network for Energy Gases Training Session CY - Online meeting DA - 25.02.2026 KW - Safety characteristics KW - Energy carrier KW - Ignition KW - Safety PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65582 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hörmann, Anja Franziska T1 - Next Level Grazing Incidence, Part I: Standardization of Calibration and Alignment for Grazing Incidence Small-Angle (X-ray) Scattering N2 - We present initial results of our survey on grazing incidence methods which focuses on hardware, software, sample alignment and instrument calibration. We illustrate both sample alignment and sample-to-detector distance calibration with data recorded at the MOUSE and conclude with promising results from our Bayesian beam optimization procedure based on Gaussian Process regression. T2 - XIX edition of the International Small-Angle Scattering Conference (SAS2024) CY - Taipei, Taiwan DA - 04.11.2024 KW - Standardisation KW - Grazing incidence KW - Sample alignment KW - Instrument calibration PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62775 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Trappe, Volker T1 - Roving-Alterung und mechanische Eigenschaften N2 - Im statistischen Mittel steht eine Windkraftanlage (WKA) in Deutschland alle 6 Jahre wegen eines Schadens an den Rotorblättern und verursacht Kosten von 20k€-40k€ infolge Ertragsausfall und Reparaturkosten. Bei über 30.000 WKA in Deutschland verursacht dies jährlichen Kosten von 100-200 Mio. €. Zu 70% sind die Ursachen Fertigungsfehler. Diesem Themenkomplex widmet sich FB-5.3 in Kooperation mit FBs der Zerstörungsfreien Prüfung (Abt. 8) schon seit Jahren. Im aktuellen Projekt geht es um einen vorzeitigen Verschleiß der Rotorblätter infolge der Verwendung gealterter Glasfaser-Rovings. (GF). Die Entwicklung moderner Windkraftanlagen hatte in Europa seinen Ursprung in den 90er Jahren. OEMs und GF-Hersteller waren dicht beisammen. Die Globalisierung des Marktes führt heute zu einer weltweiten Verschiffung der GF in feucht-warmen Containern. Je nach Beschaffenheit (Chemie) der Schlichten (Oberflächenbehandlung) von GF können diese stark altern (Hydrolyse-Effekte) und die Festigkeit kann im Bauteil um bis zu 50% abgemindert sein. In einer Kooperation mit der Rotorblattallianz, einem Zusammenschluss der OEMs, Halbzeugherstellern und Forschungsinstituten, wurden schon vor 5 Jahren in einem Forschungsprojekt (FB-5.3; VH 5538) die chemischen Mechanismen der Alterung exemplarisch für eine Glasfaser-Roving-Type aufgeklärt. Im aktuellen Projekt (FB-5.3; VH 5304) wird ein beschleunigtes Alterungsverfahren (erhöhte Temperatur und Feuchte) am Roving im un-impregnierten Zustand entwickelt und die Festigkeit nachfolgend nach Einbettung in eine Epoxid-Harz-Matrix bestimmt. Je nach Alterungszustand zeigt sich eine Abnahme der Zwischenfaserbruchfestigkeit von bis zu 50%. Nicht alle Glasfaser-Roving-Typen zeigen diesen Effekt. Es ist gelungen für OEMs und Halbzeughersteller ein handhabbares Verfahren zur innerbetrieblichen Qualitätssicherung zu entwickeln, da die wenigsten Firmen über komplexe Analyseverfahren, wie an der BAM, verfügen. T2 - Composite United - AG Faserverbund in der Windenergie CY - Braunschweig, Germany DA - 09.05.2023 KW - Faserkunststoffverbunde KW - Windenergie KW - Alterung PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58409 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Sarah-K. T1 - Second Life Batterien - Alterungsverhalten und Brandversuche N2 - Der Vortrag gibt zunächst einen Themeneinstieg in den Bereich der Second-Life-Batterien sowie rechtliche und technische Grundlagen zu Lebenszyklus und Alterung. Im Weiteren werden experimentelle Ergebnisse aus Versuchen zum thermischen Durchgehen mit Batteriemodulen aus dem BMBF-Vorhaben SEE-2L vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus wird ein eigens entwickelter Ausbildungsdemonstrators vorgestellt, welcher einen wesentlichen Baustein des Ergebnistransfers aus dem Vorhaben darstellt. T2 - 19. Fachkonferenz Lithiumbatterien CY - Göttingen, Germany DA - 26.01.2026 KW - Auswirkungsbetrachtungen KW - Elektrische Energiespeicher KW - Lithium-Ionen-Batterie KW - Second Life KW - Thermisches Durchgehen PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65621 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bayat, Mehmet Emin T1 - Traceable dynamic and gravimetric preparation of trace ammonia in hydrogen gas standards for ISO 14687 N2 - Trace ammonia impurities in hydrogen fuel poison proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), causing irreversible performance degradation. Accurate quantification of ammonia in so-called Grade D hydrogen fuel is crucial for ensuring PEMFCs long-term operational stability and performance. According to ISO 14687 grade D hydrogen fuel sets a stringent threshold value of just 100 nmol/mol for ammonia impurities. Given the potential of an ammonia-based hydrogen supply chain, reliable quantification of ammonia contamination appears even more relevant. Hydrogen quality assessments for ammonia impurities typically employ techniques such as gas chromatography, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, or mass spectrometry. These techniques, however, require stable reference gases for calibration and long-term method validation. Typically, gravimetrically produced reference gases are used. However, ammonia poses unique challenges due to its chemical reactivity and stickiness. By applying (ultra )long-path Optical Feedback Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy we observed that above a certain amount of ammonia, the gravimetric amount deviates from the analytically determined amount. This discrepancy most likely arises due to strong adsorption of ammonia onto the inner surface of the gas cylinder. Therefore, we investigated the lowest gravimetrically preparable amount of ammonia in hydrogen for which the analytically measured amount of the cylinder remains congruent with the gravimetric amount of substance. We further investigated the applicability of passivated cylinders for trace ammonia gas standards and compared their performance to aluminum alloy cylinders. To confirm reproducibility of our results, we conducted three independent gravimetric preparation campaigns, each employing optimizations, or changes in methodology, at different times. Finally, we investigated whether those gravimetrically prepared trace amounts of ammonia in hydrogen gas standards were long-term-stable. Beyond gravimetrically prepared gas standards, we evaluated how a cutting-edge dynamic dilution system could reliably extend trace-ammonia calibration down to the ISO limit of 100 nmol/mol. For this purpose, we developed an advanced dynamic dilution system capable of a one-in-a-billion dilution ratio, validated for its SI traceability, reproducibility, and operational limits by applying an internal standard. In summary, our results demonstrate that precise dynamic dilution, coupled with concentrated gravimetrically prepared ammonia gas mixture, provides a route to full SI-traceable trace-ammonia reference sample gases. T2 - Gas Analysis Symposium 2026 CY - Paris, France DA - 27.01.2026 KW - Ammonia KW - Hydrogen KW - Gravimetric preparation KW - OF-CEAS KW - ISO 14687 PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65620 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gleim, Tobias T1 - Großbrandversuche von Elektrofahrzeugen zum Transport Gefährlicher Güter N2 - Der zunehmende Einsatz von batterieelektrischen Transportfahrzeugen (Battery Electric Transport Vehicles – BETVs) im Verkehrswesen wirft Sicherheitsfragen beim Transport gefährlicher Güter auf. Obwohl Batteriebrände auf Zell-, Modul- und Fahrzeugebene umfassend untersucht wurden, fehlen systematische Daten zu deren thermischen Auswirkungen auf Gefahrgutverpackungen. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, führt die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) auf ihrem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit (BAM-TTS) groß angelegte Brandtests durch, in denen konservative Unfallszenarien mit unterschiedlichen Zellchemien und -kapazitäten nachgestellt werden. Die Tests kombinieren fahrzeugbedingte Brandlasten mit standardisierten Propan-Referenzbränden und erfassen mittels hochauflösender Instrumente zentrale Messgrößen wie Wärmefluss, Temperatur und Strahlung. Der daraus entstehende Datensatz liefert erstmals eine direkte Quantifizierung der thermischen Auswirkungen von BETV-Bränden auf Verpackungen und unterstützt Expertengremien bei der Bewertung, ob bestehende regulatorische Anforderungen für alternative Antriebssysteme weiterhin angemessen sind. T2 - Informationsaustausch zur verkehrsrechtlichen Aufsicht bei der Beförderung radioaktiver Stoffe CY - Salzgitter, Germany DA - 03.02.2026 KW - Batteriebrand KW - IAEA KW - Gefahrgut KW - Transport PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65626 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ekici, Nilsah A1 - Sobol, Oded T1 - SHIMMER Database for Hydrogen Integration in European Gas Grids N2 - The integration of hydrogen into existing natural gas infrastructure is an important pathway for achieving the European Union’s climate neutrality goals. However, hydrogen blending in gas networks raises technical challenges related to material compatibility, operational safety, and the lack of harmonized assessment methodologies across Europe. These challenges are addressed within the Safe Hydrogen Injection Modelling and Management for European Gas Network Resilience (SHIMMER) project, funded by the Clean Hydrogen Partnership under the Horizon Europe programme. A key outcome of the project is the development of an openly accessible database designed to support the assessment of hydrogen readiness in European gas networks and to facilitate knowledge sharing. The database compiles infrastructure data provided by project partners, including several European transmission and distribution system operators. It contains detailed information on gas network components such as pipelines, valves, fittings, gaskets, and compressors. In addition, a new category has been introduced focusing on the hydrogen compatibility of gas grid components and materials. This section provides structured information linking infrastructure components with material types and their hydrogen compatibility, enabling more systematic evaluation of hydrogen injection scenarios. By organizing heterogeneous datasets into a harmonized and user-friendly structure, the SHIMMER database supports research, best-practice development, and the safe integration of hydrogen into existing European gas infrastructure. T2 - EHEC 2026 CY - Seville, Spain DA - 11.03.2026 KW - Database KW - Gas Grid KW - Hydrogen KW - Low-carbon KW - Pipeline Steel PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65683 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Battistella, Beatrice T1 - Plasma-Based Analytical Approaches for the Investigation of Li-ion Battery Degradation N2 - The research conducted at the Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM) focuses on key challenges of the energy transition, spanning hydrogen technologies, electrical energy storage, and renewable energy systems. In the field of energy storage, our primary areas of interest include the safety of electrical energy storage systems, sustainable energy materials, and advanced battery diagnostics. One of our central objectives is to deepen our understanding of the processes contributing to lithium-ion cell degradation, an essential step toward improving next-generation systems and meeting the rapidly growing demand for lithium-ion battery technology. The complexity of these systems, which comprise organic and inorganic compounds in multiple aggregation states, presents significant analytical challenges. To address these challenges, we are developing novel analytical methods to further expand our insight into battery degradation mechanisms. Using GD-MS for depth-resolved lithium isotope analysis, we have recently established a correlation between lithium isotope fractionation and the growth of electrode–electrolyte interphases at electrode surfaces. In addition, we are developing GD-OES and LIBS methods for depth-resolved and lateral fluorine analysis, respectively, of lithium-ion battery electrodes to monitor electrolyte and additive degradation. These approaches might also provide valuable analytical tools for assessing the homogeneity of fluorinated active materials. T2 - Berkeley Lab - Prof. Dr. Zorba group seminar (Energy Technologies Area) CY - Berkeley, CA, USA DA - 27.02.2026 KW - Li-ion Batteries KW - Li Isotopes KW - Diagnostic on batteries PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65695 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Battistella, Beatrice T1 - Plasma-Based Analytical Approaches for the Investigation of Li-ion Battery Degradation N2 - The research conducted at the Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM) focuses on key challenges of the energy transition, spanning hydrogen technologies, electrical energy storage, and renewable energy systems. In the field of energy storage, our primary areas of interest include the safety of electrical energy storage systems, sustainable energy materials, and advanced battery diagnostics. One of our central objectives is to deepen our understanding of the processes contributing to lithium-ion cell degradation, an essential step toward improving next-generation systems and meeting the rapidly growing demand for lithium-ion battery technology. The complexity of these systems, which comprise organic and inorganic compounds in multiple aggregation states, presents significant analytical challenges. To address these challenges, we are developing novel analytical methods to further expand our insight into battery degradation mechanisms. Using GD-MS for depth-resolved lithium isotope analysis, we have recently established a correlation between lithium isotope fractionation and the growth of electrode–electrolyte interphases at electrode surfaces. In addition, we are developing GD-OES and LIBS methods for depth-resolved and lateral fluorine analysis, respectively, of lithium-ion battery electrodes to monitor electrolyte and additive degradation. These approaches might also provide valuable analytical tools for assessing the homogeneity of fluorinated active materials. T2 - Applied Spectra Inc. CY - Sacramento, CA, USA DA - 05.03.2026 KW - Lithium-Ion Battery PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65696 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Battistella, Beatrice T1 - Plasma-Based Analytical Approaches for the Investigation of Li-ion Battery Degradation N2 - The research conducted at the Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM) focuses on key challenges of the energy transition, spanning hydrogen technologies, electrical energy storage, and renewable energy systems. In the field of energy storage, our primary areas of interest include the safety of electrical energy storage systems, sustainable energy materials, and advanced battery diagnostics. One of our central objectives is to deepen our understanding of the processes contributing to lithium-ion cell degradation, an essential step toward improving next-generation systems and meeting the rapidly growing demand for lithium-ion battery technology. The complexity of these systems, which comprise organic and inorganic compounds in multiple aggregation states, presents significant analytical challenges. To address these challenges, we are developing novel analytical methods to further expand our insight into battery degradation mechanisms. Using GD-MS for depth-resolved lithium isotope analysis, we have recently established a correlation between lithium isotope fractionation and the growth of electrode–electrolyte interphases at electrode surfaces. In addition, we are developing GD-OES and LIBS methods for depth-resolved and lateral fluorine analysis, respectively, of lithium-ion battery electrodes to monitor electrolyte and additive degradation. These approaches might also provide valuable analytical tools for assessing the homogeneity of fluorinated active materials. T2 - California Institute of Technology (Caltech) CY - Pasadena, CA, USA DA - 06.03.2026 KW - Lithium-Ion Battery KW - Li Isotopes KW - Diagnostic on batteries KW - LA-ICP-MS KW - GD-MS PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65697 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rhode, Michael T1 - Determination, Assessment and Quantification of Hydrogen in Multi-pass / Multi-layer Weld Joints by Adapted ISO 3690 Samples - DEAQuade - N2 - High-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) structural steels, such as S690 and higher grades, are used in numerous applications, enabling sustainable, lightweight structural construction. However, the welded joints of these steels can be susceptible to hydrogen-assisted cold cracking (HACC), especially in the hardened weld metal (WM) or heat-affected zone (HAZ). HACC in high-strength welds basically involves a critical combination of local, mutually dependent parameters consisting of: (1) a crack-critical microstructure; (2) sufficiently high mechanical stress; and (3) a diffusible hydrogen concentration (HD). In this context, thick-walled steel weld joints typically involve multi-layer welding with several passes. This leads to an effective, empirically known reduction in the global HD in the weld seam. This reduction is due to the repeated reheating of subsequently welded beads or layers, which reduces the local HD in the individual weld beads or layers. However, this has not yet been adequately quantified or described. Bead-on-plate tests, such as ISO 3690, cannot correctly reproduce the local HD distribution in individual welding passes (and thus, the global HD in the entire seam). Therefore, these tests lead to an extremely conservative evaluation of hydrogen ingress and the potential for "self-reduction" of HD due to increased interpass temperature during multi-layer welding, which has not yet been adequately addressed in the literature. Ideally, the local HD in each pass and the global (average) HD of the multi-layer weld would be known immediately after welding. For this reason, the study proposes an approach to address the local, track-, and layer-dependent, as well as global, hardness (HD) of multi-layer welds via a modified ISO 3690 test. To this end, representative welding parameter combinations for selected practical welding processes (e.g., SAW, GMAW, or SMAW) will be carried out as conventional bead-on-plate samples. These samples will be systematically extended by an increasing number of welding passes. Several sample series with an increasing number of beads or layers will be examined. Additionally, the initial HD is varied by methods such as targeted shielding gas variation (e.g., addition of hydrogen in GMAW) or moistened flux/coating (e.g., SAW/SMAW). Based on experimental data (temperature field measurements during welding and determination of temperature-dependent HD coefficients), a numerical hydrogen diffusion model is created. This model calculates the local HD (in the beads) and the HD across the weld cross-section. Additional variation calculations represent heat transfer conditions that were not recorded experimentally and their influence on HD distribution. Finally, we investigate the potential use of the modified ISO 3690 multi-layer geometry for application cases such as (1) predicting the effectiveness and necessity of hydrogen removal heat treatment procedures for given welding parameter sets and (2) extending the HD classification definition (e.g., allowing HD10 use for HSLA steels with RP0.2 > 690 MPa instead of HD5). Finally, an international round robin should be initiated once the concept has been successfully confirmed and verified. T2 - IIW Intermediate Meeting, Com. II-A CY - Bangkok, Thailand DA - 17.03.2026 KW - Hydrogen assisted cracking KW - Multi-pass welding KW - Diffusion KW - Cold cracking test PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65716 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Werner, Jan A1 - Böttcher, Nils A1 - Soderer, Hannes T1 - Batterieelektrisch betriebene FL/AT-Fzg.-Vorschriften und Sicherheit N2 - Überblick über Vorschriftenlage, Technik der Batterien und aktuelle Forschung. Aufzeigen bestehender Unschärfen in der Rechtslage, Sicherheitsfragestellungen zu Batterietechnik sowie Interaktion mit Gefahrgut. T2 - E-Mobilität in der Chemielogistik CY - Duisburg, Germany DA - 04.03.2026 KW - Batterieelektrische Antriebe KW - Gefahrgut KW - ADR KW - Unfallfeuer KW - Wärmeübertragung KW - Lithium Ionen Batterien PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65663 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Böttcher, Nils T1 - Kick-off LiBaTra - WP4: Safety Tests N2 - Die BAM ist Projektpartner im vom BMWE geförderten Verbundvorhaben LiBaTra („Lithium-Ionen-Batterie Transport und sichere Deaktivierung für das Recycling“). Weitere Projektpartner neben der BAM sind die Universität Braunschweig mit dem iPAT (Institut für Partikeltechnik) sowie die Firmen Siemens Energy SE sowie No Canary. Die BAM bearbeitet das Teilvorhaben „Risikobestimmung tiefenentladener Energiespeicher“ (FKZ: 03EI6145A-D). Die Präsentation gibt die wesentlichen Arbeitsinhalte des Teilvorhabens der BAM wieder. T2 - Kick-off Meeting des Verbundvorhabens LiBaTra CY - Online meeting DA - 17.02.2026 KW - Auswirkungsbetrachtungen KW - Elektrische Energiespeicher KW - Lithium-Ionen-Batterie KW - Stationäre Energiespeicher KW - Thermisches Durchgehen PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65657 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübner, Martin T1 - (K)ein explosives Thema? - Schweißen an und auf zukünftigen Wasserstoffpipelines im Betrieb unter Druckgasfluss N2 - Das Schweißen an druckführenden Leitungen im Betrieb ist beim Erdgas-Fernleitungsnetz Stand der Technik, beispielsweise beim Setzen von Abgängen durch „Hot-Tapping“. Diese Technik wird auch beim zukünftigen Wasserstoff-Kernnetz eine bedeutende Rolle spielen. Verfahrensbedingt ist daher eine bestimmte Wasserstoffaufnahme während des Schweißens unvermeidbar. Aus diesem Grund werden derzeit in mehreren Forschungsprojekten wie umfassende Erkenntnisse zum Schweißen an Rohrleitungen unter Druckwasserstoff gewonnen. Die grundsätzliche Übertragbarkeit des „Hot-Tapping“ auf zukünftige Wasserstoff-Rohrleitungen wurde bereits bestätigt (u. a. DNV-Projekt und HyTap). Allerdings besteht allein das zukünftige Wasserstoff-Kernnetz in Deutschland aus einer Vielzahl von Bestands- und Neuwerkstoffen mit unterschiedlichen Festigkeiten, Durchmessern und Wandstärken. Für diese ist eine umfassende Betrachtung notwendig. In diesem Bereich leistet das Projekt H2-SuD wesentliche Beiträge, insbesondere zur Frage der Anpassung der Mindestwandstärke für sicheres Schweißen. Hierzu bieten die Demonstratoren eine ideale Grundlage zum Screening vieler Schweißparameter-Werkstoff-Kombinationen. Eine erhöhte Wasserstoffkonzentration beim Schweißen wurde experimentell belegt (DNV-Projekt und H2-SuD), allerdings im allgemein nicht als kritisch erachteten Bereich. Zudem wurde eine Wasserstoffversprödung der Schweißnaht während des Schweißens an druckwasserstoffführenden Demonstratoren bisher nicht beobachtet. Dies liegt u.a. an den mechanischen Eigenschaften der Rohrleitungswerkstoffe (gute Dehnfähigkeit, auch im geschweißten Zustand). T2 - Vortragsreihe des Bezirksverbandes Berlin des Deutschen Verbandes für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren (DVS) e.V. CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.03.2026 KW - Wasserstoff KW - Rohrleitung KW - Schweißen KW - Demonstrator KW - Bauteilprüfung PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65774 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - Ammoniak als Energieträger in Deutschland: Zwischen Sicherheitsanforderungen, Infrastruktur und Akzeptanz N2 - Die Gewährleistung einer sicheren, zuverlässigen und klimaneutralen Energieversorgung stellt eine der zentralen Herausforderungen der kommenden Jahrzehnte dar. Als zentraler Baustein für die Energiewende wird Grüner Wasserstoff gesehen. Allerdings müssen bis zum Hochlauf einer flächendeckenden Wasserstoffinfrastruktur effektive Speicher- und Transportlösungen bereitgestellt werden. Verschiedene Wasserstoff-derivate, insbesondere Ammoniak, Methanol, synthetisches Methan und flüssige organische Wasserstoffträger (LOHCs), können dabei eine tragende Rolle spielen. Aufgrund seiner etablierten globalen Infrastruktur und der vorhandenen industriellen Produktions- und Handelsketten (weltweit über 170 Mio. Tonnen jährlich) stellt Ammoniak, besonders kurzfristig, eine vielversprechende Option für die energetische Nutzung dar. Zusätzlich zeichnet sich Ammoniak durch seine hohe Energiedichte und, im Vergleich zu Wasserstoff, einfache Lager- und Transportfähigkeit aus. Auch langfristig bietet Grüner Ammoniak, insbesondere der in sonnen- und windreichen Regionen aus erneuerbaren Energiequellen erzeugte, das Potenzial für eine wirtschaftliche Produktion und eine vielversprechende Option für künftige Energieimporte. Aufgrund der toxischen Eigenschaften und potenziellen Umweltrisiken sind allerdings umfassende sicherheitstechnische Maßnahmen sowie eindeutige regulatorische Rahmenbedingungen erforderlich. Darüber hinaus gilt es, technologische Herausforderungen zu lösen, die sich in Abhängigkeit von der Nutzung von Ammoniak ergeben. Hierzu zählen unter anderem die Emissionskontrolle bei der direkten Verbrennung von Ammoniak sowie die Verbesserung der Effizienz bei der Rückumwandlung von Ammoniak in Wasserstoff (Ammoniak-Cracking). Vor diesem Hintergrund hat die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) im Rahmen zweier Workshops in Kooperation mit relevanten Stakeholdern aus Behörden, Wirtschaft und aus der Wissenschaft zentrale Handlungsempfehlungen für die Politik abgeleitet, mit dem Ziel, den Einsatz von Ammoniak als Energieträger in Deutschland voranzubringen. Diese Handlungsempfehlungen werden im Beitrag päsentiert und anschließend zur Diskussion gestellt. Zusammenfassend lässt sich festhalten, dass Ammoniak ein vielversprechendes Wasserstoffderivat für die Dekarbonisierung darstellt, sofern politischer Wille und eine klare Strategie den zielgerichteten Ausbau der notwendigen Infrastruktur, die Schaffung regulatorischer Rahmenbedingungen sowie die Förderung technologischer Innovationen vorantreiben. T2 - 1. Berliner Fachtagung Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 24.03.2026 KW - Ammoniak KW - Wasserstoffderivate KW - Energieträger KW - Herausforderungen PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65766 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hartwig, Peter T1 - Sichere Wasserstoffnetze ModuH2Pipe N2 - Der Wasserstofftransport durch Pipelines in Deutschland und Europa ist von zentraler Bedeutung für die zukünftige Energieversorgungssicherheit. Neben dem Neubau einer Wasserstoff-Transportinfrastruktur wird vor allem die kosteneffiziente Umwidmung bestehender Erdgasnetze für den Wasserstofftransport vorangetrieben. Dabei ergeben sich zahlreiche sicherheitstechnische Fragestellungen, insbesondere zur Materialeignung und -kompatibilität, der Zustandsanalyse und -überwachung von Pipelines sowie der Gewährleistung der Gasqualitäten. Die Validierung der wissenschaftlich-technischen Tragfähigkeit der Antworten zu diesen Fragen unter realen Bedingungen ist erforderlich für die erfolgreiche Transformation des Energietransports. Hierzu stellt die BAM eine neue, einzigartige Prüfinfrastruktur vor, die ab Juli 2026 zur Verfügung stehen wird. T2 - 1. Fachtagung für Anlagen- und Prozesstechnik CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 24.03.2026 KW - Wasserstoff KW - ModuH2Pipe KW - Modulare-Testplattform KW - Realmaßstab KW - Wasserstoffkernnetz PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65767 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Askar, Enis T1 - Sicherheitstechnische Eigenschaften von Wasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Gemischen unter Prozessbedingungen der Elektrolyse N2 - Die Bildung von Wasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Gemischen, beispielsweise aufgrund von Cross-Over, Fehlfunktionen oder An- und Abschaltvorgängen, stellt eine für Elektrolyseprozesse ganz spezifische Gefahr dar, die angemessen berücksichtigt werden muss. In dieser Arbeit wurden die Explosionsgrenzen von Wasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Gemischen bei Prozessbedingungen von bis zu 30 bar und 300 °C experimentell bestimmt. Es zeigte sich, dass die vorhandenen experimentellen Daten mithilfe empirischer Ansätze mit guter Genauigkeit interpoliert werden können. Darüber hinaus wurden auch die Explosionsgrenzen unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen mit reduzierter Zündenergie bis hinunter zu 1 mJ bestimmt. Obwohl in der Literatur zu finden ist, dass die Zündenergie von brennbaren Gasen stark ansteigt, wenn die Konzentration von stöchiometrisch in den Bereich nahe den Explosionsgrenzen wechselt, wurde innerhalb des getesteten Zündenergiebereichs für H₂/O₂-Gemische kein signifikanter Einfluss der Gemischkonzentration festgestellt. Schließlich wurde die Zündung an heißen Oberflächen für Gemische mit 6 Mol-% Wasserstoff in Sauerstoff, also leicht oberhalb der Explosionsgrenze, experimentell bei verschiedenen Drücken bis zu 30 bara untersucht. Auch hier wurden nur geringe Abweichungen von den für stöchiometrische Gemische ermittelten Zündtemperaturen festgestellt. Zur Berechnung der Zündtemperaturen wurde ein 0D-Reaktormodell mit adiabatischem, konstantem Volumen verwendet. Das Modell wurde hinsichtlich seiner Vorhersage der Zündtemperaturen von Wasserstoffgemischen bei verschiedenen Drücken getestet. T2 - 1. Berliner Fachtagung Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 24.03.2026 KW - Elektrolyse KW - Explosionsgrenzen KW - Zündenergie KW - Zündtemperatur PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65782 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -