TY - CONF A1 - Blaeß, Carsten T1 - Sintering ability of fluoride-containing bioactive glass powder N2 - Sintered bioactive glass scaffolds of defined shape and porosity, e.g. made via additive manufacturing, must provide sufficient bioactivity and sinterability. As higher bioactivity is often linked to high corrosion and crystallization tendency, a certain compromise between sintering ability and bioactivity is therefore required. Groh et al. developed a fluoride-containing bioactive glass (F3), which allows fiber drawing and shows a bioactivity well comparable to that of Bioglass®45S5. To study whether and to what extent the sinterability of F3 glass powder is controlled by particle size, coarse and fine F3 glass powders (300-310µm and 0-32µm) were prepared by crushing, sieving and milling. Sintering, degassing and phase transformation during heating were studied with heating microscopy, vacuum hot extraction (VHE), DTA, XRD, and SEM. For the coarse glass powder, sintering proceeds slowly and is limited by surface crystallization of primary Na2CaSi2O6 crystals. Although the crystallization onset of Na2CaSi2O6 is shifted to lower temperature, full densification is attained for the fine powder. This finding indicate that certain porosity might be tuned via particle size variation. Above 900°C, intensive foaming is evident for the fine powder. VHE studies revealed that carbon species are the main foaming source. T2 - 92. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Bayreuth, Germany DA - 28.05.2018 KW - Sintering KW - Bioactive glass KW - Crystallization PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45568 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Koerdt, Andrea T1 - Microbial corrosion of iron coupled to methanogenesis by strains from different environments N2 - Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) of iron is usually attributed to sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) which act upon the metal by the reactiveness of hydrogen sulfide, and by withdrawal of the available electrons (Fe → Fe²⁺ + 2e⁻ ; E° = 0.47 V) in electrical contact through surface attachment. Also methanogenic archaea are supposed to cause MIC. Because they do not produce hydrogen sulfide, withdrawal of electrons may be their main corrosive mechanism; however, mechanistic details and kinetics of the overall process are poorly understood. Precipitation of siderite (4Fe + 5HCO₃⁻ + 5H⁺ → 4FeCO₃ + CH₄ + 3H₂O) can lead to an insulating layer on the metal surface and lower the corrosion rate. Still, the extent of FeCO₃ precipitation may be significantly influenced by environmental conditions such as pH and advective processes. To investigate the corrosive potential of methanogens, we studied strains isolated from marine sediments (Methanococcus maripaludis 14266, 2067, Methanobacterium-affiliated strain IM1), crude oil tanks (Methanococcus maripaludis Mic1c10, KA1) and the oral cavity (Methanobrevibacter oralis) in a closed (batch) culture, and in a sand-packed flow-through cell with pH control and simulation of a fluctuating environment. Results indicate that the rates of iron corrosion due to coupled methanogenesis (up to 0.3 mm/yr) are comparable to that caused by SRM. Surface analyses of the metal showed severe pitting. Such knowledge and deeper understanding also from an electrokinetic point of view may not only provide further models in microbial electrophysiology, but also contribute to mitigation strategies in MIC. T2 - ISME 17th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology CY - Leipzig, Germany DA - 12.08.2018 KW - Corrosion KW - Methanogens KW - Biofilm KW - Flow-System KW - Iron PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45735 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Orlov, Nikolai A1 - Milkin, P. A1 - Evdokimov, P A1 - Putlayev, V. A1 - Günster, Jens A1 - Nicolaides, Dagmar T1 - Bioceramics from Ca3(PO4)2 - CaKPO4 - CaNaPO4 system for bone replacement and grafting N2 - Biomaterials for bone replacement and grafting should possess sufficient strength, be bioresorbable and demonstrate osteoconductivity/osteoinductivity. Nowadays, hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) are the most widespread ceramics for bone grafting at the market, however, their resorption is reported, in some cases, to be not enough. This is why the search for more soluble ceramics compared to HA and TCP looks rather viable. A possible way to increase ceramics solubility leads to partial substitution of Ca2+-ions in Ca3(PO4)2 by alkali castions, like Na+ or/and K+. Improvement of solubility stems from decreasing lattice energy of a substituted phase, as well as increase in hydration energy of the ions releasing from the phase to ambient solution. From this viewpoint, bioceramics based on compositions from Ca3(PO4)2 - CaKPO4 - CaNaPO4 ternary system seems to be prospective for bone replacement and grafting in sense of resorption properties. At the same time, one should bear in mind that solubility level (resorbability) is governed not only by reduction of lattice energy, but also by microstructure features. Grain sizes and porosity contribute much to dissolution rate making study of sintering of aforementioned ceramics highly important. T2 - Biomaterials and Novel Technologies for Healthcare, 2nd International Biennial Conference BioMaH CY - Frascati (Rome), Italy DA - 08.10.2018 KW - Bio Ceramics KW - Bioresorbable PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46035 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kleinbub, Sherin T1 - Investigation of the corrosion potential by oral microorganisms related to periodontitis and peri-implantitis N2 - Since the early 19th century microorganisms were studied on their capabilities of causing microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of metals. The most studied ones are sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), but others can corrode metals as well, e.g. acid-producing bacteria or methanogenic archaea (MA). However, these studies were mostly focused on metals related to the petroleum industry but metals for other industries, e.g. dentistry, are also susceptible to corrosion. The inert Titanium (Ti) is often used as an implant material, but it is a base metal. The formation of a passivating oxide layer allows Ti to be corrosion resistant at normal conditions. Nonetheless, scanning electron microscope images on dental implants from patients with acute peri-implantitis showed clear signs of corrosion. Currently, the corrosion mechanism of dental implants is unknown, but many indications suggest that oral microorganisms, including MA (Methanobrevibacter oralis) and SRB (Desulfomicrobium orale), could be involved. To determine if MA or SRB can corrode Ti (pure Ti or Ti-6Al-4V alloy), corrosion rate, methane and sulfide concentrations were analyzed. Electrical potential measurements using in-house developed electrochemical cells indicated a potential change on Ti in the presence of a corrosive MA strain compared to an abiotic control. Microbial composition comparison will be analyzed using samples from dental pockets of 150 infected patients by considering the quality of the implant and 50 healthy people by means of amplicon sequencing. Enrichments and isolation of pure cultures from the dentals samples are also examined for their corrosion behavior. Overall, this is the first study investigating the susceptibility of dental implant material to corrosion using human related MA. T2 - Annual Conference of the Association for General and Applied Microbiology CY - Mainz, Germany DA - 17.03.2019 KW - Methanogens KW - Microbiologically Influrenced Corrosion (MIC) KW - Biofilm PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47600 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Aristia, Gabriela T1 - SiO2-haltige organische Beschichtung für geothermische Anwendungen N2 - Geothermieanlage werden teilweise unter extremen Bedingungen mit sehr salzhaltigen Wässern betrieben. Obwohl C-Stahl häufig für die Konstruktion verwendet wird, ist er in einem Hoch-temperatur- und Hochdrucksystem anfällig für gleichmäßige und örtliche Korrosion. Daher soll ein Beschichtungssystem den C-Stahl schützen. Schlussverfolgung Es ist notwendig, die optimale SiO2-Zugabe zur organischen Beschichtung zu untersuchen, damit deren Eigenschaften, wie z.B. Haftfestigkeit, optimale Schichtdicke, und Temperaturbeständigkeit, verbessert werden. Das derzeitige Projekt zielt auf die Zugabe von Polyanilin (PANi) als Wirkstoff zur Verbesserung der Schichteigenschaften für die Erhöhung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit des Systems in stark salzhaltigen Medien bei höheren Temperaturen. T2 - GfKORR Jahrestagung CY - Frankfurt/Main, Germany DA - 07.11.2017 KW - Geothermie KW - Beschichtung KW - Korrosion PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43361 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Aristia, Gabriela T1 - SiO2-containing organic coatings for geothermal application N2 - Geothermal brine is considered to be an aggressive environment as it contains various dissolved salts. Even though carbon steel is commonly used as a construction material due to its machinability and economical reason, it is susceptible to uniform and localized corrosion in a high temperature and high pressure system. Therefore, a coating system is introduced to protect the carbon steel against corrosion in such environment. -It is necessary to find the optimum composition of SiO2 addition in the organic coatings to enhance the material performance, i.e. coatings adhesion, thickness optimization, thermal resistance. Current project aims at the addition of Polyaniline (PANi) as the active agent to improve the corrosion resistance of materials against a high saline medium at elevated temperatures. T2 - BAM PhD Day CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 21.09.2017 KW - Geothermal KW - Corrosion KW - Coating PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43362 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Koerdt, Andrea T1 - Methanogenic Archaea N2 - Different environmental samples reveal that methanogenic Archaea are part of a multi-species biofilm on corroding metallic structures. Studies on microbial influenced corrosion (MIC) focus mainly on sulphate reducing Bacteria (SRB), leading to the assumption that they are exclusively responsible for metal corrosion. In fact, methanogenic Archaea are known to be involved in metal corrosion as well (e.g. Methanococcus maripaludis DSM 2067). In some cases SRB and methanogenic Archaea have comparable high corrosion rates. However, the underlying mechanisms causing corrosion are still unknown. The goal of this study is to develop suitable methods for analyzing two environmental isolates (M. maripaludis DSM 2067, M. maripaludis KA1) and two human-related isolates (Methanobrevibacter oralis and Methanobrevibacter smithii) for their ability to deteriorate/transform metals, which are relevant for technical and clinical applications. Moreover, the studies will provide essential information on the interaction mechanisms of human-related Archaea, which are frequently found in peri-implantitis, with dental material such as implants, crowns and bridges leading to their degradation and transformation. T2 - DECHEMA-GfKORR-Fachgruppe CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.10.2017 KW - Biofilm KW - Corrosion KW - Methanogens PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43025 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dimper, Matthias A1 - Hampel, Marco T1 - Multielectrode array probes for early detection of corrosion processes N2 - Multielectrodes are arrays of single electrodes arranged in a particular geometry. In our work, all the single electrodes are identical stainless steel X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) wire electrodes. Using a multielectrode analyser all single electrodes are connected via zero resistance ammeters, simulating a galvanically coupled single electrode surface. The advantage of the multielectrode analyser (MMA) is that the currents flowing between single electrodes can be measured. Thus, real-time maps can be generated indicating where anodic and cathodic areas lie on the surface of the multielectrode and how they behave. The combination of the multielectrode analyser with the scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) enables the identification of corrosion sites and the detailed electrochemical analysis. T2 - DECHEMA/GfKORR-Fachgruppe "Mikrobielle Materialzerstörung und Materialschutz" CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.10.2017 KW - Scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) KW - Multielectrode array sensors KW - Corrosion PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43461 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hampel, Marco T1 - A new approach for high-resolution analysis of early-stage corrosion processes N2 - The poster presentation summarizes the recent developments on the combination of scanning electrochemical microscopy with multielectrode arrays for the investigation of local corrosion processes. T2 - GfKORR Jahrestagung 2017 CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 07.11.2017 KW - Scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) KW - Multielectrode array sensors KW - Corrosion PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43459 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Saadeh, Qais A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard A1 - Thünemann, Andreas T1 - In-situ SAXS techniques N2 - This project studies the orientation of nanoparticles under the influence of external stimuli such as electric fields, magnetic fields and ultra-sonic vibrations. A set of functional sample holders that fit inside the sample chamber of a state-of-the-art Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) machine, called the “Multi-scale Analyzer for Ultrafine Structures” (MAUS). The MAUS has been custom engineered to serve as a miniaturized Synchrotron, thus enabling standard material to be characterized to a high standard. Our work is needed to detail the fine characterization of reference nano-particles, not only on the nano-scale, but also coupled with external agents. A second aim of this project is to verify a few proof-of-concept designs for the alignment of nano-particles. Where the alignment of nano-particles In-Situ is intended to further develop 3D printing technologies, and SAXS is an ideal choice to study the alignment of an oriented ensemble. For more information about the MAUS; https://www.bam.de/Content/DE/Pressemitteilungen/2018/AnalyticalSciences/2018-01-31-mit-maus-an-die-spitze-der-nano-forschung.html T2 - NanoWorkshop 2018 (Workshop on Reference Nanomaterials. Current situation and needs: development, measurement, standardization) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 14.05.2018 KW - SAXS KW - Nano-particles alignment KW - Magnetic nano-particles PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-44912 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Aristia, Gabriela T1 - Electrochemical study of polyaniline/silicon dioxide containing coatings in geothermal solution N2 - Polyaniline/Silicon Dioxide containing coatings were electrochemically investigated in a saline geothermal solution. With the increase of exposure time, impedance values of coated specimens decreased at low frequency, which could be caused by the decrease of pore resistance due to electrolyte or water uptake. Coating system needs further optimization work. T2 - NACE International Annual Corrosion Conference CY - Phoenix, AZ, USA DA - 15.04.2018 KW - Geothermal KW - Coating KW - SiO2 KW - Polyaniline KW - Corrosion PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-44918 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Raedel, Martina T1 - Mobile anodization for the conservation of damaged architectural aluminium elements N2 - Initial situation: Aluminum is an often-used building material in modern architecture, not only for construction but as well for facades and decorative elements. In the 1950th and 1960th, after World War II, many buildings in Germany were constructed with aluminum or contain elements of colored anodized aluminum. In the last years a larger number of these buildings are increasingly in the sight of conservation works including the aluminum parts such as window frames or facade coverings. Damaged Aluminum Surfaces: Common damages are a change of color or gloss changes through weathering processes, drill holes or marks due to later modifications, scratches in the anodized layer due to extensive wear e.g. at handrails or door handles. To repair damaged aluminum surfaces, there are usually two options: smaller damaged areas are repaired by using a touch-up pen. In case of larger damages, the complete re-anodization is necessary. This includes to de-anodize the surface with cleaning and grinding the whole aluminum object. Both possibilities are disadvantageous for the objects. The touch-up pen often does not match the color of the original surface together with an insufficient corrosion protection for outdoors. While the newly anodized surface differs in color and gloss from the originally applied color. Research Approach: The whole procedure contrasts with the principal approach in conservation which aims to intervene as less as possible, in case of the conservation of an object. To fulfill this approach in a more appropriate way the research project focuses on a mobile and partial application for colored, anodized aluminum parts. To anodize aluminum the application of an electrolyte onto the surface together with sufficient voltage and current is necessary. Generally diluted sulfuric acid is used as electrolyte. Different possibilities are examined to enable the mobile application of the electrolyte, e. g. the application by producing a gel matrix or like in electroplating by pen or brush wrapped with a fleece fabric. Experimental part: First experiments are conducted to examine the structure of the anodized layer in relation with proper cleaning, anodization time with applied voltage and current and the coloring process. The aim was to reduce the preparation procedure and the anodization time as much as possible to facilitate the mobile application. Examinations with Keyence microscope, Eddy current testing and REM are performed to characterize the layers. The results are shown in table 1. A clear connection between proper cleaning, anodization time, voltage and amperage and the achieved thickness of the anodized layer is significant. Cracks in the layer show that raising the voltage and amperage results in thicker layers but as well in a crumbled and less stable anodized surface. Gel preparation: In addition to the anodization process with a liquid e.g. sulfuric acid a gel application is tested to prevent the electrolyte from rinsing down during the mobile application. For this purpose, several gel-forming agents are tested together with their stability in acid systems. It was observed, that the consistency of the gels varies dependent of the time. Conductivity: The conductivity of sulfuric acid combined with different gel-systems was measured and compared in order to predict the possible growth of layers during anodic oxidation process. Further steps: Determination and optimization of application parameters like voltage, amperage and anodization-time to build up a preferably stable and sufficient thick anodized layer. Examination of gel preparation to guarantee a stable product, enforcing with textile tape for easy application. T2 - Architectural Aluminum in the 21st Century CY - Boston, MA, USA DA - 24.03.2018 KW - Aluminum KW - Anodization KW - Historic buildings KW - Mobile application PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45018 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schenderlein, Matthias T1 - Monitoring early stage corrosion processes during biofilm formation N2 - To investigate early stage corrosion processes of stainless steel 1.4301 taking place during the biofilm formation of the organism Shewanella putrefaciens electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a multielectrode approach has been used. The multielectrode array consisted of up to 25 electrically isolated electrodes made of stainless steel wires of diameters ranging from 100 µm to 500 µm. They were connected to a multichannel microelectrode analyzer (MMA) electrically coupled through zero resistance ammeters. Current flow between electrodes in the array as well as changes in impedance of individual electrodes over time were recorded and analyzed with respect to the onset of localized corrosion and biofilm formation. The results were complemented by optical microscopy, SEM and AFM images which were taken immediately after the respective experiment. To verify that the multielectrode arrays correctly indicated the initial stages of the corrosion process and of biofilm formation they were introduced in a flow cell reaction vessel containing test specimens made from stainless steel 1.4301, which were checked regularly for signs of localized corrosion and biofilms. Preceding results with the multielectrode array in solutions containing high amounts of chloride ions and hydrogen peroxide at low pH also showed that it is possible with the MMA to monitor individual electrodes becoming local anodes as local corrosion set in, while the remaining electrodes predominantly acted as cathodes. T2 - 69th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 02.09.2018 KW - Corrosion KW - Multielectrode KW - Biofilm KW - Monitoring KW - Stainless steel PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-47095 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani, Media T1 - Long range influence of boehmite nanoparticles on the nanomechanics of epoxy matrix used in carbon-fiber composites N2 - Boehmite nanoparticles (AlOOH) were recently found to improve properties such as crack resistance, shrinkage and compressive strength in epoxy composites. Concentration and surface modification of boehmite nanoparticles are key factors for abovementioned enhancements. To understand the underlying mechanisms, more detailed research of micro- and nanoscopic mechanical properties is required. The presented study aims to investigate the influence of concentration and surface modification of boehmite on the stiffness of the bulk epoxy by means of AFM-based approaches: Force-Distance curves (FDC) on the sub- microscale and Intermodulation AFM and amplitude-dependent force spectroscopy (ADFS) on the nanoscale. For this purpose, stiffness-maps of epoxy filled with boehmite, with and without surface modification (HAc-boehmite) were obtained by FDC. These measurements showed a slight increase in overall stiffness of composite with increasing the nanoparticle content. The stiffening effect was observed to be intensified with HAc-boehmite. Since the lateral resolution of FDC is not high enough to distinguish nanoparticles, this effect was assumed to be due to the inevitable inclusion of nanoparticles in the measurement. By using Intermodulation-AFM, yielding ADFS stiffness maps with the resolution of <10 nm, we were able to calculate the average stiffness of bulk epoxy without the interference of nanoparticles. It was expected that the stiffness of regions faraway from particles would be equal to neat epoxy. In contrast, the results showed a drastic increase in stiffness of epoxy with increasing boehmite concentration (0, 1, 2.5, and 15%) especially in case of introducing 15wt% HAc-boehmite. Another important observation was formation of a spatial structure with non-homogenous stiffness distribution in bulk epoxy with HAc-boehmite. The underlying mechanisms of described observations are not fully understood yet. One hypothesis is the local increase in crosslinking density which we aim to investigate in our further studies by combining Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) and Intermodulation-AFM. T2 - Frontiers in Polymer Science CY - Seville, Spain DA - 17.05.2017 KW - AFM KW - Boehmite KW - Epoxy nanocomposite PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-50688 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Cano Murillo, Natalia T1 - Electron beam modified cellulose acetate electrospun mats N2 - The electrospun fibers with micrometer diameter show ribbon-like morphology, the physical features are further studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman and XPS Spectroscopy is used to study the changes after irradiation. Partial electron beam treatment of the electrospun mats lead to localized fluorescence with a broad band emission. The change in the optical response of the fluorescent area in the mats is measured under different chemical environments to evaluate their suitability as an optical chemical sensor in polar and non polar environments. T2 - EUROMAT 2017 CY - Thessaloniki, Greece DA - 17.09.2017 KW - Fluorescence quenching KW - Electrospinning KW - Electron beam PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42172 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Barnefske, Lena T1 - PDMS-POS-capsules for prospective self-healing silicone rubber N2 - Capsules made of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) core with a poly(organosiloxane) (POS) shell can be used as a new filler system for self-healing silicone rubber. Synthesis of these PDMS-POS capsules, as well as the characterization based on TGA, SEM and fluorescence spectroscopy is presented. T2 - 6th ICSHM 2017 CY - Friedrichshafen, Germany DA - 25.06.2017 KW - Self-healing KW - Capsules KW - PDMS PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40856 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bonse, Jörn T1 - Tribological performance of titanium samples oxidized by fs-laser radiation, thermal heating, or electrochemical anodization N2 - Commercial grade-1 titanium samples (Ti, 99.5% purity) were treated using three alternative methods, i.e., fs-laser processing in air, thermal heat treatment in an oven, or anodization in an electrochemical bath, all resulting in the formation of differently conditioned superficial oxide layers. The laser processing was carried out by a Ti:sapphire laser (pulse duration 30 fs, central wavelength 790 nm, pulse repetition rate 1 kHz) in a regime of generating laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). The experimental conditions (laser fluence, spatial spot overlap) were optimized in a sample-scanning geometry for the processing of several square-millimetres large surface areas covered homogeneously by these nanostructures. The thermal processing in the oven was done at two different temperatures, while the electrochemical anodization was performed at room temperature, aiming to generate different polymorphs of titanium oxide at similar oxide layer thickness. The irradiated surface regions were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy, and micro Raman spectroscopy. The tribological performance of the differently treated titanium surfaces was characterized in the regime of mixed friction by reciprocating sliding tests against a sphere of hardened steel in un-additivated paraffin oil and fully formulated engine oil as lubricants. The specific tribological performance of the differently treated surfaces is discussed on the basis of possible physical and chemical mechanisms. T2 - International Conference on Laser Ablation, COLA 2017 CY - Marseille, France DA - 03.09.2017 KW - Femtosecond laser KW - Oxidation KW - Laser-induced periodic surface strcutures, LIPSS KW - Friction KW - Wear PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42032 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Wolfram T1 - SPIN- Spearhead network for innovative,clean and safe cement & concrete technologies N2 - Worldwide, cement and concrete experts are at the cutting-edge to sustainable, green, healthy but nonetheless high-Performance concrete. The current relatively low development of the cement and concrete industry in Africa offers the unique opportunity to start directly on the best achievable and sustainable Level, if only Expertise is sufficiently available. It should not be neglected that concrete is a product with comparably low Transport ranges, which means that an improved concrete market will mainly Support the local economy without exceeding financial Drains to the international market, thus fostering the fight against poverty, which is an urgent Need in most African countries. T2 - Workshop Cement and Concrete for Africa CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 17.08.2011 PY - 2011 N1 - Geburtsname von Priebe, Nsesheye Susan: Msinjili, N. S. - Birth name of Priebe, Nsesheye Susan: Msinjili, N. S. AN - OPUS4-24728 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ramirez Caro, Alejandra A1 - Pauli, Jutta T1 - Study of the hydration of superplasticizer-cement pastes with optical spectroscopy N2 - Chemical admixtures like superplasticizers or stabilizing agents are of ever increasing importance for modern concrete technology. Although such admixtures have meanwhile become common practice in many applications of concrete technology, the understanding of these highly complex systems is still limited and the relevant parameters, which predominantly control the interaction between the superplasticizer and the cement components, have not been identified yet. Optical methods have been successfully used for the analysis and monitoring of the interactions between a broad variety of nanoscale and molecular systems like nanoparticles of various chemical composition and different types of organic ligands or biomolecules. This encouraged us to assess the potential of these methods, and particularly reflectance and fluorescence measurements, for the study of the interactions that occur at the interface between particle or hydrate surfaces and the fluid phase at a very early stage of concrete formation. Special emphasis is dedicated to search for and identify differences between commonly used superplasticizers. Here, we focus on hydration effects using commercial comb shape polycarboxylate ethers (PCEs) with different charge densities, which are known to allow a very low water/cement ratio (w/c of 0.20 or less) while maintaining good workability. Based upon changes of the intensity of the reflectance and fluorescence signal and spectral effects of a dye, acting as optical reporter, a model for the interactions of dye, PCE molecules and cement nanoparticles in the very first phase of cement hydration is derived T2 - Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker-Analytische Chemie-Anakon 2017 CY - Tübingen, Germany DA - 03.04.2017 KW - Cement hydration KW - Optical spectroscopy KW - Superplasticizers PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-39882 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schilling, Markus T1 - Platform MaterialDigital (PMD) - Knowledge Representation, Interoperability, Reliability N2 - Through collaboration in the materials science and engineering (MSE) community, the PMD is collectively developing common standards and prototype solutions for data acquisition, structuring, storage, and processing. This comprises the development of architectural, standardized and foundational ontologies and workflows. Demonstrators resulting from these developments provide good practice examples. The PMD Core Ontology (PMDco) was created as an anchor that allows implementation of semantic data integration. It provides a common and expanding vocabulary to represent and share knowledge while enabling efficient collaboration and promoting interoperability between diverse domains. T2 - Kupfer-Symposium 2025 CY - Schwäbisch-Gmünd, Germany DA - 12.11.2025 KW - Semantic Data KW - Data Integration KW - Digitalization KW - Data Interoperability KW - PMD Core Ontology PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64708 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schilling, Markus T1 - Seamless Science with the Platform MaterialDigital (PMD): Demonstration of Semantic Data Integration as Good Practices N2 - Following the new paradigm of materials development, design, and optimization, digitalization is the main goal in materials sciences and engineering (MSE) which imposes a huge challenge. In this respect, the quality assurance of processes and output data as well as the interoperability between applications following FAIR principles are to be ensured. For storage, processing, and querying of data in contextualized form, Semantic Web technologies (SWT) are used since they allow for machine-actionable and human-readable knowledge representations needed for data management, retrieval, and (re)use. The project ‘platform MaterialDigital’ (PMD) aims to bring together and support interested parties from both industrial and academic sectors in a sustainable manner in solving digitalization tasks and implementing digital solutions. Therefore, the establishment of a virtual material data space and the systematization of the handling of hierarchical, process-dependent material data are focused. Core points to be dealt with are the development of agreements on data structures and interfaces implemented in distinct software tools and to offer users specific support in their projects. Furthermore, the platform contributes to a standardized description of data processing methods in materials research. In this respect, selected MSE methods are semantically represented on a prototypical basis which are supposed to serve as best practice examples with respect to knowledge representation and the creation of knowledge graphs used for material data. Accordingly, this poster presentation illustrates demonstrators developed and deployed within the PMD project. Semantically anchored using the mid-level PMD Core Ontology (PMDco), they address data transformation leading to a novel data management which is based on semantic integrated data. The PMD data acquisition pipeline (DAP), which is fueled by traditional, diverse data formats, and a pipeline applying an electronic laboratory notebook (ELN) as data source are displayed. Additionally, the efficient combination of diverse datasets originating from different sources is demonstrated by the representation of a use case dealing with the well-known Orowan relation. T2 - 9. Dresdner Werkstoffsymposium CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 16.05.2024 KW - Semantic Data KW - Data Integration KW - Plattform MaterialDigital KW - Demonstrators KW - Electronic Lab Notebook PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60102 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ávila Calderón, Luis T1 - Management of Reference Data in Materials Science and Engineering Exemplified for Creep Data of a Single-Crystalline Ni-Based Superalloy N2 - Here we present our research data management (RDM) framework to conceptualize & implement a digital infrastructure for the Generation, Distribution, and Utilization of reference datasets of materials. The documentation of the test data is often incomplete. This concerns, e.g., material’s manufacturing process or chemical composition, or test equipment’s description and its calibration status. Our concept addresses this issue by proposing the implementation of a requirements profile. A crucial aspect of our concept is to reach a community-agreement on the definition of reference data and on the underlying data schema and vocabulary. T2 - MaRDA2025 Virtual Annual Meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 18.02.2025 KW - NFDI MatWerk KW - Referenzdaten KW - Kriechen KW - Datenschema PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64858 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Armatys, Kamila T1 - Corrosion and abrasion resistant protective coatings for biomass combustion N2 - One of the alternative renewable fuels is biomass but it is a difficult fuel because of its diversity and complexity. It can contain high percentages of K and Cl responsible for corrosion together with sand that have additionally an abrasive effect during combustion. Because of permanently extending the surface reaction due to abrasion the corrosion of the materials increases. In particular in power plants, the superheater tubes are exposed to a corrosive abrasive attack that is one of the main sources of concern. The development of new alloys for multilayer surface, which combines corrosive and abrasive resistance is therefore of high importance. Those new technical approaches must be at the same time cost-effective to be an alternative to conventional materials. The aim of the presented investigation methods is to test and develop suitable alloys for coatings for the super heater tubes of biomass power plants. First results of abrasion investigations show improved abrasion resistance compared to the multi-component reference material Alloy 625. T2 - Young Researchers Conference: Energy Efficiency & Biomass CY - Wels, Austria DA - 24.02.2016 KW - Coatings KW - Corrosion PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-35713 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Peplinski, Burkhard T1 - Nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered beta-cristobalite AlPO4 stabilized at room temperature: synthesis and X-ray powder diffraction data N2 - X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of the high-temperature (HT) cristobalite form of SiO2 and its isoelectronic AlPO4 analogue are essentially influenced by the dynamic disorder of these crystal structures. The nature of this disorder and of the phase transition between the α- and β-form has been the subject of intensive research during the last four decades [1]. By 1989 it became possible to stabilize the HT-form of cristobalite SiO2 at room temperature in laboratory and engineering ceramic industries by applying solid solution forming techniques [2]. However, for the HT-form of cristobalite AlPO4 nothing similar has been known until 2014 when it was discovered that nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered β-cristobalite AlPO4 is the major component of the fly ash of a large incineration facility operated by the waste water treatment authorities of Frankfurt/M. [3]. Previous comprehensive investigations of this fly ash failed to interpret its complex XRD pattern – presumably mainly due to the lack of a matching experimental digital pattern in the Powder Diffraction Database. The present paper reports on a synthesis route that facilitates the crystallization of nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered β-cristobalite AlPO4 that is free of crystalline impurity phases and long-term stable at ambient. Its room temperature XRD pattern is presented with parameters traced back to certified reference materials. [1] Yuan F. and Huang L., Phys. Rev, B, 2012, 85, 134114. [2] Perrotta J.A., Grubbs D.K., Martin E.S., Dando N.R., McKinstry H.A. and Huang C.-Y., J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1989, 72, 441. [3] Peplinski B., Adam C., Adamczyk B., Müller R., Michaelis M., Krahl Th. and Emmerling F., Powder Diffraction Journal, 2015, 30, 2, Supp. 1, S31. T2 - 15. European Powder Diffraction Conference (EPDIC15) CY - Bari, Italy DA - 12. June 2016 KW - Stabilization of HT-structures at room temperature KW - β-cristobalite structure type KW - Databases PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-36727 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Topolniak, Ievgeniia T1 - Direct laser surface micropatterning with polydopamine N2 - Inspired by the chemistry of mussel adhesive proteins, polydopamine (PDA) is one of the simplest and most versatile approaches to confer new functionalities to nearly any material surface. Moreover, PDA exhibits high potential for surface modification and diversified secondary reactions that makes it extremely interesting for a wide range of application including biomedical field, e.g., drug delivery, adhesives, cell adhesion, biosensing. PDA has undergone significant expansion in its applications and is one of the most attractive areas within the materials field. Nevertheless, PDA integration in microdevices is still constrained by poor spatial and temporal control of excited deposition methods. Herein, we demonstrate a novel maskless approach for PDA micropatterning based on Direct Laser Writing (DLW) that overcomes present limitations. The pattern is formed upon exposure of the dopamine solution by light produced by tightly-focused fs NIR laser that scans substrate surface accordingly to the selected pattern design. Neither strong oxidants, metal ions nor adjusting pH to alkaline is required by this technique. Our method achieves the PDA micropatterns with the spatial resolution of 0.8 µm, at least an order of magnitude smaller than what is possible with other PDA microplanning techniques. The here introduced PDA deposition technique will uniquely unravel applications of polydopamine and other catecholamine-based mussel-inspired materials in various multifunctional systems and microdevices (e.g., MEMS elements, microfluidics). Adjustment of MPL parameters revealed that the morphology and thickness of resulted PDA microstructures can be controlled by altering the laser power and its scanning velocity. As a result, it also enables the production of micropatterns with structural gradient. Apart from the glass substrate, we achieved PDA patterning at surfaces of different nature such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, silicon wafers, and fluorinated glass coverslips. The chemical nature of PDA was confirmed by locally recorded vibrational and x-ray photoelectron spectra. To ensure post-modification potential of MPL deposited PDA we demonstrated one-step deposition of micropatterns with trypsin. Obtained bio-functionalised surface can be further applied as a protein sensing active microelement. Presented in this work DLW-based microfabrication technique and the possibilities for further PDA surface post-functionalization empowers advanced applications of this material in single-molecule bioassays, sensors and other complex microdevices. T2 - Swiss ePrint 2022 CY - Buchs, Switzerland DA - 05.09.2022 KW - Polydopamine KW - Two-photon polymerisation KW - Micropatterning PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56422 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Silbernagl, Dorothee A1 - Szymoniak, Paulina A1 - Tavasolyzadeh, Zeynab A1 - Sturm, Heinz A1 - Topolniak, Ievgeniia T1 - Interpenetrating networks with tuned thermal and mechanical properties N2 - Text Multiphoton lithography (MPL) has recently attracted significant research interest as a versatile tool capable of producing 2D and 3D micro- and nanoscopic features with high spatial resolution. The integrity of MPL microstructures, or their ability to respond to external stimuli, is of critical importance. However, achieving the desired properties of fabricated microcomponents for a specific application remains a challenge. In this work, we present new MPL materials based on epoxy-acrylate interpenetrating networks (IPNs). We aim at 3D microstructures, whose properties can be easily tuned by varying the ratio of the IPN components and fabrication parameters (Figure 1). The resulting library of 3D microstructures was investigated for their thermal and mechanical properties using highly-sensitive space-resolved methods. Flash scanning calorimetry revealed the influence of both, IPN composition and fabrication parameters, on glass transition temperature and material fragility. AFM force-distance curve and intermodulation methods were used to characterize the mechanical properties with a lateral resolution of 1 micron and 4 nm, respectively. The deformation, stiffness and elastic behavior are discussed in detail in relation to the morphology. Moreover, we found that some 3D IPN microstructures exhibit fully elastic behavior. Our funding encourages the further development of IPN systems as versatile and easily tunable MPL materials. T2 - Micro Nano Engineering (MNE conference) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.09.2023 KW - Interpenetrating polymer network KW - Multiphoton Lithography KW - Two photon polymerisation KW - Direct laser writing KW - Polyethylene glycol diacrylate PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58879 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gründer, Klaus-Peter T1 - Untersuchungen biegebeanspruchter Holzstäbe aus dem Erdbereich mit optischem Verfahren N2 - Holzschutzmittel gegen den biologischen Angriff von Insekten, Pilzen und Bakterien besitzen eine erhebliche volkswirtschaftliche Bedeutung. Zur Vermeidung einer in der DIN EN 252 beschriebenen rein visuellen Beurteilung wurde 1996 durch die BAM auf Grundlage des in der DIN 52186 enthaltenen Biegeversuchs eine alternative Strategie vorgeschlagen. In weiterführenden Untersuchungen soll ergänzend zur Prüfmaschine die Stereo-Fotogrammetrie als optisches 3D-Messverfahren eingesetzt werden. Die Entwicklung eines möglichst objektiven und technisch einfachen Nachweisverfahrens der Schutzwirkung und die vergleichende Bewertung der Aussagekraft beider Normen sind von besonderem Interesse. T2 - DACH Jahrestagung 2008 - ZfP in Forschung, Entwicklung und Anwendung CY - St. Gallen, Switzerland DA - 28.04.2008 KW - DIN EN 252 KW - DIN 52186 KW - Holzprüfung PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17521 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schannor, Mathias T1 - LA-ICP-ToF-MS imaging of slags from lithium battery recycling N2 - The global demand for critical raw materials is increasing drastically as a consequence of the green energy transition and digitalisation. Electromobility in particular requires large amounts of lithium for Li-ion batteries. To guarantee future resources for Li-ion battery production, efficient recycling processes are paramount in securing critical metals. One such recycling process is pyrometallurgical processing, where metals such as Co, Ni, and Cu are concentrated in the alloy melt and Li is mainly partitioned into the slag phase. Partitioning of Li into Li-rich mineral phases within the slag, which subsequently can be separated and further concentrated via hydrometallurgical processes, such as flotation, could enable efficient recovery of Li from recycling products. However, the precipitation of other mineral phases along Li-rich minerals that also scavenge Li from the melt would be a severe constraint. Spinel is a potential phase competing for Li as it appears as primary phase during solidification of the slag melt. Here, we show the influence of spinel crystallization on the distribution of Li in the five-component slag system Li-Mg-Al-Si-Ca. Slags were processed by aerodynamic levitation where pieces of a previously research synthetic Li-rich slag [1] were containerless liquified and subsequently cooled using different protocols. The frozen droplets were embedded in epoxy resin and subsequently analysed by LA-ICP-ToF-MS. All experiments resulted in formation of spinel crystals within the slag phase (Figure 1). Overall, Li (cf. Fig 1left) and Si are enriched in the groundmass compared to the spinel phase in which Mg (cf. Fig. 1 right) and Al are strongly concentrated. Additionally, in sample P1 spinel crystals show zoning with increasing Li content and decreasing Mg content from core to rim, respectively (Figure 1). In contrast, no zoning is observed for Al in the spinel phase. The elemental maps reveal gradually increasing concentrations of Li, Si, Al, and Mg towards the rim of the slag groundmass of sample P1. Distinct Li-rich silicate phases occur in the vicinity of spinel grains that are similar in composition to the Li- and Si-enriched rim of the slag spherule. Our work highlights that spinel is the primary solidifying mineral phase in the investigated slag-system and that it scavenges Li from the slag melt during crystallization/cooling. Hence, future recycling protocols need to be adapted to take Li loss to spinel into account. T2 - EWCPS 2025 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 02.03.2025 KW - LA-ICP-ToF-MS KW - Li-slags KW - Battery recycling PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62881 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Madbouly, Loay Akmal T1 - Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Commercial Functionalized Graphene N2 - Graphene has been commercialized for over a decade. For many applications like flexible electronics, coating of different materials like paper or for textiles, it used in the form of suspensions or inks [1]. Graphene powders are typically used as the starting material for the synthesize of graphene suspensions and graphene inks. Functionalization enables tailoring the properties of graphene, such as the sheet resistance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, along other techniques are used to characterize graphene flakes, functionalized and otherwise. Raman spectroscopy is necessary as a primary step to validate the existence of graphene structure in graphene powders [2]. XPS is commonly used to investigate the elemental composition, including impurities, and the chemical structure of graphene. In this study, we investigate the following set of commercial materials: fluorine-functionalized graphene (F-graphene) and nitrogen-functionalized graphene (N-graphene) as well as unfunctionalized graphene (G-graphene) in the forms of powders, suspensions, and inks. The functionalization process for the graphene powder was carried out in a plasma reactor by purging fluorine and ammonia gases, in separate processes, over the G-graphene powder. The suspensions were prepared by adding distilled water to the powders. The inks consist of diacetone alcohol, carbon black, and graphene powders. Raman spectroscopy and XPS are complementary techniques. Our results obtained from Raman spectroscopy confirmed the existence of graphene structures in all samples and provided a comparative insight on the structural defects between samples. XPS was used to investigate the chemical states of elements in graphene, such as sp2 and sp3 hybridization states of carbon, as well as the chemical effect of functionalization on graphene. High resolution XPS analysis was performed for C 1s, F 1s and N 1s core-levels for all the graphene samples: G-graphene, F-graphene, and N-graphene, in all forms. The XPS results showed the elemental composition and the impurities of each sample. All powders showed less presence of carboxyl groups, compared to their respective suspensions and inks. F-functionalized suspension and inks showed a significant decrease in the at% of fluorine relative to the powder. These valuable insights, independent and when correlated, allowed the tracking of the structural and chemical changes of graphene along its production process. T2 - E-MRS 2025 CY - Strasbough, France DA - 26.05.2025 KW - Functionalized graphene inks PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64113 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin T1 - Electron irradiation of biomolecules under physiological conditions: Experimental realization and microdosimetric calculations N2 - In the last years, secondary low-energy electrons (LEE) emerged as important, if not predominant, reductive pathway in ionizing damage of biomolecules. These electrons are created in copious amount as result of inelastic scattering of high energy radiation at water. Until now, all experiments the quantification of the effects of LEEs on the biomolecular damage was either performed in vacuum with LEE sources or with DNA on surfaces in humid atmosphere. We present a new experimental setup to irradiate biomolecules with electrons under physiological conditions. In combination with monte carlo simulations this setup makes it possible to determine microdosimetric quantities for biomolecules in liquid environment under electron irradiation. This opens up new possibilities in radiation research to access the LEE damage under well defined physiological condition, for more complex systems, such as DNA-Protein complexes and even living cells. T2 - 14th International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association CY - Cape Town, South Africa DA - 09.05.2016 KW - DNA KW - Dosimetry KW - Microdosimetry KW - Geant4 KW - Low energy electrons KW - Radicals KW - Radiation damage KW - Polymers PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-36399 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard T1 - Holistic Experimentation in the HExX-Lab N2 - Through bottom-up, comprehensive digitalisation of all aspects of an experiment, the HEX-lab improves the trustworthiness (traceability, reproducibility, quality) of scientific findings. The five main parts that make up a materials science experiment, i.e. Sample preparation, Measurements, Processing, Analysis, and Interpretation, each have been addressed in thorough and unique ways in this lab, building up a foundation for a wide range of materials science collaborations. Improvements span the spectrum. Hardware developments include new sample environments and stages, such as grazing incidence motion towers, electrochemistry cells and flow-through holders, electronic components such as safety interlocks and multipurpose I/O controllers, and liquid handling systems such as coolant flow cross-over systems. Software developments include: 1) a new comprehensive control system operating on both the RoWaN as well as the MOUSE allowing for full Python control and sequencing of all experimentation, 2) Automated scripts for instrument optimization, sample alignments and measurements, 3) revamped data pipelines and analysis software, standalone or launched as part of operations sequencing dashboards on servers, and 4) meticulously structured archival datafiles, fully documenting sample preparation, measurements, processing and analyses. These allow for holistic databases and dashboards to be constructed to investigate the links between synthesis parameters and resulting morphology. This poster will highlight some of the tools and techniques developed and available in the HEX-lab over the years, from sample environments to overarching experiment and data organisation structures. T2 - Materials Science Core Facility Synergy Forum 2025 CY - Bremen, Germany DA - 26.02.2025 KW - Digitalization KW - Holistic experiments KW - Traceability KW - Data provenance PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62675 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Habibimarkani, Heydar T1 - Comparative chemical analysis of Ni-Fe oxide nanoparticles N2 - Ni-Fe oxide nanoparticles have gained a lot of interest because of their high activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) which is crucial for water splitting. [1] Although there have been great efforts in the last years, the understanding of the synergistic effect between Fe and Ni is still under discussion. Therefore, we prepared different Ni-Fe oxide nanoparticles with different compositions from pure iron oxide to pure nickel oxide adapting a known procedure. [2,3] Size and morphology of the nanoparticles depend on the composition which was shown with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The compositions of the nanoparticles were measured with a comparative approach using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) coupled with the TEM providing detailed chemical information of the nanoparticles in different sample regions. EDS reveals that the different sample regions are dominated by one of the components, Fe or Ni, but a slight mixing between the components can be found (see Figure 1), which was confirmed with X-ray Diffraction (XRD). XPS indicates the enrichment of Fe at the sample surface, while HAXPES and EDS data agree on the stoichiometry of the bulk. High-resolution XPS and HAXPES exhibit some differences in the valence states of Fe and Ni, whereas Ni seems to be easier to reduce than Fe. Further investigations combining these different techniques and additionally Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) are ongoing by using in situ approaches and coupling cyclic voltammetry to the analytical techniques T2 - SALSA Make and Measure 2024: Interfaces CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 11.09.2024 KW - (Hard) X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy KW - Oxygen evolution reaction KW - Synergistic effects KW - TEM PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62346 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sediqi, Salbin T1 - Synthesis and characterization of multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) for electrocatalysis applications N2 - The aim of this project is the development of novel, noble metal-free electrocatalysts that do not rely on critical minerals. We focus on multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs), especially combinations involving Cu, to significantly enhance the efficiency of the CO2 reduction reaction. Generally, MPEAs consist of more than three elements, forming solid solutions without intermetallic phases. The unique disordered random structure introduces synergetic effects that play a critical role in electrocatalysis, particularly in terms of selectivity. The neraly-endless combinations of elements that can be incorporated in MPEAs offer ample opportunities to tailor its functionality for various applications. This study presents the development of thin films based on NiZnCu MPEAs for the CO2 reduction reaction. The one-step electrodeposition of NiZnCu films was performed on Cu substrates in a single bath using a Hull cell under constant current or potential. The influence of pH, additives and current density or potential on the composition and microstructure of the films was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the topography and surface roughness of the NiZnCu films. The results indicate that the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citrate enhances the uniformity and adhesion of the thin films. Electrochemical measurements, including cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy were conducted to study the electrocatalytic activity and the corrosion resistance of NiZnCu thin films. The NiZnCu gradient films deposited in the Hull cell enable high-throughput screening of the electrocatalytic activity. With this approach, multiple compositions showing high activity, selectivity and stability were identified. Further analysis with in line / at line product analysis was performed using a rotating disc electrode setup coupled to gas chromotography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). The presentation will summarize the results of our screening study with few deep-dives in selected compositions showing superior performance. T2 - eMRS 2024 Spring Meeting CY - Strasbourg, France DA - 27.05.2024 KW - CCMat KW - Energy conversion KW - Electrocatalysis PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62633 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Matiushkina, Anna T1 - Synthesis and physical properties studies of bifunctional nanocomposites N2 - At present, the field of research on nanostructures is actively developing, which is due to their unique physico-chemical properties compared to bulk materials. Many research activities are focused on obtaining nanocomposites, which combine various types of nanostructures with different properties and function. For example, the development of magneto-luminescent nanocomposites makes it possible to use their luminescence for optical imaging, and their magnetic properties for magnetic targeted delivery and as agents of hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging. My master studies as part of the project Goszadanie 2019-1080 at ITMO were focused on the investigation of nanocomposites, consisting of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as luminescent component and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as magnetic one, in solution and during their incubation with HeLa cells. The spectrally resolved analysis of the QD photoluminescence (PL) kinetics of the free QDs and the QDs incorporated in these nanocomposites undergoing energy transfer processes allowed for (1) understanding the reasons for the quenching of QD luminescence in cells, (2) evaluating the average distance between the QDs and, based on this, concluding the degree of QD aggregation in cells, and (3) drawing conclusions about the QD-quencher composites integrity in cells. Overall, the analysis of the PL kinetics confirmed that QDs and SPIONs remain bound in the obtained nanocomposites during incubation with cells. To ensure the successful advancement of nanomaterials in biomedicine and the transition from their laboratory preparation and studies to their use in different applications and in industry, it is crucial to develop reliable measurement methods and reference materials candidates for the characterization of functional nanomaterials and assessing the quality of the obtained nanostructures. My recently started project at BAM, which is part of the EU metrology project MeTrINo, will be devoted to this topic. There we will focus on the development of methodologies for the synthesis and characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles, already used in biomedicine, and multi-element lanthanide-based nanoparticles with attractive upconversion luminescence, as reference materials with high monodispersity and reproducibility. Also, these nanoparticles will be functionalized with organic dyes for optical imaging and, probably, the study of the energy transfer phenomena. T2 - Bad Honnef Summer School CY - Bad Honnef, Germany DA - 30.07.2023 KW - Quantum dots KW - Iron oxide nanoparticles KW - Upconversion nanoparticles PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58075 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Osipova, Viktoriia T1 - Incorporation of near-infrared light emitting chromium (III) complexes into the core and shell of silica nanoparticles and optimisation of their optical properties N2 - In recent years, chromium (III) complexes have received a lot of attention as novel near-infrared (NIR) emitters. This interest was triggered by the report on the first molecular ruby Cr(ddpd)2(BF4)3 with a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 13.7% of its near infrared (NIR) emission band and a long luminescence lifetime of 1.122 ms at room temperature. Meanwhile, the influence of triplet oxygen, temperature, and pressure on the optical properties of different molecular rubies have been assessed. These features make these molecular rubies promising candidates for multi-analyte optical sensing applications and the generation of singlet oxygen for photocatalysis and photodynamic therapy. However, in an oxygen-containing environment, the photoluminescence quantum yields and luminescence lifetimes of these chromium(III) complexes show only very small values. This hampers their application as NIR luminescence labels. This application, that cannot be tackled by conventional deoxygenating approaches, requires suitable strategies to protect the luminescence of the chromium(III) complexes from oxygen quenching. Typical approaches to reduce the oxygen sensitivity of long-lived luminophores include the encapsulation into an oxygen-shielding matrix or less commonly employed, by tuning the bulkiness of the ligands for oxygen-sensitive coordination compounds. An elegant approach to reduce the undesired luminescence quenching by triplet oxygen explored by us presents the incorporation of these chromium(III) complexes into amorphous, non-porous silica nanoparticles, that can be simply surface functionalized, e.g., with targeting ligands and/or other sensor molecules. This can enable the use of such chromium(III) complexes as reporters for bioanalytical assays and bioimaging without the need to introduce reactive groups into the ligands and can pave the road to lifetime tuning. In this work, as first proof-of-concept experiments, a set of chromium (III) complexes constituting of different ligands and counter anions, were embedded into the core of silica nanoparticles. As an alternative synthesis strategy, selected complexes were incorporated into a silica shell formed around the core of self-made silica nanoparticles. Subsequently, the optical properties of the resulting luminescent silica nanoparticles were spectroscopically assessed by steady state and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy. First results of time-resolved luminescence measurements of the Cr(ddpd)2(PF6)3 complex incorporated into 25nm large silica nanoparticles dispersed in aerated water in comparison to the decay kinetics obtained for this complex in acetonitrile in air showed an increase in lifetime from 46 µs to 1147 µs. This confirming our design concept of nanoscale NIR emissive Cr(III) reporters. T2 - Bad Honnef summer school CY - Bad Honnef, Germany DA - 30.07.2023 KW - Chromium (III) complexes KW - Silica Nanoparticles KW - Luminescence lifetime measurments PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58076 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Habibimarkani, Heydar T1 - Investigating the Synergistic Effects of FeNi-Oxide Nanoparticles as Water Electrolysis Catalysts: A Multi-Technique Characterization Approach N2 - Electrocatalysis is and will continue to play a central role in the development of a new and modern sustainable economy, especially for chemicals and fuels. The storage of excess electrical energy into chemical energy by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen is a feasible solution in this economic sector. A major drawback of electrical energy lies in the storage. Therefore, hydrogen is discussed as promising alternative. Fortunately, this issue can be effectively addressed through the implementation of chemical storage mechanisms. Due to their abundance on Earth and inherent stability in alkaline solutions, transition-metal oxides have become one of several viable alternatives to conventional noble-metal catalysts. Since FeNi oxide is one of the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for alkaline water electrolysis, it has been the subject of extensive research. A series of different types of FeNi oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with atomic ratios covering a broad range, and various sizes with specific stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric iron and nickel ratios was synthesized and characterized by the combination of surface analysis techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed the coexistence of mixed and unmixed iron and nickel NPs with comparable sizes in the range of 30–40 nm across all ratios. The synthesis technique displayed control over the iron-nickel ratio, as evidenced by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) data. The presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) was detected in all samples investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the existence of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) was shown in the Fe2Ni by XRD analysis. For the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, the NPs were deposited onto glassy carbon electrodes using Nafion® as an ionomer, and 1 M KOH was employed as the electrolyte. Subsequently, the NPs/Nafion® electrode was transferred into the ToF-SIMS chamber to allow surface analysis and depth profiling. The ToF-SIMS analysis revealed distinct peaks corresponding to Fe, Ni, and other peaks associated with Nafion®, whereas a straightforward correlation between the Ni.Fe ratio and the SIMS peak pattern is not possible. The catalytic activity towards OER was evaluated through CV measurements, where the Fe2Ni3 ratio exhibited the most favorable performance, displaying a lower overpotential. T2 - European Materials Research Society (E-MRS) Fall 2023 CY - Warsaw, Poland DA - 18.09.2023 KW - FeNi-Oxide NPs KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Catalysts KW - OER PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59139 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Habibimarkani, Heydar T1 - Complementary Characterization of FeNi-Oxide Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Water Electrolysis combining Electron Microscopy, EDS, XRD, ToF-SIMS and Electrochemical Analysis N2 - Electrocatalysis is and will continue to play a central role in the development of a new and modern sustainable economy, especially for chemicals and fuels. The storage of excess electrical energy into chemical energy by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen is a feasible solution in this economic sector. A major drawback of electrical energy lies in the storage. Therefore, hydrogen is discussed as promising alternative. Fortunately, this issue can be effectively addressed through the implementation of chemical storage mechanisms. Due to their abundance on Earth and inherent stability in alkaline solutions, transition-metal oxides have become one of several viable alternatives to conventional noble-metal catalysts. Since FeNi oxide is one of the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for alkaline water electrolysis, it has been the subject of extensive research. A series of different types of FeNi oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with atomic ratios covering a broad range, and various sizes with specific stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric iron and nickel ratios was synthesized and characterized by the combination of surface analysis techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed the coexistence of mixed and unmixed iron and nickel NPs with comparable sizes in the range of 30–40 nm across all ratios. The synthesis technique displayed control over the iron-nickel ratio, as evidenced by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) data. The presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) was detected in all samples investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the existence of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) was shown in the Fe2Ni by XRD analysis. For the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, the NPs were deposited onto glassy carbon electrodes using Nafion® as an ionomer, and 1 M KOH was employed as the electrolyte. Subsequently, the NPs/Nafion® electrode was transferred into the ToF-SIMS chamber to allow surface analysis and depth profiling. The ToF-SIMS analysis revealed distinct peaks corresponding to Fe, Ni, and other peaks associated with Nafion®, whereas a straightforward correlation between the Ni.Fe ratio and the SIMS peak pattern is not possible. The catalytic activity towards OER was evaluated through CV measurements, where the Fe2Ni3 ratio exhibited the most favorable performance, displaying a lower overpotential. T2 - SIMS Europe 2023 CY - Nottingham, England DA - 02.09.2023 KW - FeNi-Oxide NPs KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Catalysts KW - OER PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59143 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Heilmann, Maria T1 - Size-Tunable Ni-Cu Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Structure, Composition, and Catalytic Activity N2 - Nanoparticles (NPs) have become important materials for a variety of chemical technologies, including catalysis. One of the main challenges is the reduction of green house gases, such as CO2. One opportunity besides the capturing is the conversion to synthesis gas via the reverse water-gas shift reaction. A facile and efficient method is described for the solvothermal synthesis of size-tunable, stable, and uniform NiCu core-shell NPs. The diameter of the NPs can be tuned in a range from 6 nm to 30 nm and the Ni:Cu ratio from 30:1 to 1:1. The NPs are structurally characterized with combination of transmission electron microscopy, anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure. Using these analytical methods, a core-shell-shell structure their chemical composition is elucidated. A depletion from the core to the shell is observed, with the core consisting of NiCu alloy, surrounded by an inner Ni-rich shell and an outer NiO shell. The SiO2-supported NiCu core-shell NPs show pronounced selectivity of >99% for CO in the catalytic reduction of CO2 to CO using hydrogen as reactant (reverse water–gas shift reaction). T2 - Nanoalloys: recent developments and future perspectives Faraday Discussion CY - London, UK DA - 21.09.2022 KW - Nanoparticles KW - Core-shell KW - Catalysis PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56831 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lauer, Franziska T1 - Multivariate statistics applied to MALDI-TOF MS data of pollen samples N2 - Current pollen screening information networks are based on time-consuming, microscopic determination of the genus-specific pollen morphology. Additionally, the given information relies on prediction of plant growth, wind direction and seasonal information. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was introduced for rapid analysis of complex biological samples. MALDI-TOF provides the possibility to measure species-specific mass peak patterns of pollen and offers a powerful tool for investigation of taxonomic relations. Our objective is to develop a fast, reliable, routine method for detecting single pollen grains in pollen mixtures. The obtained spectra are analyzed by multivariate statistics. T2 - 49. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Massenspektrometrie CY - Hamburg DA - 28.02.2016 KW - Pollen KW - Datenanalyse KW - Hauptkomponentenanalyse PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-35523 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Torge, Manfred T1 - Organic surface coatings on medieval stained glass and microbiological investigation N2 - Mediaeval stained glass has been treated with Polymethylmetacrylate coatings by Kwiatkowski in Poland during the 1950th. Such treated panels were found in the Johannis Church of Toruń (without protective glazing), in the Cathedral of Włocławek (behind a protective glazing), and on glass kept in exhibition cases in the museum of Toruń. Surface coatings have been detected and analyzed. There was no extensive contamination by fungi or bacteria if the glass was either coated or not. T2 - Glass Science in Art and Conservation 2017 CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 06.06.2017 KW - Microbiological investigation KW - Medieval stained glass KW - SEM analysis PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40573 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Torge, Manfred T1 - SEM and Micro-XRF analysis to investigate stained glass windows N2 - Several restoration projects of stained-glass windows have been performed in Poland since 2010.Chemical analysis of glass samples was performed with SEM/EDX on a FEI ESEM-XL 30, (EDX-EDAX) and with Micro-XRF (M4 Tornado, Bruker).The chemical composition of medieval glass samples and of glass samples of the 19th Century have been determined. T2 - Technart2017 CY - Bilbao, Spain DA - 02.05.2017 KW - SEM KW - Micro-XRF KW - Glass composition PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40435 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Koerdt, Andrea T1 - Microbial corrosion of iron coupled to methanogenesis by strains from different environments N2 - Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) of iron is usually attributed to sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) which act upon the metal by the reactiveness of hydrogen sulfide, and by withdrawal of the available electrons in electrical contact with the metal. Methanogenic archaea are supposed to cause MIC. Because they do not produce hydrogen sulfide, withdrawal of electrons may be their main corrosive mechanism; however, mechanistic details and kinetics of the overall process are poorly understood. Precipitation of siderite (4Fe + 5HCO3 + 5H+  4FeCO3 + CH4 + 3H2O) can lead to an insulating layer on the metal surface and lower the corrosion rate. Still, the extent of FeCO3 precipitation may be significantly influenced by environmental conditions such as pH and advective processes. T2 - ISME CY - Leipzig, Germany DA - 12.08.2018 KW - Methanogens KW - MIC KW - Corrosion KW - Environmental Simulation PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46397 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Koerdt, Andrea T1 - Investigation of methanogen-induced microbiologically influenced corrosion under dynamic environments N2 - Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) of iron is usually attributed to sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) which act upon the metal by the reactiveness of hydrogen sulfide, and by withdrawal of the available electrons in electrical contact with the metal. Methanogenic archaea can also cause MIC by directly withdrawing electrons from the iron surface for methanogenesis. However, the mechanistic details and kinetics of the overall process are poorly understood. Precipitation of siderite, a by-product of methanogenesis, (4Fe + 5HCO3 + 5H+  4FeCO3 + CH4 + 3H2O) can lead to an insulating layer on the metal surface and lower the corrosion rate. Still, the extent of FeCO3 precipitation may be significantly influenced by environmental conditions such as pH and advective processes. T2 - IGD-TP Exchange Forum 8 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.12.2048 KW - Archaea KW - Biocorrosion KW - MIC KW - Environmental Simulation PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-47136 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gluth, Gregor T1 - Additive manufacturing of geopolymers by selective laser curing N2 - Additive manufacturing (3D printing) of ceramics and other materials offers significant advantages compared to conventional production processes for several applications. While ceramics have been extensively investigated in this regard, additive manufacturing of geopolymers have received much less attention to date. In the present contribution we study a ‘standard’ metakaolin-based geopolymer, a fly ash-based geopolymer and a silica-based one-part geopolymer regarding their suitability for additive manufacturing via selective laser curing. Model geometries such as bars and cuboids could be produced by this route. After selective laser curing the specimens were additionally cured at 80 °C for 24 h. The specimens were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM showed that the precursors in all geopolymers had reacted partially and geopolymeric gel had formed. XRD confirmed these results and additionally revealed that the crystalline byproducts (zeolites) in the one-part geopolymer differed from the byproducts observed in conventionally produced samples. This indicates that also the geopolymerization reactions differ between the two synthesis routes. The mechanical strength after selective laser curing and 80 °C-curing appeared to be highest for the metakaolin-based geopolymer. However, SEM also showed that a significant volume of macropores remained in most regions of all specimens, while some regions in the metakaolin-based geopolymer appeared to be significantly denser. These preliminary results demonstrate that selective laser curing offers potential for the production of geopolymers, but more research has to be undertaken to optimize the process. T2 - 92. DKG Jahrestagung CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 19.03.2017 KW - Geopolymers KW - Inorganic polymers KW - Additive manufacturing KW - 3D printing KW - Selective laser curing PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-39514 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Feigl, Michael A1 - Nofz, Marianne A1 - Sojref, Regine A1 - Dressler, Martin A1 - Pulz, Robert A1 - Rehmer, Birgit A1 - Feldmann, Ines A1 - Sabel, Martin T1 - Aluminiumoxidschichten für den Oxidationsschutz von Hochtemperaturlegierungen N2 - Effektive Al2O3-Keramik-Schutzschichten könnten die Verwendung preiswerterer Legierungen für Hochtemperaturanwendungen ermöglichen. Die Anforderungen an diese Schichten sind eine gute Haftung, chemische Stabilität und Dichtheit gegen die Umgebungsatmosphäre. T2 - DKG-Jahrestagung/Symposium Hochleistungskeramik CY - Aachen, Germany DA - 23.03.2009 KW - Schichtherstellung KW - Schichttestung KW - Hochtemperaturanwendungen PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-35836 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Baesso, Ilaria A1 - Altenburg, Simon A1 - Günster, Jens T1 - Co-axial online monitoring of Laser Beam Melting (LBM) N2 - Within the perspective of increasing reliability of AM processes, real-time monitoring allows part inspection while it is built and simultaneous defect detection. Further developments of real-time monitoring can also bring to self-regulating process controls. Key points to reach such a goal are the extensive research and knowledge of correlations between sensor signals and their causes in the process. T2 - BAM workshop on Additive Manufacturing CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany DA - 13.05.2019 KW - Laser Beam Melting KW - Process Monitoring KW - Co-axial monitoring KW - 3D imaging PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48517 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Korrosion von Rohrleitungswerkstoffen durch Kondensationseffekte infolge von SO2- und NO2-Begleitstoffen in CO2 N2 - Derzeit wird der Einsatz metallener Werkstoffe in CCU-/CCS-Anlagen hinsichtlich deren Korrosionsbeständigkeit und eine eventuell daraus resultierende Herausforderung diskutiert. Während des CO₂-Transportes vom Abscheide- zum Injektionsort kann es aufgrund der den CO₂-Strom begleitenden Beimengungen, wie Wasser, O₂, SOₓ , NOₓ , Temperaturschwankungen durchaus zu Kondensationseffekten und daraus resultierenden Schäden kommen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die sich möglicherweise innerhalb einer CO₂-Rohrleitung bildenden Kondensate infolge von Begleitstoffen wie SO2 und NO2 eine viel korrosivere Wirkung auf Rohrleitungswerkstoffe entfalten, als in reinem CO₂. T2 - 48. Kraftwerkstechnisches Kolloquium CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 18.10.2016 KW - CO2-Korrosion KW - Edelstahl KW - Chromstahl KW - CCUS KW - Kondensation PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-37753 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Hochlegierte metallene Werkstoffe in Salzschmelzen N2 - In letzter Zeit kommen immer mehr alternative Energiequellen als Ersatz fossiler Brennstoffe zum Einsatz, so auch die Solarthermie. Jedoch sind die Betriebsbedingungen aufgrund der chemischen Zusammensetzung der Wärmeträgermedien und herrschenden Temperaturen extrem hinsichtlich Korrosion. Da die Kraftwerke bei maximaler Lebensdauer ökonomisch vertretbar sein müssen, ist eine Werkstoffauswahl basierend auf Voruntersuchungen notwendig, um einen sicheren und verlässlichen Betrieb dieser Anlagen zu gewährleisten. Die Werkstoffauswahl hängt von der Betriebstemperatur eines Kraftwerks bzw. der chemischen Zusammensetzung des Wärmeträgermediums ab. In hochkorrosiven Umgebungen werden aufgrund ihrer sehr guten Korrosionsbeständigkeit Nickelbasislegierungen nicht nur für stark korrosiv beanspruchte Bauteile als die Lösung angesehen. Jedoch kann es durchaus beständigkeitsbedingte Einschränkungen für den Einsatz geben, wofür die hier vorgestellten Ergebnisse dienen sollen. In diesem Beitrag wird die Beständigkeit ausgewählter hochlegierter Werkstoffe (inklusive einer neuentwickelten Legierung in einer Nitrat-Salzschmelze (60 % NaNO3/40 % KNO3) vorgestellt, die mittels elektrochemischer Messungen und Auslagerungsversuchen ermittelt wurde. T2 - 48. Kraftwerkstechnisches Kolloquium CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 18.10.2016 KW - Örtliche Korrosion KW - Nickelbasislegierungen KW - Solarenergie KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Elektrochemische Charakterisierung PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-37754 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dinter, Adelina-Elisa T1 - Deciphering corrosion processes of MIC organisms - single cell-ICP-ToF-MS analysis of archaea on solid steels N2 - ICP-ToF (time of flight) MS enables the analysis of the multi-element fingerprint of single cells. The single cell ICP-ToF-MS is used in the presented poster for the analysis of archaea involved in microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of steel. By means of sc-ICP-ToF-MS, the possible uptake of individual elements from the respective steel is investigated - the information obtained will be used in the future to elucidate underlying mechanisms and develop possible material protection concepts. The work combines modern methods of analytical sciences with materials. T2 - SALSA - Make & Measure 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 16.09.2021 KW - Sc-ICP-ToF-MS KW - Single cell analysis KW - Microbiologically influenced corrosion KW - Archaea KW - Poster presentation PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53337 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Heinekamp, Christian T1 - Structure analysis of dispersible SnO2 nanoparticlesStructure analysis of dispersible SnO2 nanoparticles N2 - Previous work in the Dunne Group targeted dispersibility of metal oxide nanoparticles, which had been synthesised via an aqueous sol-gel route. Dispersibility was attained by solvothermal surface modification of the particles with trifluoro acetic acid (TFA). Part of the studies were tin oxide particles, which is known for its predominant rutile phase. Besides the dispersibility in acetone of the particles, an unexpected peak splitting of the (110) reflection was observed, which could be an unknown phase of SnO2 . For crystal growth long-term reaction studies on the tin oxide particles were performed. Interestingly these studies exhibited a time dependent extend of the peak splitting observed in XRD characterisation. Further extended analysis using multinuclear solid-state MAS-NMR spectroscopy indicate a size dependent structure change due to partial fluorination of the particles during the solvothermal treatment. T2 - SALSA Make and Measure 2022 CY - Online meeting DA - 07.09.2022 KW - SnO2 KW - Nanoparticles PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-57201 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -