TY - CONF A1 - Koclega, Damian A1 - Radziszewska, A. A1 - Dymek, S. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Corrosion behaviour of Ni-Cr-Mo-W coatings in environments containing sulfur N2 - The ferritic steel 13CrMo4-5 due to good properties with relation to attractive price is frequently use in power plants industry. According EN10028-2 this steel can be used up to 570 °C because of its creep behavior but its corrosion resistance limits the use frequently to lower temperatures, depending on gas temperature and slag formation. The corrosion test were performed in environment containing mixture of gases like: O2, COx, SOx and ashes, with elements e.g. Na, Cl, Ca, Si, C, Fe, Al. Exposure time was respectively 240 h, 1000 h and 4500 h in temperature 600 °C. The oxide scale on the 13CrMo4-5 steel was significant thicker than for In686 coating and the difference increase according for longer exposure time. The microstructure, chemical and phase composition of the oxide scales were investigated by means of a light microscope, the electron scanning and transmission microscopes (SEM,TEM) equipped with the EDS detectors. T2 - Gordon Research Conference CY - New London, New Hampshire, USA DA - 21.07.2019 KW - High temperature KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Laser cladding KW - Inconel 686 KW - Aggressive environment PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49358 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - von Werder, Julia T1 - Hydrothermal Treatment of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete: Mechanical Propertoes and Phase Composition N2 - The advantages of treating prefabricated components made of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UCPC) at 90 °C are largely recognized, while hydrothermal treatment at 185 °C and the corresponding saturation pressure of 1.1 MPa, in contrast, is not applied in building practice so far and was studied only by a few researchers. In the research presented, the parameters pre-storage-time before treatment and dwell time in the autoclave were systematically varied. The results illustrate in which way compressive strength increases with the duration of treatment. Already samples which were only heated up and immediately cooled down show an increase in strength compared to the 28-day reference of about 10 %. After 20 h the maximum increase of about 25 % is reached. Interestingly the compressive strength of samples treated very long hardly decreases. It can be therefore concluded that for the composition investigated the achievable mechanical strength is not severely sensitive regarding the duration of the treatment. Also, pre-storage times before autoclaving longer than 0.5 days showed no significant impact on strength development. The phase composition measured by XRD exhibits significant changes compared to the reference. The amount of ettringite and portlandite have vanished, the cement clinker phases are substantially decreased and hydroxylellestadite and hydrogarnet are formed as new phases. The increase in strength can be assigned to an improved pozzolanic and hydraulic reaction. Contradictory to literature, there was found no obermorite, a mineral which is known to be susceptible for disintegration at Long autoclaving duration. This explains why no significant strength loss appeared. T2 - 15th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement CY - Prague, Czech Republik DA - 16.09.2019 KW - Hydrothermal treatment KW - UHPC KW - Phase composition KW - Mechanical strength PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49469 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ziemann, M. A. T1 - Insight into Concrete Deterioration with Raman Spectroscopy N2 - Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a serious Problem concerning the deterioration of concrete. This leads to significant maintenance and reconstruction costs for concrete infrastructures all over the world. The geographical regions, which play a major role in concrete deterioration, are for example coastal Areas or in general, areas with a high air humidity/salinity due to closeness of rivers or lakes. These exemplary results show, the application of Raman spectroscopy establishes a valuable approach for characterizing the chemical and structural composition of ASR-products. The results prove the potential to trace the kind of reaction products, developing in dependence on the aggregate and to follow up its local alteration from origin of the gel. T2 - 10th International Congress on the Application of Raman Spectroscopy in Art and Archaeology (RAA2019) CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 03.09.2019 KW - Building Materials KW - Alkali-silica-reaction KW - ASR KW - Raman Spectroscopy PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49471 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stroh, Julia T1 - In situ full phase analysis of the early cement hydration N2 - Fresh cement paste is a suspension consisting of a hydraulic binder (cement), water, and numerous minor components – admixtures. Addition of admixtures aims at specific modification of properties of the fresh cement paste or hardened cementitious building material. Specific admixtures, so-called superplasticizers (SP), are used to improve the flowability of the fresh cement paste with reduced water content. The latter is the starting material for the high-strength concrete. Thus, SPs are essential for the ambitious construction projects. However, uncontrollable retardation of the setting time in presence of SPs is occasionally observed. Obviously, SPs influence early products of the cement hydration leading to changes in the microstructure development. The hardening is thus delayed, and the quality of the resulting building material suffers. The mechanisms of the admixture action during the hydration process are still intensively investigated [1-7]. A detailed understanding of the admixture effects during the early hydration stage is the key to control and individual adjustment of the cement-based construction materials. We use the unique combination of the wall-free sample holder and the time-resolved X-ray scattering analysis to achieve the full information about the hydrate phases formed under the influence of admixtures. We use ultrasonic levitator to start the cement hydration in levitated cement pellets [8, 9]. The sample levitation allows collection of the unimpaired information about cement hydrate phases. The most beneficial is the avoiding of the contributions of the sample holder material to the data signal. We induce the cement hydration by adding water to unhydrated Portland cement during the data acquisition. The full phase composition of the hydrating cementitious system can be gathered in situ using wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). During the hydration of cement both crystalline and amorphous hydrate phases are formed. WAXS data contain the information about crystalline phases behind the Bragg reflections, whereas the amorphous hydrates influence the appearance of the background. Application of the data analysis specific for crystalline or amorphous phases is needed. The data quantification by the Rietveld method allows to conclude about the changes of the phase amounts due to the presence of admixture. The calculation of the pair distribution functions allows analysis of the amorphous hydrates. Based on this information, the SP effects and the extent of their involvement into the ongoing reactions can be concluded. A detailed understanding of the complex cement hydration process is envisioned. T2 - Anakon 2019 CY - Münster, Germany DA - 25.03.2019 KW - Cement KW - Admixtures KW - Pair Distribution Functions KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Total scattering analysis PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47664 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Haferkamp, Sebastian A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - In situ investigations of mechanochemical reactions N2 - Mechanochemistry paves the way to simple, fast, and green syntheses. Despite considerable effort, there remains a lack in understanding of the underlying mechanisms. In situ investigations help to understand these mechanisms, which occur during a mechanochemical reaction. Here we present a universal strategy for simultaneous real-time in situ analysis, combining X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and thermography. The potential of our approach is shown for different model reactions. T2 - ANAKON 2019 CY - Münster, Germany DA - 25.03.2019 KW - In situ KW - Mechanochemistry KW - Milling PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47701 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lange, Thorid T1 - Nanoskalige Haftvermittler zur Erhöhung der Haft- bzw. Klebfestigkeit unter Verwendung von ALD-Hybridprozessen N2 - Ziel des Projektes HARFE (Haftfestigkeit Reproduzierbarkeit Festigkeit) war es, eine Er-höhung der Haft- bzw. Klebfestigkeit auf Niedrigenergie-Polymeren (PE, PP, PTFE) zu erreichen. SENTECH realisierte dazu plasmachemische Oberflächenaktivierungen mit O2 und die Abscheidung von Aluminiumoxidschichten (Al2O3) mittels Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), wobei die Ellipsometrie zum in-situ Monitoring der ALD-Prozesse diente. Die BAM charakterisierte die modifizierten Oberflächen bezüglich der Oberflächenenergie (OFE) und bestimmte die Verbund- bzw. Klebfestigkeit mittels der Zentrifugentechnologie T2 - 14. ThGOT Thementage Grenz- und Oberflächentechnik und 6. Kolloquium Dünne Schichten in der Optik CY - Zeulenroda, Germany DA - 12.03.2019 KW - Haftvermittler KW - ALD-Hybridprozesse KW - Klebfestigkeit KW - Atomic Layer Deposition KW - Al2O3-Schichten KW - Oberflächenenergie PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47653 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Trappe, Volker T1 - Multiaxial fatigue damage of glass fiber reinforced polymers N2 - Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) are a well established material in lightweight applications, e.g. in automotive, aerospace or wind energy. The FRP components are subjected to multiaxial mechanical as well as hygrothermal loads. Common operation temperatures are in the range of 213 K and 373 K (-60 °C and 100 °C) at a relative humidity of 10% to 90%. In spacecraft applications, the environmental conditions are even more extreme. However, the correlation between multiaxial mechanical loading and harsh environment conditions have to-date not been investigated in detail. The project aims to investigate the fatigue behavior of FRPs dependent on multiaxial mechanical loading, temperature, and humidity. Extensive experimental testing is performed on flat plate and cylindrical tube specimens, accompanied by numerical and analytical calculations. T2 - 24. Nationales SAMPE Symposium CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 06.02.2019 KW - Composite KW - Fatigue KW - Thermomechanics KW - Distributed fiber optic sensors PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47335 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Szymoniak, Paulina T1 - Multiple Glassy Dynamics of an Asymmetric PVME/PS Blend Investigated by Broadband Dielectric and Specific Heat Spectroscopy N2 - Over the past decades research on the molecular dynamics of miscible polymer blends is of topical interest in the literature, to understand the segmental mobility of individual components, as it is affected by blending. In general, miscible polymer blends exhibit a complex dynamic behavior. For an A/B blend the relaxation times of component A and component B are affected by the spatial local compositional heterogeneity, present in binary systems on a microscopic level, regardless of the macroscopic homogeneity. Here, a combination of broadband dielectric and specific heat spectroscopy was employed to study the dynamically asymmetric PVME/PS blend with seven different compositions, focusing on samples with high PS contents. Considering that PS is dielectrically invisible, BDS is a powerful technique to study the response of PVME, as it is affected by PS segments. Here, three separate relaxation processes were found by dielectric investigations, related to confined or constrained PVME segments due to the spatial local compositional heterogeneities, which is in contrary to the previous literature findings [1]. Moreover, the dielectric data was compared with results obtained by specific heat spectroscopy, where a fourth relaxation process was found, due to the cooperative fluctuations of PVME and PS. [1] Colmenero, J., Arbe, A. Soft Matter, 2007, 3, 1474. T2 - DPG-Frühjahrstagung 2019 CY - Regensburg, Germany DA - 01.04.2019 KW - Specific heat spectroscopy KW - Polymer blends KW - Dielectric spectroscopy PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47764 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gawek, Marcel T1 - Growth Kinetics and Molecular Mobility of Irreversibly Adsorbed Layers in Thin Polymer Films N2 - In well-annealed thin polymer films, with non-repulsive polymer/substrate interactions, an irreversibly adsorbed layer is formed. These adsorbed layers have shown enormous potential for technological applications. The growth kinetics and molecular dynamics of these buried layers in thin films are still not fully investigated due to the hard accessibility. Here, the irreversibly adsorbed layers of homopolymer thin films are revealed by solvent-leaching experiments. The growth kinetics of these layers is investigated as a function of original film thickness and annealing times. The thickness, topography and quality of the adsorbed layer is determined with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Additionally, the molecular mobility of the adsorbed layer is investigated with Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS). A recently developed nanostructured capacitor (NSC) is employed to measure the adsorbed layers with a free surface layer depending on annealing and solvent-leaching time. The results are quantitatively compared and discussed with respect to recently published work. T2 - Spring Meeting of German Physical Society CY - Regensburg, Germany DA - 31.03.2019 KW - Adsorbed layer KW - Thin polymeric films PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47767 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Falk, Florian T1 - Microstructural impact on high temperature oxidation behavior of Fe-Cr-C model alloys N2 - Chromia forming high alloyed ferritic-austenitic steels are being used as boiler tube materials in biomass and coal-biomass co-fired power plants. Despite thermodynamic and kinetic boundary conditions, microstructural features such as grain orientation, grain sizes or surface deformation contribute to the oxidation resistance and formation of protective chromium-rich oxide layers. This study elucidates the impact of microstructure such as the grain size and number of carbide precipitates on high temperature oxidation at 650°C in 0.5% SO2 atmosphere. Cold-rolled Fe-16Cr-0.2C material was heat-treated to obtain two additional microstructures. After exposure to hot and reactive gases for 10 h < t < 1000 h layer thicknesses and microstructure of oxide scales are observed by scanning electron microscopy and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The two heat treated alloys showed reasonable oxidation resistance after 1000 h of exposure. The oxidation rate was substantially higher for the alloy with a duplex matrix after heat treatment compared to the fine-grained material. T2 - Gordon Research Conference CY - New London, New Hampshire, USA DA - 21.07.2019 KW - Corrosion KW - Microstructure KW - Oxidation KW - Sulfidation PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49212 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -