TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - Trust in Hydrogen Technologies - Safety Issues in the Hydrogen Value Chain N2 - In June 2020, updated in July 2023, the German government presented the National Hydrogen Strategy (NHS), its first strategy for achieving the goals of its hydrogen policy. The NHS sets out a coherent framework for action for the future production, transportation and use of hydrogen and its derivatives, including the corresponding research, innovations and investments. Various measures have been defined to achieve goals such as the decarbonization of various sectors and the market introduction of hydrogen technologies. This will ultimately lead to the introduction of many “new” technologies in many areas of our daily lives, which will only be successful if decision-makers and the public are convinced that these technologies are safe. Therefore, the safety of hydrogen technologies is an important pillar in gaining and maintaining confidence in these new technologies. Safety must keep pace with, or better still anticipate, trends in technological development in order to avoid overly conservative and expensive s T2 - 10th World Energy Congress (WEC 2024) CY - Singapore DA - 12.11.2024 KW - Hydrogen Safety KW - Trustworthiness KW - Safety research KW - Accidents PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62174 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Theiler, Geraldine A1 - Halder, Karabi A1 - Balasooriya, Winoj T1 - Effect of high-pressure hydrogen environment on the physical and mechanical properties of elastomers N2 - This paper deals with the exposure of HBNR rubbers to high pressure hydrogen (100 MPa) at 120 °C for 7 and 21 days under static conditions followed by characterization of their physical and mechanical properties. T2 - EHEC European Hydrogen Energy Conference 2022 CY - Madrid, Spain DA - 18.05.2022 KW - Rubbers KW - Hydrogen KW - Characterization PY - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-62085 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harwege, Finn T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquefied hydrogen storage tanks N2 - For the future use of liquefied hydrogen (LH2) as a green energy carrier, new concepts for storage tanks and in particular their insulation are necessary. The methodology applied in current LH2 tanks has some disadvantages while manufacturing and operation of large tanks that may be required in the future. While liquefied natural gas tanks exist in the necessary capacities, they are incompatible with LH2 due to its significantly lower storage temperature. In this paper, the possibility of using vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) as an alternative to the conventional double walled, powder filled vacuum insulation is presented. The two systems are introduced and compared on a conceptual level with a focus on the loss of vacuum failure mode. Furthermore, a test rig that enables the testing and quantification of thermal properties of VIP based insulations in ordinary and loss of vacuum conditions is presented. The test rig is a boil-off calorimeter using liquefied nitrogen and features a square cold surface with a side length of 2 m. An overview over the planned testing and its goals is given. T2 - 18th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 08.06.2025 KW - Liquefied Hydrogen KW - LH2 KW - Cryogenics KW - Vacuum KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63426 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Böttcher, Nils T1 - Nominal and Off-Nominal Battery / High Energy Storage Testing Off-Nominal cell and battery testing at BAM N2 - The abuse testing of electrochemical energy storage systems poses a major safety challenge. Thanks to its core competence in ensuring safety in technology and chemistry, BAM has the capabilities to carry out safety tests from small to large scale. Tests up to approx. 200Wh (lithium-ion batteries) can be carried out in the cell test center and abuse tests up to 20kWh are possible in the open field test on the TTS. T2 - Europe Energy Storage Safety Summit CY - Petten, Netherlands DA - 08.10.2024 KW - Battery Safety KW - Abuse testing KW - Lithium-ion batteries KW - Safety critical tests PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62321 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - Markthochlauf von Wasserstofftechnologien - Vertrauen durch Sicherheit N2 - Beim BAM-UBA-Behördenerfahrungsaustausch 2022 hat die BAM zu dem Schwerpunktthema Wasserstoff den von der Bundesregierung avisierten Markthochlauf und das Thema Vertrauen durch Sicherheit vorgestellt. Dabei wurde das Kompetenzzentrum H2Safety mit seinen derzeitigen Aktivitäten ebenso vorgestellt wie sicherheitstechnische Fragestellungen, die über die Wertschöpfungskette hinweg derzeit existieren. Dabei handelt es sich um Fragestellungen zur Materialeignung und -kompatibilität, Leckageüberwachung, Schutzkonzepte und Unfallszenarien. Darüber hinaus gibt es Themen, die keinen direkten Bezug zur Sicherheit haben, aber das Vertaruen in Wasserstofftechnologien deutlich fördern können. Neben Aus- und Weiterbildungskonzepten wurden auch die Themen Akzeptanz und Risikokommunikation sowie Normung und Standardisierung behandelt. T2 - BAM-UBA-Behördenerfahrungsaustausch 2022 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 27.06.2022 KW - H2Safety@BAM KW - Markthochlauf KW - Vertrauen PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55138 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harwege, Finn T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquid hydrogen storage tanks N2 - Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) based insulation could present an alternative to the common double walled vacuum insulation for large liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks. In this paper a brief introduction on VIPs and the envisioned design of VIP-based LH2-tank insulation is given. The design of a flat plate boil-off calorimeter for the testing of the insulation concept is shown, with regard to thermal design, mechanical design and instrumentation. Finally, an overview over the particular challenges for modelling VIP-based insulation and the proposed testing to be performed on the test rig is presented. T2 - 18th Cryogenics IIR International Conference CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 07.04.2025 KW - Liquefied Hydrogen KW - Insulation KW - Calorimeter KW - LH2 KW - VIP KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62988 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Anita T1 - Neues Klassifizierungssystem für Lithiumbatterien N2 - Um Lithiumbatterien sicherer aber gleichzeitig auch dem Gefährdungszustand angemessener und damit wirtschaftlich effizienter transportieren zu können, wird aktuell bei UN ein Klassifizierungssystem nach Gefährlichkeit ausgearbeitet. Als eine der intensiv mitarbeitenden zuständigen Behörden weltweit hat die BAM zahlreiche Untersuchungen selbst durchgeführt und arbeitet an Lösungsansätzen mit. T2 - Gefahrguttag des BMDV im Rahmen der IAA CY - Hannover, Germany DA - 19.09.2024 KW - Lithiumbatterien KW - Klassifizierung KW - Gefahrguttransport KW - Gefährlichkeit PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62326 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - New concepts in liquid hydrogen storage N2 - On the way to the energy transition, cryogenic fluids such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) are very important. They enable the large-scale economic transport and storage of energy as well as they represent alternative fuels for energy-intensive mobile applications such as aircrafts, ships and HGVs. For the last one, the number of vehicles and fuel stations has increased rapidly in the last 10 years all over Europe. Does this also entail new risks, for instance from a BLEVE in case of fires? To answer this question, BAM has conducted several research projects over the last decades and intensified the research recently with several experimental, numerical, and empirical outcomes on how a tank with insulation behaves in a fire. The presentation shows an overview of this research. The findings are relevant for global standardization procedures and to improve the overall safety in chemistry and technics. T2 - Hydrogen Refueling Station Opening CY - Baruth/Mark, Germany DA - 03.07.2025 KW - LH2 KW - Insulation KW - Fire KW - LNG KW - Safety PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63628 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Nattuveettil, Keerthana T1 - Hydrogen safety- Dealing with Closed Spaces N2 - This work focuses on the detection and monitoring of hydrogen concentration in closed spaces, to improve safety by developing a sensor network-based leak detection system. This will help in prevention of accumulation of hazardous mixtures. Furthermore, the study details the implementation of a hydrogen sensor network within a container, analysing sensor placement, data collection, and safety improvements. T2 - SMSI 2025 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 06.05.2025 KW - Sensor Network KW - Hydrogen safety KW - QI-Digital PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63199 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Hydrogen sensing - Sensors for safety and process control in Hydrogentechnologies N2 - The success of this energy transition and the efficient utilization of green hydrogen as a pristine energy carrier hinge upon the cultivation of hydrogen readiness, swift market expansion, and the establishment of crucial value chains within national and European contexts. Paramount to these objectives are reliable quality and safety standards, essential for ensuring supply safety, environmental compatibility, and instilling confidence in these technologies. In the realm of safety management systems, gas sensors emerge as vital components for detecting hydrogen. This presentation delves into the imperative role of hydrogen systems, emphasizing their capability to monitor and control operations, issue warnings, signal hazardous conditions, and sound alarms. It explores the intricate landscape of functional safety considerations and addresses the challenges associated with measurement uncertainty in sensor testing. A diverse array of sensors catering to hydrogen, pressure, temperature, and flow are available, each contributing significantly to the safety and efficiency of hydrogen technologies. Applications are envisaged to adhere meticulously to quality infrastructural regulations, codes, and standards, ensuring seamless integration and operation within the broader hydrogen ecosystem. This discussion underscores the ubiquitous presence of sensor systems across various fields within hydrogen technologies, illustrating their multifaceted contributions to safety, reliability, and overall success in realizing the transformative potential of green hydrogen. T2 - Joint European Summer School 2023 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies CY - Vravrona, Greece DA - 17.09.2023 KW - H2Safety@BAM KW - SensRef KW - Hydrogen KW - KICstartH2 KW - Gas detection KW - Sensor testing KW - Hydrogen gas sensor PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59228 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Heßmann, Jennifer A1 - Werner, Jan A1 - Scarponi, Giordano Emrys A1 - Cozzani, Valerio A1 - Otremba, Frank T1 - Investigation of Realistic Fire Scenarios Involving Cryogenic Storage Tanks N2 - The number of vehicles using or transporting cryogenic fuels such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) increases fast in the land transportation sector. Does this also entail new risks for instance from a BLEVE? A key to answer this question is to research representative fires by its characterization and its effect on the insulation. At BAM’s technical test side in Germany, a test series was started to answer this question among others. This paper presents results on a pool fire under a colorimeter, that simulates a tank. The investigation points out, that the full fire characterization approach allows to represent the fire. The findings are relevant for the investigation of a representative design fire that is applicable for the approval and improvement of tanks as well as to research accident scenarios and their consequences. T2 - Loss Prevention 2025 CY - Bologna, Italien DA - 09.06.2025 KW - LH2 KW - LNG KW - Fire KW - Tank KW - Safety PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET25116031 SN - 2283-9216 IS - 116 SP - 181 EP - 186 PB - AIDIC AN - OPUS4-63738 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Error Prevention, Damage Prevention, and Safety Management in Hydrogen Technologies N2 - In order to integrate the error prevention and damage prevention strategy into hydrogen technologies, it is important to proactively look out for potential weaknesses in the systems and processes. This includes the implementation of preventive measures as elements of safety management in order to identify and eliminate potential sources of error. In addition, training should be specifically focussed on avoiding errors and the safe use of hydrogen technologies. The principial approach of a gas sensor testing laboratory shows how to ensure reliable results, it is advisable to conduct sensor testing under controlled conditions, focusing on identifying specific properties and quantifying performance criteria. A well thought-out strategy for error prevention makes a significant contribution to preventing accidents and increasing overall safety when using hydrogen. T2 - 5th Germany-Korea Hydrogen Conference CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 22.10.2024 KW - Hydrogen KW - Safety KW - Safety Management KW - Error Prevention KW - Reference Procedure PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62563 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Maiwald, Michael A1 - Schukar, Marcus T1 - Beiträge der Prozessanalytik und Sensorik zur Sicherheit in Wasserstofftechnologien N2 - Intelligent sensor systems, certified reference materials and instrumental analytical-chemical methods contribute to safety and functionality in hydrogen technologies. This article gives a brief overview of SensRef activities in the Competence Centre H2Safety@BAM on the issues: Analytical methods for the determination of hydrogen purity, certified reference materials as measurement standards with regard to gas quality (primary calibrators) of BAM, test methods for gas sensor systems to detect hydrogen in air as well as the application of fibre-optic sensor systems to monitor the expansion and ageing behaviour of composite containers in hydrogen technologies. T2 - Berlin Brandenburger Optik-Tag "Einsatz von Sensorik und Mikroelektronik in der Wasserstoffwirtschaft" CY - Online meeting DA - 29.11.2021 KW - H2Safety@BAM KW - SensRef KW - Gas analysis KW - Gas purity KW - Fibre-optic sensors KW - Sensor response KW - Certified reference materials PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54138 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Introduction of H2Safety@BAM N2 - This contribution for the Open Forum of the 8th HSN Symposium introduces the SensRef activities of the Competence Centre H2Safety@BAM. T2 - 8. HSN-Symposium - HybridSensorNet e. V. CY - Online meeting DA - 11.11.2021 KW - H2Safety@BAM KW - SensRef KW - Hydrogen PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54137 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Theiler, Geraldine T1 - Effect of hydrogen pressure on the fretting behavior of elastomers N2 - In this study, the fretting behavior of several elastomer materials against 316L were evaluated in air and hydrogen environment up to 10 MPa. Furthermore, aging experiments were conducted for 7 days under static conditions in 100 MPa hydrogen and the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber materials were examined before and after hydrogen exposure. Fretting tests revealed that the wear of these compounds is significantly affected by the hydrogen environment compared to air, especially with NBR grades. After aging experiment, the friction response of HNBR grades is characterized by increased adhesion due to elastic deformation, leading to partial slip. T2 - 4th Int. Conf. on Polymer Tribology, PolyTrib 2022 CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 05.12.2022 KW - Hydrogen KW - Fretting KW - Elastomers PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-62006 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Hydrogen Sensing - Sensors for Safety and Process Control in Hydrogen Technologies N2 - The success of this energy transition and the efficient utilization of green hydrogen as a pristine energy carrier hinge upon the cultivation of hydrogen readiness, swift market expansion, and the establishment of crucial value chains within national and European contexts. Paramount to these objectives are reliable quality and safety standards, essential for ensuring supply safety, environmental compatibility, and instilling confidence in these technologies. In the realm of safety management systems, gas sensors emerge as vital components for detecting hydrogen. This presentation delves into the imperative role of hydrogen systems, emphasizing their capability to monitor and control operations, issue warnings, signal hazardous conditions, and sound alarms. It explores the intricate landscape of functional safety considerations and addresses the challenges associated with measurement uncertainty in sensor testing. A diverse array of sensors catering to hydrogen, pressure, temperature, and flow are available, each contributing significantly to the safety and efficiency of hydrogen technologies. Applications are envisaged to adhere meticulously to quality infrastructural regulations, codes, and standards, ensuring seamless integration and operation within the broader hydrogen ecosystem. This discussion underscores the ubiquitous presence of sensor systems across various fields within hydrogen technologies, illustrating their multifaceted contributions to safety, reliability, and overall success in realizing the transformative potential of green hydrogen. T2 - Joint European Summer School JESS 2024 CY - Vravrona, Greece DA - 16.09.2024 KW - H2Safety@BAM KW - Hydrogen KW - Sensor KW - Sensor technology KW - Safety KW - Process control PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61677 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Theiler, Geraldine T1 - Toward sustainable and hydrogen compatible sealing materials N2 - As sealing components, polymeric materials are used in a wide range of applications e.g. as O-rings and piston rings in high-pressure and/or cryogenic hydrogen. For these extreme demanding application, PTFE or PPS based materials are often used as high-performance polymer matrix. This project aims to provide a safe and sustainable sealing solutions for hydrogen applications. New materials with improved sustainability were investigated and compared with conventional grades. Tests were performed in hydrogen over a wide range of temperature and pressure (0.1 MPa to 40 MPa, and 100°C down to -150°C) at Kyushu University and BAM using a pin-on-disk apparatus in a continuous sliding motion. Polymer samples ran against 316L disk at 0.5 m/s and 3 MPa contact pressure. Based on the tribological results and surface analyses, promising candidates are suggested along with friction mechanisms in both high-pressure and low temperature hydrogen. T2 - STLE Meeting CY - Atlanta, Georgia, USA DA - 18.05.2025 KW - Hydrogen KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - Piston ring KW - Reciprocating seals PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63809 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bock, Robert T1 - Introduction Living Lab Hydrogen Refueling Station N2 - Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) forscht und prüft für Sicherheit in Technik und Chemie an drei Standorten in Berlin, sowie auf dem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit in Horstwalde in Brandenburg. Hier haben wir weitreichende Möglichkeiten, Großversuche im Realmaßstab durchzuführen. Besonderes Augenmerk richten wir heute auf das Reallabor Wasserstofftankstelle. Diese voll digitalisierte technische Anlage, die die Wertschöpfungskette von Wasserstoff abbildet, wurde gerade eröffnet und steht nun Partnern aus Industrie und Forschung sowie kleinen mittelständischen Unternehmen oder Start-Ups zum gemeinsamen Forschen und Erproben neuer Technologie zur Verfügung. Ihre Besonderheiten umfassen z.B. eine umfassende Prozessüberwachung nach Industrie 4.0, die dafür nötige IT/OT Infrastruktur, Digitale Zwillinge auf verschiedenen Ebenen, großflächige Aufstellung und baulicher Schutz, Gas-Probenahmestellen auf dem Weg durch die Anlage und H2-Sensornetzwerke zur frühzeitigen Erfassung und Ortung von Leckagen. T2 - Sonderkolloquium H2safety@BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.11.2025 KW - Wasserstoff KW - Reallabor KW - Digitalisierung PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64699 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Melzer, Michael T1 - Sensors for safety and process control in hydrogen technologies - Part II - Seminar about the expression of uncertainty in measurement N2 - The determination of the measurement uncertainty of quantitative and qualitative results is an important quality management tool, for example to describe measuring equipment, procedures, measurement results and the quality of products. The lecture presents the process description for the determination of the measurement uncertainty according to GUM, the determination of uncertainties in qualitative measurement results and the application of the measurement uncertainty for conformity assessment. T2 - Joint European Summer School 2021 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies CY - Online meeting DA - 12.09.2021 KW - Quality management tool KW - Measurement uncertainty KW - Quantiative results KW - Qualitative results KW - Conformity assessment PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54132 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Sensors for safety and process control in hydrogen technologies N2 - Sensor systems are widely used in hydrogen technologies. The lecture presents requirements and properties of sensor systems and shows application examples of these technologies for safety and process control for hydrogen technologies. The focus is on gas sensors as well as sensors for pressure, temperature and gas flow. These systems are applied, among other things, for monitoring and control of operating conditions, indication of hazardous conditions and triggering of alarms. T2 - Joint European Summer School 2021 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies CY - Online meeting DA - 12.09.2021 KW - Sensor KW - Safety KW - Process control KW - Hydrogen technologies PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54131 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -