TY - GEN A1 - Nolze, Gert ED - Sen Gupta, S. P. ED - Chatterjee, P. T1 - PowderCell : a mixture between crystal structure visualizer, simulation and refinement tool N2 - The program PowderCell is a crystallographic tool for visualization of Crystal structures. However, it offers also non-conventional features like the fulautomatical generation of subgroups or the consideration of non-standard settings of space-group types. On the one Hand the program is very useful for non-crystallographers who like to get an impression of the atomic arrangement within the unit cell. But also for crystallographers it is recommendable because it contains a lot of additional information which can be extracted and used like data given in the International Tables for Crystallography, Vol. A. However, the most important advantage of the program is the simultaneous calculation of the X-ray or neutron diffraction powder patterns for a mixture of up to 10 crystalline phases. Between more than 7 different characteristic radiations can be chosen and their influence on the resulting powder pattern can be studied. Furthermore, experimental diffractograms can be analysed using a refinement procedure. The implemented LeBail-algorithm allows the investigation of unknown phases. In combination with the refinement algorithm an interface to Shelx offers the possibility for a step by step ab initio structure analysis. Certainly, the user-friendly shell is one reason that especially users who are not so familar with space-group symmetry, crystal structure data or diffractometry use this powerful tool for the solution of scientific or analytical problems as well as in teaching. KW - XRD KW - Simulation KW - Crystal structure KW - Neutron diffraction PY - 2002 SN - 8177642626 SN - 9788177642629 SP - 146 EP - 155 PB - Allied Publishers CY - Kolkata, India AN - OPUS4-38035 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nolze, Gert ED - Sen Gupta, S. P. ED - Chatterjee, P. T1 - The determination of residual stress N2 - X-ray stress analysis on crystalline materials is based on the determination of elastic lattice strains. The strains described by the shift of peak positions are converted to stresses by the means of theory of elasticity. The development of the sin2ψ-method of X-ray stress analysis introduced an enormous progress in X-ray stress analysis during the last decades. This report outlines some important elements of X-ray physics and fundamentals of theory of elasticity. The Standard measuring procedure are described and special experimental differences to the common powder diffractometry are outlined. KW - XRD KW - Residual stress PY - 2002 SN - 81-7764-262-6 SN - 9788177642629 SP - 77 EP - 83 PB - Allied Publishers CY - Kolkata, India AN - OPUS4-38036 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilz, K. A1 - Pohl, J. A1 - Rühe, S. A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Casperson, Ralf T1 - Online-Schweißnahterkennung von Schienenprüfzügen mittels Wirbelstromverfahren N2 - Zur Detektion von Schweißnähten an verlegten Schienen gehört deren Identifikation und Lokalisation. Die Aufgabe, Schweißnähte derart zu detektieren, stellt sich bei der Prüfung eines Gleisnetzes auf Schädigungen, aber auch unabhängig davon. T2 - Jahrestagung Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung 2003 CY - Mainz, Deutschland DA - 26.05.2003 PY - 2003 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/dgzfp03/papers/v07/v07.htm SN - 3-931381-47-1 N1 - Serientitel: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. – Series title: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. IS - 83-CD SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - DGZfP CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-3491 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Paz, B. A1 - Meyer, H.-P. A1 - Varychev, A. A1 - Rosner, M. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Behrendt, S. ED - Treister, M. ED - Yablonsky, L. T1 - Археометрические исследования стеклянных сосудов из погребений ранних кочевников Южного Приуралья T1 - Archäometrische Untersuchungen an achaimenidischen Glasgefäßen aus den Gräbern der frühen Nomaden des südlichen Urals N2 - Die untersuchten Gläser lassen sich in drei Gruppen einteilen. Die beiden Fragmente aus der Nekropole von Pjatimary deuten auf eine frühe Herstellungszeit hin und lassen sich mit eisenzeitlichen Fragmenten iranischer Herkunft vergleichen. Die Glasfunde aus der Nekropole Filippovka bestehen aus völlig unterschiedlichen Glasmaterialien und müssen einer späteren Herstellungszeit zugeordnet werden. Sowohl die unterschiedlichen Rezepturen als auch der definitive Hinweis auf verschiedene Rohstoffquellen zur Herstellung der untersuchten Gläser, lassen ein breitgefächertes Netz von weitreichenden Handelsbeziehungen erkennen. KW - Archäometrie KW - Isotopenverhältnisse Strontium und Blei KW - Elementanalyse KW - Massenspektrometrie KW - Herkunft PY - 2012 SN - 978-5-903011-85-8 VL - 1 SP - 262 EP - 267 PB - TAUS CY - Moskau AN - OPUS4-26899 LA - rus AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Rosner, M. ED - Babbi, A. ED - Peltz, U. T1 - Bleiisotopenanalyse der römischen >Tabella Defixionis< N2 - Blei weist in der Natur die vier stabilen Isotope 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb und 208Pb auf, mit den entsprechenden Isotopenhäufigkeiten von 1,4%, 24,1 %, 22,1 % und 52,4 %686. Dabei sind 206Pb, 207Pb und 208Pb radiogene Isotope, welche als Endglieder der natürlichen Zerfallsreihen von 238U, 235U und 232Th entstanden sind. 204Pb ist ein sogenanntes primordiales Isotop, welches bereits vor Entstehung der Erde vorhanden war. Aufgrund dieser Prozesse weisen Gesteine, Mineralien und Erze eine charakteristische Bleiisotopenzusammensetzung auf, die von der Ausgangskonzentration an Blei, Thorium und Uran sowie von der seit der Gesteinsgenese vergangenen Zeit abhängt. Diese Eigenschaft bleibt auch während der Bleigewinnung aus dem Erz, meist Galenit, erhalten, auch wenn das Silber vorher durch Kupellation abgetrennt wurde687. Das in Silbererzen enthaltene Blei war ein willkommenes Nebenprodukt der Erzverhüttung und wurde zur Herstellung von Bleiobjekten verwendet. Artefakte, die aus dem so gewonnenen Blei gefertigt wurden, spiegeln daher die Bleiisotopenzusammensetzung der verwendeten Rohmaterialien wider. KW - Blei KW - Isotopenzusammensetzung KW - Fluchtafel KW - Herkunft PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-88467-207-5 SN - 0171-1474 N1 - Serientitel: Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums – Series title: Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums VL - 109 SP - 182 EP - 184 PB - Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums CY - Mainz AN - OPUS4-29842 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Redmer, Bernhard A1 - Föllner, Maik ED - Babbi, A. ED - Peltz, U. T1 - Radiographische Untersuchungen der Bronzeobjekte N2 - Ziel der Durchstrahlung war es, anhand von Bearbeitungsspuren am Objekt auf die Fertigungstechnologie und damit auf die Formgebung des Gegenstandes schließen zu können. Dazu wurde die technische Radiographie mit Speicherfolientechnik als zerstörungsfreies und bildgebendes Prüfverfahren angewendet. KW - Kunst KW - Bronze KW - Röntgentechnik KW - Computer-Radiographie PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-88467-207-5 SN - 0171-1474 N1 - Serientitel: Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums – Series title: Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums IS - 109 SP - 165 EP - 172 PB - Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums CY - Mainz AN - OPUS4-29786 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - di Matteo, G. A1 - Staude, Andreas A1 - Kuhn, R. A1 - Hertel, I. A1 - Seyfried, F. A1 - Reiche, I. ED - Reiche, I. T1 - Investigation of Ancient Egyptian Metallic Artefacts by Means of Micro-Computed Tomography N2 - In this paper we present the results of imaging studies of ancient Egyptian metallic artifacts using micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT). Micro-CT is a non-destructive imaging method with high spatial resolution, which enables the examination of the internal structure of objects. It is thus especially suitable for the investigation of cultural heritage and archaeological findings, when it is not possible to sample or difficult to manipulate the object. Using specialized software for 3D visualization and segmentation, data sets of two objects were analyzed. We gained a clear view of the inner structure of a metallic archaeological artifact from the necropolis of Abusir el-Meleq, which is believed to be very ancient in the Egyptian archaeological context (from the Predynastic Era), and were able to distinguish its different omponents under the thick layers of external concretions. These components give hints about the production technology of the object. We also investigated the contents of a closed metal box found near Abusir dated to the Late/Greco-Roman Period. The identified Content corresponds either to sediments or to mineral remains of the original content of the box. Both artifacts are from excavations conducted in Egypt and are part of the archeological collection of the Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung in Berlin. KW - Computertomographie KW - computed tomography KW - Archäologie KW - archaeology KW - Metall KW - metal PY - 2015 SN - 0344-5089 VL - 23 SP - 79 EP - 84 CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-35432 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rabin, Ira ED - Elgvin, Torleif ED - Langlois, Michael ED - Davis, Kipp T1 - Material analysis of the fragments N2 - The International Qumran project conducted at the BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing in 2007–10 aimed at establishing an optimal methodology for an accurate characterization of the Dead Sea Scrolls to address such questions as archaeological provenance, origin, and attribution of fragments to a specific sheet (Rabin 2013). Using equipment of various degrees of complexity we have shown that part of the historic information stored in the material can be revealed by proper characterization of the material. The on-site investigation of the Dead Sea Scrolls fragments from The Schøyen Collection in October 2012 offered the first chance to test this methodology in a field study. For the first time, we used mobile and non-invasive technology exclusively, since we could not transport all of our laboratory equipment to Norway for this project. Moreover, besides the technical limitations dictated by the available equipment, we had to cope with limited time: it was impossible to perform the number of scans required for optimal characterization of over 30 fragments within the fourteen days available. Nevertheless this study presents an important step in the material analysis of the Dead Sea Scrolls, since the devices we used are easily transportable, well known, and easily accessible throughout the world. KW - Archaeometry KW - Cultural heritage KW - Dead Sea scrolls PY - 2016 SN - 978-0-5671-1300-9 SN - 978-0-5672-8571-3 VL - 71 SP - 61 EP - 77 PB - Bloomsbury T&T Clark Series CY - New York; NY 10018 USA AN - OPUS4-39246 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rabin, Ira ED - Elgvin, Torleif ED - Langlois, Michael ED - Davies, Kipp T1 - Ink Sample from Inkwell MS 1655/2 N2 - We have obtained a minute amount of dry ink scratched from the bronze inkwell MS 1655/2. The powder was stored between two glass slides to minimize contamination. For micro analysis by FTIR a sample of the ink powder was transferred into a diamond cell while for confocal Raman spectroscopy a micro sample was placed onto sticky tape. The same portion of the sample was also investigated by scanning electron microscopy, where the elements distribution was determined by EDX. KW - Archaeometry KW - Cultural heritage KW - Dead Sea scrolls PY - 2016 SN - 978-0-5671-1300-9 SN - 978-0-5672-8571-3 VL - 71 SP - 463 EP - 466 PB - Bloomsbury T&T Clark Series CY - New York, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-39225 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Schütz, Roman ED - Elgvin, Torleif ED - Langlois, Michael ED - Davis, Kipp T1 - Samples from the cylindrical jar MS 1655/1 N2 - The aim of our work was to check whether the assumption that the jar was discovered in Qumran can be substantiated. In order to establish the archaeological provenance of the jar we conducted a series of analytical tests on samples of material collected from the jar in April and June 2009. The samples were either found loose within the jar, these being probably constituted by remnants of its original contents, or were clay detached from the inner and outer surface of the jar. In addition, a portion of sand deposit coating the inside of the jar handles was analysed. KW - Archaeometry KW - Cultural heritage KW - Dead Sea scrolls PY - 2016 SN - 978-0-5671-1300-9 SN - 978-0-5672-8571-3 VL - 71 SP - 377 EP - 392 PB - Bloomsbury T&T Clark Series CY - New York, NY 10018 USA AN - OPUS4-39229 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -