TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - BAMline@BESSY2 - Advanced Techniques and Applications N2 - Synchrotron radiation sources offer a wide range of possibilities in materials research due to their unique properties in terms of intensity, polarization and adjustability. A basic introduction about the creation and special properties of synchrotron radiation will be given. Examples of current work at BAMline, the high-energy measuring facility of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing at the synchrotron BESSY, are used to illustrate the possibilities and limitations of existing measuring methods.” T2 - GDCH Kolloquium CY - Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany DA - 17.11.2022 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - XANES PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-61706 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Trace element analysis with synchrotron radiation N2 - Trace elements are chemical elements whose concentration in a material is very low. The exact definition depends on the application and varies for example between 100 micrograms per gram in analytical chemistry and 1000 micrograms per gram in geology. The ability to detect trace elements fast and quantitatively is of great importance in many areas of science and technology. With its high brilliance and flexibility in the excitation conditions, synchrotron radiation is an ideal tool for detecting traces even in small sample quantities. In this contribution I will report about the use of X-ray fluorescence(XRF)for qualitative and quantitative element sensitiveanalysis. In addition to the fundamentals of XRF and its quantification methods, the advantages and problems of different geometries like e.g. microXRF, Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF)or Double Dispersive XRF (D²XRF) will be discussed. Practical examples from BAMline from the research fields of medicine, geology and archaeometry will complete the lecture. T2 - Denver X-Ray Conference CY - Online meeting DA - 03.08.2020 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51890 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Machine learning - Examples from BAM Line N2 - This talk explores applications of artificial intelligence in the field of spectroscopy, with a special focus on research conducted at BAMline. We begin with an overview of synchrotron radiation and its unique capabilities in material analysis. The first part of the talk will cover the integration of AI algorithms in quantifying X-ray fluorescence measurements, providing enhanced precision and efficiency in data analysis. Following this, we will examine the role of language models in spectroscopic research, showcasing how these tools can facilitate the control of complex experimental set-ups T2 - Analytical Academy CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 12.11.2024 KW - ChatGPT KW - Neural networks KW - XRF KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61698 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Enhancing efficiency at bamline: employing data science and machine learning for x-ray research N2 - This talk discusses how data science and machine learning techniques are being applied at the BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing to enhance efficiency and automation at the BAMLine synchrotron facility. The methods presented include Gaussian processes and Bayesian optimization for beamline adjustment and optimization of X-ray measurements. These statistical techniques allow automated alignment of beamline components and active learning scanning to reduce measurement time. Additional machine learning methods covered are neural networks for quantification of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data and decoding coded apertures. T2 - 17th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (IWANN2023) CY - Ponta Delgada, Portugal DA - 19.06.2023 KW - Bayesian Optimization KW - Gaussian Process KW - BAMline PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58605 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - From Egypt to Hiddensee – Analysis of Gold with Synchrotron Radiation IV N2 - Gold is one of the seven metals already known in antiquity and was used from time immemorial as a medium of exchange and for the production of jewelry because of its luster and rarity. In addition, it is easy to work and largely resistant to chemical influences. Investigations of gold using synchrotron radiation excited X-ray fluorescence analysis are non-destructive and provide information about the chemical elements present in the sample under investigation. The investigations presented here at BAMline focus on questions such as the origin, manufacturing process, and association of gold findings. The different questions are explained by a number of examples ranging from the Viking treasure from Hiddensee to the Nebra Sky Disk and finds from Egypt. The find from Bernstorf is discussed in detail. A Bayesian treatment of the authenticity is shown. T2 - Ringvorlesung Einführung in die Archäometrie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.11.2022 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Bayesian Statistics KW - Gold KW - Röntgenfluoreszenz PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56252 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lutz, C. T1 - Investigation on Vanadium Crossover in Nafion ™ and Novel PVDF Based Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries N2 - Vanadium redoxflow batteries (VRFB)are currently one of the most promising candidates for stationary energys torage.For large scale applications the ion conducting membranes currently in use need to be improved. Ideally,they need to become more cost efficient and selective regarding the vanadium crossover.For a better understanding of the vanadium crossover, the development of reliable analytical methods and procedures, that elucidate uptake and transport of vanadium ions in the membrane, is necessary. First, we present the uptake of V2+,V3+,VO2+, VO2+ and V2O33+ in Nafion™ and in a novel membrane based onpoly(1,1-difluoroethylene)(PVDF). In preliminary discharge/charge experiments the ETFE-based membrane, the precursor of PVDF-based membrane, performed comparable to Nafion™. The methods of choice for speciation are UV/Vis and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES). According to the results, V2O33+, formed from VO2+ and VO2+, diffuses also into the membrane. In present models, the diffusion of V2O33+ is neglected. In addition,we study whether reactions could take place inside the membranes’ nanoscopic water body using XANES. Exposing Nafion™ from one site with V3+a nd from the other site with VO2+ realized the experiment. The results verified that VO2+ was formed inside the membrane. However,in present models reactions inside the membrane are neglected, too. T2 - Denver X-Ray Conference CY - Online meeting DA - 03.08.2020 KW - Batteries KW - BAMline KW - XANES KW - VRF PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51909 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Von Ägypten bis Hiddensee – Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Zusätzlich werden die modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt, die am Synchrotron heutzutage zur Verfügung stehen. T2 - Vorlesung FU Berlin Einführung in die Archäometrie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.11.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Gold KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38810 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - The Colour X-ray Camera – Basics and Applications of a 2D X-ray Detector N2 - The Color X-ray Camera CXC or SLcam® is an energy-resolving X-ray camera capable of energy- and space-resolved measurements. It consists of a high-speed CCD detector coupled to a polycapil-lary optic that conducts the X-ray photons from the probe to distinct pixels onto the detector. The camera is capable of fast acquisition of spatially and energy resolved fluorescence images. A dedicated software enables the acquisition and the online processing of the spectral data for all 69696 pixels, leading to a real-time visualization of the elements distribution in a sample. It was developed in a joint project with BAM, IFG Berlin and PN Sensors. In this contribution we will mainly discuss the use of the CXC at our beamline, the BAMline at BESSY II and imaging applications of the CXC from different areas, like biology and archaeometry. Additionally new developments for the use of the detector without optics, like wavelength dispersive detection or 1shot-XANES, will be presented. T2 - Seminar Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin CY - Wien, Austria DA - 20.01.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38811 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Es ist nicht alles Gold was glänzt - Die Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Zusätzlich werden die modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt, die am Synchrotron heutzutage zur Verfügung stehen. T2 - Vortragsreihe „Naturwissenschaftliche Einsichten in Kunst- und Kulturgut" CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 13.10.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Gold KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38809 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schneider, Ralf T1 - Investigation and control of protein adsorption for fluorescent nanosilver reference material N2 - Upon interaction of nanomaterials like noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) with biological systems like body fluids such as serum, a protein corona is formed.[1] This reversibly bound layer of proteins controls the transport of the NPs and their subsequent interaction with biological components.[2] The plasmonic properties of nobel metal NPs like Au and Ag can considerably affect the fluorescence properties of fluorophores in their vicinity, i.e., within a near field distance. Depending on the chemical composition, size and shape of these noble metal NPs, the spectral properties of the dye, and the particle-fluorophore distance, the fluorescence is quenched or in some cases enhanced.[3,4,5] This can be monitored by fluorescence intensity and lifetime measurements, with the latter effect being accompanied by an increase in fluorescence intensity and reduction in fluorescence lifetime due to an increase in radaiative rate constant. We utilized these effects to study and manipulate noble metal NP-protein interaction exemplarily for fluorophore-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) modified e.g. by succinylation, amination and the introduction of thiol groups, resulting in different binding affinities of the proteins.[6] Our results show that the fluorescent corona allows monitoring of the interaction of our accordingly protein-functionalized particles with biological model systems like solutions containing different amounts of various proteins. This can be eventually used for further in vitro and in vivo studies to assess the uptake, digestion, and excretion of surface functionalized noble metal NPs. T2 - EBS 2017 CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 20.03.2017 KW - Nanoparticles KW - Reference material KW - Fluorescence probes KW - Plasmonics PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-39552 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana T1 - S2XAFS: Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy in a ‘single-shot’ – First in situ applications N2 - The newly developed EXAFS set-up comprises both time- and spatially-resolved EXAFS information simultaneously in a single-shot. This facile, stable and scanningless set-up was tested at the BAMline @ BESSY-II (Berlin, Germany). The pri-mary broadband beam is generated by a filter/X-ray-mirror combination (bandpass). The transmitted beam through the sample is diffracted by a convexly bent Si (111) crystal, producing a divergent beam. This, in turn, is collected by an area sensitive detector, in a theta - 2 theta geometry. The first in situ measurements were successfully carried out and hereby presented. The case-study deals with research on Zn-based Metal-Organic-Frameworks (MOFs) that have potential for medi-cal/pharmaceutical applications. This hot topic of MOF research targets encapsulation of therapeutically relevant bio-macromolecules (e.g. Enzymes) for drug delivery applications. Questions regarding the influence of proteins on the coor-dination of Zn during MOF crystal growth and within the final MOF can be answered with this new setup. We were able to track structural changes within a 1s time resolution. T2 - CSI XL Conference CY - Pisa, Italy DA - 12.06.2017 KW - Single-shot EXAFS KW - In situ characterization KW - Biomedical applications PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40683 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Das goldene Zeitalter war damals Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben bereits in der Antike bekannten Metalle und wurde wegen seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit seit jeher als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck verwendet. Außerdem ist es leicht zu bearbeiten und weitgehend resistent gegen chemische Einflüsse. Die Analyse von Gold mit der durch Synchrotronstrahlung angeregten Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse ist zerstörungsfrei und liefert Informationen über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Im Mittelpunkt der hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragen nach der Herkunft, dem Herstellungsprozess und der Zugehörigkeit von Goldfunden. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden anhand einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert, die vom Wikingerschatz von Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten reichen. Darüber hinaus werden die heute am Synchrotron verfügbaren modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt. T2 - WISSENSCHAFT MIT WIRKUNG: Workshop Kulturguterhaltung – vom Dampfkessel zu Nanomaterialien CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 17.11.2021 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - Bernstorf KW - Nebra KW - XRF PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54139 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Manso, M. T1 - Assessment of heavy metals and hazardous substances in tattoo inks N2 - Tattooing practice is adopted worldwide and represents a socio-cultural phenomenon, but the injection into the skin of coloring agents, such as metals might pose a serious health problem. Tattoo ink compounds are in general not officially controlled. Moreover, the origins as well as the chemical and toxicological specifications of these coloring agents are hardly known by the producers, the tattooists and by the consumers. In this view, the aim of this study was to characterize the metal composition of tattoo inks available in the market and to draw attention to the associated risk for human health. A set of tattoo inks from the brand Kuro Sumi was analyzed by means of Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry (Sy-XRF) at BAMline @ BESSY II and Raman Spectroscopy using the XploRA confocal Raman microscope (785 nm laser) at the LIBPhys-UNL. Carbon black, rutile, phtalo blue, phtalo green, helizarin red, helizarin yellow and dioxazine violet were respectively identified in black, white, blue, green, red, yellow and violet inks. However, a wide range of transition and heavy metals, potentially hazardous was revealed by Sy-XRF. A semi-quantitative evaluation has revealed, in some inks, amounts of Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb higher than the allowed according to the resolution adopted by the Council of Europe on the safety of tattoos and permanent make-up. T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS) CY - Gothenburg, Schweden DA - 19.06.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - Tattoo PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38804 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hachmöller, O. T1 - Investigating Wilson´s disease by elemental bioimaging and speciation analysis using LA-ICP-MS, μXRF and XANES N2 - Wilson´s disease (WD) is a rare genetic disorder of the copper metabolism, causing the accumulation of copper in different organs, including the liver, the central nervous system and cornea. This way, WD initiates manifold hepatic, neurological or psychiatric symptoms. To learn about the elemental distribution and present species in WD, liver samples were analyzed by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), micro X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES). Within this work, LA-ICP-MS was applied to study the distribution of copper and iron in human liver samples, which were collected by a liver biopsy of WD and control patients within a medical investigation. The analysis by LA-ICP-MS was performed with a 213 nm Nd:YAG laser using a spatial resolution of 10 μm and a scan rate of 20 μm/s. In a next step, copper and iron were quantified by LA-ICP-MS using homemade matrix-matched standards made of gelatin. Results showed an inhomogeneous copper and iron distribution in human liver with hotspots up to several thousand micrograms per gram liver within the hepatocytes. Additionally, results for the elemental distribution in WD were validated by means of synchrotron radiation-based μXRF with a beam size of 4 μm at the BAMline at BESSYII (Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin). Furthermore, XANES was performed to identify the present oxidation states of copper in WD, indicating a mixture of copper(I) and copper(II) within the liver tissue. In the contemporary medicine, rhodanine staining is routinely used to determine the copper distribution in liver tissues. Nevertheless, this method does not provide results with a high sensitivity in comparison to LA-ICP-MS. Therefore, the presented LA-ICP-MS method offers a new possible diagnostic tool. These results may also contribute to a better understanding of Wilson´s disease and its development. T2 - Interdisziplinäres Doktorandenseminar des DAAS CY - Ulm, Germany DA - 06.04.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - BESSY KW - XRF KW - XANES PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38761 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hachmöller, O. T1 - Elemental bioimaging for the diagnosis of Wilson´s disease by means of LA-ICP-MS N2 - Wilson´s disease, a rare genetic disorder of the copper metabolism, causes the copper accumulation in various organs, leading to manifold hepatic, neurological and psychiatric symptoms. To study the elemental distribution, human Wilson´s disease liver samples were analyzed by means of LA-ICP-MS. Results demonstrated an inhomogeneous copper and iron distribution in human liver with hotspots of very high intensities. Both elements were quantified by an external calibration using matrix-matched standards made of gelatin, showing concentrations up to several thousand micrograms per gram. Additionally, results were validated by means of synchrotron radiation based μXRF at the BAMline at BESSYII (Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin). T2 - Anwenderttreffen Plasmaspektroskopie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 22.02.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BESSY KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38759 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mäder, M. T1 - Pokal der Dresdner Goldschmiedeinnung - Eine naturwissenschaftliche Spurensuche N2 - Die Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts gegründete Dresdener Goldschmiedeinnung, geriet im 19. Jahrhundert in wirtschaftliche Schwierigkeiten, was letztendlich zu ihrer Auflösung führte. Im Zuge dessen wurde 1872 auch der historische Innungspokal für 80 Taler an das Grüne Gewölbe in Dresden verkauft. Sowohl das Empfehlungsschreiben des damaligen Direktors als auch die Zustimmung zum zügigen Ankauf dürften Beleg dafür sein, dass man damals der festen Überzeugung war, ein etwa 250 Jahre altes, authentisches Silbergefäß erworben zu haben. Die aktuelle kunstwissenschaftliche Begutachtung des Innungspokals lässt begründete Fragen zum Alter und zur Originalität des Objektes, welches heute in der Sammlung des Grünen Gewölbes präsentiert wird, aufkommen. Die kunst-wissenschaftliche und kunsttechnologische Expertise reicht hier allein ftir eine gesicherte Altersbestimmung nicht aus und soll deshalb durch naturwissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zur Materialzusammensetzung unterstützt werden. T2 - Archäometrie und Denkmalpflege 2016 CY - Göttingen, Germany DA - 28.09.2016 KW - Synchrotron KW - BESSY KW - BAMLine KW - XRF PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38755 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Machine learning for direct quantification of XRF measurements N2 - In this talk I’ll describe the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) for quantifying X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements. The main idea of this talk is to give an overview of the process needed to generate a model that can then be applied to a specific problem. In XRF, a sample is excited with X-rays and the resulting characteristic radiation is detected to determine elements quantitatively and qualitatively. This is traditionally done in several time-consuming steps. I’ll show the possibilities and problems of using a neural network to realise a "one-click" quantification. This includes generating training data using Monte Carlo simulation and augmenting the existing data set with an ANN to generate more data. The search for the optimal hyperparameters, manually and automatically, is also described. For the case presented, we were able to train a network with a mean absolute error of 0.1% by weight for the synthetic data and 0.7% by weight for a set of experimental data obtained with certified reference materials. T2 - Seminar series: Artificial Intelligence applied to X-ray / synchrotron techniques CY - Online meeting DA - 24.06.2021 KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Machine learning KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54140 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Von der Antike in die Zukunft: Materialanalyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung N2 - Die Eigenschaften und die Verlässlichkeit von Materialien jeglicher Art sind seit jeher die Grundlagen der Technik einer Gesellschaft. Tiefgreifende Kenntnisse über sie sind deshalb eine Voraussetzung um neue Produkte zu entwickeln, Verlässlichkeit zu gewährleisten, oder aber auch, wie in der Archäometrie, Kenntnisse über die Vergangenheit zu gewinnen. Ein Schlüssel zum Verständnis ist das Wissen über die chemische Zusammensetzung und die Struktur von Materialien Die Analyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung bietet hierfür herausragende Werkzeuge an, die zerstörungsfrei und hochsensitiv sind. Mit Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse kann die elementare Zusammensetzung in winzigen Proben bis auf μg/g bestimmt werden. Anwendungsbeispiele aus verschiedenen Themengebieten, aber besonders von archäologischen Fragestellungen wie z.B. dem Goldfund von Bernstorf werden im Vortrag vorgestellt. T2 - Berliner Industriegespräch CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 05.04.2017 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY KW - Archeometry KW - BAMline PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42979 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Zur Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse von Kulturgütern - Von Nebra bis Ägypten N2 - Im Vortag werden die Möglichkeiten der Synchrotronstrahlungsinduzierten Röntgenfluoreszenzanalayse (SRXRF) dargestellt. Insbesondere werden bei einer Reihe von Beispielen die Vorteile der SRXRF erläutert und der mögliche Einsatz eines portablen Messgeräts für die Analse von Glas diskutiert. T2 - Workshop: Ritter, Goethe, ihre Prismen und die Polarität CY - Jena, Germany DA - 19.05.2017 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY KW - Archeometry KW - BAMline PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42976 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - News from the BAMline N2 - In this talk, the newest developments at the BAMline and examples of applications are presented. T2 - Seminar: STRAHLENPHYSIKALISCHE ANWENDUNGEN IN TECHNIK UND MEDIZIN CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 18.01.2017 KW - XANES KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42981 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - TXRF and XANES at the BAMline N2 - The BAMline at the synchrotron BESSY II in Berlin supplies users with up to date analytical x-ray methods for the energy range between 5 and 50 keV. Additional to XRF with micron Resolution it provides amongst other things the possibility to use TXRF and XANES. Especially the use of the so-called Color X-Ray Camera (CXC) opens the possibility to use new and effective detection schemes, which allow to measure simultaneously distributions of elements or Absorption spectra in a motionless mode. In this talk the analytical possibilities at the BAMline for samples with biological Background will be introduced. The available methods will be presented and discussed for various examples. A perspective for the future use for XANES in grazing emission and TXRF geometries for plant materials will be given. T2 - TXRF 2017 CY - Brescia, Italy DA - 19.09.2017 KW - XANES KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BESSY PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42978 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Prost, J. T1 - Trace element analysis of airborne particulate matter with TXRF and SR-TXRF-XANES N2 - Airborne particulate matter is a topic of growing interest. Particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 10 μm (PM 10) and especially the fine fraction below 2.5 μm (PM2.5) are of particular importance, as they can enter the human respiratory system and cause acute and chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases. The mass distribution of airborne particles in dependence of their diameters is well-known, but also the abundance and temporal variation of trace elements in air (mass concentrations down to the pg/m³ range) are crucial. These elements originate from various natural (abrasion, erosion) and anthropogenic sources (combustion, road traffic), which complicate the discrimination between harmless and toxic emissions. Some new methods of investigation are therefore needed and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy has ascertained ist huge potential in this matter, thanks to the possibility to determine simultaneously, in a time-resolved manner, the mass concentrations of critical elements which can be considered as markers of a potential toxic source. A method for the quantitative Analysis of airborne particles directly collected on sample substrates (30 mm quartz reflectors and 1" Si wafers suited for total-reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (TXRF) will be presented. Samplings were performed using a three- stage Dekati™ PM10 impactor (>10 μm, 2.5 to 10 μm and 1 to 2.5 μm) and a four-stage Sioutas Personal Cascade Impactor (>2.5 μm, 1 to 2.5 μm,0.5 to 1 μm and 0.25 to 0.5 μm) at indoor and outdoor sites at the Atominstitut (Vienna, Austria). Quantitative results of two outdoor test sampling campaigns (July 2016 and January 2017) will be presented and discussed. Low detection limits were assessed via TXRF and range from several 10 to several 100 pg/m³ depending on the element and particle size fraction. T2 - Denver X-ray Conference CY - Big Sky, Montana, USA DA - 31.07.2017 KW - XANES KW - Synchrotron KW - TXRF KW - BAMline PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42982 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hofmann, Michael T1 - Multigas Sensor System for Outdoor Odour Nuisance Monitoring N2 - The presentation gives a brief overview of the main goals, the used methods and the first results of the PMARS OdourSense project. In cooperation with the Moulay Ismaïl University in Meknès (Morocco), a multi-gas sensor system for odour nuisance monitoring in outdoor air and a method for testing/calibration of such devices are being developed in this project. T2 - German-Moroccan Workshop on PMARS III CY - Bonn, Germany DA - 20.06.2018 KW - Air-pollution monitoring KW - Multi-gas sensor system KW - Odour KW - Electronic nose KW - Outdoor odour control PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45266 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - News from the BAMline N2 - A presentation of recent measurements at the BAMline with focus on AI and ML applications T2 - Seminar: Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 18.05.2022 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - Bayesian Statistics KW - Gold KW - X-ray fluorescence PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56253 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Big to Small - Getting Smarter@BAMline N2 - In this talk an overview about artificial intelligence/machine learning applications @BAMline is given. In the first part, the use of neural networks for the quantification of XRF measurements and the decoding of coded-aperture measurements are shown. Then it is shown how Gaussian processes and Bayesian statistics can be used to achieve an optimal alignment of the set-up and in general for optimization of measurements. T2 - Forschungsseminar Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik TU Berlin CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.10.2022 KW - Artificial Inelligence KW - Machine Learning KW - Bayesian Statistics KW - Gaussian process KW - Neural network KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56249 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - ML@BAMLINE N2 - An overview of the machine learning methods used at BAMline. Examples of automatic alignment and optimisation based on Gaussian processes are discussed. Quantification of XRF measurements and reconstruction for coded aperture imaging based on neural networks are also presented. T2 - Machine Learning Workshop BAM CY - Online meeting DA - 18.03.2021 KW - Artificial Intelligence KW - Machine learning KW - Bayesian Optimization KW - Gaussian process KW - Neural Network PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54142 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Fittschen, U. T1 - Improving surface sensitive XRF using ink jet printing and information from the angle dependent signal N2 - Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) is a small footprint, ressource efficient micro-analytical tool for trace elemental determination. However, depending on the matrix TXRF is also challenging in several ways: the preparation of a representative aliquot maybe difficult for slurries, shading effects and matrix effects may occur and the applicability of an IS maybe hampered by interferences (fitting may be impaired as well) or inhomogeneities. It is therefore crucial to understand and if applicable mitigate the influence of the before mentioned phenomena. We have used the small volume approach using pL droplets to study shading in TXRF previously.Using this approach thin specimens in a favorable geometry are prepared with a well defined morphology; this way minimizing matrix effects and shading. To be used as standard it is also necessary to determine the delivered elemental amounts. Here we will present on the performance of a commercial ink-jet printer cartridge to deliver defined volumes and elemental amounts. The microscopic specimens obtained have been successfully applied to determine relative sensitivities in TXRF and prepare references to study coded apertures in grazing incidence full field micro-XRF.The homogeneous lateral distribution of analyte and IS may be probed by micro-XRF, to obtain information on alikeness of analyte and IS. To study the alikeness of the in depth distribution (film-like or particle-like) angle scans can deliver valuable data. Here we present first results on angle scans using a prototype GIXRF set up and a commercial TXRF instrument. T2 - Denver X-Ray Conference CY - Online meeting DA - 03.08.2020 KW - TXRF KW - Coded Aperture PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51913 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Melzer, Michael T1 - Die Etablierung des DCC im akkreditierten Kalibrierlabor im Rahmen von QI-Digital N2 - In diesem Beitrag soll die Etablierung von digitalen Kalibrierscheinen als maschineninterpretierbare Ergebnisberichte in akkreditierten Kalibrierlaboren, am Beispiel der Kalibrierung von Widerstandsthermometern nach DKD-R 5-1 aufgezeigt werden. Der DCC-Entwurf basiert auf dem von der PTB entwickelten DCC-Schema für XML-Formate. Vorrangig sollen folgende Aspekte bei der Umsetzung in akkreditierten Kalibrierlaboren beleuchtet werden: Angepasste digitale Workflows und Prozessdarstellungen; Harmonisierung von DCCs nach DKD-R 5-1; Entwicklung der IT-Infrastruktur (Middleware) zur automatisierten Generierung von DCCs; Erfahrungen aus der Pilotierung der DAkkS-eAttestation zum digitalen Nachweis der Akkreditierung; Praktische Umsetzung im Rahmen von QI-Digital. Dieses Qualitätswerkzeug soll im Gesamtkonzept von QI-Digital zum UseCase Wasserstofftankstelle kurz vorgestellt werden. T2 - 11. VDI-Fachtagung Messunsicherheit und Prüfprozesse 2023 CY - Erfurt, Germany DA - 14.11.2023 KW - Digitaler Kalibrierschein KW - Digitalisierung KW - QI-Digital PY - 2023 UR - www.vdi-wissensforum.de/02TA152023 AN - OPUS4-59042 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - SRXRF examples from the BAMline N2 - Synchrotron radiation sources with their unique properties in terms of intensity, polarization and adjustability offer a wide range of possibilities in materials research. A basic introduction about the creation and special properties of synchrotron radiation will be given. Examples of current work at BAMline, the high-energy measuring facility of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing at the synchrotron BESSY, are used to illustrate the possibilities and limitations of existing measuring methods. T2 - Better with Scattering CY - Online meeting DA - 16.03.2020 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51895 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Von Ägypten bis Hiddensee – Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung - Update 2018 N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Zusätzlich werden die modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt, die am Synchrotron heutzutage zur Verfügung stehen. T2 - Vorlesung FU Berlin Einführung in die Archäometrie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 01.11.2018 KW - Gold KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - BAMline PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46451 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Tragbare RFA an Gläsern: Ergebnisse und Grenzen N2 - Vorstellung der Ergebnisse der Messungen an Gläsern von Goethes Prismen. T2 - 3. Goethe/Ritter-Workshop CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.05.2018 KW - Goethe KW - Farbenlehre KW - Prisma KW - Handheld KW - XRF PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46369 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witte, Steffen T1 - S2XAFS@work: Customization for the Characterization of VOx based Catalysts N2 - X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) is a frequently employed technique in order to investigate structural composition and change of chemical compounds such as catalytic species. These structural properties are essential (i) to understand underlying reaction mechanism and (ii) to further improve the design of efficient catalysts. This investigation is based on a newly developed XAFS setup comprising both time- and lateral-resolved XAFS information simultaneously in a single-shot (S2XAFS). The primary broadband beam is generated by a filter/X-ray-mirror combination (bandpass). The transmitted beam through the sample is diffracted by a convexly bent Si (111) crystal, producing a divergent beam. This, in turn, is collected by an area sensitive detector with a theta to 2 theta geometry. This facile, stable and scanningless setup was tested at the BAMline @ BESSY-II (Berlin, Germany). This contribution focuses on further experimental optimizations allowing the characterization of supported vanadium oxide (VOx) based catalysts at the lower hard X-ray regime (5 to 6 keV). First S2XAFS measurements of these catalysts are presented herein. Supported VOx catalysts show promising results in the oxidation of methane to formaldehyde. S2XAFS allows determining the structural composition of the metal (i.e. vanadium) based on a fast and smart setup. It is therefore an ideal tool to identify crucial roles of chemical compounds in catalytic reactions. T2 - XAFS 2018 CY - Cracow, Poland DA - 22.07.2018 KW - XANES KW - XAFS KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46362 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witte, Steffen T1 - XAFS@BAMline N2 - X-ray Absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) is a frequently employed technique in order to investigate structural composition and Change of chemical compounds such as catalytic species or corrosion processes. These structural properties are essential (i) to understand underlying reaction mechanism and (ii) to further improve the design of materials. While XAFS measurements are usually performed with ionization Chambers or simple fluorescence detectors, we at BAMline specialize in measurements with innovative set-ups that meet Specialrequirements such as time resolution, (3D-) spatial Resolution or demanding sample environments. This contribution presents various available XAFS configurations with their corresponding applications. In particular, these comprise single -shot XAFS for time- resolved measurements, grazing-exit XAFS with energy and a spatially resolved detector for the characterization of thin films and an in situ grazing incidence Setup for the characterization of corrosion layers. Additionally,the possibility of analyzing Minute samples in total-reflection geometry is demonstrated. T2 - EXRS 2018 CY - Ljubljana, Slovenia DA - 24.06.2018 KW - XANES KW - XAFS KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron KW - TXRF PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46361 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sobol, Oded T1 - BAM’s role in materials science and hydrogen in metals: TOF-SIMS imaging N2 - Due to its low mass and high diffusivity in presence of compositional, thermal and mechanical gradients, hydrogen within a metallic microstructure can result in severe loss in ductility even at low concentrations and might lead eventually to a catastrophic and unpredictable failure of structural components during service. In this context, hydrogen mapping at the microscale is still considered among the most important challenges on the pathway towards a better understanding of the hydrogen transport and assisted cracking phenomena in metals, specifically in structural components, e.g. steels. Among the very few available techniques to localize hydrogen at the microscale, Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was proven to be a reliable tool. Based on the assumption that deuterium influence the microstructure similarly to hydrogen, in the following contribution ToF-SIMS was applied as the main technique to detect and locally map the deuterium distribution in several alloys: lean 2101 and standard 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS), AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel and titanium 6Al-4V alloy. These alloys were selected as case studies in this work due to the wide use of them in many applications and environments which frequently provide critical conditions for hydrogen absorption and assisted degradation. The innovative design of in-situ and ex-situ experiments enabled us to elucidate the permeation, transport and trapping of deuterium in the microstructure in sub-micron resolution for the first time. In addition to the novel experimental setups, further progress was gained by applying computational multivariate data analysis (MVA) on the raw data and data fusion with high resolution structural characterization methods (scanning electron microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction – SEM/EBSD). This combination allowed us to correlate the deuterium distribution and the influence on the microstructure. T2 - 4th Symposium on Innovative Measurement and Analysis for Structural Materials CY - Tokyo, Japan DA - 13.11.2018 KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Duplex stainless steel KW - Austenitic stainless steel KW - Principal Component Analysis KW - Data-fusion PY - 2018 UR - https://unit.aist.go.jp/tia-co/project/SIP-IMASM/sympo/2018/index.html AN - OPUS4-46867 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kianinejad, Kaveh A1 - Fedelich, Bernard A1 - Darvishi Kamachali, Reza A1 - Schriever, Sina A1 - Manzoni, Anna Maria A1 - Agudo Jácome, Leonardo A1 - Megahed, Sandra A1 - Kamrani, Sepideh A1 - Saliwan Neumann, Romeo T1 - Experimentally informed multiscale creep modelling of additive manufactured Ni-based superalloys N2 - Excellent creep resistance at elevated temperatures, i.e. T / T_m> 0.5, due to γ-γ’ microstructure is one of the main properties of nickel-based superalloys. Due to its great importance for industrial applications, a remarkable amount of research has been devoted to understanding the underlying deformation mechanism in a wide spectrum of temperature and loading conditions. Additive manufactured (AM) nickel-based superalloys while being governed by similar γ-γ’ microstructure, exhibit AM-process specific microstructural characteristics, such as columnar grains, strong crystallographic texture (typically <001> fiber texture parallel to build direction) and compositional inhomogeneity, which in turn leads to anisotropic creep response in both stationary and tertiary phases. Despite the deep insights achieved recently on the correlation between process parameters and the resulting microstructure, the anisotropic creep behavior and corresponding deformation mechanism of these materials are insufficiently understood so far. One reason for this is the lack of capable material models that can link the microstructure to the mechanical behavior. To overcome this challenge, a multiscale microstructure-based approach has been applied by coupling crystal plasticity (CP) and polycrystal model which enables the inclusion of different deformation mechanisms and microstructural characteristics such as crystallographic texture and grain morphology. The method has been applied to experimental data for AM-manufactured INCONEL-738LC (IN738). The effect of different slip systems, texture, and morphology on creep anisotropy at 850°C has been investigated. Results suggest a strong correlation between superlattice extrinsic stacking fault (SESF) and microtwinning and observed creep anisotropy. T2 - EUROMAT 23 CY - Frankfurt a. M., Germany DA - 04.09.2023 KW - IN738LC KW - Creep anisotropy KW - Crystal plasticity PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58263 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph T1 - Introduction of a monitoring system for Bingham fluids in additive manufacturing with concrete N2 - Freeform additive manufacturing of concrete structures is a rising technology in civil engineering with several fascinating advantages. Nonetheless, to ensure reliability and structural integrity, standards and quality control are required in the future to bring this technology into the market. As the concrete is manufactured continuously, continuous quality control of the printing process is also required, i.e. comprehensive process monitoring. At BAM, a test rig will be installed, enabling the printing of concrete structures with a maximum size of 2 m x 1 m x 1 m (l x w x h). Here, process monitoring is the focus of the test rig. In this study, we show the results of the first pump tests, including the measurement of several parameters such as temperature and pressure along the supply system, i.e. from the concrete pump to the printer head. T2 - NDT-CE 2022 CY - Zurich, Switzerland DA - 16.08.2022 KW - Additive manufacturing of concrete KW - Process monitoring KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Bingham fluid PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55637 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Baensch, Franziska T1 - Acoustic emission testing N2 - The phenomenon of acoustic emission (AE) and fundamentals of AE testing procedures are presented. AE based failure analysis of reinforced concrete beam under bending load, steel pipe segments under bending load and wood based materials under tension load are discussed. T2 - INFRASTAR, Training Week #03 at AAU CY - Aalborg, Denmark DA - 04.06.2018 KW - Acoustic emission PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45147 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Engelhard, Carsten T1 - Advances in Analytical Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry to Support a Sustainable and Circular Economy N2 - Recent advances in analytical chemistry have significantly supported efforts to realize a sustainable circular economy and circular chemistry. By enabling rapid materials analysis and characterization of materials transformation throughout their life cycle, analytical methods are playing a key role in supporting waste reduction, resource recovery, pollution monitoring, and sustainable manufacturing. In this presentation, recent developments in analytical chemistry and analytical instrumentation to support a sustainable and circular economy will be reviewed and selected contributions from our laboratories will be discussed. For example, high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with chromatography is an indispensable tool for the identification and characterization of plastics. To support the transition from linear to circular chemistry, whichs prioritizes reuse, recycling, and resource efficiency, accurate and detailed chemical information about plastic materials is essential. Here, targeted and non-targeted screening approaches help to characterize, for example, the quality and safety of recycled plastics. In addition, green analytical chemistry has emerged as a topic of interest, emphasizing the use of solvent-free and low-energy methods to minimized environmental impact during analysis. Here, ambient desorption/ionization high-resoluton mass spectrometry (ADI-MS) is considered a very attractive tool because it dos not require chromatography or large amounts of solvent, reduces sample preparation time, and produces virtually no chemical waste. Here, a solvent-free, plasma-based ADI-MS method is presented, which was carefuly developed for the direct identification and fast screening of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS are a large class of thousands of synthetic chemicals that are used worldwide. However, growing environmental and human health concerns in the last two decades have led to more stringent regulatory requirements and the development of quantitative analytical methods for PFAS detection. Today, standardized and powerful methods exist, e.g., for the determination PFAS in water, sludge, compost, soil, and drinking water. While liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is often used, sample preparation, solvent consumption, and total analysis times can be challenging. Here, ADI-MS is considered interesting, because it requires only minimal sample preparation and little solvent consumption. In this work, a plasma-based pin-to-capillary flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow source (FAPA) is used for the direct desorption/ionization of PFAS from thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates. Selected PFAS samples were directly probed on functionalized TLC surfaces without a preceding planar chromatography step. In addition, direct analysis of PFAS mixtures and selected matrices was performed with little solvent consumption, no sample preparation and short analysis time. T2 - XXII European Conference on Analytical Chemistry (EUROANALYSIS) CY - Barcelona, Spain DA - 31.08.2025 KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Extractables & Leachables KW - Non-Targeted Analysis KW - PFAS KW - FAPA-MS PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65275 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Data-Driven Spectrochemical Sensing for Elemental and Isotopic Analysis—from Energy Systems to Biomedicine N2 - High-resolution optical spectrometers generate spectra containing tens of thousands of data points per sample. Picometre-scale isotope shifts, matrix-induced line broadening, and strong inter-feature correlations render classical peak fitting unreliable. Current analytical challenges, therefore, require rigorous algorithms able to expose latent structure, quantify uncertainty, and remain chemically interpretable. The research program presented in this lecture integrates state-of-the-art spectrochemical instrumentation with mathematically disciplined data models. Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Squares provide chemically meaningful latent variables, while gradient-boosted decision trees or deep neural networks (ANNDL) capture residual non-linearity without sacrificing traceability. All models are trained on isotope-enriched or synthetically generated spectra and distributed with full validation workflows. Two research areas illustrate this strategy: (1) Isotopic analytics for materials, environment, and medicine. (2) Data-fusion diagnostics for battery ageing and failure. T2 - Temple University: Mechanical Engineering Transformative Science and Technology Engineering Lecture Series CY - Philadelphia, PA, USA DA - 02.10.2025 KW - Isotope KW - Data analysis KW - Machine learning KW - Elemental analysis KW - Battery PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64877 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Tracking Lithium-Ion Battery Ageing via Lithium Isotope Fractionation N2 - Lithium-ion batteries power portable devices, electric vehicles, and stationary power grids, yet hidden aging reactions still shorten their service life and raise concerns about cost and safety. An analytical proxy is needed to report these reactions and accelerate product development, quality control, and recycling. Here, we demonstrate that subtle shifts in the natural 7Li/6Li ratio accurately record the two decisive stages of cell aging, solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and field-driven aging, which can be detected using multi-collector ICP-MS. Because Li is easily stripped from digested electrodes or electrolyte in a one-step cation-exchange column, high-purity solutions reach the spectrometer in minutes. A streamlined MC-ICP-MS run yields a δ7LiLSVEC precision of 0.4 ‰, enabling dozens of battery fractions to be analyzed per day. Applying the workflow to LiCoO2 coin cells as models, sampled from pristine to 700 cycles, reveals a clear isotopic narrative. During the first ≈45 cycles, 7Li leaves the LiCoO2 lattice, dissolves into the electrolyte, and is locked in the SEI on graphite, driving cathode δ7Li from +8 to –10 ‰ and raising the anode to +13 ‰ while capacity drops by 10 %. After the interphase matures, the electric field takes over: the lighter 6Li migrates faster to the anode, 7Li accumulates in the contracting Li1-xCoO2 lattice, and the bulk separation factor rises to α≈1.045 by 700 cycles. The δ7Li curve flattens roughly 70 cycles before capacity falls to 80%, providing an early warning of end-of-life. Isotopic gradients scale linearly with impedance growth, SEI thickness, and crack density confirmed by LA-ICP-MS mapping, FIB-SEM, XANES, and EXAFS. Although each data point requires one cell, lithium-isotope fractionation provides direct, element-specific, and structural fatigue insight unavailable from non-destructive tests. The straightforward chemistry and fast MC-ICP-MS routine make the approach practical for targeted aging studies, additive screening, and forensic autopsies, complementing high-throughput electrochemical methods and supporting the design of longer-lived batteries. T2 - SciX 2025 CY - Covington, KY, USA DA - 05.10.2025 KW - Isotope KW - Lithium KW - MC-ICP-MS KW - MICAP-MS KW - Isotope fractionation KW - Battery PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64879 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sobol, Oded T1 - Hydrogen assisted cracking phenomena in duplex stainless steels elucidated by in- and ex-situ ToF-SIMS experiments N2 - In the presented research, the high potential and abilities of secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to detect and locally map the hydrogen distribution in two types of duplex stainless steels are shown. The research validates certain proposed mechanisms by combining ToF-SIMS with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and electron-backscattered diffraction. The combination of data from several techniques on the same region was conducted in this field for the first time by applying data treatment of the ToF-SIMS raw data and data fusion approach. This powerful combination of methods allows reviewing of the occurring processes related to hydrogen assisted cracking. The step beyond the state of the art in this field was gained here by developing permeation and mechanical loading experiments within the ToF-SIMS during chemometric imaging of the hydrogen distribution in the microstructure. The research presents the necessary correlation between the hydrogen distribution and the resulted structural changes, the diffusion behavior in a duplex microstructure and stress induced diffusion of hydrogen by applying external load at the microscale. T2 - 6th WMRIF Early Career Scientist Summit CY - NPL Teddington UK DA - 18.06.2018 KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Duplex stainless steel KW - LDX KW - EBSD KW - Data-fusion PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46865 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute T1 - The emp project smurfnano – Standardizing the quantification of surface functionalities, ligands, and coatings on nanomaterials N2 - For industrial applications such as medical diagnostics, drug delivery, sensing, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, opto-electronics, and information storage, meanwhile engineered nanoparticles (NPs) with various chemical compositions and surface functionalities are routinely fabricated. NP function, interaction with biological species, and environmental fate are largely determined by surface functionalities. Reliable, reproducible, and standardized surface characterization methods are therefore vital for quality control of NPs, and mandatory to meet increasing concerns regarding their safety. Also, industry, international standardization organizations, regulatory agencies, and policymakers need validated and standardized measurement methods and reference materials. These needs are addressed by the recently started European metrology project SMURFnano involving 12 partners from different National Metrology Institutes, designated institutes, and research institutes, two university groups as well as one large company and one SME producing NPs. This project as well as first results derived from the development of test and reference materials with a well characterized surface chemistry and ongoing interlaboratory comparisons will be presented. T2 - LNE Workshop CY - Paris, France DA - 04.11.2025 KW - Quality assurance KW - Fluorescence KW - Nano KW - Particle KW - Synthesis KW - Characterization KW - Advanced material KW - Surface KW - Standardization KW - Reference material KW - Functional group KW - Quantification KW - Coating KW - Automation KW - Potentiometry KW - Method KW - Validation KW - Optical assay KW - Fluram KW - qNMR KW - Comparison KW - ILC PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64725 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Analytical and Characterisation Excellence in nanomaterial risk assessment: A tiered approach Task2.5 N2 - The final results of Task 2.5 "Optimization of sample preparation for characterization of ENPs using TOF-SIMS under real-life conditions (a.) UfZ: polymer template; b.) BAM: pressing of pellets)" were presented. T2 - ACEnano General Meeting CY - Amsterdam, The Netherlands DA - 05.03.2020 KW - Nanoparticles KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Preparation PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-50572 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute T1 - Nanocarriers – Challenges Imposed by Material Characterization N2 - A brief perspective of BAM on nanocarriers is presented including examples with special emphasis on the characterization of such materials and underlying challenges. In this respect, also ongoing activities at BAM on different types of core/shell nanomaterials and related systems are briefly summarized. T2 - Kolloquium BfR CY - Online meeting DA - 18.03.2021 KW - Nanomaterial KW - Nanocarrier KW - Size KW - Surface chemistry KW - Release kinetics KW - Chemical composition KW - Core/shell nanoparticle KW - Quantum dot KW - Spectroscopy KW - Fluorescence PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52412 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Analytical & Characterisation Excellence in nanomaterial risk assessment: A tiered approach N2 - The work packages of the EU H2020 project ACEnano are presented and their activities in standardization and guidance for regulators and SMEs. T2 - ISO/TC 229 Strategy meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 10.11.2020 KW - Nanomaterials KW - Standardization KW - Risk assessment PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51611 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Elemental composition of an ionic liquid surface N2 - (1) First results show the suitability of IL as reference for quantification of XPS (at least for organic materials). (2) Different quantification methods lead to similar results (with a slight advantage for “background method”). (3)Promising reference material for a better understanding and traceable protocols for the quantification of organic materials with XPS. T2 - BIPM / SAWG Spring Meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 12.05.2021 KW - Ionic liquid KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Quantification PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52688 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Chemical modification of graphene and carbon nano tubes as viewed by xps and nexafs spectroscopies with dft spectra simulation N2 - Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon network with unique properties. However, its low solubility, poor reactivity and the limited accessibility of a well-defined basal plane are major challenges for applications. An ideal method to overcome these problems is the covalent attachment of functional molecules to its surface which enable further reactive modifications for specific applications. There are several technologies for surface functionalization of graphene and related CNT materials. To get control on the functionalization process and to optimize the performance of the modified surfaces analytical tools for surface chemical characterization are required. X-ray absorption (NEXAFS) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been identified to be rather powerful here [1-3]. Specifically, NEXAFS spectroscopy underpinned by quantum chemical spectrum simulations [4] is unique in a way to address changes of aromaticity and defect formation at the graphene surface during functionalization. For relevant surface modification technologies, we present examples on how NEXAFS and XPS can do a good job. All presented modifications aim on the production of platforms for defined functional 2D nanomaterials, as for example multifunctional hybrid architectures. In detail, we investigated: • A wet chemical method for covalent functionalization of graphene sheets by a one-pot nitrene [2+1] cycloaddition reaction under mild conditions. Here a reaction between 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and sodium azide with thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) results in defined dichlorotriazine-functionalized graphene sheets. • Graphene and carbon nanotube functionalized by Vacuum-Ultraviolet (VUV) induced photochemical or r.f. cw low pressure plasma processes to introduce amino, hydroxy or brominated functionalities. To underpin finger-print information delivered by C K-edge NEXAFS we studied the effects of selected point and line defects as well as chemical modifications for a single graphene layer model by density functional theory based spectrum simulations. References [1] P.-L. Girard-Lauriault et al., Appl. Surf. Sci., 258 2012 8448-8454, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.03.012 [2] A. Lippitz et al., Surf. Sci., 611 2013 L1-L7, DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2013.01.020 [3] A. Faghani et al., Angew. Chemie (International ed.), 56 2017 2675-2679, DOI:10.1002/anie.201612422 [4] C. Ehlert, et al., Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys., 16 2014 14083-14095, DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01106f T2 - AVS 65th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM CY - Long Beach, CA, USA DA - 21.10.2018 KW - Graphene KW - Plasma KW - Nitrene [2+1] cycloaddition KW - XPS KW - NEXAFS PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46468 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Elucidating core shell nanostructures with surface analytics N2 - XPS is a versatile tool for elucidating core shell structures. XPS can obtain information for organic compounds (polymer particle, organic coating ) which are hardly or not detectable with other Methods. XPS is an important tool for the risk assessement of nanoparticles T2 - Kratos German User Meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 26.05.2021 KW - Core-shell nanoparticles KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Complementary methods PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52717 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tavernaro, Isabella T1 - Where Do We Stand – Quantifying Amino Groups on Silica (Nano)Particles N2 - Industry and regulators are increasingly requesting validated and standardized measurement protocols to support the manufacturing, quality control, and safe use of engineered nanomaterials. Addressing a remaining gap in method development and standardization for nanomaterial characterization, we investigated in a bilateral comparison various methods commonly used for surface functional group quantification, like quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and optical assays. These results demonstrate not only an influence of the size and synthesis methods on the number of surface functional groups for differently sized commercial and in-house synthesized silica nanoparticles but also on their functionality. T2 - Kickoff-Meeting SMURFnano CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 09.07.2024 KW - Nano KW - Particles KW - Silica KW - Synthesis KW - Quantification KW - Functional groups KW - Quality assurance KW - Reference material KW - Interlaboratory comparison KW - Method KW - Uncertainty KW - Sensor KW - Surface analysis PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62164 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hülagü, Deniz A1 - Hirahara, Kenta A1 - Fischer, Daniel A1 - Florian, Camilo A1 - Schusterbauer, Robert A1 - Ermilova, Elena A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Unterreiner, Andreas-Neil A1 - Bonse, Jörn A1 - Hertwig, Andreas T1 - Using imaging ellipsometry to understand femtosecond laser materials processing of group IV materials N2 - Laser materials processing is an important tool for creating and shaping new materials. Laser machining, especially with ultrashort pulses offers the modification of surfaces, thin coatings, and bulk materials with an unprecedented precision and control. The most desired feature of pulsed laser processing in the femtosecond range is that the heat-affected zone in the irradiated material will be extremely small. To better understand the mechanisms involved during laser irradiation, it is important to analyse the outcome of light-matter interaction with spectroscopic methods. Ellipsometry, especially spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry (SIE), has become an important tool for this in recent times, as it gives access to local layer thicknesses, materials dielectric functions, and features like changes in surface roughness. This work includes an overview over our recent studies examining near-infrared fs-laser surface processing of different group IV materials. The superficial phase change of silicon from crystalline to amorphous has been investigated in the past as the result of laser processing strongly depends on the crystal orientation. Moreover, SIE is capable of determining the properties of buried a-Si interfaces with micrometer lateral and sub-nanoneter vertical precision. Additionally, the growth of native and laser-induced oxides can be revealed. T2 - ICSE10 - 10th International Conference on Spectroscopic Ellipsometry CY - Boulder, CO, USA DA - 08.06.2025 KW - Laser surface ablation KW - Amorphous Carbon KW - Silicon KW - Correlative Imaging Ellipsometry PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63633 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -