TY - CONF A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Haamkens, Frank A1 - Linde, O. T1 - Untersuchungen an Beton mit Hausmüllverbrennungsasche als Gesteinskörnung N2 - Hausmüllverbrennungsasche soll aufgrund ihrer chemisch-mineralogischen Eigenschaften als Gesteinskörnung zur Herstellung von Normalbetonen eingesetzt werden. Durch Bestandteile, wie Chloride, metallisches Aluminium und Altglasfragmente, entstehen aber in kürzester Zeit beträchtliche Betonschäden. Durch zusätzliche mechanische, chemische oder thermische Aufbereitungsschritte können diese betonschädigenden Inhaltsstoffe minimiert werden. Dadurch lässt sich die Qualität der Asche soweit verbessern, dass sie gut zur Betonherstellung verwendbar ist. T2 - GDCh-Fachtagung Bauchemie CY - Siegen, Germany DA - 27.09.2007 KW - Normalbeton KW - Chloride KW - Aluminium KW - Altglasfragmente KW - Betonschäden PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-36506 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - THES A1 - Schempp, Philipp T1 - Grain refinement in aluminium GTA welds N2 - Grain refinement is an important opportunity to improve mechanical properties of fusion welds and the weldability (cracking sensitivity) of the base metal. In this thesis, grain refinement was achieved for aluminium welds by additions of a grain refiner. For this purpose, inserts consisting of aluminium base metal and small additions of commercial Al Ti5B1 grain refiner were cast, deposited in base metal plates, and fused in a gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding process. As a result, higher grain refiner additions increased the weld’s titanium and boron content resulting in a significant decrease in the weld metal mean grain size up to 86%. This grain size reduction led to a transition from predominantly columnar to equiaxed grain shape (columnar to equiaxed transition CET). The grain refinement was thereby found to be strongly dependent upon the base metal chemical composition. Accordingly, the grain refining efficiency was the highest in commercial pure Al (Alloy 1050A, Al 99.5), followed by Alloy 6082 (Al Si1MgMn) and Alloy 5083 (Al Mg4.5Mn0.7). In this regard, the parameters P and Q were applied to investigate the influence of alloying elements on the supply of constitutional undercooling during solidification and on final grain size. Also, WDS (wavelength dispersive x-ray spectroscopy) and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) analysis found an increasing number of particles rich in Ti and B. These substrates are probably TiB2 particles coated by Al3Ti likely nucleating Al grains during solidification. The variation in torch speed showed that increasing torch speeds support the CET effect leading to many small and equiaxed grains at high torch speed. To give explanations for this observation, the thermal conditions, that are controlled by welding parameters such as torch speed, were determined with temperature measurements via thermocouples. These measurements revealed that solidification parameters like solidification growth rate, cooling rate, (local) thermal gradient and solidification time vary significantly along the solidification front (from weld centreline to weld fusion line). In a further step, the solidification parameters were related to the corresponding grain size and shape. On the basis of this comparison, an analytical approach was used to model the CET. This allowed the prediction of critical values for both solidification growth rate and thermal gradient, at which the CET occurs in aluminium weld metal. The influence of grain refinement on the weld mechanical properties was investigated in tensile tests. Accordingly, the ductility of Alloy 5083 welds was increased through grain refinement whereas no improvement in weld metal strength was observed. Furthermore, tear tests with notched specimens revealed for Alloy 1050A that the resistance against initiation and propagation of cracks in the weld metal can be enhanced through grain refinement. In addition, when welding Alloy 6082, weld metal grain refinement prevented the formation of centreline solidification cracking that was present only in welds with unrefined grain structure. On the basis of the above experiments, the Ti/B contents needed in commercial filler wires or rods to allow optimum weld metal grain refinement were estimated. Accordingly, this work gives specific recommendations to filler material producers through a simple calculation that considers the influence of base alloy and welding process. The results show that the Ti/B contents defined by the corresponding standards for filler alloys are too low to allow weld metal grain refinement. T3 - BAM Dissertationsreihe - 111 KW - Aluminium KW - Kornfeinung KW - WIG-Schweißen PY - 2013 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-477 SN - 978-3-9815944-4-7 SN - 1613-4249 VL - 111 SP - 1 EP - 121 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-47 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bachmann, Marcel A1 - Avilov, Vjaceslav A1 - Gumenyuk, Andrey A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - Numerical assessment and experimental verification of the influence of the Hartmann effect in laser beam welding processes by steady magnetic fields N2 - Controlling the dynamics in the weld pool is a highly demanding challenge in deep-penetration laser beam welding with modern high power laser systems in the multi kilowatt range. An approach to insert braking forces in the melt which is successfully used in large-scaled industrial applications like casting is the so-called Hartmann effect due to externally applied magnetic fields. Therefore, this study deals with its adaptation to a laser beam welding process of much smaller geometric and time scale. In this paper, the contactless mitigation of fluid dynamic processes in the melt by steady magnetic fields was investigated by numerical simulation for partial penetration welding of aluminium. Three-dimensional heat transfer, fluid dynamics including phase transition and electromagnetic field partial differential equations were solved based on temperature-dependent material properties up to evaporation temperature for two different penetration depths of the laser beam. The Marangoni convection in the surface region of the weld pool and the natural convection due to the gravitational forces were identified as main driving forces in the weld pool. Furthermore, the latent heat of solide-liquid phase transition was taken into account and the solidification was modelled by the Carman-Kozeny equation for porous medium morphology. The results show that a characteristic change of the flow pattern in the melt can be achieved by the applied steady magnetic fields depending on the ratio of magnetic induced and viscous drag. Consequently, the weld bead geometry was significantly influenced by the developing Lorentz forces. Welding experiments with a 16 kW disc laser with an applied magnetic flux density of around 500 mT support the numerical results by showing a dissipating effect on the weld pool dynamics. KW - Electromagnetic weld pool control KW - Hartmann effect KW - Laser beam weliding KW - Lorentz force KW - Marangoni flow KW - Natural convection KW - Aluminium PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.10.030 SN - 1290-0729 VL - 101 SP - 24 EP - 34 PB - Elsevier CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-35034 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Thoralf T1 - Untersuchung des Einflusses von eisenhaltigen Schleifmitteln auf die Korrosion bei der Aluminiumbearbeitung N2 - Der Vortrag umfasst die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsvorhabens zum Thema Untersuchung des Einflusses von eisenhaltigen Schleifmitteln auf die Korrosion bei der Aluminiumbearbeitung. T2 - Jahrestagung 2016 der Forschungsgemeinschaft Schleiftechnik e.V. CY - Würzburg, Germany DA - 14.04.2016 KW - Passivität KW - Aluminium KW - Schleifmittel KW - Korrosion KW - Eisen PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-35757 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Thoralf T1 - Untersuchung des Einflusses von eisenhaltigen Schleifmitteln auf die Korrosion bei der Aluminiumbearbeitung N2 - Untersuchung des Einflusses von eisenhaltigen Schleifmitteln auf die Korrosion bei der Aluminiumbearbeitung T2 - Arbeitskries der GfKorr "Korrosionsuntersuchung und -überwachung" CY - Neustadt-Glewe, Germany DA - 13.10.2016 KW - Korrosion KW - Schleifmittel KW - Aluminium PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-37825 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Cabeza, Sandra T1 - Characterization of multiphase metal matrix composites by means of CT and neutron diffraction N2 - The present study examines the relationship between the microstructure of multiphase MMC and their damage mechanisms. The matrix AlSi12CuMgNi was combined with 15% vol. Al2O3 (short fibres) and with 7% vol. Al2O3 + 15% vol. SiC (short fibres and whiskers, respectively). The experimental approach encompasses 3D microstructure characterization by means of computed tomography of samples (a) as-received, (b) after heat treatment, and (c) after compression tests at room temperature. The volume fraction of different phases, their distribution, their orientation and the presence of defects and damage are studied. Influence of addition of SiC whiskers on mechanical properties of composite was investigated. Phase-specific load partition analysis for samples with fibre plane parallel to load was perform by using neutron diffraction measurements during in-situ compression. It shows damage in the Si phase, while Al2O3 short fibres carry load without damage until failure. The computed tomography observations confirm the load partition analysis. T2 - World Non Destructive Testing CY - München, Germany DA - 11.06.2016 KW - CT KW - Neutron diffraction KW - Aluminium KW - Composite PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38395 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meschut, G. A1 - Janzen, V. A1 - Rethmeier, Michael A1 - Gumenyuk, Andrey A1 - Frei, J. T1 - Charakterisierung des Bruch- und Festigkeits verhaltens von widerstandspunktgeschweißten Aluminiumverbindungen N2 - Die Reduktion des Fahrzeuggewichts ist ein wesentlicher Ansatz zur Ver-ringerung des Energie- und Ressourcenverbrauchs und damit zur Senkung der CO2-Emissionen im Automobilbau. In der Karosserieentwicklung kann der vermehrte Einsatz von Aluminiumwerkstoffen einen bedeutenden Beitrag dazu leisten. Im preissensitiven Umfeld des Karosseriebaus etabliert sich das bei Stahlanwendungen genutzte Widerstandspunktschweißen zunehmend auch für Aluminiumverbindungen. Verfahrensbedingte Herausforderungen, wie verkürzte Elektrodenstandzeiten und mangelnde Kenntnis über den Einfluss von Imperfektionen auf die Festigkeit, begrenzen dennoch die Weiterverbreitung des Verfahrens und stellen die Prozessrobustheit insgesamt in Frage. Im Rahmen des hier vorgestellten Forschungsvorhabens wurden das Auftreten verschiedener Brucharten experimentell untersucht und Prognosefunktionen zur Abschätzung der Tragfähigkeit von Widerstandspunktschweißverbindungen unter verschiedenen Belastungsfällen erstellt. Anschließend wurde der Einfluss von Oberflächenrissen und Rissen in der Schweißlinse auf die Scherzugfestigkeit sowohl experimentell als auch simulativ analysiert. KW - Aluminium KW - Widerstandspressschweißen KW - Rissbildung KW - Festigkeit KW - Werkstofffragen PY - 2017 UR - http://www.schweissenundschneiden.de/article/charakterisierung-des-bruch-und-festigkeitsverhaltens-von-widerstandspunktgeschweissten-aluminiumverbindungen/ VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 126 EP - 133 PB - DVS Media GmbH AN - OPUS4-39577 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rockenhäuser, Christian T1 - Ageing process of alloy 2618A N2 - The ageing process of alloy 2618A due to the coarsening of the hardening phase (S-phase) is presented and discussed. T2 - Arbeitskreissitzung Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 19.10.2017 KW - Aluminium KW - Degradation KW - Dark-field transmission electron microscopy (DFTEM) KW - S-phase KW - Coarsening PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42621 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Thoralf T1 - Untersuchungen des Einflusses von eisenhaltigen Schleifmitteln auf die Korrosion bei der Aluminiumverarbeitung N2 - Der Vortrag umfasst die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsvorhabens zum Thema Untersuchung des Einflusses von eisenhaltigen Schleifmitteln auf die Korrosion bei der Aluminiumbearbeitung. T2 - GfKorr-Arbeitsgruppe "Kontaktkorrosion" CY - Grevenbroich, Germany DA - 25.09.2018 KW - Korrosion KW - Bimetallkorrosion KW - Aluminium KW - Eisenoxid PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46079 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rockenhäuser, Christian A1 - Augenstein, E. A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit T1 - Long term ageing of alloy 2618A N2 - The result of an Investigation of the "Long term ageing of alloy 2618A" are discussed. T2 - International Conference on Aluminium Alloys 16 CY - Montreal, Canada DA - 17.06.2018 KW - Alloy 2818A KW - Aluminium KW - Coarsening KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - S-phase PY - 2018 SP - Paper 400101 AN - OPUS4-45287 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -