TY - RPRT A1 - Antoni, S. A1 - Clemens, J. A1 - Kunath, K. A1 - Rabe, J. A1 - Simon, K. A1 - Uhlig, S. A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Evaluation of the 3rd round robin on solid oxidizer test (UN O.1) with calcium peroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium perborate monohydrate N2 - The classification of solid oxidizers according to the regulations on the transport of dangerous goods (based on the UN Recommendations/Model Regulations and accepted by all international organisations for the transport of dangerous goods as ADR, IMO, IATA) and in future also according to the GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals) is performed on the basis of the results of the UN test O.1 (UN test O.1 ―Test for oxidizing solids‖ described in chapter 34.4.1 in the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods – Manual of Tests and Criteria, see [1]). This test was introduced into the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria in 1995 as a replacement for a similar test from 1986. Even if the UN O.1 test as described in the current 5th revised edition of UN Manual of Tests and Criteria gives some improvements compared to the old test, which had had many deficiencies, there are still some problems left with this test in terms of e.g. repeatability or reproducibility of test results, how to handle compacted or multilayer formulations like tablets, toxicity and partly significantly varying particle size distribution within defined fractions of 150 μm to 300 μm of the reference oxidizer potassium bromate (KBrO3). For this reason the IGUS EOS working group installed an ad-hoc working group in 2002 assigned with the task to propose solutions for the existing problems. The appropriateness of such proposed solutions has to be proved by the method of interlaboratory (round robin) tests before they are presented for the adoption to the UN Committee of Experts on the TDG and on the GHS with a proposal of a completely revised test procedure. KW - Round robin KW - Solid oxidizer test KW - United Nations KW - IGUS KW - EOS KW - Calcium peroxide KW - Sodium nitrate KW - Sodium perborate monohydrate PY - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-232246 SN - 978-3-9813853-7-3 IS - Final Report, 2009 - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 192 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-23224 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Antoni, S. A1 - Kunath, K. A1 - Lüth, Peter A1 - Simon, K. A1 - Uhlig, S. T1 - Evaluation of the interlaboratory test on the method UN O.2 / EC A.21 'Test for oxidizing liquids' 2009 - 2010 N2 - For the classification of chemicals, special standardized test procedures have been developed and are used world-wide. Safe handling and use of these chemicals depend on the correct classification which therefore must be based on the precise and correct execution of the tests and their evaluation. In this context interlaboratory tests (round robin tests, interlaboratory comparisons / intercomparisons) are a crucial element of a laboratory's quality system. Participation in interlaboratory tests is explicitly recommended by the standard ISO/IEC 17025. The present document reports on the results of the interlaboratory test 2009/2010 on the test methods UN O.2 “Test for oxidizing liquids” [1] / EC A.21 “Oxidizing Properties (Liquids)” [2] which was organized by the Center for Quality Assurance for Testing of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substances. The test methods UN O.2 and EC A.21 are applied to characterize the oxidizing properties of liquid chemical substances or mixtures. To differentiate between chemicals with hazardous / dangerous oxidizing properties and chemicals which are not classified as hazardous / dangerous, the substance’s oxidizing properties are compared to those of a standard reference substance. Since the methods (UN O.2 / EC A.21) were developed and came into force in the early nineties a systematic review concerning the practical application of the test method has not been carried out. KW - Oxidiser KW - Oxidierend KW - Gefahrgut KW - Dangerous goods KW - UN O.2 KW - Prüfmethode KW - Test method PY - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-250904 SN - 978-3-9814634-0-8 SP - 1 EP - 95 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin ET - Final report AN - OPUS4-25090 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kunath, K. A1 - Lüth, Peter A1 - Uhlig, S. T1 - Interlaboratory test on the method UN test N.5 / EC A.12 'Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases' 2007 N2 - For the classification of chemicals, special standardized test procedures have been developed and are used world-wide. Safe handling and use of these chemicals depend on the correct classification which therefore must be based on the precise and correct execution of the tests and their evaluation. In this context interlaboratory tests (round robin tests, interlaboratory comparisons / intercomparisons) are a crucial element of a laboratory's quality system. Participation in interlaboratory tests is explicitly recommended by the standard ISO/IEC 17025. The present document reports on the results of the interlaboratory test 2007 on the method UN Test N.5 “Test method for substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases” [1] / EC A.12 “Flammability (contact with water)” [2] which was organized by the Center for Quality Assurance for Testing of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substances. In dependence on the chemical structure and/or the physical form and state (e.g. particle size) substances or mixtures may be able to react with water (even water damp / air humidity) under normal ambient temperature conditions. Sometimes this reaction can be violent and/or with significant generation of heat. Especially if gases are evolved this reaction may become dangerous. In addition, it is important to know whether a substance emits flammable gases due to contact with water because special precautions are necessary especially with regard to explosion protection. The methods UN Test N.5 and EC A.12 are applied to characterize chemical substances or mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases. To differentiate between chemicals with these properties and chemicals which are not classified as hazardous / dangerous, the substance’s gas evolution rate is determined and compared to the classification criteria(s) in the last step of the test method. In the methods UN Test N.5 / EC A.12 no special laboratory apparatus / measuring technique to determine gas evolving flow is required. However, practical experience shows that the testing procedure for substances and mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases is sensitive to a number of influencing factors. Since the methods (UN N.5 / EC A.12) were developed and came into force in the early nineties a systematic review concerning the practical application of the test method has not been carried out. KW - Flammability KW - Entzündbar KW - Gefahrgut KW - Dangerous goods KW - UN N.5 KW - EC A.12 KW - Prüfmethode KW - Test method PY - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-250944 SN - 978-3-9814634-1-5 SP - 1 EP - 35 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-25094 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Ebell, Gino A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Gehlen, C. A1 - Keßler, S. T1 - Validierung zerstörungsfreier Messmethoden zur zuverlässigen Erfassung von Bewehrungskorrosion (Schlussbericht) N2 - Determining a pore structure’s mechanical and chemical data on lime rendering exposed outdoors and including masonry in the laboratory, with regard to their behaviour on moisture transport and weathering was the objective. In search of clues for a dose-response relation - i.e. upon a connection between the emission rate of SO2 and NOx on one hand and the degree of damage to mainly plaster having a lime component on the other - it has been of interest to what extent their structural characteristics including pore space are modified and so consequently also physico-technical properties and chemical composition. For determining corresponding criteria, a widely diversified spectrum of test methods such as to obtain data concerning porosity and moisture transport, mechanical behaviour, and chemistry as well is available. A description of the manufacture of plate-shaped rendering specimens with lime putty, industrially hydrated lime and dolomitic hydrate (the last two also having a cement admixture) and also hydraulic lime as binding agents is included. First deposition velocity and absorption rate for SO2 were determined in laboratory tests on these materials in dry and moist states. After their exposure on outdoor racks at six locations in the Berlin region with differing SO2 atmospheric contents over at least 5 years, the samples of course show timedependent modifications of chemical and physical qualities which are especially reflected in the form of profiles of structure, strength and concentration, e.g. for sulphate. Local climatic differences, however, partly exert a greater influence on material than emissions. Similar investigations were performed on samples of comparable composition exposed 4 and 17 years. But the real surprise is furnished by the renderings’ behaviour depending upon orientation and upon height at a building. Since weathering behaviour and moisture Transport (absorption, storage, release) are directly interdependent, further criteria are necessary for a critical assessment of a plasters’ pore structure. Starting from sands, plasters were characterized. The structural parameters were lastly influenced by the respective contents of sand, binder and mixing water. These results and those gained from bricks naturally find their expression in masonry sections manufactured there from, and above all in their capillary and evaporative behaviours, and also when applying different test liquids. Summary and cited literature is given at the end of this report. KW - Potentialfeldmessung KW - Potential mapping KW - Korrosion KW - Stahlbeton KW - Betonstahl KW - Merkblatt B 3 PY - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-336229 SP - 1 EP - 92 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) / Technische Universität München AN - OPUS4-33622 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -