TY - CONF A1 - Sobetzki, Joana A1 - Le Manchet, S. A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Corrosion Resistance of the Super-Austenitic Stainless Steel UNS S31266 for Geothermal Applications N2 - Super-austenitic stainless steels cover grades with high chromium (20 to 27 %), high nickel (18 to 31 %) and high molybdenum (4 to 6 %) contents. Within this family, the 6%Mo high nitrogen grade S31266 was developed to combine the beneficial influence of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum and nitrogen on its mechanical and corrosion properties. Due to 22 % nickel, 24 % chromium and 0.4 % nitrogen additions, this alloy exhibits a very stable microstructure, being less prone to intermetallic phase precipitation than the other highly alloyed super-austenitic stainless steels. This paper deals with the corrosion resistance of S31266 in artificial geothermal water with moderate salinity and low pH. Long-term static exposures and electrochemical tests were conducted at various temperatures to evaluate the pitting, crevice and stress corrosion cracking resistance of this material. The results show that S31266 is resistant up to 220 °C. As a consequence, it can be a good candidate material for geothermal applications involving a highly corrosive environment, especially salinity and low pH. T2 - NACE International Corrosion Conference 2107 CY - New Orleans LA, USA DA - 26.03.2017 KW - Geothermal energy KW - S31266 KW - Crevice corrosion KW - Super-austenitic stainless steel PY - 2017 SP - Paper 8825, 1 EP - 11 PB - NACE CY - Houston TX, USA AN - OPUS4-39830 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Sobetzki, Joana A1 - Le Manchet, S. T1 - Corrosion Resistance of the Super-Austenitic Stainless Steel UNS S31266 for Geothermal Applications N2 - Super-austenitic stainless steels cover grades with high chromium (20 to 27 %), high nickel (18 to 31 %) and high molybdenum (4 to 6 %) contents. Within this family, the 6%Mo high nitrogen grade S31266 was developed to combine the beneficial influence of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum and nitrogen on its mechanical and corrosion properties. Due to 22 % nickel, 24 % chromium and 0.4 % nitrogen additions, this alloy exhibits a very stable microstructure, being less prone to intermetallic phase precipitation than the other highly alloyed super-austenitic stainless steels. This paper deals with the corrosion resistance of S31266 in artificial geothermal water with moderate salinity and low pH. Long-term static exposures and electrochemical tests were conducted at various temperatures to evaluate the pitting, crevice and stress corrosion cracking resistance of this material. The results show that S31266 is resistant up to 220 °C. As a consequence, it can be a good candidate material for geothermal applications involving a highly corrosive environment, especially salinity and low pH. T2 - NACE International Corrosion Conference 2107 CY - New Orleans LA, USA DA - 26.03.2017 KW - Geothermal energy KW - Crevice corrosion KW - S31266 KW - Super-austenitic stainless steel PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-39832 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Russian steel grades (Book review) N2 - This new volume fulfills its intension of providing designers and purchasers a compact overview of comparable Russian and European steel grades. KW - Standard KW - Materials KW - Steel PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002maco.201770014 VL - 68 IS - 1 SP - 106 EP - 106 PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-43693 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Materials science and engineering (Book review) N2 - This book provides some original, theoretical and experimental results in form of research reports or lecture notes, whereas the connection between each chapter and the order of arrangement are, at least for the reviewer, unclear. KW - Physicochemistry KW - Properties KW - Treatment PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002maco.201770034 SN - 1521-4176 VL - 68 IS - 3 SP - 377 EP - 377 PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-43695 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Challenges in corrosion (Book review) N2 - Finally it can be concluded that this book fulfills its aim of being an attempt to present the subject of corrosion in a simple form. It introduces students into the world of corrosion making them familiar with general knowledge and certain kinds of approaches of assessing corrosion. KW - Corrosion KW - Material KW - Cost PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201770044 SN - 1521-4176 VL - 68 IS - 4 SP - 484 EP - 484 PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-43697 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Materials Data Sheets Copper (Book review) N2 - Finally, this book fulfills its intension of facilitating the materials selection regarding current technical and normative aspects for all users, recyclers, test personnel and byers of Cu-materials in all kinds of applications. The well-structured data provide a reliable help for making decisions when applying or using Cu-alloys within the daily business. It shall not be missed in their book-shelfs. KW - Copper KW - Standard KW - Properties PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201770074 SN - 1521-4176 VL - 68 IS - 7 SP - 801 EP - 801 PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-43699 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Corrosion control through organic coatings (Book review) N2 - Finally it can be summarized that this book fulfills its intention of providing theoretical background and examples for practical applications of coatings used for corrosion protection. It can be recommended to those being interested in coatings, serving as an overview on aspects which needs to be considered when working with such systems. KW - Coating KW - Corrosion KW - Pipeline PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201770094 SN - 1521-4176 VL - 68 IS - 9 SP - 1014 EP - 1014 PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-43706 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Evaluation of the Resistance of Metallic Materials under the Influence of Biofuels N2 - Changes in fuel composition and the introduction of alternative fuels often create problems of corrosion and degradation in materials. The objective of this research was to determine the corrosion behaviour of commercial metallic tank materials (unalloyed steels, austenitic CrNi- and CrNiMo-steels, aluminium and its alloys) in fuels and heating oil with admixtures of biogenic sources, such as gasoline with addition of ethanol (E10, E85), pure biodiesel and heating oil with 10 % biodiesel (B10). Metallic tank materials were evaluated as resistant in a liquid if the annual corrosion rate due to uniform corrosion did not exceed 0.1 mm/year, and localized corrosion effects in the form of pitting corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and crevice corrosion did not occur. The corrosion rates of the tank materials after exposure to E10, E85, non-aged and two-year aged pure biodiesel, and non-aged and one-year aged heating oil B10 for four weeks at 50 °C, according to DIN 50905/4, were well below the limit of 0.1 mm/year. For the unalloyed steels, the formation of rust was observed independently of the biofuels amount of ageing. U-bend specimens made of unalloyed steel were not damaged in form of stress corrosion cracking in all test fuels at this test temperature. T2 - CORROSION 2017 CY - New Orleans, LA, USA DA - 26.03.2017 KW - Biodiesel KW - Bioethanol KW - Tank materials KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Stress corrosion cracking PY - 2017 SP - Paper No 8854, 1 EP - 12 PB - NACE International Publications Division CY - Houston, Texas, USA AN - OPUS4-39638 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Le, Quynh Hoa A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Yevtushenko, Oleksandra A1 - Kratzig, Andreas A1 - Bettge, Dirk T1 - Synergistic effects of impurities in the condensate on the corrosion of CO2 transport pipeline N2 - For the reliability of transport pipelines the corrosion resistance of the materials used needs to be determined in conditions, which are possible during the transport process. In some situations condensation of components out of the CO2 stream can occur. To study the effect of condensate on transport pipeline steel, a “worst-case scenario” gas mixture, containing 2.5 % H2O, 1.8 % O2, 1000 ppmv NO2, and 220 ppmv SO2, was proposed, fed (1.5 L/min) into a glass reactor containing coupon-shaped specimens for 120 600 h at 278 K (to simulate the underground pipeline transport), and resulted in the condensate containing 0.114 M H2SO4 and 0.0184 M HNO3 (pH 2.13). Basing on this “original” condensate, exposure tests and electrochemical characterization together with pH and conductivity in CO2 saturated condition at the same temperature were carried out. The role of each gas impurity and the combination of them, when the condensate is formed, was studied by investigating the role of individual and varying combination of acidic components in the condensate on the corrosion behaviors of the commercial pipeline-steel (L360NB). It can be concluded that although the condensation of NOx in form of HNO3 causes faster corrosion rate, it is the condensation of SOx or the combination of SOx and NOx that may cause much more severe problems in form of localized and pitting corrosions. Different to the corrosion products formed in CO2 atmosphere without impurities (mainly iron carbonate) the corrosion products resulted from these acidic condensation have no protectability, indicating the need of controlling gas quality during the transportation within the pipeline network. T2 - EUROCORR 2017 - PRAG CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 03.09.2017 KW - CCUS KW - CO2 corrosion KW - Carbon steels KW - Condensate PY - 2017 SP - Paper 75636,.1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-41874 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kratzig, Andreas A1 - Le, Quynh Hoa A1 - Bettge, Dirk A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Kranzmann, Axel ED - EUROCORR, T1 - Interaction of oxidizing and reductive components in CO2 fluids in transport pipelines at low and high pressure and low temperature N2 - Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is a promising technology for the reduction of CO2 emissions, e.g. from fossil-fuel operated power plants or cement mills. Crucial points for a sustainable and future-proof CCUS procedure are reliability and cost efficiency of the pipeline transport network. Due to the absence of certified benchmarks for upper limits, systematic experiments with impurities in the CO2 stream were carried out. For oxidation processes SO2 and NO2 acted as corrosive components, and for reductive atmosphere H2S. Carbon steel L485MB (pipeline), martensitic steel 1.4313 (compression) and austenitic steel 1.4562 (injection) were selected as specimens. Experiments were performed at 0 bar or 100 bar and within a temperature range 278 K ≤ T ≤ 313 K. High-alloyed Cr-Ni steels revealed no corrosion (1.4562, 1.4313), while for carbon steel considerable corrosion was observed. The type and intensity of corrosion was strongly coupled with the applied corrosive species and the level of humidity in the CO2 stream, leading to different compositions of acidic condensates. Applying a reducing atmosphere results in very little corrosion rates, but provokes pitting corrosion. In contrast, oxidizing or mixed settings lead to a clearly increased growth of the corrosion layer, but exhibit shallow uniform corrosion. Exceptional nitric acid results in intergranular corrosion. Investigations on the specimens were carried out by optical microscopy, XRD, SEM/EDX, and AAS/IC. T2 - EUROCORR 2017 CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 03.09.2017 KW - CCS KW - Pipeline transport KW - CO2 corrosion KW - Carbon steels KW - Condensation PY - 2017 SP - Paper 80181, 1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-41918 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -