TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - News from the BAMline N2 - In this talk, the newest developments at the BAMline and examples of applications are presented. T2 - Seminar: STRAHLENPHYSIKALISCHE ANWENDUNGEN IN TECHNIK UND MEDIZIN CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 18.01.2017 KW - XANES KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42981 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Von Ägypten bis Hiddensee – Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung - Update 2018 N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Zusätzlich werden die modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt, die am Synchrotron heutzutage zur Verfügung stehen. T2 - Vorlesung FU Berlin Einführung in die Archäometrie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 01.11.2018 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BAMline PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46451 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Von der Antike in die Zukunft: Materialanalyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Die Eigenschaften und die Verlässlichkeit von Materialien jeglicher Art sind seit jeher die Grundlagen der Technik einer Gesellschaft. Tiefgreifende Kenntnisse über sie sind deshalb eine Voraussetzung um neue Produkte zu entwickeln, Verlässlichkeit zu gewährleisten, oder aber auch, wie in der Archäometrie, Kenntnisse über die Vergangenheit zu gewinnen. Ein Schlüssel zum Verständnis ist das Wissen über die chemische Zusammensetzung und die Struktur von Materialien Die Analyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung bietet hierfür herausragende Werkzeuge an, die zerstörungsfrei und hochsensitiv sind. Mit Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse kann die elementare Zusammensetzung in winzigen Proben bis auf μg/g bestimmt werden. Anwendungsbeispiele aus verschiedenen Themengebieten, aber besonders von archäologischen Fragestellungen wie z.B. dem Goldfund von Bernstorf werden im Vortrag vorgestellt. T2 - Berliner Industriegespräch CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 05.04.2017 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY KW - Archeometry KW - BAMline PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42979 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Von Ägypten bis Hiddensee – Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Zusätzlich werden die modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt, die am Synchrotron heutzutage zur Verfügung stehen. T2 - Vorlesung FU Berlin Einführung in die Archäometrie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.11.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Gold KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38810 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Gebhard, R. T1 - Synchrotron radiation–induced X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) analyses of the Bernstorf Gold N2 - The gold finds from Bernstorf, in the Freising district of Bavaria, were discovered in 1998, in the area of a Bronze Age settlement. First analyses with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) revealed gold of an unusually high purity grade, which was explained by the use of cementation techniques. A newer analysis with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) indicated an even higher purity. The analytical results were the starting point of an ongoing discussion. In this study, we re-analysed 11 gold samples with Synchrotron radiation–induced X-ray fluorescence at the BAMline at BESSY. In a thorough analysis, different excitation and detection conditions were applied to confirm or disprove the previous results. It was shown that the purity of the gold from the specimen is higher than 99.9%. The main impurities are silver in a range between 20 and 200 μg/g and copper between 1 and 10 μg/g. The results are in very good agreement with the LA–ICP–MS measurements and provide basic information for discussions about provenance, processing techniques or considerations of authenticity. KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY KW - Archeometry PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.12294 SN - 0003-813X SN - 1475-4754 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 891 EP - 899 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-42540 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Zur Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse von Kulturgütern - Von Nebra bis Ägypten N2 - Im Vortag werden die Möglichkeiten der Synchrotronstrahlungsinduzierten Röntgenfluoreszenzanalayse (SRXRF) dargestellt. Insbesondere werden bei einer Reihe von Beispielen die Vorteile der SRXRF erläutert und der mögliche Einsatz eines portablen Messgeräts für die Analse von Glas diskutiert. T2 - Workshop: Ritter, Goethe, ihre Prismen und die Polarität CY - Jena, Germany DA - 19.05.2017 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY KW - Archeometry KW - BAMline PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42976 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Scharf, O. T1 - The Colour X-ray Camera – Basics and Applications of a 2D X-ray Detector N2 - The Color X-ray Camera CXC or SLcam® is an energy-resolving X-ray camera capable of energy- and space-resolved measurements. It consists of a high-speed CCD detector coupled to a polycapil-lary optic that conducts the X-ray photons from the probe to distinct pixels onto the detector. The camera is capable of fast acquisition of spatially and energy resolved fluorescence images. A dedicated software enables the acquisition and the online processing of the spectral data for all 69696 pixels, leading to a real-time visualization of the elements distribution in a sample. It was developed in a joint project with BAM, IFG Berlin and PN Sensors. In this contribution we will mainly discuss the use of the CXC at our beamline, the BAMline at BESSY II and imaging applications of the CXC from different areas, like biology and archaeometry. Additionally new developments for the use of the detector without optics, like wavelength dispersive detection or 1shot-XANES, will be presented. T2 - Seminar Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin CY - Wien, Austria DA - 20.01.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38811 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Prost, J. A1 - Zinkl, A. A1 - Ingerle, D. A1 - Sterba, J.H. A1 - Wobrauschek, P. A1 - Streli, C. A1 - Pepponi, G. A1 - Eichert, D.M. A1 - Jark, W.H. A1 - Migliori, A. A1 - Karydas, A.G. A1 - Czyzycki, M. A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Trace element analysis of airborne particulate matter with TXRF and SR-TXRF-XANES N2 - Airborne particulate matter is a topic of growing interest. Particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 10 μm (PM 10) and especially the fine fraction below 2.5 μm (PM2.5) are of particular importance, as they can enter the human respiratory system and cause acute and chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases. The mass distribution of airborne particles in dependence of their diameters is well-known, but also the abundance and temporal variation of trace elements in air (mass concentrations down to the pg/m³ range) are crucial. These elements originate from various natural (abrasion, erosion) and anthropogenic sources (combustion, road traffic), which complicate the discrimination between harmless and toxic emissions. Some new methods of investigation are therefore needed and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy has ascertained ist huge potential in this matter, thanks to the possibility to determine simultaneously, in a time-resolved manner, the mass concentrations of critical elements which can be considered as markers of a potential toxic source. A method for the quantitative Analysis of airborne particles directly collected on sample substrates (30 mm quartz reflectors and 1" Si wafers suited for total-reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (TXRF) will be presented. Samplings were performed using a three- stage Dekati™ PM10 impactor (>10 μm, 2.5 to 10 μm and 1 to 2.5 μm) and a four-stage Sioutas Personal Cascade Impactor (>2.5 μm, 1 to 2.5 μm,0.5 to 1 μm and 0.25 to 0.5 μm) at indoor and outdoor sites at the Atominstitut (Vienna, Austria). Quantitative results of two outdoor test sampling campaigns (July 2016 and January 2017) will be presented and discussed. Low detection limits were assessed via TXRF and range from several 10 to several 100 pg/m³ depending on the element and particle size fraction. T2 - Denver X-ray Conference CY - Big Sky, Montana, USA DA - 31.07.2017 KW - XANES KW - Synchrotron KW - TXRF KW - BAMline PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42982 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aldrabee, A. A1 - Wriekat, A. A1 - Abu Saleem, K. A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Non-destructive SR-XRF analysis of ancient Mamluk-Ayyubid glazed pottery fragments from Karak Castle, Jordan N2 - Sixteen Ayyubid-Mamluk glazed pottery sherds were analyzed in order to identify and characterize the elemental composition to determine their provenance. The tested sherds were collected from the historical site of Karak Castle, southern Jordan. Chemical analysis for the sixteen samples has been carried out using Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (SR-XRF) Technique. Furthermore, the semiquantitative analysis of the elements Fe – Cu – Zn – Br – Rb – Sr – Y – Zr – Nb – Mo – Pd – Ag – Cd and Pb has been performed for the samples based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical Cluster Analysis with Bray-Curtis in order to define grouping of different glazed pottery by obtaining information on their similarity and clustering. The results of chemical analysis provided persuasive evidence that the Karak Castle pottery sherds have at least three different sources of provenance. KW - BAMline KW - Karak Castle KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF PY - 2015 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 157 EP - 163 AN - OPUS4-43489 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Cakir, Cafer Tufan T1 - Big to Small - Getting Smarter@BAMline N2 - In this talk an overview about artificial intelligence/machine learning applications @BAMline is given. In the first part, the use of neural networks for the quantification of XRF measurements and the decoding of coded-aperture measurements are shown. Then it is shown how Gaussian processes and Bayesian statistics can be used to achieve an optimal alignment of the set-up and in general for optimization of measurements. T2 - Forschungsseminar Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik TU Berlin CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.10.2022 KW - Artificial Inelligence KW - Machine Learning KW - Bayesian Statistics KW - Gaussian process KW - Neural network KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56249 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Manso, M. A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Pessanha, S. A1 - Guerra, M. A1 - Carvalho, M.L. A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Toxic metals in tattoo inks N2 - Tattooing practice is adopted worldwide and represents a socio-cultural phenomenon, but the injection into the skin of coloring agents, such as metals might pose a serious health problem. Tattoo ink compounds are in general not officially controlled. Moreover, the origins as well as the chemical and toxicological specifications of these coloring agents are hardly known by the producers, the tattooists and by the consumers. In this view, the aim of this study was to characterize the metal composition of tattoo inks available in the market and to draw attention to the associated risk for human health. A set of tattoo inks from the brand Kuro Sumi was analyzed by means of Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry (Sy-XRF) at BAMline @ BESSY II and Raman Spectroscopy using the XploRA confocal Raman microscope (785 nm laser). Carbon black, rutile, phtalo blue, phtalo green, helizarin red, helizarin yellow and dioxazine violet were respectively identified in black, white, blue, green, red, yellow and violet inks. However, a wide range of transition and heavy metals, potentially hazardous was revealed by Sy-XRF. A semi-quantitative evaluation has revealed, in some inks, amounts of Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb higher than the allowed according to the resolution adopted by the Council of Europe on the safety of tattoos and permanent make-up (PMU. T2 - Heavy Metals: from the Environment to the Man CY - Lissabon, Portugal DA - 21.03.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - Tattoo PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38806 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Es ist nicht alles Gold was glänzt - Die Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Zusätzlich werden die modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt, die am Synchrotron heutzutage zur Verfügung stehen. T2 - Vortragsreihe „Naturwissenschaftliche Einsichten in Kunst- und Kulturgut" CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 13.10.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Gold KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38809 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Prost, J. A1 - Windbichler, A. A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Pepponi, G. A1 - Migliori, A. A1 - Karydas, A.G. A1 - Czyzycki, M. A1 - Eichert, D.M. A1 - Jark, W.H. A1 - Wobrauschek, P. A1 - Streli, C. T1 - Cr, Cu and Zn K-edge SR-TXRF-XANES of indoor aerosol samples at BESSY II and ELETTRA N2 - Airborne particulate matter is an issue of growing concern in industrialized countries. Particles with diameters of less than 10 μm (especially those smaller than 2.5 μm) can enter the human respiratory system and contribute to various diseases depending on their chemical composition and the chemical bonding state, in which elements are present. This chemical speciation can be obtained using X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis (XANES), which requires a tunable excitation source and therefore has to be carried out at synchrotron facilities. Our special interest lies on the analysis of indoor airborne particulate matter, as particle composition and health effects of outdoor particles have been studied abundantly. For this work, samples were collected in various office rooms in the Atominstitut (ATI) building. The BAMline at BESSYII features a double-multilayer monochromator (DMM) and a double-crystal monochromator (DCM). The DCM offers an energy resolution E/ΔE of around 103, which makes it suitable for XANES applications. The ATI SR-TXRF vacuum chamber, formerly located at HASYLAB, Beamline L, is now available at the BAMline. The chamber offers a sample changer for up to 8 quartz reflectors and a 30 mm² silicon drift detector (SDD) was used. Aerosol samples were produced using a modified three-stage Dekati™ impactor. For this work, only the coarse (2.5 to 10 μm) and the fine particle fraction (1 to 2.5 μm), were of interest. XANES results of Cr, Cu and Zn will be presented on this poster. The X-ray Fluorescence beamline at ELETTRA operates in partnership with the IAEA an ultra-high vacuum instrument with a 7-axis manipulator suitable for a variety of X-ray analytical techniques, such as grazing incidence and total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (GI-XRF and TXRF), X-ray reflectometry (XRR) and XANES. Samples were produced using a four-stage Sioutas Personal Cascade Impactor. With this impactor, it is possible to produce size-fractionated samples down to the sub-μm range (Stages: A > 2.5 μm, B 1 to 2.5 μm, C 0.5 to 1 μm and D 0.25 to 0.5 μm). Direct sampling was performed on siliconized 25 mm Si wafers suitable for TXRF. Cu-K edge SR-TXRF-XANES analysis was carried out for samples of all impactor stages. Results of these experiments will be shown. T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS) CY - Gothenburg, Sweden DA - 19.06.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - BESSY KW - Aerosol KW - XANES PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38764 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - TXRF and XANES at the BAMline N2 - The BAMline at the synchrotron BESSY II in Berlin supplies users with up to date analytical x-ray methods for the energy range between 5 and 50 keV. Additional to XRF with micron Resolution it provides amongst other things the possibility to use TXRF and XANES. Especially the use of the so-called Color X-Ray Camera (CXC) opens the possibility to use new and effective detection schemes, which allow to measure simultaneously distributions of elements or Absorption spectra in a motionless mode. In this talk the analytical possibilities at the BAMline for samples with biological Background will be introduced. The available methods will be presented and discussed for various examples. A perspective for the future use for XANES in grazing emission and TXRF geometries for plant materials will be given. T2 - TXRF 2017 CY - Brescia, Italy DA - 19.09.2017 KW - XANES KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42978 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Manso, M. A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Pessanha, S. A1 - Guerra, M. A1 - Carvalho, M.L. A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Assessment of heavy metals and hazardous substances in tattoo inks N2 - Tattooing practice is adopted worldwide and represents a socio-cultural phenomenon, but the injection into the skin of coloring agents, such as metals might pose a serious health problem. Tattoo ink compounds are in general not officially controlled. Moreover, the origins as well as the chemical and toxicological specifications of these coloring agents are hardly known by the producers, the tattooists and by the consumers. In this view, the aim of this study was to characterize the metal composition of tattoo inks available in the market and to draw attention to the associated risk for human health. A set of tattoo inks from the brand Kuro Sumi was analyzed by means of Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry (Sy-XRF) at BAMline @ BESSY II and Raman Spectroscopy using the XploRA confocal Raman microscope (785 nm laser) at the LIBPhys-UNL. Carbon black, rutile, phtalo blue, phtalo green, helizarin red, helizarin yellow and dioxazine violet were respectively identified in black, white, blue, green, red, yellow and violet inks. However, a wide range of transition and heavy metals, potentially hazardous was revealed by Sy-XRF. A semi-quantitative evaluation has revealed, in some inks, amounts of Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb higher than the allowed according to the resolution adopted by the Council of Europe on the safety of tattoos and permanent make-up. T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS) CY - Gothenburg, Schweden DA - 19.06.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - Tattoo PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38804 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rauwolf, M. A1 - Turyanskaya, A. A1 - Roschger, A. A1 - Prost, J. A1 - Simon, R. A1 - Pape, I. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Scharf, O. A1 - Schoonjans, Tom A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Sawhney, K. A1 - Wobrauschek, P. A1 - Rocshger, P. A1 - Hofstaetter, J. G. A1 - Streli, C. T1 - Zinc distribution in human bone: Sr-micro X-ray fluorescence imaging of osteoporotic samples N2 - Zn is known to be located in the reactive centers of various enzymes, which play a major role in the mineralization process at sites where new bone formation occurs. In addition, elevated Zn levels are supposed to increase the proliferation rate of osteoblasts [1] and may lead to a stimulation of bone formation in vitro and in vivo [2]. Consequently, Zn seems to play an essential role in bone formation and mineralization through various pathways. We thus expected Zn levels to be altered at sites of extensive bone formation like in the case of fracture healing. We measured the same areas on human bone samples with both a scanning confocal synchrotron radiation induced micro X-ray fluorescence (SR-μXRF) at the FLUO beamline (ANKA) and a full-field Color X-ray Camera at the BAMline (Bessy II) setup in order to find the ideal SR-μXRF imaging method to investigate trace element distributions in bone samples. As zinc is a trace element of special interest in bone, the setups were optimized for Zn detection. The setups were compared concerning count rate, required measurement time and resolution. We could show that the ideal method is depending on the element of interest. While for Ca (a major constituent of the bone with a low energy of 3.69keV for K) the Color X-ray Camera provided us with a higher resolution in the plane, for Zn (a trace element in bone) only the confocal SR-μXRF was able to sufficiently image the distribution. Biopsies of healing osteoporotic fractures (Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs)) were investigated in regard to their Zn distribution. The samples were measured with a confocal SR-μXRF setup with a 10 μm x 15 μm resolution at the FLUO beamline at ANKA. As we found increased Zn levels, which seemed to be accumulated in narrow structures between bone packages we also investigated thin cuts (4 μm thick) of two sample areas with a higher resolution of 1 μm x 1 μm (monochromatic beam with E= 17 keV) at B16 at Diamond SR facility. We will present the advantages and disadvantages of all three SR-μXRF setups (ANKA FLUO beamline, Bessy II BAMline, and Diamond B16) for imaging elemental distributions in bone with a focus on Zn. We will also show the distribution of Zn in healing VCFs. T2 - XRM2016: 13th International Conference on X-Ray Microscopy CY - Oxford, UK DA - 15.08.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38765 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Strüder, L. A1 - Holl, P. A1 - Hartmann, R. A1 - Schlosser, D. A1 - Davis, J. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Huth, M. A1 - Kolak, D. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Nowak, S. A1 - Renno, A. A1 - Grenzer, J. A1 - Abboud, A. A1 - Pietsch, U. A1 - Soltau, H. T1 - High Speed X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy with pnCCDs: XRF, XRD and PIXE measurements (and others) N2 - For many years pnCCDs have been well known as X-ray detectors for spectroscopic imaging in many fields of science: X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) with light sources in large accelerator facilities as well as with laboratory light sources or with X-rays from celestial sources in X-ray astronomy. A brief introduction in GEXRF (Grazing Emission XRF) measurements with a laboratory laser produced plasma source will be given, PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) measurements and D2XRF (Double Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence) and Slicing experiments with pnCCDs coupled to polycapillary optics performed at the BESSY synchrotron will be shown. Energy-dispersive Laue diffraction with ultra-hard X-rays for the analysis of defects in metals will conclude the overview of spectroscopic X-ray imaging measurements in the field of structure and dynamics of matter. T2 - Microscopy & Microanalysis 2016 Meeting CY - Columbus, Ohio, USA DA - 24.07.2016 KW - PnCCD KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - XRD KW - PIXE PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38885 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Neri, E. A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Guerra, M.F. T1 - Following Pt in gold Byzantine tesserae: towards provenance and chronology with SR-XRF N2 - Gold mosaics, made from gold and glass, are one of the best expressions of Late Antique Byzantine and Early Islamic art. The gold alloys, whose composition seems to indicate that gold coins were re-used to fabricate the tesserae, can be used to provide information on the mosaics chronology. Monetary Byzantine gold is in fact characterized by the presence of Pt, which contents in the gold alloy change over time, but Pt must be measured in 0.2-0.4 µm thickness gold leaves that were beaten to be sandwiched between two glass layers. To analyze this samples the D²XRF set-up at the BAMline at the BESSY synchrotron in Berlin was used. The combination of a crystal for wavelength dispersion and an energy resolving single photon counting pnCCD allows the realization of this very simple wavelength dispersive detection system. With this system an MDL of 1 μg/g for the determination of Pt in Au under optimal conditions can be reached. Gold leaf tesserae from nine archaeological sites, covering the period that goes from the 5th c. to the 8th c., were analyzed. The presence of Pt in the majority of the samples confirmed the re-use of coins. The Pt contents separate the samples in three groups, one of which having the same chemical characteristics as the Byzantine gold could be compared to dated coins for chronology. The higher Pt contents for one of other groups suggest T2 - Synchrotron Radiation and Neutrons in Art & Archaeology (SR2A) CY - Chicago, USA DA - 06.09.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - Archaeometry KW - D2XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38808 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witte, Steffen A1 - Kulow, Anicó A1 - Seeberg, D. A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Grunewald, Christian A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Wohlrab, S. T1 - S2XAFS@work: Customization for the Characterization of VOx based Catalysts N2 - X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) is a frequently employed technique in order to investigate structural composition and change of chemical compounds such as catalytic species. These structural properties are essential (i) to understand underlying reaction mechanism and (ii) to further improve the design of efficient catalysts. This investigation is based on a newly developed XAFS setup comprising both time- and lateral-resolved XAFS information simultaneously in a single-shot (S2XAFS). The primary broadband beam is generated by a filter/X-ray-mirror combination (bandpass). The transmitted beam through the sample is diffracted by a convexly bent Si (111) crystal, producing a divergent beam. This, in turn, is collected by an area sensitive detector with a theta to 2 theta geometry. This facile, stable and scanningless setup was tested at the BAMline @ BESSY-II (Berlin, Germany). This contribution focuses on further experimental optimizations allowing the characterization of supported vanadium oxide (VOx) based catalysts at the lower hard X-ray regime (5 to 6 keV). First S2XAFS measurements of these catalysts are presented herein. Supported VOx catalysts show promising results in the oxidation of methane to formaldehyde. S2XAFS allows determining the structural composition of the metal (i.e. vanadium) based on a fast and smart setup. It is therefore an ideal tool to identify crucial roles of chemical compounds in catalytic reactions. T2 - XAFS 2018 CY - Cracow, Poland DA - 22.07.2018 KW - XANES KW - XAFS KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46362 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Margreiter, R. A1 - Eberhardt, K. A1 - Niemeyer, B. A1 - Strub, E. T1 - Investigation on fire gilding using XRF and NAA N2 - Fire-gilding or amalgam gilding is a historical technique for the gilding of objects. The object to be gilded is coated with an amalgam (a solution of gold (Au) in mercury (Hg)). By heating, the largest part of the Hg is subsequently evaporated and there remains a gold layer, containing still detectable amounts of Hg. The information on the used gilding technique might be crucial for the conservation and preservation of archaeological objects. Therefore, the main objective of this work is the detailed understanding of the behaviour of Hg under conditions of fire gilding. I.e. the understanding of the diffusion and evaporating behaviour of Hg, depending on parameters like substrate material (silver, copper, bronze, brass...), heating temperature and duration, and the resulting Hg depth profiles under these conditions. Secondary objective is the establishment of a measurement protocol for the unambiguous identification of different types of gilding, based solely on non-destructive methods, which can be applied to historical samples. In a first step, fire-gilded samples have been prepared on Cu and Ag sheet metal, respectively. Some of the gildings were produced by a professional goldsmith; another set of samples was produced under laboratory conditions. These samples have been examined with NAA (neutron activation analysis) and SR-XRF (synchrotron radiation induced X-ray fluorescence). First results of these measurements will be presented and discussed. T2 - Synchrotron Radiation and Neutrons in Art & Archaeology (SR2A) CY - Chicago, IL, USA DA - 06.09.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - Archaeometry PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38766 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Strub, E. A1 - Margreiter, R. A1 - Eberhardt, K. A1 - Niemeyer, B. A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Investigation on fire gilding using XRF and NAA N2 - Fire-gilding or amalgam gilding is a historical technique for the gilding of objects. The object to be gilded is coated with an amalgam (a solution of gold (Au) in mercury (Hg)). By heating, the largest part of the Hg is subsequently evaporated and there remains a gold layer, containing still detectable amounts of Hg. The information on the used gilding technique might be crucial for the conservation and preservation of archaeological objects. Therefore, the main objective of this work is the detailed understanding of the behaviour of Hg under conditions of fire gilding. I.e. the understanding of the diffusion and evaporating behaviour of Hg, depending on parameters like substrate material (silver, copper, bronze, brass...), heating temperature and duration, and the resulting Hg depth profiles under these conditions. Secondary objective is the establishment of a measurement protocol for the unambiguous identification of different types of gilding, based solely on non-destructive methods, which can be applied to historical samples. In a first step, fire-gilded samples have been prepared on Cu and Ag sheet metal, respectively. Some of the gildings were produced by a professional goldsmith; another set of samples was produced under laboratory conditions. These samples have been examined with NAA (neutron activation analysis) and SR-XRF (synchrotron radiation induced X-ray fluorescence). First results of these measurements will be presented and discussed. T2 - NRC-9 CY - Helsinki, Finland DA - 29.08.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Archaeometry PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38767 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kulow, Anicó A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Streli, C. T1 - Time- and lateral-resolved X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy N2 - We developed a setup for time- and lateral-resolved X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. A dispersive element is placed behind the sample to investigate. The broadband incoming beam transmits the sample, is then dispersed and finally collected by a position sensitive detector. This allows the recording of a whole X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) or extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectrum in a single shot. The dispersive element is a Si(111) crystal, bent by means of a so called wafer bender, developed in house. Our setup is very flexible, easy to adjust and allows a time resolution down to one second which can be used to follow chemical reactions with dynamics on this time scale. T2 - SXR2019 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.09.2019 KW - Spectroscopy KW - X-ray KW - Absorption KW - Synchrotron PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49045 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Kabelitz, Anke A1 - Rolf, Simone A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - First in situ measurements with a newly developed SR-based ‘Single-shot‘ EXAFS set-up N2 - The newly developed EXAFS set-up comprises both time- and spatially-resolved EXAFS information simultaneously in a single-shot. This facile, stable and scanningless set-up was tested at the BAMline @ BESSY-II (Berlin, Germany). The primary broadband beam is generated by a filter/X-ray-mirror combination (bandpass). The transmitted beam through the sample is diffracted by a convexly bent Si (111) crystal, producing a divergent beam. This, in turn, is collected by an area sensitive detector based on a CCD camera, in a theta - 2 theta geometry. The first in situ measurements were successfully carried out and hereby presented. The case-study involved a well known reaction, in which structural changes are induced over time, and continuously measured. We were able to track structural changes within a 1s time resolution. T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS) CY - Gothenburg, Sweden DA - 19.06.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - EXAFS PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38807 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witte, Steffen A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Fittschen, U.E.A. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Wobrauschek, P. A1 - Streli, C. T1 - TXRF-XANES: a unique experimental setup for chemical speciation of traces down to pg range N2 - Description of the set-up and first results for TXRF-XANES at BAMline T2 - XAFS 2018 CY - Cracow, Poland DA - 22.07.2018 KW - TXRF KW - XANES KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46363 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - From Egypt to Hiddensee – Analysis of Gold with Synchrotron Radiation IV N2 - Gold is one of the seven metals already known in antiquity and was used from time immemorial as a medium of exchange and for the production of jewelry because of its luster and rarity. In addition, it is easy to work and largely resistant to chemical influences. Investigations of gold using synchrotron radiation excited X-ray fluorescence analysis are non-destructive and provide information about the chemical elements present in the sample under investigation. The investigations presented here at BAMline focus on questions such as the origin, manufacturing process, and association of gold findings. The different questions are explained by a number of examples ranging from the Viking treasure from Hiddensee to the Nebra Sky Disk and finds from Egypt. The find from Bernstorf is discussed in detail. A Bayesian treatment of the authenticity is shown. T2 - Ringvorlesung Einführung in die Archäometrie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.11.2022 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Bayesian Statistics KW - Gold KW - Röntgenfluoreszenz PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56252 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - News from the BAMline N2 - A presentation of recent measurements at the BAMline with focus on AI and ML applications T2 - Seminar: Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 18.05.2022 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Bayesian Statistics KW - Gold KW - X-ray fluorescence PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56253 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Cakir, Cafer Tufan A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana T1 - Getting more efficient – The use of Bayesian optimization and Gaussian processes at the BAMline N2 - For more than 20 years, BAM is operating the BAMline at the synchrotron BESSY II in Berlin Adlershof. During this time, the complexity of the setup and the amount of data generated have multiplied. To increase the effectiveness and in preparation for BESSY III, algorithms from the field of machine learning are increasingly used. In this paper, several examples in the areas of beamline alignment and measurement time optimization based on Bayesian optimization (BO) with Gaussian processes (GP) are presented. BO is a method for finding the global optimum of a function using a probabilistic model represented by a GP. The advantage of this method is that it can handle high-dimensional problems, does not depend on the initial estimate, and also provides uncertainty estimates. After a short introduction to BO and GP, the first example is the automatic alignment of our double multilayer monochromator (DMM). To achieve optimal performance, up to three linear and two angular motor positions have to be optimized. To achieve this with a grid scan, at least 100^5 measurement points would be required. Assuming that all positions can be aligned independently, 100*5 points are still necessary. We show that with BO and GP less than 100 points are sufficient to achieve equal or better results. The second example is the optimization of measurement time in XRF scanning. Here we will show the advantage of the BO GP approach over point-by-point scanning. As can be seen in Fig. 1, the number of points required and thus the measurement time can be reduced by a factor of 50, while the loss in image quality is acceptable. The advantages and limitations of this approach will be discussed. T2 - European Conference on X-ray Spectrometry 2022 CY - Bruges, Belgium DA - 26.06.2022 KW - Artificial Inelligence KW - Machine Learning KW - Bayesian Statistics KW - Gaussian process KW - Neural network KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56251 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chambers, M. S. A1 - Hunter, R. D. A1 - Hollamby, M. J. A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard A1 - Smith, A. J. A1 - Snow, T. A1 - Danks, A. E. A1 - Schnepp, Z. T1 - In Situ and Ex Situ X‑ray Diffraction and Small-Angle X‑ray Scattering Investigations of the Sol−Gel Synthesis of Fe3N and Fe3C N2 - Iron nitride (Fe3N) and iron carbide (Fe3C) nanoparticles can be prepared via sol−gel synthesis. While sol−gel methods are simple, it can be difficult to control the crystalline composition, i.e., to achieve a Rietveld-pure product. In a previous in situ synchrotron study of the sol−gel synthesis of Fe3N/Fe3C, we showed that the reaction proceeds as follows: Fe3O4 → FeOx → Fe3N → Fe3C. There was considerable overlap between the different phases, but we were unable to ascertain whether this was due to the experimental setup (side-on heating of a quartz capillary which could lead to thermal gradients) or whether individual particle reactions proceed at different rates. In this paper, we use in situ wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)) to demonstrate that the overlapping phases are indeed due to variable reaction rates. While the initial oxide nanoparticles have a small range of diameters, the size range expands considerably and very rapidly during the oxide−nitride transition. This has implications for the isolation of Rietveld-pure Fe3N, and in an extensive laboratory study, we were indeed unable to isolate phasepure Fe3N. However, we made the surprising discovery that Rietveld-pure Fe3C nanoparticles can be produced at 500 °C with a sufficient furnace dwell time. This is considerably lower than the previous reports of the sol−gel synthesis of Fe3C nanoparticles. KW - Small-angle X-ray Scattering KW - SAXS KW - Diffraction KW - XRD KW - Scattering KW - Sol-gel KW - Iron nitride KW - Nanoparticles KW - Iron carbide KW - Catalyst KW - In-situ KW - Ex-situ KW - Synthesis KW - Synchrotron PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-548226 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03442 VL - 61 IS - 18 SP - 6742 EP - 6749 PB - ACS Publications CY - Washington AN - OPUS4-54822 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Cakir, C.T. A1 - Yusenko, Kirill A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - Insights into materials with hard x-rays: capabilities of the bamline N2 - This contribution provides an overview of the BAMline synchrotron radiation beamline, which specializes in hard X-ray spectroscopy techniques for materials research. The BAMline offers X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and tomography to study materials' electronic structure, chemical composition, and structure. Key capabilities include standard and dispersive XAS for electronic structure, micro-XRF for elemental mapping, coded aperture imaging, and depth-resolved grazing exit XAS. The BAMline enables in situ characterization during materials synthesis and functions for energy, catalysis, corrosion, biology, and cultural heritage applications. Ongoing developments like the implementation of machine learning techniques for experiment optimization and data analysis will be discussed. For instance, Bayesian optimization is being used to improve beamline alignment and scanning. An outlook to the future, where the BAMline will continue pioneering dynamic and multi-scale characterization, aided by advanced data science methods, to provide unique insights into materials research, will be given. T2 - μ-XRF at Elettra 2.0: challenges and opportunities CY - Trieste, Italy DA - 11.09.2023 KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - XANES KW - Bayes PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58607 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kulow, Anicó A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Hampel, S. A1 - Fittschen, UEA A1 - Streli, C. A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Reconstruction for coded aperture full-field x-ray fluorescence imaging N2 - X-ray fluorescence imaging is a well-established tool in materials characterization. In this work, we present the adaption of coded aperture imaging to full-field X-ray fluorescence imaging at the synchrotron. Coded aperture imaging has its origins in astrophysics, and has several advantages: Coded apertures are relatively easy to fabricate, achromatic, allow a high photon throughput, and high angular acceptance. Coded aperture imaging is a two-step-process, consisting of the measurement process and a reconstruction step. Different programs have been written, for the raytracing/forward projection and the reconstruction. Experiments with coded aperture in combination with a Color X-ray Camera and an energy-dispersive area detector, have been conducted at the BAMline. Measured samples were successfully reconstructed, and gave a 9.1-fold increase in count rate compared to a polycapillary optic. KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Coded Aperture PY - 2022 SN - 1097-0002 VL - 65 SP - 57 EP - 70 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-56350 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Von Ägypten bis Hiddensee Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung III N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Der Fund von Bernstorf wird ausführlich diskutiert. T2 - Vorlesung FU Berlin Einführung in die Archäometrie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 06.11.2020 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - Gold KW - Archäometrie PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51893 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Niemeyer, B. A1 - Schwarzmaier, A. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Hahn, Oliver T1 - Archaische Goldarbeiten aus Kleinasien in der Berliner Antikensammlung – Herstellungstechnik, Materialanalytik und der Fundkomplex »aus Ephesos« N2 - Ein Konvolut einzelner Schmuckstücke und die Goldbeigaben eines angeblichen Grabfundes wurden technologisch und analytisch untersucht. Die meisten Objekte sind Blecharbeiten, die aus einer Vielzahl von Einzelteilen mit metallischem Goldlot zusammengefügt und mit Granulation oder granulations-imitierendem Perl- oder Kerbdraht verziert wurden. Nur vier kleine Ohrringe sind massiv gegossen. Zwei Zierbleche dürften über Patrizen (Positivmodeln), die Deckel der Astragale in Matrizen (Negativmodeln) geformt worden sein. Alle Objekte wurden mit Synchrotron- und atmosphärischer Röntgenfluoreszenz analysiert. Die Daten zeigen das breite Spektrum an Goldlegierungen, die im 7./6. Jahrhundert v. Chr. in Kleinasien verarbeitet wurden: vom natürlichen Seifengold (Elektrum) bis zu geläutertem, fast reinem Gold. Eine Korrelation zwischen Goldqualität und Verarbeitungsmethode konnte nicht festgestellt werden. Sowohl hochreines als auch mit viel Silber und Kupfer legiertes Gold wurde zum Schmieden von Blecharbeiten, aber auch zum Massivguss verwendet. Aus der Goldfarbe kann wegen des Phänomens der oberflächlichen Goldanreicherung nicht auf eine Legierungszusammensetzung geschlossen werden. Der 1963 angekaufte Fundkomplex aus lydischen Metallarbeiten und ostionischen Salbgefäßen aus Ton dürfte einen Grabfund des frühen 6. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. darstellen, dessen Herkunft aus Ephesos jedoch nicht zu sichern ist. KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF PY - 2017 SN - 1866-7007 VL - 9 SP - 57 EP - 83 PB - RGZM. Archäologische Staatssammmlung München CY - München AN - OPUS4-42986 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Manso, M. A1 - Pessanha, S. A1 - Guerra, M. A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Afonso, C. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Lourenco, H. A1 - Carvalho, M. L. A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana T1 - Assessment of Toxic Metals and Hazardous Substances in Tattoo Inks Using Sy-XRF, AAS, and Raman Spectroscopy N2 - Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, in conjunction with atomic absorption and Raman spectroscopy, was used to analyze a set of top brand tattoo inks to investigate the presence of toxic elements and hazardous substances. The Cr, Cu, and Pb contents were found to be above the maximum allowed levels established by the Council of Europe through the resolution ResAP(2008)1 on requirements and criteria for the safety of tattoos and permanent makeup. Raman analysis has revealed the presence of a set of prohibited substances mentioned in ResAP(2008)1, among which are the pigments Blue 15, Green 7, and Violet 23. Other pigments that were identified in white, black, red, and yellow inks are the Pigment White 6, Carbon Black, Pigment Red 8, and a diazo yellow, respectively. The present results show the importance of regulating tattoo ink composition. KW - Synchrotron KW - Tattoo inks KW - XRF KW - Toxic metals KW - Hazardous substances PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1406-y VL - 187 IS - 2 SP - 596 EP - 601 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-47369 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guerra, M.F. A1 - Neri, E. A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Gold leaf tesserae: tracing the origins of gold using synchrotron-based techniques N2 - To gain insight into the possible origin of the gold used in the production of tesserae containing gold leaf less than 0.5 μm thick placed between two layers of glass, we propose a non-destructive synchrotron radiation (SR) XRF protocol based on sequential analysis under optimised analytical conditions. Using this protocol, trace element analysis is achieved with detection limits of 1–6 mg/kg. As Pt and Au have adjacent fluorescence energies, we tested the most challenging situation, when Pt is present in very low concentrations in gold. Data obtained by double-dispersive XRF (D2XRF) and μXRF for fourth–ninth-century mosaics decorating nine Eastern and Western religious buildings show that the Eastern and Western tesserae are made from different alloys. However, these alloys are identical to those used to make gold leaf for gilding, because plastic deformation requires the use of gold alloys with high ductility and malleability. Although trace element composition of gold used in the concerned period is only available for coins, by comparing the amounts of Pt contained in the tesserae and in the coins we show that Roman tesserae are made from Roman gold, as described in the documentary sources. We observe for the Byzantine period the use of a Byzantine gold and of gold supposedly from different stages of recycling, and we suggest the use of Umayyad and Abbasid gold for the production of Islamic tesserae. KW - Gold KW - XRF KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - D2XRF KW - Tesserae PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03638-y SN - 2190-5444 VL - 138 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 15 AN - OPUS4-57208 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Kulow, A. A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Streli, C. A1 - Fittschen, U. E. A. A1 - Hampel, S. T1 - Energy Resolved Imaging with Coded Apertures N2 - Our aim is to develop a simple and inexpensive method for full field X-ray fluorescence imaging.We combine an energydispersive array detector with a coded aperture to obtain high resolut ion images. To obtain the information from the recorded image a reconstruction step is necessary. The reconstruction methods we have developed, were tested on simulated data and then applied to experimental data. The first tests were carried out at the BAMline @BESSY II. This method enables the simultaneous detection of multiple elements,which is important e.g. in the field of catalysis. T2 - SRI 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 28.3.2022 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Machine Learning KW - Coded Aperture PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56298 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strüder, L. A1 - Hartmann, R. A1 - Holl, P. A1 - Ihle, S. A1 - Huth, M. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Tham, Ch. A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Baumann, J. A1 - Renno, A. A1 - Grenzer, J. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Abboud, A. A1 - Pietsch, U. A1 - Soltau, H. T1 - High Speed, High Resolution imaging spectrometers based on pnCCDs for XRF and XRD applications N2 - For many years pnCCDs have been well known as X-ray detectors for spectroscopic imaging in many fields of science: X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) with light sources in large accelerator facilities as well as with laboratory light sources or with X-rays from celestial sources in X-ray astronomy. A brief introduction in GEXRF (Grazing Emission XRF) measurements with a laboratory laser produced plasma source will be given, PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) measurements and D2XRF (Double Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence) and Slicing experiments with pnCCDs coupled to polycapillary optics performed at the BESSY synchrotron will be shown. Energy-dispersive Laue diffraction with ultra-hard X-rays for the analysis of defects in metals will conclude the overview of spectroscopic X-ray imaging measurements in the field of structure and dynamics of matter. KW - PnCCD KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927616001355 VL - 22 IS - S3 SP - 100 EP - 101 AN - OPUS4-38884 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fittschen, U.E.A. A1 - Möckel, R. A1 - Schreiner, M. A1 - klinger, M. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Meyer, B. A1 - Guhl, S. A1 - Renno, A. A1 - Godinho, J. A1 - Gloaguen, R. A1 - Gutzmer, J. T1 - Bundling analytical capacities to understand phase formation in recycling of functional materials N2 - Transitioning from combustion engine-driven transportation to e-mobility demands a paradigm shift – from a system geared to maximize energy efficiency (i.e. fuel consumption) to a system that may be constrained by the availability of high technology (critical) metals required for electrical energy storage systems and drives. In the wake of these developments efforts in securing new resources of these metals from recycling of end-of-life products are increasing steadily. Recycling of Li-Ion batteries has recently been evaluated. The results pinpoint to a critical need for understanding slag Formation and its dependence on metal components like Mn under extreme conditions. This will allow researchers to predict optimal Operation setting and to react quickly to changing market demands (which may be Li or Co at one point but may also shift to Ni or rare earth elements (REE)). The long-term goal is to control the formation of specific phases in slags allowing for a Maximum yield of elements of interest and optimal recovery in the separation processes that follows. The combination of data on the physical micro structure and local chemistry of the multi-Phase products during and after processing will help to understand and derive thermodynamic and kinetic data on its formation. In this paper we are giving an overview on the analytical challenges and approaches to provide robust data on local element concentration and species (especially Mn which is a common component of next generation Li-ion batteries cathodes), spanning the dimensions from the nanometer scale to the bulk material. The complementary interactions of X-rays and electrons make them ideal probes to collect Interface and “in-depth” information. Before- and -after studies as well as in situ structural changes and Phase (trans)formation, changes in elemental and elemental species (e.g. oxidation state) distribution may be tracked by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence microscopy and X-ray Absorption spectroscopy. The application of such advanced analytical tools will not only provide essential clues during early lab-based experiments towards the development of new recycling technologies, but may also be deployed for on-line and in-line monitoring of industrial processes. KW - Synchrotron KW - XANES KW - Slags KW - Battery PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.959.183 SN - 1662-9752 VL - 959 SP - 183 EP - 190 PB - Trans Tech Publ. AN - OPUS4-48900 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Scholz, Philipp T1 - The Bernstorf Gold - A challenge to the flexibility of SRXRF N2 - The gold finds from Bernstorf, in the Freising district of Bavaria, were discovered in 1998, in the area of a Bronze Age settlement. First analyses with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) revealed gold of an unusually high purity grade, which was explained by using cementation techniques. A newer analysis with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) indicated an even higher purity. These analytical results were the starting point of an ongoing discussion. The amount and type of the detected contaminants were highly controversial and led to contradictory interpretations. We reanalysed 11 gold samples with synchrotron radiation induced X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) at the BAMline at BESSY-II. To reach the desired detection limits a thorough analysis with three different excitation energies and detection conditions were applied to confirm or disprove the previous results. In this contribution we will get into the details for the need of the different measurement conditions and the virtues of the use of synchrotron radiation. The use and effectiveness of cementation techniques will be addressed. Finally we will present the achieved results and their impact on the discussion. T2 - ICXOM 24 CY - Trieste, Italy DA - 25.10.2017 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY KW - Archeometry PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42977 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Artificial intelligence for spectroscopy examples from BAMline N2 - Various applications for artificial intelligence in the context of spectroscopy will be presented. in particular, examples from bamline will be featured. After a short introduction to synchrotron radiation, artificial intelligence algorithms for the quantification of X-ray fluorescence measurement are discussed. In the second example, information retrieval by natural language processing is reviewed. As a last example the reconstruction of measurements with the X-ray color camera and coded apertures is presented. T2 - Seminar Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin CY - ATi Wien, Austria DA - 22.01.2020 KW - Machine learning KW - Natural language processing KW - Neural networks KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51891 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana T1 - SRXRF examples from the BAMline N2 - Synchrotron radiation sources with their unique properties in terms of intensity, polarization and adjustability offer a wide range of possibilities in materials research. A basic introduction about the creation and special properties of synchrotron radiation will be given. Examples of current work at BAMline, the high-energy measuring facility of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing at the synchrotron BESSY, are used to illustrate the possibilities and limitations of existing measuring methods. T2 - Better with Scattering CY - Online meeting DA - 16.03.2020 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51895 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de O. Primo, J. A1 - Horsth, D.F. A1 - de S. Correa, J. A1 - Das, A. A1 - Bittencourt, C. A1 - Umek, P. A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Yusenko, Kirill A1 - Zanetta, C. A1 - Anaissi, F.J. T1 - Synthesis and Characterization of Ag/ZnO Nanoparticles for Bacteria Disinfection in Water N2 - n this study, two green synthesis routes were used for the synthesis of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles, using cassava starch as a simple and low-cost effective fuel and Aloe vera as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The Ag/ZnO nanoparticles were characterized and used for bacterial dis- infection of lake water contaminated with Escherichia coli (E. coli). Characterization indicated the formation of a face-centered cubic structure of metallic silver nanoparticles with no insertion of Ag into the ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure. Physicochemical and bacteriological analyses described in “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater” were used to evaluate the efficiency of the treatment. In comparison to pure ZnO, the synthesized Ag/ZnO nanoparticles showed high efficiencies against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and general coliforms present in the lake water. These pathogens were absent after treatment using Ag/ZnO nanoparticles. The results indicate that Ag/ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via green chemistry are a promising candidate for the treatment of wastewaters contaminated by bacteria, due to their facile preparation, low-cost synthesis,and disinfection efficiency. KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-562440 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12101764 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 12 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - MDPI CY - Basel AN - OPUS4-56244 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Iro, M. A1 - Ingerle, D. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Kregsamer, P. A1 - Streli, C. T1 - Investigation of polycapillary half lenses for quantitative confocal micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis N2 - The use of polycapillary optics in confocal micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis (CMXRF) enables the destruction-free 3D investigation of the elemental composition of samples. The energy-dependent transmission properties, concerning intensity and spatial beam propagation of three polycapillary half lenses, which are vital for the quantitative interpretation of such CMXRF measurements, are investigated in a monochromatic confocal laboratory setup at the Atominstitut of TU Wien, and a synchrotron setup on the BAMline beamline at the BESSY II Synchrotron, Helmholtz-Zentrum-Berlin. The empirically established results, concerning the intensity of the transmitted beam, are compared with theoretical values calculated with the polycap software package and a newly presented analytical model for the transmission function. The resulting form of the newly modelled energy-dependent transmission function is shown to be in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulated results for the complete energy regime, as well as the empirically established results for the energy regime between 6 keV and 20 keV. An analysis of possible fabrication errors was conducted via pinhole scans showing only minor fabrication errors in two of the investigated polycapillary optics. The energy-dependent focal spot size of the primary polycapillary was investigated in the laboratory via the channel-wise evaluation of knife-edge scans. Experimental results are compared with data given by the manufacturer as well as geometric estimations for the minimal focal spot size. Again, the resulting measurement points show a trend in agreement with geometrically estimated results and manufacturer data. KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron KW - Capillary KW - confocal PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-562430 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577522009699 SN - 1600-5775 VL - 29 SP - 1376 EP - 1384 PB - International Union of Crystallography CY - Chester AN - OPUS4-56243 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Förste, F. A1 - Bauer, L. A1 - Streeck, C. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Kadow, D. A1 - Keil, C. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. T1 - Quantitative Analysis and 2D/3D Elemental Imaging of Cocoa Beans Using X‑ray Fluorescence Techniques N2 - As an important raw material for the confectionery industry, the cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.) has to meet certain legal requirements in terms of food safety and maximum contaminant levels in order to enter the cocoa market. Understanding the enrichment and distribution of essential minerals but also toxic metals is of utmost importance for improving the nutritional quality of this economically important raw food material. We present three X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques for elemental bio-imaging of intact cocoa beans and one additional XRF technique for quantitative analysis of cocoa pellets. The interrelation of all the methods presented gives a detailed picture of the content and 3D-resolved distribution of elements in complete cocoa beans for the first time. KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - CXC KW - Cocoa PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05370 VL - 95 SP - 5627 EP - 5635 PB - ACS Publications AN - OPUS4-57832 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Guerra, M.F. A1 - Martinón-Torres, M. A1 - Lemasson, Q. A1 - Moignard, B. A1 - Pacheco, C. A1 - Pichon, L. A1 - Macdonald, L. A1 - Hess, M. A1 - Tissot, I. ED - Guerra, M. F. ED - Martinón-Torres, M. ED - Quirke, S. T1 - Analytical approaches to Egyptian goldwork N2 - The structure and composition of ancient gold objects retain information about their long history of manufacture, from the exploitation of the ore to the finishing touches, as well as evidence of their use, deposition, and degradation. By developing an efficient analytical strategy, it is possible to retrieve that information. This chapter sets the necessary foundation 131to explore fully the analytical results presented in the following chapters of this volume. The techniques employed in the analyses of the Egyptian jewellery are described and the analytical parameters provided. For more established techniques, only brief introductions are presented, while more recent developments are presented in greater detail. KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - D2XRF KW - Egypt PY - 2023 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-586039 DO - https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.99681 SP - 131 EP - 191 AN - OPUS4-58603 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe T1 - Das goldene Zeitalter war damals Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben bereits in der Antike bekannten Metalle und wurde wegen seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit seit jeher als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck verwendet. Außerdem ist es leicht zu bearbeiten und weitgehend resistent gegen chemische Einflüsse. Die Analyse von Gold mit der durch Synchrotronstrahlung angeregten Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse ist zerstörungsfrei und liefert Informationen über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Im Mittelpunkt der hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragen nach der Herkunft, dem Herstellungsprozess und der Zugehörigkeit von Goldfunden. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden anhand einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert, die vom Wikingerschatz von Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten reichen. Darüber hinaus werden die heute am Synchrotron verfügbaren modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt. T2 - WISSENSCHAFT MIT WIRKUNG: Workshop Kulturguterhaltung – vom Dampfkessel zu Nanomaterialien CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 17.11.2021 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - Bernstorf KW - Nebra KW - XRF PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54139 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana T1 - Trace element analysis with synchrotron radiation N2 - Trace elements are chemical elements whose concentration in a material is very low. The exact definition depends on the application and varies for example between 100 micrograms per gram in analytical chemistry and 1000 micrograms per gram in geology. The ability to detect trace elements fast and quantitatively is of great importance in many areas of science and technology. With its high brilliance and flexibility in the excitation conditions, synchrotron radiation is an ideal tool for detecting traces even in small sample quantities. In this contribution I will report about the use of X-ray fluorescence(XRF)for qualitative and quantitative element sensitiveanalysis. In addition to the fundamentals of XRF and its quantification methods, the advantages and problems of different geometries like e.g. microXRF, Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF)or Double Dispersive XRF (D²XRF) will be discussed. Practical examples from BAMline from the research fields of medicine, geology and archaeometry will complete the lecture. T2 - Denver X-Ray Conference CY - Online meeting DA - 03.08.2020 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51890 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Machine learning: examples from BAMline N2 - Various applications for artificial intelligence in the context of spectroscopy will be presented. in particular, examples from BAMline will be presented. After a short introduction to synchrotron radiation, artificial intelligence algorithms for the quantification of X-ray fluorescence measurement are discussed. In the second example, information retrieval by natural language processing is discussed. T2 - Analytical Academy CY - Online meeting DA - 02.06.2020 KW - Machine learning KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - Synchrotron PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51898 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - X-Ray fluorescence with synchrotron radiation basics and applications N2 - In this talk, the features of X-ray fluorescence analysis with synchrotron radiation will be presented. First, the basics of the origin of synchrotron radiation and X-ray fluorescence analysis and the experimental setup will be discussed. Then, examples of trace element detection, micrometer resolution, and application of the X-ray color camera will be shown. T2 - HZB Photon school 2020 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 09.03.2020 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - Machine learning PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51894 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Machine learning for direct quantification of XRF measurements N2 - In X-ray fluorescence (XRF), a sample is excited with X-rays, and the resulting characteristic radiation is detected to detect elements quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantification is traditionally done in several steps: 1. Normalization of the data 2. Determination of the existing elements 3. Fit of the measured spectrum 4. Calculation of concentrations with fundamental parameters / MC simulations / standard based The problem with standard based procedures is the availability of corresponding standards. The problem with the calculations is that the measured intensities for XRF measurements are matrix-dependent. Calculations must, therefore, be performed iteratively (= time consuming) in order to determine the chemical composition. First experiments with gold samples have shown the feasibility of machine learning based quantification in principle. A large number of compositions were simulated (> 10000) and analyzed with a deep learning network. For first experiments, an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) with 3 hidden layers and 33x33x33 neurons was used. This network learned the mapping of spectra to concentrations using supervised learning by multidimensional regression. The input layer was formed by the normalized spectrum, and the output layer directly yielded the searched values. The applicability for real samples was shown by measurements on certified reference materials. T2 - Denver X-ray Conference CY - Lombard, IL, USA DA - 05.08.2019 KW - Machine learning KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Neural network KW - XRF KW - Synchrotron PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48903 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rauwolf, M. A1 - Turyanskaya, A. A1 - Roschger, A. A1 - Prost, J. A1 - Simon, R. A1 - Scharf, O. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Schoonjans, Tom A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Klaushofer, K. A1 - Wobrauschek, P. A1 - Hofstaetter, J. G. A1 - Roschger, P. A1 - Streli, C. T1 - Synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of thin structures in bone samples: comparison of confocal and color X-ray camera setups N2 - In the quest for finding the ideal synchrotron-radiation-induced imaging method for the investigation of trace element distributions in human bone samples, experiments were performed using both a scanning confocal synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence (SR-mXRF) (FLUO beamline at ANKA) setup and a full-field color X-ray camera (BAMline at BESSY-II) setup. As zinc is a trace element of special interest in bone, the setups were optimized for its detection. The setups were compared with respect to count rate, required measurement time and spatial resolution. It was demonstrated that the ideal method depends on the element of interest. Although for Ca (a major constituent of the bone with a low energy of 3.69 keV for its K alpha XRF line) the color X-ray camera provided a higher resolution in the plane, for Zn (a trace element in bone) only the confocal SR-µXRF setup was able to sufficiently image the distribution. KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - BESSY KW - XRF KW - X-ray Color Camera PY - 2017 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-391944 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577516017057 SN - 1600-5775 VL - 24 SP - 307 EP - 311 PB - International Union of Crystallography AN - OPUS4-39194 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -