TY - CONF A1 - Schilling, Markus A1 - Bayerlein, Bernd A1 - Birkholz, H. A1 - Hanke, T. A1 - Waitelonis, J. A1 - Sack, H. T1 - PMDco: Achieving High-Quality & Reliable FAIR Data N2 - Knowledge representation in the materials science and engineering (MSE) domain is a vast and multi-faceted challenge: Overlap, ambiguity, and inconsistency in terminology are common. Invariant and variant knowledge are difficult to align cross-domain. Generic top-level semantic terminology often is too abstract, while MSE domain terminology often is too specific. In this presentation, an approach how to maintain a comprehensive and intuitive MSE-centric terminology composing a mid-level ontology–the PMD core ontology (PMDco)–via MSE community-based curation procedures is shown. The PMDco is designed in direct support of the FAIR principles to address immediate needs of the global experts community and their requirements. The illustrated findings show how the PMDco bridges semantic gaps between high-level, MSE-specific, and other science domain semantics, how the PMDco lowers development and integration thresholds, and how to fuel it from real-world data sources ranging from manually conducted experiments and simulations as well as continuously automated industrial applications. T2 - Kupfer-Symposium CY - Jena, Germany DA - 29.11.2023 KW - Ontology KW - Semantic Web Technologies KW - Plattform MaterialDigital KW - PMDco PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59031 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Cook, Jake Thomas A1 - Tonon, Chiara T1 - Assessment of concrete bioreceptivity in algal biofilm green façade systems N2 - Algal biofilm façades are an alternative to traditional green façades which can help to improve biodiversity and air quality within cities. They present a low maintenance approach in which subaerial algae are grown directly on concrete substrates. The intrinsic bioreceptivity of the substrate is a critical factor in successful facade colonisation. Existing research has identified several environmental and material properties which influence concrete bioreceptivity, however a consensus has yet to be made on which properties are most influential and how the interaction between properties may promote algal biofilm growth under specific conditions. T2 - International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 21.06.2023 KW - Concrete KW - Façade KW - Bio-receptive KW - Extracellular polymeric substances KW - Fractional factorial PY - 2023 UR - https://www.rilem.net/agenda/5th-international-conference-on-bio-based-building-materials-1501 AN - OPUS4-58976 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hirsch, T. A1 - Voigt, Marieke A1 - Lehmann, Christian A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Lothenbach, B. T1 - Impact of autoclaving on the phase assemblage of Portland cement: Experiment and thermodynamic modelling N2 - Even after autoclaving for 2 weeks in the temperature range of 120 to 200 °C, CEM I paste with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.5 still contains some low-crystalline C-S-H. The conversion of low-crystalline C-S-H to crystalline is faster with increasing temperature. The observed low-crystalline and crystalline C-S-H phases (reinhardbraunsite, jaffeite) indicate that the samples have not reached equilibrium yet under these experimental conditions. However, there is a good agreement between experiment and thermodynamic modelling for the other solids indicating that the used datasets are suitable for this application. T2 - 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of cement 2023 - ICCC2023 CY - Bangkok, Thailand DA - 18.09.2023 KW - Zement KW - Thermodynamik KW - Phasenzusammensetzung KW - Mineralogie KW - Modellierung PY - 2023 UR - https://iccc2023.org AN - OPUS4-58967 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Seeber, Henrik A1 - Grobert, Steffen A1 - Krentel, Daniel A1 - Gerbeit, Marco A1 - Grasse, Dennis A1 - Donner, Marcel A1 - Hauer, Thorsten T1 - Experimenteller Ansatz zur Untersuchung der primären Explosionswirkung N2 - Explosionsverletzungen gehören zu den häufigsten Verletzungen bei militärischen Einsätzen. Während die Auswirkungen von Splittern, die als sekundäre Explosionsverletzungen eingestuft werden, durch die modernen ballistischen Körperschutzsysteme der Polizei und des Militärs minimiert werden konnten, stellen die Auswirkungen der Stoßwellenausbreitung im Körper als Teil des primären Explosionstraumas nach wie vor eine ernsthafte Bedrohung dar. Zusätzlich zu einzelnen einsatzbedingten Lastfällen liegt ein wissenschaftlicher Fokus auf besonders exponiertem Personal, z.B. aus den Einsatzbereichen „Taktische Zugangstechnik“, „Präzisionsschützenwesen“ oder Steilfeuerwaffen (Mörser). Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) können gesundheitliche Langzeitschädigungen wie und chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) erzeugen. Um einen Beitrag zur Erforschung der primären Explosionswirkungen zu leisten, hat die Bundeswehr in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Berlin und der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) ein interdisziplinäres wehrmedizinisches Sonderforschungsvorhaben eingerichtet. Ziel der geplanten Untersuchung ist die Entwicklung einer multidisziplinären Methode zur Analyse des Stoßwellenverhaltens in verschiedenen generischen Gewebesimulanzien, sowie Schutzmaterialien unter möglichst realitätsnahen und reproduzierbaren Bedingungen. Für die Erzeugung reproduzierbarer Stoßwellen wurde ein Autoklav (Druckbehälter) entwickelt, mit dem durch die detonative Umsetzung eines Acetylen-Sauerstoff-Gemisches gut reproduzierbare Druckwellen unter Freifeldbedingungen erzeugt werden können. Vorteile dieser Methode sind unter anderem die kurzen Rüstzeiten zwischen Versuchsdurchgängen, die Minimierung störender Einflüsse im Vergleich zu Stoßwellenrohren und die geringeren Sicherheitsanforderungen im Vergleich zur Anwendung von konventionellen Sprengstoffen. Das generische Torso-Modell besteht in seiner einfachsten Form aus einem mit Druck- und Beschleunigungssensoren instrumentierten Gelatineblock, welcher eine Simulanz für organisches Gewebe darstellt. Zur Untersuchung des Stoßwellenverhaltens wurden verschiedene Medien, wie Hohlkörper, Festkörper und Gewebesimulanzien differenter Dichte in das generische Torso-Modell eingebracht. Einen besonderer Untersuchungsschwerpunkt bildeten die Grenzbereiche zwischen den unterschiedlichen Medien. Des Weiteren wurde analysiert, wie sich verschiedene Schutzmaterialien auf das Stoßwellenverhalten auswirken und mit welchen veränderten Eigenschaften die Stoßwelle anschließend in die Gewebesimulanz einkoppelt. T2 - Angewandte Forschung für Verteidigung und Sicherheit in Deutschland CY - Bonn, Germany DA - 19.03.2024 KW - Primäre Explosionswirkug KW - Blast injury KW - Pressure wave KW - Druckwelle PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-59474 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sediqi, Salmin A1 - Ozcan, Ozlem A1 - Witt, Julia T1 - Multi-principal element alloy nanoparticle (MPEA-NP) electrocatalysts prepared by pulsed laser ablation for electroreduction of CO2 N2 - Multi-principal element alloy (MPEA) nanoparticle electrocatalysts have the potential to provide a cost-effective and efficient alternative to noble metal electrocatalysts. The chemically complex nature and the high configurational entropy of MPEAs offer advantages in tailoring catalytic activity, product selectivity, and improved stability under harsh reaction conditions. Cu-containing bimetallic catalyst systems have already been demonstrated to lead to a significant increase in catalytic efficiency compared to monometallic systems. Thus, this project aims at the design of Cu-containing MPEAs and nanoparticle electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction reaction. In this project, base alloys were prepared by means of arc melting with subsequent homogenization treatments and processed by pulsed laser ablation in water and organic solvents into high-purity nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Electrochemical testing was performed both on bulk alloy samples and nanoparticle film coated glassy carbon electrodes by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Nanoparticle coated electrodes have been investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) to assure a homogeneous distribution on the electrode surface. The presentation will summarize our initial results on the electrocatalytic activity of Cu-MPEA system for carbon dioxide reduction. T2 - OPERANDO SPM 2023 CY - Berlin DA - 15.11.2023 KW - Chemically Complex Materials KW - CCMat KW - Electrocatalysis PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59402 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sediqi, Salmin A1 - Ozcan, Ozlem A1 - Witt, Julia T1 - Multi-principal element alloy nanoparticle (MPEA-NP) electrocatalysts prepared by pulsed laser ablation for electroreduction of CO2 N2 - The motivation and overall objective of the project are to develop electrocatalysts that are free of noble metals (e.g., Pt or Au) and are instead based on medium and high entropy alloys (MEA\HEA) of transition metals for the electrochemical reduction of CO2. The MEA\HEA are multi principal element alloys (MPEAs) consisting of more than three elements with almost equal alloying proportions, forming solid solutions without intermetallic phases. In such a crystal structure, the individual elements are well mixed, and each atom has different nearest neighbours. In catalysis, especially in selectivity, it is precisely this atomic chaos that matters. Due to the large number of possible combinations of elements, these materials offer excellent conditions to tune their functional properties for specific applications. Especially, catalyst systems in which Cu is combined with another metallic component show a significant increase in catalytic efficiency compared to monometallic systems. Since the catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability of electrocatalysts strongly depend on the size and surface, systematic studies on the influence of the organic stabilizers on heterogeneous catalysis are also of interest. The focus of this project is to design Cu-based MEA\HEA electrocatalysts on the atomic level. For this purpose, base alloys will be prepared, processed into high-purity nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation, and tested as electrocatalysts. T2 - Tag der Chemie 2023 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 05.07.2023 KW - Chemically Complex Materials KW - CCMat KW - Electrocatalysis PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59403 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Artinov, Antoni A1 - Karkhin, V. A1 - Meng, Xiangmeng A1 - Bachmann, Marcel A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - A General Analytical Solution for Two-Dimensional Columnar Crystal Growth during Laser Beam Welding of Thin Steel Sheets N2 - The main solidification parameters, namely the crystal axis, the growth rate, and the cross-sectional area of the columnar crystal control the primary microstructure and thus the final weld seam properties. Limited understanding of solidification parameters due to complexities in experimental and theoretical weld pool boundary determination and its mathematical description. Application of local Lamé curves for efficient weld pool boundary reconstruction Derivation of general analytical solutions for the main solidification parameters of a two-dimensional columnar crystal growth during laser beam welding of thin steel sheets. The Lamé curves approximation technique was successfully applied for the reconstruction of the rear part of the two-dimensional steady-state weld pool boundary. General analytical expressions for the main solidification parameters, namely the crystal axis, the growth rate and the cross-sectional area of the crystal were derived. The derived expressions and herewith obtained results were verified and validated by comparing them to known theoretical solutions and experimental measurements. Dimensionless analysis of the influence of the size and shape of the rear weld pool boundary on the solidification parameters was provided. The derived general solutions and the analysis provided allow for critical welding parameters to be estimated and adapted accordingly to improve the welding process. T2 - 3rd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes CY - Braga, Portugal DA - 19.10.2023 KW - Laser beam welding KW - Analytical solution KW - Columnar crystal growth PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59174 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Keshmiri, Hamid T1 - Bidiffractive leaky-mode biosensor N2 - This study details a thorough analysis of leaky and waveguide modes in biperiodic diffractive nanostructures. By tuning diffraction orders and subsequently confining local density of optical states at two distinct resonance wavelengths, we present a highly sensitive refractive index biosensing platform that can resolve 35.5 to 41.3 nm/RIU of spectral shift for two separate biological analytes. T2 - EMBL Symposium: Seeing is Believing - Imaging the Molecular Processes of Life CY - Heidelberg, Germany DA - 04.10.2023 KW - Optics PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59247 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Keshmiri, Hamid T1 - Plasmon-enhanced diffractive supercells N2 - Multiple diffractive surface modulations can concurrently couple the light to several electromagnetic surface waves. We present a multi-resonant plasmonic supercell structure with a broad range of applicability in harvesting the light over an extensive wavelength range and angles of incidence. T2 - Molecular Plasmonics 2023 CY - Jena, Germany DA - 11.05.2023 KW - Optics PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59248 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bayerlein, Bernd T1 - Focused ion beam techniques beyond the ordinary - Methodological developments within ADVENT N2 - This poster presents the focused ion beam preparation methodologies developed within the framework of the EU funded EURAMET project ADVENT (Advanced Energy-Saving Technology). It summarises the key breakthroughs achieved for various in situ investigation techniques, e.g. in situ experiments at the Synchrotron facility BESSY II (IR-SNOM and XRS), TEM and SMM instrumentation. The created experimental devices from diverse thin-film semiconductor materials paved the way to dynamic structural studies bearing the potential to determine nanoscale correlations between strain and electric fields and, moreover, for the fundamental development of new in situ capabilities. N2 - Dieses Poster zeigt die FIB Präparationstechniquen, die im Rahmen des EU-finanzierten EURAMET-Projekts ADVENT (Advanced Energy Saving Technology) entwickelt wurden. Es fasst die wichtigsten Errungenschaften zusammen, die für verschiedene in situ Untersuchungstechniken erzielt wurden, z.B. situ-Experimente in dem Synchrotronring BESSY II (IR-SNOM und XRS), in situ TEM Experimente und für die SMM Technik. Die experimentellen Probenstrukturen, die aus verschiedenen Dünnschicht-Halbleitermaterialien erzeugt wurden, ebneten den Weg für dynamische Strukturstudien, die das Potenzial haben, nanoskalige Korrelationen zwischen Dehnung und elektrischen Feldern zu bestimmen und darüber hinaus neue in situ Messmethoden zu entwickeln. T2 - Final Meeting CY - Online Meeting DA - 30.06.2020 KW - FIB KW - Sample preparation KW - In situ KW - TEM KW - AFM PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51606 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -