TY - GEN A1 - Fritzsche, Sven A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard A1 - Weimann, Christiane A1 - Sturm, Heinz T1 - Test artifact for fs-LDW N2 - Data to generate the given graphs in the publication as well as raw images of the shown images. KW - stl code KW - Images KW - Graphs KW - Data PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7671945 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-58096 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sachse, René A1 - Pflüger, Mika A1 - Velasco Vélez, Juan Jesús A1 - Sahre, Mario A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Bernicke, Michael A1 - Bernsmeier, Denis A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Krumrey, Michael A1 - Strasser, Peter A1 - Kraehnert, Ralph A1 - Hertwig, Andreas T1 - Operando electrochemical spectroscopic ellipsometry: Material properties of highly active mesoporous IrO IrOxfilms revealed under realistic OER conditions N2 - In the face of rising energy demand and the impending climate change the development of a sustainable, fossil-free fuel and chemical production is of global importance. One possible goal is the development of electrochemical conversion processes using catalysts. Porous materials play an important role in such energy applications. The activity and stability of each catalyst is highly dependent on the properties of the coating, i.e., phase composition, crystallinity, accessible surface area, and many other factors. The key to the development of improved catalysts is a better understanding of the relations between their performance, stability and physico-chemical properties. However, the complex morphology of such catalysts constitutes a challenge even for modern analytical techniques. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is a versatile method for studying material properties by using appropriate models (e.g., film thickness, optical and electronic properties). Ellipsometric models need to be validated in order to produce accurate results. In a first step, the model for the ellipsometric fit studies of a calcination series of mesoporous iridium oxide films (300 – 600 °C) was investigated and validated with respect to their material properties.[4] The information on electronic structure of the catalysts shows a direct correlation with electrochemical activities. The development of an environmental electrochemical cell offers the possibility of investigations under operando conditions. Thus, changes in optical and electronic properties can be induced and monitored during the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction. T2 - 9th International Conference on Spectroscopic Ellipsometry CY - Beijing, China DA - 22.05.2022 KW - Mesoporous iridium oxide films KW - Non-destructive operando analysis KW - Oxygen evolution reaction KW - Spectroscopic ellipsometry PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54915 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Xps/Haxpes at (core shell) nanoparticles N2 - The principles of (Hard) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and some application in the field of (core-shell) nanoparticles will be presented. The presentation should answer hoe to get reliable results. Furthermore, examples of the correlation between physical-chemical measurments and toxicological results are given which are crucial for the risk assessment of nanoparticles. T2 - Training Course Metrological Determination of Micro and Nano Contaminants in Food CY - Berne, Switzerland DA - 05.09.2023 KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Core-shell nanoparticles KW - Reliabiilty KW - Risk assessment PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59496 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - How to measure the chemical composition of industrial graphene - New insights from an interlaboratory comparison N2 - International standards describing reliable protocols will facilitate the commercialization of graphene and related 2D materials. One physico-chemical key property next to flake size and thickness is the chemical composition of the material. Therefore, an ISO standard is under development with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy having a prominent role. With its information depth of around 10 nm which is the similar length scale as the thickness as of particles of 2D materials consisting of a few monolayer XPS seems to be highly suitable for this purpose. Different sample preparation methods like pressing the powders onto adhesive tapes, into recesses, or into solid pellets result in inconsistencies in the quantification. For the validation of the quantification with XPS an interlaboratory comparison was initiated under the auspice of the “Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards” (VAMAS). First results confirm that the sample preparation method (pellet vs. powder) influences the quantification results clearly. T2 - Characterization of Nanomaterials Colloquium CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.07.2023 KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Functionalized graphene KW - Interlaboratory comparison PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57897 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zarinwall, A. A1 - Waniek, Tassilo A1 - Saadat, R. A1 - Braun, U. A1 - Sturm, Heinz A1 - Garnweitner, G. T1 - Comprehensive Characterization of APTES Surface Modifications of Hydrous Boehmite Nanoparticles N2 - Hydrous boehmite (γ-AlOOH) nanoparticles (BNP) show great potential as nanoscale filler for the fabrication of fiber reinforced nanocomposite materials. Notably, the particle−matrix interaction has been demonstrated to be decisive for improving the matrix-dominant mechanical properties in the past years. Tailoring the surface properties of the nanofiller enables to selectively design the interaction and thus to exploit the benefits of the nanocomposite in an optimal way. Here, an extensive study is presented on the binding of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), a common silane surface modifier, on BNP in correlation to different process parameters (concentration, time, temperature, and pH). Furthermore, a comprehensive characterization of the modified BNP was performed by using elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS), and Kaiser’s test (KT). The results show an increasing monolayer formation up to a complete surface coverage with rising APTES concentration, time, and temperature, resulting in a maximal grafting density of 1.3 molecules/nm². Unspecific multilayer formation was solely observed under acidic conditions. Comparison of TGA-MS results with data recorded from EA, TGA, and KT verified that TGA-MS is a convenient and highly suitable method to elucidate the ligand binding in detail. KW - Boehmite KW - Nanoparticle KW - Surface KW - APTES KW - Functionalization KW - BET KW - TGA KW - Grafting KW - Nanocomposite KW - Silane PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02682 VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - ACS Publications AN - OPUS4-51954 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Chemello, Giovanni A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Reed, B.P. A1 - Pollard, A.J. A1 - Clifford, C.A. T1 - An interlaboratory comparison on measuring the chemical composition of functionalized graphene nanoplatelets N2 - The results of the international interlaboratory comparison ""Chemical Composition of functionalized graphene with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) under the auspice of VAMAS TWA 2 (Surface Chemical Analysis) will be presented. T2 - Kratos German User Meeting 2023 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.10.2023 KW - Graphene KW - Interlaboratory Comparison KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58683 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Juds, Carmen A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Weller, Michael G. A1 - Lange, Thorid A1 - Beck, Uwe A1 - Conrad, T. A1 - Boerner, H. G. T1 - Combining phage display and next-generation sequencing for materials sciences: A case study on probing polypropylene surfaces N2 - Phage display biopanning with Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS) is applied to reveal insights into peptide-based adhesion domains for polypropylene (PP). One biopanning round followed by NGS selects robust PP-binding peptides that are not evident by Sanger sequencing. NGS provides a significant statistical base that enables motif analysis, statistics on positional residue depletion/enrichment, and data analysis to suppress false-positive sequences from amplification bias. The selected sequences are employed as water-based primers for PP-metal adhesion to condition PP surfaces and increase adhesive strength by 100% relative to nonprimed PP. KW - Polymers KW - Polypropylene KW - Glue KW - Plastics KW - Surface Activation KW - Primer KW - Peptide Library KW - Epoxy KW - Solid-binding Peptides KW - Functionalization KW - Polymer-binding Peptides KW - Adhesion KW - Material-binding Peptides KW - Adhesives PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c03482 SN - 0002-7863 SN - 1520-5126 VL - 142 IS - 24 SP - 10624 EP - 10628 PB - ACS CY - Washington, DC, USA AN - OPUS4-51123 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR ED - Resch-Genger, Ute ED - Koch, Matthias ED - Meermann, Björn ED - Weller, Michael G. T1 - Topical collection: Analytical methods and applications in the materials and life sciences N2 - Current trends in materials and life sciences are flanked by the need to push detection limits to single molecules or single cells, enable the characterization of increasingly complex matrices or sophisticated nanostructures, speed up the time of analysis, reduce instrument complexity and costs, and improve the reliability of data. This requires suitable analytical tools such as spectroscopic, separation and imaging techniques, mass spectrometry, and hyphenated techniques as well as sensors and their adaptation to application-specific challenges in the environmental, food, consumer product, health sector, nanotechnology, and bioanalysis. Increasing concerns about health threatening known or emerging pollutants in drinking water, consumer products, and food and about the safety of nanomaterials led to a new awareness of the importance of analytical sciences. Another important driver in this direction is the increasing demand by legislation, particularly in view of the 17 sustainable development goals by the United Nations addressing clean energy, industry, and innovation, sustainable cities, clean water, and responsible consumption and production. In this respect, also the development of analytical methods that enable the characterization of material flows in production processes and support recycling concepts of precious raw materials becomes more and more relevant. In the future, this will provide the basis for greener production in the chemical industry utilizing recycled or sustainable starting materials. This makes analytical chemistry an essential player in terms of the circular economy helping to increase the sustainability of production processes. In the life sciences sector, products based on proteins, such as therapeutic and diagnostic antibodies, increase in importance. These increasingly biotechnologically produced functional biomolecules pose a high level of complexity of matrix and structural features that can be met only by highly advanced methods for separation, characterization, and detection. In addition, metrological traceability and target definition are still significant challenges for the future, particularly in the life sciences. However, innovative reference materials as required for the health and food sector and the characterization of advanced materials can only be developed when suitable analytical protocols are available. The so-called reproducibility crisis in sciences underlines the importance of improved measures of quality control for all kinds of measurements and material characterization. This calls for thorough method validation concepts, suitable reference materials, and regular interlaboratory comparisons of measurements as well as better training of scientists in analytical sciences. The important contribution of analytical sciences to these developments is highlighted by a broad collection of research papers, trend articles, and critical reviews from these different application fields. Special emphasis is dedicated to often-overlooked quality assurance and reference materials. T2 - 150 years BAM: Science with impact CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 01.01.2021 KW - 150th anniversary KW - ABC KW - Analysis KW - Analytical sciences KW - BAM KW - Collection KW - Environment KW - Fluorescence KW - Life sciences KW - Limit of detection KW - Material sciences KW - Method KW - Nanoparticle KW - Pollutant KW - Quality assurance KW - Reference material KW - Sensor KW - Special issue KW - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung KW - Jahrestag PY - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/journal/216/topicalCollection/AC_16a2ef9b81853377e321ef84d9c4a431 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 414 SP - 4267 EP - 4529 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-55670 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin A1 - Zutta Villate, Julian Mateo T1 - Radioactive gold nanoparticles for cancer treatment: Size and cluster dependent damage studied by Geant4 Monte-Carlo simulations N2 - Dose enhancement by gold nanoparticles (AuNP) was shown to increase the biological effectiveness of radiation damage in biomolecules and tissue. Most of the current studies focus on external beam therapy on combination with AuNP. Here we present a Monte-Carlo study (Geant4) to characterise radioactive AuNP. Radioactive ¹⁹⁸Au emits beta and gamma rays and is considered for applications with solid tumours. To effectively apply ¹⁹⁸AuNP their energy deposit characteristics have to be determined in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic properties e.g. AuNP diameter, AuNP density, and their clustering behaviour. After each decay process, the energy deposit, inelastic scattering events, kinetic energy spectrum of secondary particles within the AuNP themselves and in a spherical target volume of water up to 1 μm radius were determined. Simulations were performed for AuNP radii ranging from 2.5 nm to 20 nm radius, different cluster sizes and densities. The results show an increase of the energy deposit in the vicinity of the AuNP up to 150 nm. This effect nearly vanishes for distances up to one micron. For the case of AuNP clusters and the same activity, the enhancement of the energy deposit increases with the relative gold mass percentage and therefore can be adjusted by changing AuNP radius or clustering behaviour. KW - Gold Nanoparticles KW - AuNP KW - Radioactive decay KW - Beta decay KW - DNA KW - DNA damage KW - Radiation damage KW - MCS KW - Monte-Carlo simulation KW - Geant4 KW - Dosimetry KW - Microdosimetry KW - Cancer treatment KW - Radiationtherapy KW - Brachytherapy KW - OH radicals KW - LEE KW - low energy electrons KW - gamma ray KW - beta particle KW - radiolysis KW - clustered nanoparticles KW - NP KW - Simulation KW - particle scattering KW - Geant4-DNA KW - Energy deposit PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2019-90707-x SN - 1434-6060 SN - 1434-6079 VL - 73 IS - 5 SP - 95, 1 EP - 7 PB - Springer CY - Berlin Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-47952 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sturm, Heinz A1 - Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani, Media A1 - Silbernagl, Dorothee T1 - Grenzflächen als Material: Konzepte und Beispiele zu nanoverstärkten Duroplasten N2 - Nachdem Jahrzehnte die Grenzfläche zwischen Kohlefaser und Duroplastmatrix optimiert wurde liegt das Augenmerk heute auf der Polymermatrix selbst. Diese lässt sich hinsichtlich ihres Elastizitätsmoduls und ihrer Bruchfestigkeit verbessern, indem Nanopartikel aus Böhmit (AlOOH) eindispergiert werden. Der Vortrag geht auf integrale und hochauflösend-bildgebende Methoden ein die ein Verständnis der komplexen Zusammenhänge ermöglichen. Nach einer chemischen in-situ Analyse des Aushärtvorgangs, aus welchem sich die Bedeutung der externer Parameter ablesen lässt, werden diverse hochauflösende, neue Methoden der Rasterkraftmikroskopie (AFM) eingeführt. Der lokalen Bestimmung des E-Moduls der Nanopartikel folgen Ausführungen zum temperaturabhängigen Chemismus des Böhmits, der während der Aushärtung Wasser freisetzt. Die hochauflösende Bestimmung der Oberflächenpotentiale, der Steifigkeit, der attraktiven Kräfte zwischen Spitze und Probe sowie der Energiedissipation im Kontakt stellen auf der Nanoskala eine komplexe Datenquelle dar, die auf der Makroskala einer Ergänzung bedarf: Durch Kombination von dynamisch-mechanisch-thermischer Analyse einerseits und Kartierung physikalischer Eigenschaften auf der Nanoskala andererseits kann der Zusammenhang zwischen chemischer Steuerung der Netzwerkbildung und den mechanischen Eigenschaften des Nanokomposits geklärt werden. Überraschend ist, dass bei geeigneter Steuerung der lokale E-Modul der Polymermatrix den des Füllstoffs übersteigt. Die Rissfortschrittsenergie wird in Böhmit-modifiziertem Epoxy verbessert absorbiert, die These dazu ist, dass die (010)-Gleitebenen, die nur durch Wasserstoffbrücken zusammen gehalten werden, einigermaßen schadlos geschert werden können. Daraus folgt, dass das System auf der Nanoskala über einen, wenn auch begrenzten, Selbstheilmechanismus verfügt. Zudem wird durch die hohe Heterogenität der Steifigkeit und Energiedissipation des Nanokomposits eine Risstrajektorie vielfach umgelenkt und somit früher gestoppt. Ergebnisse dieses Vortrags stammen aus einer Zusammenarbeit innerhalb des DFG-Forscherverbundes FOR2021 „Wirkprinzipien nanoskaliger Matrixadditive für den Faserverbundleichtbau“. T2 - Niedersächsisches Symposium Materialtechnik - NSM 2019 CY - Clausthal, Germany DA - 14.02.1019 KW - Nanokomposit KW - Böhmit KW - Risstrajektorie KW - Oberflächenpotential KW - Energiedissipation im Kontakt KW - Oberflächensteifigkeit KW - attraktive Wechelwirkung KW - Epoxy-Anhydrid Duroplast KW - Leichtbau PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47636 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dudziak, Mateusz A1 - Silbernagl, Dorothee A1 - Sturm, Heinz T1 - Thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites based on polycarbonate (PC) and boehmite N2 - Nanocomposites are extremely versatile due to their physicochemical properties, which differ significantly from bulk homopolymers. One of the inorganic nanomaterials which are increasingly used as a filler in polymer matrices is boehmite, typically used as an inexpensive flame retardant. Here, it is used as a nanofiller in polycarbonate and polyamide, expecting to improve their mechanical properties. For industrial use boehmite is obtained by the solvothermal method, resulting in a layered nanomaterial, whereas naturally it occurs as single crystals with the size of <100µm. In this work we are obtaining and isolating boehmite crystals by a bottom-up method, in which a reaction between aluminum nitride and sodium hydroxide. Obtaining boehmite as microcrystals is necessary for its analysis and characterization, as well as to investigate its interaction with polymer matrices at the polymer/particle interface. Here, the obtained particles in polymer matrices are characterized with differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis. T2 - 6th International Conference on Multifunctional, Hybrid and Nanomaterials CY - Sitges, Spain DA - 11.03.2019 KW - Boehmite KW - Polycarbonate PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47769 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dudziak, Mateusz A1 - Silbernagl, Dorothee A1 - Sturm, Heinz T1 - Thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites based on polycarbonate (PC) and boehmite N2 - Nanocomposites are extremely versatile due to their physicochemical properties, which differ significantly from bulk homopolymers. One of the inorganic nanomaterials which are increasingly used as a filler in polymer matrices is boehmite, typically used as an inexpensive flame retardant. Here, it is used as a nanofiller in polycarbonate and polyamide, expecting to improve their mechanical properties. For industrial use boehmite is obtained by the solvothermal method, resulting in a layered nanomaterial, whereas naturally it occurs as single crystals with the size of <100µm. In this work we are obtaining and isolating boehmite crystals by a bottom-up method, in which a reaction between aluminum nitride and sodium hydroxide. Obtaining boehmite as microcrystals is necessary for its analysis and characterization, as well as to investigate its interaction with polymer matrices at the polymer/particle interface. Here, the obtained particles in polymer matrices are characterized with differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis. T2 - DPG-Frühjahrstagung 2019 CY - Regensburg, Germany DA - 31.03.2019 KW - Boehmite KW - Polycarbonate PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47768 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin T1 - Data processing and nonlinear curve Fitting with fityk N2 - A brief introduction into fityk is given. The introduction is followed by a pratical session. Fityk is a versatile data processing tool for nonlinear curve fitting. T2 - AFM Data analysis seminar CY - Online meeting DA - 23.02.2021 KW - Fityk KW - Curve fitting KW - Analysis KW - Raman KW - IR KW - XPS PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52154 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zutta Villate, J. M. A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin T1 - Radioactive gold nanoparticles for cancer treatment N2 - Dose enhancement by gold nanoparticles (AuNP) was shown to increase the biological effectiveness of radiation damage in biomolecules and tissue. Most of the current studies focus on external beam therapy on combination with AuNP. Here we present a Monte-Carlo study (Geant4) to characterise radioactive AuNP. Radioactive 198 Au emits beta and gamma rays and is considered for applications with solid tumours. To effectively apply 198 AuNP their energy deposit characteristics have to be determined in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic properties e.g. AuNP diameter, AuNP density, and their clustering behaviour. After each decay process, the energy deposit, inelastic scattering events, kinetic energy spectrum of secondary particles within the AuNP themselves and in a spherical target volume of water up to 1 μm radius were determined. Simulations were performed for AuNP radii ranging from 2.5 nm to 20 nm radius, different cluster sizes and densities. The results show an increase of the energy deposit in the vicinity of the AuNP up to 150 nm. This effect nearly vanishes for distances up to one micron. For the case of AuNP clusters and the same activity, the enhancement of the energy deposit increases with the relative gold mass percentage and therefore can be adjusted by changing AuNP radius or clustering behaviour. KW - Gold KW - Nanoparticle KW - Cancer KW - Monte-Carlo KW - Simulation KW - Cluster PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2019-90707-x SN - 1434-6060 SN - 1434-6079 VL - 73 IS - 95 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-47964 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin T1 - Temperature in micromagnetism: Cell size and scaling effects of the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz equation N2 - The movement of the macroscopic magnetic moment in ferromagnetic systems can be described by the Landau-Lifshitz (LL) or Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. These equations are strictly valid only at absolute zero temperature. To include temperature effects a stochastic version of the LL or LLG equation for a spin density of one per unit cell can be used instead. To apply the stochastic LL to micromagnetic simulations, where the spin density per unit cell is generally higher, a conversion regarding simulation cell size and temperature has to be established. Based on energetic considerations, a conversion for ferromagnetic bulk and thin film systems is proposed. The conversion is tested in micromagnetic simulations which are performed with the Object Oriented Micromagnetic Framework (OOMMF). The Curie temperatures of bulk Nickel, Cobalt and Iron systems as well as Nickel thin-film systems with thicknesses between 6.3 mono layer (ML) and 31ML are determined from micromagnetic simulations. The results show a good agreement with experimentally determined Curie temperatures of bulk and thin film systems when temperature scaling is performed according to the presented model. T2 - EUROMAT 2019 CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 01.09.2019 KW - Magnetic nanoparticles KW - Stochastic Landau Lifshitz Gilbert equation KW - Magnetic moment KW - Landau Lifshitz equation KW - Exchange interaction KW - OOMMF KW - Object oriented micromagnetic framework KW - Temeprature scaling KW - LLG KW - Ferromagnetism KW - Micromagnetism PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48762 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin A1 - Zutta Villate, J. M. T1 - Radioactive gold nanoparticles for cancer treatment: Size and cluster dependent damage studied by Geant4 Monte-Carlo simulations N2 - Dose enhancement by gold nanoparticles (AuNP) was shown to increase the biological effectiveness of radiation damage in biomolecules and tissue. Most of the current studies focus on external beam therapy on combination with AuNP. Here we present a Monte-Carlo study (Geant4) to characterise radioactive AuNP. Radioactive ¹⁹⁸Au emits beta and gamma rays and is considered for applications with solid tumours. To effectively apply ¹⁹⁸AuNP their energy deposit characteristics have to be determined in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic properties e.g. AuNP diameter, AuNP density, and their clustering behaviour. After each decay process, the energy deposit, inelastic scattering events, kinetic energy spectrum of secondary particles within the AuNP themselves and in a spherical target volume of water up to 1 μm radius were determined. Simulations were performed for AuNP radii ranging from 2.5 nm to 20 nm radius, different cluster sizes and densities. The results show an increase of the energy deposit in the vicinity of the AuNP up to 150 nm. This effect nearly vanishes for distances up to one micron. For the case of AuNP clusters and the same activity, the enhancement of the energy deposit increases with the relative gold mass percentage and therefore can be adjusted by changing AuNP radius or clustering behaviour. T2 - EUROMAT 2019 CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 01.09.2019 KW - DNA KW - Dosimetry KW - Microdosimetry KW - Geant4 KW - MCS KW - Nanoparticle KW - AuNP KW - Gold Nanoparticle KW - low energy electrons KW - LEE KW - OH radicals KW - particle scattering KW - Radiationtherapy KW - Radioactive decay KW - Monte-Carlo simulation KW - Energy deposit KW - DNA damage PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48763 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Waniek, Tassilo A1 - Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani, Media A1 - Braun, Ulrike A1 - Silbernagl, Dorothee A1 - Sturm, Heinz T1 - Water as side effect of reinforcing boehmite filler Local changes in anhydride cured epoxy resin N2 - Nanocomposites offer wide opportunities for lightweight constructions and enable reduction of weight and volume. Beside macroscopic toughening nanoparticle reinforced polymers show a soft interface around boehmite (AlOOH) filler nanoparticles. A related strong interaction between boehmite and the anhydride cured resin system is widely suspected in literature but not determined by structural Analysis. Determination of the molecular structure is important to allow simulations approaching the real system and predict future reinforcing effects. DRIFT (diffuse refletance infrared fourier transformed) spectra of the boehmite reinforced anhydride cured epoxy show significant changes in the molecular structure compared to the neat polymer. Further investigations of the interactions between the single components of the resin system and the boehmite filler pointed out reactions between released water released from the boehmite filler and the anhydride hardener or amine accelerator. This leads to the discussion of competing polymerisation mechanisms that highly influence the polymer properties. Ongoing experiments and literature research approve that this impact of water is able to locally change the stoichiometrie, alter the curing mechanism or support an inhomogeneous crosslink density. T2 - Polydays 2019 CY - Erwin-Schrödinger-Zentrum, Berlin Adlershof, Germany DA - 11.09.2019 KW - Nanocomposites KW - Epoxy KW - FTIR spectroscopy KW - Boehmite alumina PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49010 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard A1 - Topolniak, Ievgeniia A1 - Schenderlein, Matthias A1 - Sturm, Heinz T1 - Nano polymer (composite) printing N2 - This talk introduces the PolyPoly, a new device at BAM which enables the three-dimensional structuring of polymer nanocomposites with an extremely high resolution of 150x150x600 nm. Initial examples and findings will be shown. T2 - BAM-IFW Workshop CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 28.03.2019 KW - Multiphoton laser structuring KW - Polymer nanocomposites KW - 3d structuring KW - Additive manufacturing PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48041 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Szymoniak, Paulina A1 - Qu, Xintong A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Sturm, Heinz ED - Sinapius, M. ED - Ziegmann, G. T1 - Characterization of Polymer Nanocomposites N2 - The complex effect of nanoparticles on an epoxy-based and anhydride cured DGEBA/Boehmite nanocomposite with different particle concentrations is considered in this chapter. A combination of X-ray scattering, calorimetry (fast scanning and temperature modulated calorimetry) and dielectric spectroscopy was employed to characterize the structure, vitrification kinetics and the molecular dynamics of the nanocomposites. Firstly, the unfilled polymer was found to be intrinsically heterogeneous, showing regions with different crosslinking density, indicated by two separate dynamic glass transitions. Moreover, the glass transition temperature decreases with increasing nanoparticle concentration, as a result of changes in the crosslinking density. In addition, it was shown that the incorporation of nanoparticles can result in simultaneous increase in the number of mobile segments for low nanoparticle concentrations and on the other hand, for higher loading degrees the number of mobile segments decreases, due to the formation of an immobilized interphase. KW - Rigid amorphous fraction KW - Epoxy nanocomposites KW - X-ray scattering KW - Differential scanning calorimetry KW - Broadband dielectric spectroscopy KW - Flash DSC PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68523-2_4 SP - 55 EP - 77 PB - Springer Nature AN - OPUS4-52698 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sachse, René A1 - Pflüger, Mika A1 - Velasco-Vélez, Juan-Jesús A1 - Sahre, Mario A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Bernicke, Michael A1 - Bernsmeier, Denis A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Krumrey, Michael A1 - Strasser, Peter A1 - Hertwig, Andreas A1 - Kraehnert, Ralph T1 - Operando electrochemical spectroscopic ellipsometry: Material properties of highly active mesoporous IrO IrOxfilms revealed under realistic OER conditions N2 - Rising energy demand and the impending climate change require the development of a sustainable, fossil-free fuel and chemical production on a global scale. Hydrogen production via water electrolysis will be a fundamental cornerstone in this endeavor. The activity and stability of respective electrode coatings strongly depends on the coating's properties, i.e. phase composition, crystallinity, electrical conductivity, accessible surface, wettability and many other factors. The key to the development of improved catalysts is a better understanding of the relations between their performance, stability and physicochemical properties. However, those relations can be complex, and are strongly influenced also by the reaction environment. Hence, operando analysis of the catalyst material during catalysis at realistic potentials and current densities is highly desirable. Yet, many analytical techniques cannot be applied in liquid environments at realistic potentials and current densities. We propose environmental ellipsometric analysis in a dedicated electrochemical flow cell as a new method to evaluate gas evolution reactions operando under realistic working conditions. Figure 1 illustrates schematically the developed technique. Key factors to success are highly active model-type catalysts with template-controlled porosity, a suitable sample environment, a deep understanding of the spectroscopic method and respective model development, as well as concise cross validation with numerous other analytical techniques. The method was developed and validated by analyzing a calcination series (300 - 600°C) of mesoporous templated IrOx films ex-situ and operando under oxygen evolution reaction (OER) conditions. The employed environmental electrochemical spectroscopic ellipsometric analysis (ECSE) revealed during OER the change of optical and electronic properties, i.e. the dielectric functions (real ε1 and imaginary part ε2), electrical and electronic properties such as resistivity (ρ) and band-to-band transitions (p-d band transitions). Film thickness and porosity were validated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray reflectometry (XRR) or ellipsometric porosimetry (EP), electrical and electronic properties by means of conductivity measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) or UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy. The electronic structures of the catalysts from valence electron energy loss spectra (VEELS) derived from the real (ε1) and imaginary part (ε2) of the dielectric function from SE measurements reveal a direct correlation with electrochemical activities in OER. In the presentation reversible and irreversible potential-dependent changes of the catalyst properties during operation will be discussed along with the dynamics of gas formation, transport and dissolution T2 - E MRS 2021 SPRING MEETING CY - Online meeting DA - 31.05.2021 KW - Spectroscopic ellipsometry KW - Ectrocatalysis KW - Oxygen evolution reaction KW - Mesoporous iridium oxide films KW - Non-destructive operando analysis PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52929 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Weigert, Florian A1 - Häusler, I. A1 - Geißler, Daniel A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute T1 - Correlating HR-TEM and XPS to elucidate the core-shell structure of ultrabright CdSE/CdS semiconductor quantum dots N2 - Controlling the thickness and tightness of surface passivation shells is crucial for many applications of core-shell nanoparticles (NP). Usually, to determine shell thickness, core and core/shell particle are measured individually requiring the availability of both nanoobjects. This is often not fulfilled for functional nanomaterials such as many photoluminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QD) used for bioimaging, solid state lighting, and display technologies as the core does not show the application-relevant functionality like a high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield. This calls for a whole nanoobject approach. Moreover, the thickness of the organic coating remains often unclear. By combining high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), a novel whole nanoobject approach is developed representatively for an ultrabright oleic acid-stabilized, thick shell CdSe/CdS QD with a PL quantum yield close to unity. The size of this spectroscopically assessed QD, is in the range of the information depth of usual laboratory XPS. Information on particle size and monodispersity were validated with dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and compared to data derived from optical measurements. The results of the different methods match very well within the different measurement uncertainties. Additionally, results obtained with energy-resolved XPS using excitation energies between 200 eV and 800 eV are discussed with respect to a potential core/shell intermixing. Moreover, the future application potential of this approach correlating different sizing and structural methods is discussed considering the method-inherent uncertainties and other core/multi-shell nanostructures. T2 - E-MRS Fall Meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 20.09.2021 KW - Core-shell nanoparticles KW - Quantum dots KW - High-resolution transmission electron microscopy KW - X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53365 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Elucidating core shell nanostructures with surface analytics N2 - XPS is a versatile tool for elucidating core shell structures. XPS can obtain information for organic compounds (polymer particle, organic coating ) which are hardly or not detectable with other Methods. XPS is an important tool for the risk assessement of nanoparticles T2 - Kratos German User Meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 26.05.2021 KW - Core-shell nanoparticles KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Complementary methods PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52717 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - BAM reference data - XPS raw data of Al-coated titania nanoparticles (JRCNM62001a and JRCNM62002a) N2 - XPS raw data of Al-coated titania nanoparticles (JRCNM62001 and JRCNM62002a) provided by the JRC repository are provided. KW - XPS KW - Titania nanoparticles KW - BAM reference data PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4986068 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-52880 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zutta Villate, J. M. A1 - Viviana Rojas, J. A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin A1 - Anselmo Puerta, J. T1 - Synthesis of 198Au nanoparticles sub 10 nm due optimization on local dose by Monte Carlo simulations for cancer treatment N2 - To enhance the biological effects of radiation damage in cancerous cells, we present an alternative approach to the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNP), focusing on the synthesis and characterization of highly monodisperse, spherical radioactive gold nanoparticles 198AuNP. The size of the AuNP size was optimized with the help of Geant4/TOPAS particle scattering simulations, and energy deposition per nm3 per decay for varying radii (2–10 nm) was evaluated. This work is the foundation for ongoing experimental work to evaluate cell death induced by 198AuNP which aims for the use of radioactive gold nanoparticles in cancer treatment. KW - AuNP KW - Beta decay KW - Beta particle KW - Brachytherapy KW - Cancer treatment KW - Nanoparticles KW - Nanoparticle KW - DNA KW - DNA damage KW - Dosimetry KW - Energy deposit KW - Gamma ray KW - Geant4 KW - Geant4-DNA KW - Gold Nanoparticles KW - LEE KW - Low energy electrons KW - MCS KW - Microdosimetry KW - Monte-Carlo simulation KW - NP KW - Synthesis KW - TEM KW - OH radicals KW - Particle scattering KW - Radiation damage KW - Radiationtherapy KW - Radioactive decay KW - Radiolysis KW - Simulation KW - TOPAS KW - TOPAS-nbio PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-022-08355-5 SN - 1588-2780 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer Nature AN - OPUS4-55132 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Ciornii, Dmitri A1 - Kersting, R. A1 - Hagenhoff, B. A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Reliable, and reproducible physico-chemical data of nanomaterials for risk assessment N2 - Nanoforms with at least one dimension below 100 nm have an important part to play in more and more areas of our daily life. Therefore, risk assessment of these materials is becoming increasingly important. In this context, the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) considered eleven physico-chemical properties as relevant, of which the following six are essential for the registration: chemical composition, crystallinity, particle size, particle shape, surface chemistry and specific surface area. Four of these priority properties can be obtained with electron microscopy and surface analytics like XPS and ToF-SIMS. The reliability of this data must be ensured, especially for their use for grouping and read across approaches. On the other hand, the “reproducibility” crisis has revealed major shortcomings in the reliability of published data. In a case study, we show how the quality of the data can be ensured by using existing standards and protocols of each step in the workflow of sample characterization. As exemplary samples, two Al-coated TiO2 samples as nanopowders were selected from the JRC repository, capped either with a hydrophilic or a hydrophobic organic ultrathin shell. SEM results provided the size and shape of the nanoparticles, a first overview about the composition was obtained with EDS. XPS and ToF-SIMS supplied the surface chemistry, especially information about the shell and the coating of the particles. Standards and protocols of all steps of the analytical workflow including preparation and data reduction are discussed regarding reliable and reproducible data. Additionally, uncertainties for the different steps are specified. Only such a detailed description of all these factors allows a comprehensive physico-chemical characterization of the nanoparticles with understanding of their potential risk assessment. T2 - ECASIA 2022 CY - Limerick, Ireland DA - 29.05.2022 KW - Reference data KW - Risk assessment KW - Nanomaterials KW - Titania PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54961 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Guo, Z. A1 - Valsami-Jones, E. A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Influence of Sterilization on the Surface of Nanoparticles Studied with XPS / HAXPES in Comparison to SEM / EDS N2 - Nanosafety is becoming increasingly important as nanomaterials are widely used in industrial processes and consumer products. For nanotoxicity measurements prior sterilization of the samples is necessary, but as structure activity relationships are made with properties of pristine particles, the question arises, if the sterilization process has an impact on the physico-chemical properties of nanoparticles and thus on the biological behavior. This question will be addressed in this talk. For this purpose, results from SEM and EDS measurements are combined with those of a novel lab-based HAXPES spectrometer in order to obtain a more complete picture. At the end, an influence of sterilization will be evident, which indicates a restructuring of the nanoparticles owing to sterilization. T2 - Microscopy & Microanalysis 2022 CY - Portland, USA DA - 31.07.2022 KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - EDS KW - Nanoparticles PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622004287 VL - 28 SP - 986 EP - 988 PB - Cambridge University Press AN - OPUS4-55352 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Pellegrino, F. A1 - Maurino, V. T1 - Morpho-Chemical Characterisation of Me-TiO2 Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photocatalytical Activity N2 - The conversion of solar energy into electricity and solar fuels is of crucial importance for a green and sustainable future. Water splitting using semiconductor photo-catalysts is considered a sustainable method to produce clean hydrogen (H2) fuel. Nevertheless, H2 photo-production efficiency remains still low, although extensive research works to understand better the mechanisms of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) are being carried out. In this respect, TiO2 is a key photoactive material, usually employed with a co-catalyst deposited onto the surface to enhance charge carriers’ separation and catalyze surface charge transfer reactions. The deposition of a co-catalyst on the TiO2 nanoparticle surface represents one successful way to enhance the activity of the photocatalyst through a modification of its surface and redox properties. In this context, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy coupled with elemental analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) is fundamental for studying and understanding the effect of the nanoparticle morphology on the functional properties of shape-controlled TiO2 crystals (bipyramides, platelets, and elongated particles). Different types of metal-semiconductor combinations, TiO2 shapes and dopant metals (Ag, Pt, etc) and metal concentrations will be discussed. T2 - ECASIA 2022 CY - Limerick, Ireland DA - 29.05.2022 KW - Titania nanoparticles KW - Photocatalysis KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54977 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - ISO-G-Scope Standardisation of structural and chemical properties of graphene N2 - The objectives and tasks of the EMPIR project ISO-G-Scope are presented. The last results was shown. Esspecially, the interlaboratory comparison about XPS of functionalized graphene is presented. T2 - DIN NA062-08-16 Oberflächenanalytik Frühjahrstreffen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 11.05.2022 KW - Graphene KW - Standardization KW - Structural characterisation KW - Chemical composition PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54834 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - NanoSolveIT KW - Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7966133 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57673 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.25Zr0.75O2 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.25Zr0.75O2 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - NanoSolveIT KW - Ce0.25Zr0.75O2 nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7966165 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57674 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.1Zr0.9O2 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.1Zr0.9O2 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - NanoSolveIT KW - Ce0.1Zr0.9O2 nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965602 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57672 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - NanoSolveIT KW - Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965445 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57670 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized ZrO2 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized ZrO2 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - NanoSolveIT KW - ZrO2 nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965536 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57671 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized TiO2 D540 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized TiO2 D540 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - NanoSolveIT KW - TiO2 D540 nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7961317 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57669 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of CeO2/Co3O4 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of CeO2/Co3O4 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - HAXPES KW - XPS KW - SEM KW - Nanoparticles KW - CeO2/Co3O4 PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989698 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57760 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - HAXPES KW - XPS KW - SEM KW - Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 KW - Nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7986672 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57758 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized AlOOH nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized AlOOH nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - HAXPES KW - XPS KW - SEM KW - AlOOH KW - Nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7966245 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57757 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Habibimarkani, Heydar A1 - John, Elisabeth A1 - Schusterbauer, Robert A1 - Abram, Sarah-Luise A1 - Prinz, Carsten A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Investigating the Synergistic Effects of FeNi-Oxide Nanoparticles as Water Electrolysis Catalysts: A Multi-Technique Characterization Approach N2 - Electrocatalysis is and will continue to play a central role in the development of a new and modern sustainable economy, especially for chemicals and fuels. The storage of excess electrical energy into chemical energy by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen is a feasible solution in this economic sector. A major drawback of electrical energy lies in the storage. Therefore, hydrogen is discussed as promising alternative. Fortunately, this issue can be effectively addressed through the implementation of chemical storage mechanisms. Due to their abundance on Earth and inherent stability in alkaline solutions, transition-metal oxides have become one of several viable alternatives to conventional noble-metal catalysts. Since FeNi oxide is one of the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for alkaline water electrolysis, it has been the subject of extensive research. A series of different types of FeNi oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with atomic ratios covering a broad range, and various sizes with specific stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric iron and nickel ratios was synthesized and characterized by the combination of surface analysis techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed the coexistence of mixed and unmixed iron and nickel NPs with comparable sizes in the range of 30–40 nm across all ratios. The synthesis technique displayed control over the iron-nickel ratio, as evidenced by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) data. The presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) was detected in all samples investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the existence of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) was shown in the Fe2Ni by XRD analysis. For the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, the NPs were deposited onto glassy carbon electrodes using Nafion® as an ionomer, and 1 M KOH was employed as the electrolyte. Subsequently, the NPs/Nafion® electrode was transferred into the ToF-SIMS chamber to allow surface analysis and depth profiling. The ToF-SIMS analysis revealed distinct peaks corresponding to Fe, Ni, and other peaks associated with Nafion®, whereas a straightforward correlation between the Ni.Fe ratio and the SIMS peak pattern is not possible. The catalytic activity towards OER was evaluated through CV measurements, where the Fe2Ni3 ratio exhibited the most favorable performance, displaying a lower overpotential. T2 - European Materials Research Society (E-MRS) Fall 2023 CY - Warsaw, Poland DA - 18.09.2023 KW - FeNi-Oxide NPs KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Catalysts KW - OER PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59139 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Habibimarkani, Heydar A1 - John, Elisabeth A1 - Schusterbauer, Robert A1 - Abram, Sarah-Luise A1 - Prinz, Carsten A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Complementary Characterization of FeNi-Oxide Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Water Electrolysis combining Electron Microscopy, EDS, XRD, ToF-SIMS and Electrochemical Analysis N2 - Electrocatalysis is and will continue to play a central role in the development of a new and modern sustainable economy, especially for chemicals and fuels. The storage of excess electrical energy into chemical energy by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen is a feasible solution in this economic sector. A major drawback of electrical energy lies in the storage. Therefore, hydrogen is discussed as promising alternative. Fortunately, this issue can be effectively addressed through the implementation of chemical storage mechanisms. Due to their abundance on Earth and inherent stability in alkaline solutions, transition-metal oxides have become one of several viable alternatives to conventional noble-metal catalysts. Since FeNi oxide is one of the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for alkaline water electrolysis, it has been the subject of extensive research. A series of different types of FeNi oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with atomic ratios covering a broad range, and various sizes with specific stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric iron and nickel ratios was synthesized and characterized by the combination of surface analysis techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed the coexistence of mixed and unmixed iron and nickel NPs with comparable sizes in the range of 30–40 nm across all ratios. The synthesis technique displayed control over the iron-nickel ratio, as evidenced by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) data. The presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) was detected in all samples investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the existence of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) was shown in the Fe2Ni by XRD analysis. For the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, the NPs were deposited onto glassy carbon electrodes using Nafion® as an ionomer, and 1 M KOH was employed as the electrolyte. Subsequently, the NPs/Nafion® electrode was transferred into the ToF-SIMS chamber to allow surface analysis and depth profiling. The ToF-SIMS analysis revealed distinct peaks corresponding to Fe, Ni, and other peaks associated with Nafion®, whereas a straightforward correlation between the Ni.Fe ratio and the SIMS peak pattern is not possible. The catalytic activity towards OER was evaluated through CV measurements, where the Fe2Ni3 ratio exhibited the most favorable performance, displaying a lower overpotential. T2 - SIMS Europe 2023 CY - Nottingham, England DA - 02.09.2023 KW - FeNi-Oxide NPs KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Catalysts KW - OER PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59143 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Topolniak, Ievgeniia A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Sturm, Heinz T1 - Maskless Micropatterning of Polydopamine for versatile surface functionalization N2 - Inspired by the chemistry of mussel adhesive proteins, polydopamine (PDA has been shown as one of the most versatile platforms for altering the properties and incorporating new functionalities to nearby any material surface despite its nature. Rich chemistry of PDA enables broad variety of surface modification and diverse secondary reactions that makes it extremely interesting for a wide range of application including biomedical field, e.g., drug delivery, adhesives, cell adhesion, biosensing. Despite high potential of polydopamine, the lack of deposition control and precision in existed methods limits their applications in microdevices and miniaturized functional systems like, for example, MEMS, microfluidic and sensorics. Herein, we demonstrate a novel maskless approach for surface micropatterning with polydopamine based on Multiphoton Lithography that overcomes present limitations. Neither strong oxidants, metal ions nor adjustment of pH to alkaline is required by this technique. The spatial resolution down to 0.8 µm has been achieved which is at least an order of magnitude smaller than shown by other existed methods. We are able to control the morphology and thickness of the micropattern by altering fabrication parameters allowing structure gradient. Apart from the glass substrate, we achieved PDA patterning at surfaces of different nature such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, silicon wafers, and fluorinated glass coverslips. Post-modification of polydopamine micropatterns with protein enzyme like trypsin is demonstrated to highlight its sensing potential. Presented in this work microfabrication technique empowers advanced applications of mussel-inspired materials in single-molecule bioassays, sensors and other complex microdevices. T2 - International Conference on Precision Engineering and Sustainable Manufacturing CY - Okinawa, Japan DA - 18.07.2023 KW - Multiphoton lithography KW - Polydopamine KW - Micropatterning PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58878 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterilized TiO2 PVP nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterilized TiO2 PVP nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - HAXPES KW - XPS KW - SEM KW - Nanoparticles KW - TiO2 PVP PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7966354 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57761 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterile ZnO nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of ZnO nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - HAXPES KW - XPS KW - SEM KW - Nanoparticles KW - ZnO PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7990213 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57762 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterile citrated stabilized Au nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of Au nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - HAXPES KW - XPS KW - SEM KW - Au Nanoparticles KW - NanoSolveIT PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7990250 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57763 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Xenia A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Physico-chemical characterization of sterile Fe3O4 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM N2 - Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterile Fe3O4 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”. KW - HAXPES KW - XPS KW - SEM KW - Fe3O4 KW - Nanoparticles PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7990301 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-57764 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arinchtein, A. A1 - Schnack, R. A1 - Kraffert, K. A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Dietrich, P. A1 - Sachse, René A1 - Krähnert, R. T1 - Role of Water in Phase Transformations and Crystallization of Ferrihydrite and Hematite N2 - The oxides, hydroxides, and oxo-hydroxides of iron belong to the most abundant materials on earth. They also feature a wide range of practical applications. In many environments, they can undergo facile phase transformations and crystallization processes. Water appears to play a critical role in many of these processes. Despite numerous attempts, the role of water has not been fully revealed yet. We present a new approach to study the influence of water in the crystallization and phase transformations of iron oxides. The approach employs model-type iron oxide films that comprise a defined homogeneous nanostructure. The films are exposed to air containing different amounts of water reaching up to pressures of 10 bar. Ex situ analysis via scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray diffraction is combined with operando near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to follow water-induced changes in hematite nd ferrihydrite. Water proves to be critical for the nucleation of ematite domains in ferrihydrite, the resulting crystallite orientation, and the underlying crystallization mechanism. KW - Iron oxide KW - Ferrihydrite KW - Hematite KW - Water KW - NAP-XPS KW - High pressure PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c05253 VL - 12 SP - 38714 EP - 38722 PB - ACS Publication AN - OPUS4-51201 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Kersting, R. A1 - Hagenhoff, B. A1 - Bennet, Francesca A1 - Ciornii, Dmitri A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - MinimUm Information Requirements for Electron Microscopy and Surface analysis Data For Risk Assessment of Nanoforms N2 - The European legislation has responded to the wide use of nanomaterials in our daily life and defined the term “nanoform” in the Annexes to the REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization of Chemicals) Regulation. Now specific information of the nanomaterials is required from the companies when registering the appropriate materials in a dossier. In the context of REACH eleven physicochemical properties were considered as relevant, of which the following six are essential for registration of nanoforms (priority properties): chemical composition, crystallinity, particle size, particle shape, chemical nature of the surface (“surface chemistry”), and specific surface area (SSA). A key role is the reliable, reproduceable and traceable character of the data of these priority properties. In this context, we want to discuss which ‘analytical’ information is exactly required to fulfill these conditions. Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) were chosen as the most popular surface analytical methods. Both methods allow a detailed understanding of the surface chemistry with an information depth below ten nanometers. As a rather bulk method for the analysis of nanoforms, Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) in the version with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) is considered for the quick identification of the main chemical elements present in the sample. Furthermore, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results are discussed which provide results on particle size and shape. Thus, four of the six priority properties can be obtained with these methods. T2 - Nanosafe 2020 CY - Online meeting DA - 17.11.2020 KW - Risk assessment KW - Nanomaterials KW - Standardization KW - Regulation PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51612 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Analytical & Characterisation Excellence in nanomaterial risk assessment: A tiered approach N2 - The work packages of the EU H2020 project ACEnano are presented and their activities in standardization and guidance for regulators and SMEs. T2 - ISO/TC 229 Strategy meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 10.11.2020 KW - Nanomaterials KW - Standardization KW - Risk assessment PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51611 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chemello, Giovanni A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Analysis of Industrial Graphene-Based Flakes – First Results on Morphological Characterization, Sample Preparation and Chemical Composition N2 - In order to bridge the gap between lab-scale and industrial-scale production of graphene it is necessary to develop processes, equipment and measurement procedures to control the material features. One of the crucial reasons of graphene’s limited commercialization is the lack of standard procedures to properly characterize and define the material chemical and structural properties down to the nanometer level. This leads to many issues regarding material synthesis repeatability, inappropriateness choice of measurands and measurement reproducibility which heavily affect the consistency of the material performance. In our study, a comparative analysis is performed on two different series (G5 and G6) of industrial graphene powders, each series produced with four types of functionalization: raw graphene, oxygen-functionalized, nitrogen-functionalized and fluorine-functionalized. All the 8 sample variants were analyzed from a chemical and morphological point of view in the form of powders prepared as slightly pressed in metallic sample holders. The results of the comparative chemical analyses XPS and EDS show a good agreement in the concentration values for all the elements present in the samples, despite the different analysis volumes addressed by the two techniques. For this reason, the samples can be considered homogeneous in both lateral and vertical direction. A clear influence of the morphology on the composition is evident. Therefore, such correlative measurements of morphology and composition are necessary for a comprehensive characterization of industrial graphene flakes. KW - Graphene powder KW - XPS KW - HAXPES KW - SEM KW - EDS KW - Functionalized graphene PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622004342 SN - 1435-8115 VL - 28 IS - Suppl 1 SP - 1006 EP - 1008 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-55512 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - ToF-SIMS at advanced materials - from nano to energy N2 - The basic principles of ToF-SIMS will be explained. Examples of the use of ToF-SIMS for the investigation of titania and core-shell nanoplastic will be given. Furhtermore, 3d reconstruction is explained for nanoparticle research and energy-related materials. T2 - BUA Summer School Mass Spectrometry CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.10.2022 KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Nanomaterials KW - Imaging PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55897 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hertwig, Andreas A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Normung in der Oberflächen-und Schichttechnik N2 - Report über Normungsaktivitäten im Bereich der Messtechnk an Oberflächen und dünnen Schichten. Übersicht über Methoden und Vorstellung von laufenden Projekten mit Bezug zur Normung T2 - PlasmaGermany Herbstmeeting 2022 CY - Bielefeld, Germany DA - 07.11.2022 KW - Oberflächenmesstechnik KW - Spektroskopie KW - Ellipsometrie KW - XPS KW - Dünne Schichten PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56483 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -