TY - GEN A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Schmidt, Alexandra A1 - Kämpf, K. A1 - Bachmann, V. A1 - Peters, T. A1 - Kuhlbusch, T. T1 - Test Guideline No. 125 - Nanomaterial Particle Size and Size Distribution of Nanomaterials N2 - The OECD Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (WPMN) has actively worked towards understanding possible safety issues for manufactured nanomaterials and has contributed significantly to resolving these by developing Test Guidelines, Guidance Documents, Test Reports and other publications with the aim of a safe use of manufactured nanomaterials. To address the specific needs of manufactured nanomaterials, the OECD Test Guideline No. 110 “Particle Size Distribution/Fibre Length and Diameter Distributions” was identified as one of the test guidelines (TGs) to require an update. The current TG 110 (adopted in 1981) is only valid for particles and fibres with sizes above 250 nm. The WPMN prioritised to either update TG 110 to be applicable also to particles at the nanoscale or draft a new nanomaterial specific (TG). Eventually, it was decided to develop a new TG that covers the size range from 1 nm to 1000 nm, intended for particle size and particle size distribution measurements of nanomaterials. Paragraph 11 provides further justification on the need for such measurements for nanomaterials. This TG overlaps with TG 110 in the size range from 250 nm to 1000 nm. When measuring particulate or fibrous materials, the appropriate TG should be selected depending on the size range of particles tested. In line with TG 110, the new TG for nanomaterials includes separate parts for particles and fibres. For the part of this TG which addresses particles, several methods applicable to nanomaterials were reviewed and included to take into account developments since 1981 when the TG 110 was adopted. This TG includes the following methods: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Centrifugal Liquid Sedimentation (CLS)/Analytical Ultracentrifugation (AUC), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Differential Mobility Analysis System (DMAS), (Nano)Particle Tracking Analysis (PTA/NTA), Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The method Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (sp-ICP-MS) could not be sufficiently validated within the interlaboratory comparison (ILC) carried out for the different methods in this TG (see also paragraph 6 for further details on the ILC). Applicability of sp-ICP-MS is strongly limited to nanomaterials with high mass values in combination with a sufficiently high particle size. However, the general method ICP-MS is widely used and the sp-mode for the size measurement of specific nanomaterials was successfully performed in ILCs elsewhere. The method is therefore included in the Appendix Part C of this TG, which further details the limitations of sp-ICP-MS. For measuring the diameter and length of fibres, analysing images captured with electron microscopy is currently the only method available. This TG includes Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). To test the validity of this TG, an ILC was performed. Test materials were chosen to reflect a broad range of nanomaterial classes, e.g. metals, metal oxides, polymers and carbon materials. Where possible, well-characterised test materials were used. Additionally, the test materials were chosen to reflect a broad range of sizes representing the size range 1 nm to 1000 nm. Specifically for fibres, a broad range of aspect ratios was included (length/diameter of 3 to > 50). Some of the test materials used are commercially available and further references are given in the validation report of the ILC. Sample preparation for physical chemical characterisation is critical for all listed methods. Due to the differences between individual nanomaterials and due to the wide range of individual material properties it is impossible to have a generic protocol to obtain the best possible sample preparation for every nanomaterial. Therefore, a generic protocol on sample preparation is not part of this TG. Information on sample preparation is given in the paragraphs 25-29, 33, 34 and 39 for particles and in paragraphs 159) for fibres. Further information on sample preparation of nanomaterials for physical chemical characterisation can be found in the OECD Guidance on Sample Preparation and Dosimetry for the Safety Testing of Manufactured Nanomaterials and elsewhere. KW - Nano KW - Nanomaterial KW - Nanoparticle KW - OECD KW - Test guideline PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1787/20745753 SP - 1 EP - 72 PB - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-55191 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Schmidt, Alexandra A1 - Kämpf, K. A1 - Bachmann, V. A1 - Peters, T. A1 - Kuhlbusch, T. T1 - Draft OECD Test Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals - Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials N2 - Final Draft of the OECD Test Guideline for Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials. The OECD Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (WPMN) has actively worked towards understanding possible safety issues for manufactured nanomaterials and has contributed significantly to resolving these by developing Test Guidelines, Guidance Documents, Test Reports and other publications with the aim of a safe use of manufactured nanomaterials. The OECD website (www.oecd.org/science/nanosafety) and the referenced publications contain more background information. Among others, the OECD Test Guideline “Particle Size Distribution/Fibre Length and Diameter Distributions” (TG 110, adopted in 1981) was identified to require an update to address the specific needs of manufactured nanomaterials as the TG 110 is currently only valid for particles and fibres with sizes above 250 nm. The WPMN prioritised to either update TG 110 to be applicable also to particles at the nanoscale or draft a new nanomaterial specific Test Guideline (TG). Eventually, it was decided to develop a new TG for particle size and particle size distribution measurements of nanomaterials covering the size range from 1 nm to 1000 nm for further justification. This TG overlaps with TG 110 in the size range from 250 nm to 1000 nm. When measuring particulate or fibrous materials, the appropriate TG should be selected depending on the size range of particles tested. In line with TG 110, the new TG for nanomaterials includes separate parts for particles and fibres. For the part of this TG which addresses particles, several methods applicable to nanomaterials were reviewed and included to take into account developments since 1981 when the TG110 was adopted. This TG includes the following methods: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Centrifugal Liquid Sedimentation (CLS)/Analytical Ultracentrifugation (AUC), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Differential Mobility Analysis System (DMAS), (Nano)Particle Tracking Analysis (PTA/NTA), Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). For measuring the diameter and length of fibres, analysing images captured with electron microscopy is currently the only method available. This TG includes Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). To test the validity of this TG, an ILC was performed. Test materials were chosen to reflect a broad 68 range of nanomaterial classes, e.g. metals, metal oxides, polymers and carbon materials. Where possible, well-characterised test materials were used. Additionally, the test materials were chosen, so that they reflect a broad range of sizes representing the size range 1 nm to 1000 nm and finally, for fibres only, aspect ratios from length/diameter of 3 to > 50. KW - Nano KW - OECD KW - Test guideline KW - Nanomaterial KW - Nanoparticle PY - 2021 UR - https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/testing/draft-test-guideline-particle-size-distribution-nanomaterials.pdf SP - 1 PB - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-53828 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Gold nanocubes with monodispersed size distribution (SEM SE) N2 - Gold nanocubes with a monodispersed size distribution (edge = 55 nm) deposited on a silicon wafer. These tiny uniform cubes were produced as reference nanoparticles in the frame of the European project nPSize - Improved traceability chain of nanoparticle size measurements. SEM Image acquired at 10 kV with an in-lens secondary electron detector. Image colored in ImageJ using LUT “Orange hot.” Published in Microscopy and Microanalysis 25(S2) (2019) 2328. KW - Nanoparticles KW - Nanocubes KW - Electron microscopy KW - Reference materials PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1551929520001157 VL - 28 IS - 4 SP - 12 EP - 12 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge, UK AN - OPUS4-51352 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - 2020 Microscopy Today Micrograph Awards N2 - Gold nanocubes with a monodispersed size distribution (edge = 55 nm) deposited on a silicon wafer. These tiny uniform cubes were produced as reference nanoparticles within the EMPIR project nPSize - Improved traceability chain of nanoparticle size measurements. SEM image acquired at 10 kV with an in-lens secondary electron detector. Image colored in ImageJ using LUT “Orange hot.” Published in Microscopy and Microanalysis 25(S2) (2019) 2328. KW - Nanoparticles KW - Au-nanocubes KW - Reference materials KW - Electron microscopy PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1551929520001339 VL - 28 IS - 5 SP - 14 EP - 15 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge, UK AN - OPUS4-51357 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - You Ask – ACEnano Replies N2 - The workshop starts with introductory information about the workshop and the H2020 project ACEnano, followed by two expert round tables, focussing on how the project could address regulator and industry needs, respectively. This is be followed by parallel sessions on tools (based on preferences expressed by those registered to attend, see “Questions”) and finally a question-and-answer session with the attendees. The experts invited in Round Table 1 have been prepared to answer to questions related to obstacles and advantages for stakeholders such as SMEs to use the ACEnano approaches/tools. Standardisation needs are discussed. T2 - nanoSafety Cluster Training (NSC) Day @ NanoSAFE 2020: ACEnano users’ workshop “You Ask – ACEnano Replies” CY - Online meeting DA - 23.11.2020 KW - ACEnano KW - Standardisation KW - Nanomaterials KW - Nano-characterisation PY - 2020 UR - https://www.nanosafetycluster.eu/ SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-51693 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Hörenz, Christoph T1 - Improving nanoparticle size measurement accuracy for safety assessment N2 - Nanomaterials and nanoparticles are finding applications across a wide range of technology sectors, from medicine and food to transportation and construction. In order to assess these new materials for potential risks to health and the environment, they need to be well-characterised. The measurement of constituent nanoparticle size, shape, and size distribution are important factors for the risk evaluation process. EMPIR project Improved traceability chain of nanoparticle size measurements (17NRM04, nPSize) is working to assess a range of traceable nanoparticle measurement approaches, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (also in Transmission Mode), Atomic Force Microscopy and Small Angle X-ray Scattering, and deliver improved calibration methods to users. For the techniques under investigation, physical models of their response to a range of nanoparticle types are developed. Validated reference materials will also be used for an inter-comparison of measurement systems, with an evaluation of the associated measurement uncertainty. With project contributions to standards development work, manufacturers will be better placed to assess the human and environmental risks posed by nanomaterials across a whole range of products. KW - Nanoparticles KW - Particle size distribution KW - Traceability KW - Electron microscopy KW - AFM KW - SAXS PY - 2021 UR - https://www.euramet.org/?L=0&news=40%3A1159 SP - 1 PB - EURAMET e.V. CY - Braunschweig AN - OPUS4-52129 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Delivering Impact - A new ISO standard on the identification of nanoparticles N2 - Nanoparticles (NPs) are tiny – around 1 to 100 billionths of a meter – and can have different chemistries and behaviours than the same material of larger size. This property has led to advances in a wide range of industries, but it can also confer toxicity. Size measurements are the main way NPs are identified but a lack of standardised methods for identifying ones with complex shapes has hindered evaluation of their potential harm. KW - Nanoparticles KW - Standardisation KW - Particle size distribution KW - nPSize KW - ISO 21363 PY - 2024 UR - https://www.euramet.org/casestudies/casestudiesdetails/news/default-c3b26209e8 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - EURAMET CY - Braunschweig AN - OPUS4-59626 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Fontanges, Richard T1 - A new deep-learning AI tool for analysing images of complex nanoparticles N2 - A thousand times thinner than a human hair, nanoparticles (NPs) are finding applications in a range of modern products. However, as some can affect human health or the environment, knowing the types present is essential. Electron microscopy is the ‘gold standard’ for NP analysis, allowing identification based on manual size analysis, but a new method was required to analyse these particles quickly, accurately and in a consistent way. KW - Nanoparticles KW - Imaging KW - AI tool KW - Particle size and shape distribution PY - 2024 UR - https://www.euramet.org/casestudies/casestudiesdetails/news/a-new-deep-learning-ai-tool-for-analysing-images-of-complex-nanoparticles SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - EURAMET CY - Braunschweig AN - OPUS4-60095 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - External Liaison Report ISO/TC 202 'Microbeam Analysis' to ISO/TC 229 'Nanotechnologies' N2 - The liaison report from the ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 202 'Microbeam Analysis' for the November 2022 ISO/TC 229 Nanotechnologies Plenary Meeting Nanotechnologies Liaison Coordination Group (NLCG) is provided. Essential Information such as newly published standards and projects in develeopment relevant for ISO/TC 229 resulted from the progress within the last year and additional comments on behalf of ISO/TC 202 are included in the report. KW - ISO/TC 202 KW - ISO/TC 229 KW - VAMAS KW - Nanotechnologies KW - Microbeam Analysis KW - Standardisation PY - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 4 CY - ISO, Geneva, CH AN - OPUS4-56734 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan ED - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Liaison Report from ISO/TC 202 'Microbeam Analysis' to ISO/TC 229 'Nanotechnologies' N2 - Liaison activities within ISO/TC 202 'Microbeam Analysis' which are relevant to ISO/TC 229 'Nanotechnologies' are reported acoording to the structure defined by ISO/TC229 Nanotechnologies Liaisons Coordination Group (NLCG): new standards/documents, coordination issues, and further detailed specific information, e.g. publications, events, comments. KW - ISO/TC 229 Nanotechnologies KW - ISO/TC 202 Microbeam Analysis KW - Standardisation PY - 2023 SP - 1 EP - 3 CY - ISO, Geneva, CH AN - OPUS4-58986 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -