TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Ultrafast spectroscopy - Femtosecond electron diffraction N2 - Currently, two main high speed processes can be investigated: electromagnetic absorption and electromagnetic scattering. At the summer university of the School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA-HU), a series of 5 articles were presented to ilustrate the potential of ultrafast spectroscopy, from IR band assignment to monitoring time resolved structural changes. First, by studying light absorption is possible to do assignment and interpretation of IR bands in small molecules and to study the influence of ligands or labeled molecules in protein structures. Second, by studying light scattering is possible to monitoring photoinduced structural changes in solid materials. This presentation contains a study of photoinduced structural changes monitored by light scattering in condensed matter. T2 - SALSA Summer University 2017 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 19.09.2017 KW - Ultrafast spectroscopy KW - Femtosecond electron diffraction KW - Spin crossover KW - Photoexcitation KW - Structural dynamics PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42120 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Isotope analysis by molecular absorption spectrometry N2 - The use of molecular absorption spectrometry (MAS) for the determination of isotope amount ratios is here discussed. Preliminary results on the determination of isotope ratios of boron, copper and magnesium in reference materials are here presented and compared with their certificates. T2 - Adlershofer Kolloquium Analytik CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 13.06.2017 KW - Isotope KW - Molecular absorption KW - HR-CS-MAS KW - Isotopic shift KW - Spectrometry KW - Isotope ratio PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Lippitz, Andreas A1 - Benemann, Sigrid A1 - Heinrich, Hans-Joachim A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert A1 - Huang, M.-D. A1 - Florek, S. A1 - Becker-Ross, H. T1 - A proposed mechanism of action of permanent modifiers for molecular absorption spectrometry: the case of calcium monofluoride N2 - High-Resolution Continuum Source Molecular Absorption Spectrometry (HR-CS-MAS) with graphite furnace atomizers has been successfully used for the analytical determination of non-metals. The use of permanent modifiers (or coatings) for molecule formation is necessary, but their mechanisms of action remain unclear. In order to understand and improve the current analytical methods, we present a comprehensive mechanistic study of molecule formation in graphite furnaces: a key step into the recovery of analytical signals. Therefore, a well-known system for fluorine determination was studied: the molecule formation of CaF, with Zr as permanent modifier. Through a kinetic approach, an Arrhenius plot showed a pseudo first order reaction respect to F-. By spectroscopic methods (XPS, XAS, EDX) it was possible to elucidate an intermediate state. Here a mechanism is proposed, where ZrO2 works as heterogeneous catalyst: after a pyrolytic step, it is activated to the intermediate state of ZrO(OCaF) and at higher temperatures, CaF(g) is released from the zirconium-coated graphite surface. With this analytical information, improved surface modifications and coatings for graphite furnaces can be designed and some of them, for example with Zr nanoparticle and Zr xerogels are here presented. T2 - ANAKON 2017 CY - Tübingen, Germany DA - 03.04.2017 KW - Fluorine KW - High-resolution continuum source Molecular Absorption Spectrometry KW - HR-CS-MAS KW - Zirconium oxide KW - Modifier KW - Coating PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-39902 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique A1 - Chapartegui, Ander A1 - Péter, G. T1 - Alcoholism clinical biomarkers and mass spectrometry N2 - Heavy alcohol induces several chronic diseases, including cirrhosis. Consequently, cirrhotic patients need liver transplantation. However, alcoholic patients are not suitable for this. How can be physicians sure of non-alcohol consumption of a potential organ receptor? Monitoring of biomarkers by mass spectrometric techniques is today the most suitable option. This subject was discussed at the Graduate School of Analytical Science Adlershof (SALSA) in Berlin, as a part of a lecture series in analytical science. T2 - Analytical Challenges - School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 12.12.2017 KW - Alcoholism KW - Biomarkers KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Transferrin PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43535 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - New approaches in isotope analysis - molecular absorption spectrometry N2 - Variations in the isotope amount composition of some elements like lithium, boron, magnesium, calcium and copper have been used as proof of provenance of a sample and to describe geological processes. Routinely, isotope compositions are determinate by mass spectrometry; the working horse of the isotope analysis. However, mass spectrometric methods are expensive, time consuming and they require a high qualified analysist. Here an alternative faster and low cost optical method for isotope ratio determination is proposed: high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-MAS). Stable isotope amount composition of X= Li, B, Mg, Ca, Cu and Sr have been determined by monitoring the absorption spectrum of their monohydride (XH) in graphite furnace HR-CS-MAS. T2 - Seminar at Princeton University CY - Princeton, NJ, USA DA - 16.10.2017 KW - Isotope KW - High-Resolution Continuum Source Molecular Absorption Spectrometry KW - HR-CS-MAS KW - Isotopic shift KW - Graphite furnace KW - Isotope ratio PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43538 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Analytical applications of high resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry N2 - High-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-MAS) has been apply for the determination of non-metals and isotope analysis, extending so the application range of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). This seminar is divides in two main parts. First, here is presented a comprehensive mechanistic study of molecule formation in graphite furnaces, a key step into the recovery of analytical signals in AAS and MAS. Therefore, a well-known system for fluorine determination was studied: the molecule formation of CaF, with Zr as permanent modifier. Through a kinetic approach, an Arrhenius behaved pseudo first order reaction respect to F- was observed and by spectroscopic methods (XPS, XAS, EDX) an intermediate state was possible to be elucidated. Here it is proposed a mechanism, where zirconium works as heterogeneous catalyst: after a pyrolytic step, it is activated the intermediate ZrO(OCaF) and at higher temperatures, CaF(g) is released from the zirconium-coated graphite surface. Second, we have developed analytical methods using HR-CS-MAS as detector for quantification of fluorine in consume-care products with declared per-fluorinated ingredients. Ad, the high resolution of the instrumentation allows identify isotopic shifts in some observed molecular spectra. Consequently, the molecular spectra of enriched isotopes of B were investigated and so the potential of HR-CS-MAS for the determination of isotopic ratios is established. T2 - Brown Bag Lecture SALSA Humboldt Universität zu Berlin CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 18.04.2017 KW - Fluorine KW - Molecular absorption KW - Graphite furnace KW - Isotopes KW - Boron PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40075 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique A1 - Florek, S. A1 - Becker-Ross, H. A1 - Huang, M.-D. A1 - Heinrich, Hans-Joachim A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert A1 - Panne, Ulrich T1 - Stable isotope amount ratio analysis by using high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry N2 - Analysis of stable isotopes has been used as proof of provenance of mineral and biological samples, to estimate a contamination source and to determine geological processes. This kind of analysis needs high accuracy and precision for reliable conclusions. Currently, stable isotope analysis is dominated by mass spectrometric techniques that are time consuming and expensive. Here we present a fast and low cost alternative for isotope analysis of boron and magnesium: high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-GFMAS). Two stable isotope systems were evaluated separately: boron (10B:11B) and magnesium 24Mg:25Mg:26Mg). Their isotope amount ratios were estimated by monitoring their absorption spectra in-situ generated monohydrides. The molecular absorption spectrum of a XH molecule (X= B or Mg) with n isotopes would be a linear combination of n isotopologue spectra and the amount of each component (isotope) could be calculated by a multivariate regression (n= 2 and 3 for B and Mg respectively). For the Analysis of boron certified reference materials (CRM), the band 1→1 for the electronic transition X1Σ+ → A1Π was measured around wavelength 437.1 nm. Since boron has a Memory effect in graphite furnaces, a combination of 2 % (v/v) hydrogen gas in argon, 1 % trifluoromethane in argon, an acid solution of calcium chloride and mannitol as chemical modifiers were used during the BH vaporization at 2600 °C. Partial least square regression (PLS) for analysis of samples was applied. For this, a spectral library with different isotope ratios for PLS regression was created. Magnesium does not have memory effect. Therefore, only 2 % of hydrogen in argon as gas modifier during vaporization at 2500 °C was employed for analysis of magnesium CRM. Absorption spectra of MgH for the X2Σ→A2Π electronic transition (band 0→0) were recorded around wavelength 513.45 nm. A similar PLS procedure to the BH was applied. Results for B and Mg CRM are metrologically compatible with those reported by mass spectrometric methods. An accuracy of 0.08 ‰ for B and 0.1 ‰ Mg was obtained as the average deviation from the isotope CRM. Expanded uncertainties with a coverage factor of k = 2 range between 0.10 - 0.40 ‰. T2 - SAS meeting FACSS / SciX Conference 2017 CY - Reno, NV, USA DA - 08.10.2017 KW - Boron isotopes KW - High-Resolution Continuum Source Molecular Absorption Spectrometry KW - Graphite furnace KW - Molecular absorption PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-43528 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique A1 - Florek, S. A1 - Becker-Ross, H. A1 - Huang, M.-D. A1 - Heinrich, Hans-Joachim A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert A1 - Panne, Ulrich T1 - Molecular absorption spectrometry: a fast and accurate optical method for boron isotope analysis comparable to mass spectrometry N2 - Boron presents two stable isotopes, 10B and 11B and due to their relatively large mass difference (~ 10%) isotope fractionation leads to considerable isotope amount ratio variations n(10B)/n(11B) in natural occurrence. These have been used as a proof of provenance of mineral and biological samples, to estimate a contamination source and to the determination of geological processes by erosion or subduction. Additionally, boron is employed in the nuclear industry due to the capability of its isotope 10B to thermal-neutron capture and therefore 10B enriched boric acid solutions are used in the cooling system of thermonuclear facilities and in the alloying of steel and carbides for protective shielding. Usually, isotope ratio variations are determined by mass spectroscopic methods. Here an alternative faster and low cost method for isotope ratio determination is proposed: high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-MAS). Boron isotope amount ratios have been determined by monitoring the absorption spectrum of boron monohydride (BH) in graphite furnace HR-CS-MAS. Bands (0→0) and (1→1) for the electronic transition X1Σ+ → A1Π were evaluated around wavelengths 433.1 nm and 437.1 nm respectively. Partial least square regression (PLS) for analysis of samples and reference materials were applied. For this, a spectral library with different isotopes ratios for PLS regression was built. Results obtained around the 433.1 nm and 437.1 nm spectral regions are metrologically compatible with those reported by mass spectrometric methods. Moreover, a precision and accuracy of the method of ± 0.5 ‰ for the evaluated spectral region around 437.1 nm is reported here. This accuracy and precision is comparable with those obtained by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) for boron isotope ratio measurements. T2 - 30. Tag der Chemie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 05.07.2017 KW - Boron isotopes KW - High-Resolution Continuum Source Molecular Absorption Spectrometry KW - HR-CS-MAS KW - Isotopic shift KW - Boron monohydride KW - Isotope ratio KW - Molecular absorption KW - Memory effect KW - Graphite furnace PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-41060 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique A1 - Florek, S. A1 - Becker-Ross, H. A1 - Huang, M.-D. A1 - Muench, S. A1 - Okruss, M. A1 - Heinrich, Hans-Joachim A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Tatzel, Michael A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert A1 - Panne, Ulrich T1 - Optical spectrometry versus mass spectrometry for stable isotope analysis of B and Mg N2 - Mass spectrometric methods (MC-ICP-MS and TIMS) are without doubt the working horse of stable isotope analysis. However, drawbacks of these methods include the high costs for instruments and their operation, experienced operators and elaborate chromatographic sample preparation which are time consuming. We propose a lower-cost and faster optical alternative for the analysis of isotope ratios of selected elements: high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-MAS). Stable isotope amount compositions of boron (B) and magnesium (Mg) were determined based on the absorption spectra of in-situ generated mono-hydrides and halide (MH and MX) using graphite furnace HR-CS-MAS. The use of a modular simultaneous echelle spectrograph (MOSES) helps to find the maximal isotope shift in the diatomic molecular spectra produced in a graphite furnace by using isotopic spike solutions. Isotopes of boron (10B and 11B) were studied via their hydrides for the electronic transition X 1Σ+ → A 1Π. The spectrum of a given sample is a linear combination of the 10BH molecule and its isotopologue 11BH. Therefore, the isotopic composition of samples can be calculated by a partial least square regression (PLS). For this, a spectral library was built by using samples and spikes with known isotope composition. Boron isotope ratios measured by HR-CS-MAS are identical with those measured by mass spectrometric methods at the 0.15 ‰ level. Similar results were obtained for a multiple isotope system like Mg (24Mg, 25Mg, and 26Mg), where isotope shifts of their isotopologues can be resolved in the MgF molecule for the electronic transition X 2Σ → A 2 Πi. The extension of this methodology to other elements like Li, Ca, Cu, and Sr is discussed. T2 - 13. Symposium „Massenspektrometrische Verfahren der Elementspurenanalyse“ zusammen mit dem 26. ICPMS-Anwendertreffen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 03.09.2018 KW - Isotope KW - HR-CS-MAS KW - Isotopic shift KW - Spectrometry KW - Boron monohydride KW - Magnesium monofluoride KW - Molecular absorption spectrometry PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45868 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique A1 - Florek, S. A1 - Becker-Ross, H. A1 - Huang, M.-D. A1 - Heinrich, Hans-Joachim A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert A1 - Panne, Ulrich T1 - Stable isotope analysis via hydrides using molecular absorption spectrometry N2 - Small variations in the isotopic composition of some elements have been used as proof of provenance of mineral and biological samples, to describe geological processes, and to estimate a contamination source. Routinely, isotope compositions are measured by mass spectrometry; the working horse of the isotope analysis. However, mass spectrometric methods are expensive, time-consuming and they require a high qualified analyst. Here, an alternative faster and low-cost optical method for isotope ratio determination is investigated: high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-MAS). Stable isotope amount composition of X = Li, B, Mg, Ca and Sr have been determined by monitoring the absorption spectra of their in situ generated hydrides (XH) in graphite furnace HR-CS-MAS. For example, the system of two stable isotopes of boron (10B and 11B) was studied via its hydride for the electronic transition X1Σ+ → A1Π (Fig. 1a). The spectrum of a given sample is a linear combination of the 10BH molecule and its isotopologue 11BH. Therefore, isotopic composition of samples and reference materials are calculated by a partial least square regression (PLS). For this, a spectral library is built by using samples with known isotope composition. Results are metrologically compatible with those reported by mass spectrometric methods. [1] Similar results are obtained for n isotope systems like Mg (24Mg, 25Mg, and 26Mg), where isotope shift of their isotopologues can be resolved as shown in Fig.1 b. The extension of this methodology to other elements like Li, Ca and Sr is discussed [2]. References: [1] C. Abad, S. Florek, H. Becker-Ross, M.-D. Huang, H.-J. Heinrich, S. Recknagel, J. Vogl, N. Jakubowski, U. Panne, Determination of boron isotope ratios by high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry using graphite furnace vaporizers, Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 136 (2017) 116-122. [2] C. Abad et al., unpublished results, 2018. T2 - ESAS & CANAS 2018 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 20.03.2018 KW - Isotope KW - HR-CS-MAS KW - Mono-hydride KW - Spectrometry PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45826 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -