TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Stürenberg, Jan A1 - Tandon, Aditya T1 - Robotergestütztes Bauwerksmonitoring basierend auf eingebetteter Sensorik N2 - In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat sich das Bauwerksmonitoring (engl. „Structural Health Monitoring“, SHM) zu einer nützlichen Ergänzung routinemäßiger Inspektionen entwickelt. SHM ermöglicht die frühzeitige Erkennung von Schäden an Bauwerken und dadurch die frühe, und somit kostengünstige, Durchführung von Reparatur- und Wartungsarbeiten. Mit dem Aufkommen drahtloser Technologien und Fortschritten in der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie werden Bauwerke zunehmend mit drahtlosen Sensorknoten ausgestattet, um für SHM relevante Bauwerksdaten zu erfassen, zu analysieren und zu übertragen. Eine vielversprechende Methode für SHM ist die direkte Einbettung von Sensoren in den Beton. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Sensorsystem zur Einbettung in Beton vorgestellt, das in der Lage ist, die im Beton aufgenommenen Bauwerksdaten auszuwerten. Die Sensoren werden bei Bedarf von vierbeinigen Robotern mittels Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) ausgelesen und mit Energie versorgt, was einen automatisierten und effizienten Prozess ermöglicht. Der prototypische Prozess zur automatischen Erfassung von Bauwerksdaten mit eingebetteter Sensorik und vierbeinigen Robotern wird durch Tests in einer Büroumgebung validiert. Die Ergebnisse der Tests bestätigen die automatische und effiziente Erfassung von Bauwerksdaten, die eine frühzeitige Erkennung von Bauwerksschäden, auch von nicht sichtbaren Schäden, ermöglicht, und eine folgerichtige Weiterentwicklung des modernen Bauwerksmonitorings repräsentiert. T2 - 35. Forum Bauinformatik CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 18.09.2024 KW - Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) KW - Bauwerksmonitoring (SHM) KW - Eingebettete Sensorik KW - Vierbeinige Roboter KW - Autonome Navigation PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-621890 DO - https://doi.org/10.15480/882.13502 SP - 139 EP - 146 AN - OPUS4-62189 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tukhmetova, Dariya A1 - Langhammer, Nicole A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Meermann, Björn T1 - Online Isotope Analysis of Sulfur in Proteins via Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled With Multicollector ICP‐MS (CE/MC‐ICP‐MS): A Proof of Concept Study N2 - Isotope ratio analysis of sulfur in biological samples using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has gained significant interest for applications in quantitative proteomics. Advancements like coupling separation techniques with multicollector ICP-MS (MC-ICP-MS) enhance the throughput of species-specific sulfur isotope ratio measurements, fostering new avenues for studying sulfur metabolism in complex biological matrices. This proof-of-concept study investigates the feasibility of online CE/MC-ICP-MS for directly analyzing sulfur isotope ratios in proteins (albumin). Leveraging our previous work on the applicability of CE/ICP-MS for quantifying sulfur-containing biological molecules, we explore its potential for sulfur isotope analysis. Our results demonstrate that direct analysis of sulfur isotopes in albumin protein using online capillary electrophoresis MC-ICP-MS (CE/MC-ICP-MS) eliminates the need for laborious pretreatment steps, while yielding isotope ratios comparable to the reference values. Although initial precision can be improved through further system optimization and protein injection techniques, this approach paves the way for future analysis of mixtures of various biological compounds in, for example, clinical diagnosis studies. KW - Isotope analysis KW - Sulfur KW - CE/MC-ICP-MS PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-612439 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.202400128 SN - 0173-0835 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-61243 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayerlein, Bernd A1 - Schilling, Markus A1 - Curran, Maurice A1 - Campbell, Carelyn E. A1 - Dima, Alden A. A1 - Birkholz, Henk A1 - Lau, June W. T1 - Natural Language Processing-Driven Microscopy Ontology Development N2 - AbstractThis manuscript describes the accelerated development of an ontology for microscopy in materials science and engineering, leveraging natural language processing (NLP) techniques. Drawing from a comprehensive corpus comprising over 14 k contributions to the Microscopy and Microanalysis conference series, we employed two neural network-based algorithms for NLP. The goal was to semiautomatically create the Microscopy Ontology (MO) that encapsulates and interconnects the terminology most frequently used by the community. The MO, characterized by its interlinked entities and relationships, is designed to enhance the quality of user query results within NexusLIMS. This enhancement is facilitated through the concurrent querying of related terms and the seamless integration of logical connections. KW - Microscopy Ontology KW - Knowledge Representation KW - Semantic Interoperability KW - Natural Language Processing KW - Ontology Development PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-616942 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40192-024-00378-y SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC AN - OPUS4-61694 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yue A1 - Colnaghi, Timoteo A1 - Gong, Yilun A1 - Zhang, Huaide A1 - Yu, Yuan A1 - Wei, Ye A1 - Gan, Bin A1 - Song, Min A1 - Marek, Andreas A1 - Rampp, Markus A1 - Zhang, Siyuan A1 - Pei, Zongrui A1 - Wuttig, Matthias A1 - Ghosh, Sheuly A1 - Körmann, Fritz A1 - Neugebauer, Jörg A1 - Wang, Zhangwei A1 - Gault, Baptiste T1 - Machine learning‐enabled tomographic imaging of chemical short‐range atomic ordering N2 - In solids, chemical short‐range order (CSRO) refers to the self‐organization of atoms of certain species occupying specific crystal sites. CSRO is increasingly being envisaged as a lever to tailor the mechanical and functional properties of materials. Yet quantitative relationships between properties and the morphology, number density, and atomic configurations of CSRO domains remain elusive. Herein, it is showcased how machine learning‐enhanced atom probe tomography (APT) can mine the near‐atomically resolved APT data and jointly exploit the technique's high elemental sensitivity to provide a 3D quantitative analysis of CSRO in a CoCrNi medium‐entropy alloy. Multiple CSRO configurations are revealed, with their formation supported by state‐of‐the‐art Monte‐Carlo simulations. Quantitative analysis of these CSROs allows establishing relationships between processing parameters and physical properties. The unambiguous characterization of CSRO will help refine strategies for designing advanced materials by manipulating atomic‐scale architectures. KW - Chemical short-range order (CSRO) KW - Atom probe tomography (APT) KW - Machine learning PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623777 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202407564 SN - 1521-4095 VL - 36 IS - 44 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-62377 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Mohring, Wencke A1 - Wolf, Marcus T1 - The insignificant improvement of corrosion and corrosion fatigue behavior in geothermal environment applying Boehmit coatings on high alloyed steels N2 - The efficacy of alumina-sol based coatings in a water-free atmosphere at high temperatures suggests a potential solution for enhancing the corrosion resistance of high-alloyed steels in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) environments. In this study, coupons of X20Cr13, designed for use as injection pipes with 13% Chromium and 0.20% Carbon (1.4021, AISI 420), were sol-gel coated with water and ethanol-based alumina. These coated coupons were then exposed to CO2-saturated saline aquifer water, simulating conditions in the Northern German Basin, for 1000 h at ambient pressure and 60 °C. Corrosion fatigue experiments were also conducted using specimens of X5CrNiMoCuNb16-4 (1.4542, AISI 630), a suitable candidate for geothermal applications, to assess the impact of the ethanol-based coating on the number of cycles to failure at different stress amplitudes. Unfortunately, the coating exhibited early spallation, resulting in corrosion kinetics and corrosion fatigue data identical to those of uncoated specimens. Consequently, the initially promising Boehmit coating is deemed unsuitable for CCS applications and further research therefore not advisable. KW - Alumina coating KW - High alloyed steel KW - Pitting KW - Surface corrosion KW - CO2 KW - Pipeline KW - Corrosion KW - CCS KW - CO2-storage PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623786 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/app14041575 SN - 2076-3417 VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - MDPI CY - Basel AN - OPUS4-62378 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vlach, Tomáš A1 - Řepka, Jakub A1 - Hájek, Jakub A1 - Pošta, Jan A1 - Fürst, Richard A1 - Hájek, Petr T1 - Shear Capacity of Hollow High-Performance Concrete Beams with Cross-Wound Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement N2 - This paper introduces cross-wound CFRP shear reinforcement of hollow HPC beams. The CFRP reinforcement was manufactured in the form of a square tubular mesh from carbon rovings oriented at ±45° from the longitudinal axis. The shear reinforcement was made in two variants from carbon yarns with linear densities of 1600 and 3700 tex. Tensile reinforcement made of BFRP bars was positioned directly around the hollow core and was used as a platform for manual winding of the shear reinforcement. The hollow beams were subjected to a three-point bending test with four configurations of the tensile BFRP reinforcement for better evaluation of the effect of the shear reinforcement under different conditions. The 1600 tex shear reinforcement increased the ultimate flexural strength by at least 89% compared to specimens without any shear reinforcement. The 3700 tex shear reinforcement yielded slightly better results in most cases but was not utilized to its full shear capacity as these specimens always failed in shear due to the delamination of the concrete matrix from the shear reinforcement. There was too much reinforcement in the beam cross-section. KW - Hollow concrete beam KW - Shear reinforcement KW - Composite reinforcement KW - Woven reinforcement KW - Cross-wound reinforcement KW - Fiber-reinforced polymer KW - High-performance concrete PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623868 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17010075 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - MDPI AN - OPUS4-62386 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paul, Nathalie A1 - Karamitsou, Venetia A1 - Giegerich, Clemens A1 - Sadeghi, Afshin A1 - Lücke, Moritz A1 - Wagenhuber, Britta A1 - Kister, Alexander A1 - Rehberg, Markus T1 - Building virtual patients using simulation-based inference N2 - In the context of in silico clinical trials, mechanistic computer models for pathophysiology and pharmacology (here Quantitative Systems Pharmacology models, QSP) can greatly support the decision making for drug candidates and elucidate the (potential) response of patients to existing and novel treatments. These models are built on disease mechanisms and then parametrized using (clinical study) data. Clinical variability among patients is represented by alternative model parameterizations, called virtual patients. Despite the complexity of disease modeling itself, using individual patient data to build these virtual patients is particularly challenging given the high-dimensional, potentially sparse and noisy clinical trial data. In this work, we investigate the applicability of simulation-based inference (SBI), an advanced probabilistic machine learning approach, for virtual patient generation from individual patient data and we develop and evaluate the concept of nearest patient fits (SBI NPF), which further enhances the fitting performance. At the example of rheumatoid arthritis where prediction of treatment response is notoriously difficult, our experiments demonstrate that the SBI approaches can capture large inter-patient variability in clinical data and can compete with standard fitting methods in the field. Moreover, since SBI learns a probability distribution over the virtual patient parametrization, it naturally provides the probability for alternative parametrizations. The learned distributions allow us to generate highly probable alternative virtual patient populations for rheumatoid arthritis, which could potentially enhance the assessment of drug candidates if used for in silico trials. KW - Simulation-based inference KW - Machine learning KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Virtual patients KW - Pathophysiology KW - Pharmacology PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-626050 DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsysb.2024.1444912 SN - 2674-0702 VL - 4 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Frontiers Media SA AN - OPUS4-62605 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Daniel A1 - Asna Ashari, Parsa A1 - Blind, Knut T1 - Exploring the fuel-cell technological innovation system: Technology interactions in the mobility sector N2 - With the rise of alternative sustainable powertrain technologies, the mobility paradigm has undergone fundamental changes in recent years. In the wake of the ongoing transition of the road-vehicle sector, fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) have received increased political attention. However, they constitute only a tiny fraction of total road vehicles nowadays and still face competition from other powertrain technologies. Therefore, this study specifically focuses on how the focal technological innovation system of FCVs is influenced by the emerging electric vehicles (EVs) and established internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) as its context structures. To this end, our time-series vector error correction models analyze the short- and long-run causalities between our focal TIS and its context structures. Using publications, patents, and standards as quantitative TIS indicators, we analyze the modes of technology interaction between FCVs and EVs and FCVs and ICEVs to determine the life-cycle phase of our focal FCV-TIS in more depth. Our results demonstrate that the FCV-TIS is in its formative phase based on the dominance of the EV and ICEV context structures. As policy implications, we derive application-sensitive technology policies that combine the benefits of each mobility technology toward the sustainable transition of the mobility sector. KW - Technological innovation system (TIS) KW - Technology interaction KW - TIS-context relations KW - Fuel-cell vehicles KW - Electric vehicles KW - Internal combustion engine vehicles PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-626599 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2024.101107 SN - 2590-1982 VL - 25 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-62659 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ladu, Luana A1 - Morone, P. T1 - Sustainability assessments of bio-based products: From research to practice (and standards)☆ N2 - The transition from a linear, fossil-based economy to a circular, bio-based economy is needed in order to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. However, it is important to ensure that the bio-based economy delivers the expected environmental and social impacts, by respecting and implementing sustainability principles. One effective way to reduce uncertainty regarding bio-based product properties and benefits is through the use of sustainability standards, certification schemes, and ecolabels. These measures can play a significant role in advancing the transition to a sustainable, circular bio-based economy. They provide a solid foundation for assessing sustainability of “green” products and initiatives and contribute greatly to building trust in products among consumers, providing a reliable framework for sevaluation. To measure the sustainability of bio-based products, several robust and reliable tools are under development, gathering evidence from research and collaborative efforts of several European projects. KW - Bioeconomy KW - Sustainability Assessment KW - Standards KW - Certifications KW - Ecolabels PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623576 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socimp.2024.100041 VL - 3 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-62357 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Völker, Tobias A1 - Mensing, Friedrich A1 - Kruschwitz, Sabine T1 - Estimation of cement content in concrete by spatially resolved laser induced breakdown spectroscopy N2 - The cement content in concrete significantly influences critical properties such as durability, permeability, strength, and workability. Traditional methods for estimating the cement content face limitations. These include the need for comprehensive chemical and solubility knowledge, extensive sample preparation, and their time-consuming and destructive nature. This study investigates the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as an alternative method. It involves probing concrete samples with high spatial resolution and analyzing the resultant spectra. The methodology is first tested on mesoscale concrete models to assess limitations and inherent errors. Subsequently, the methodology is applied to actual concrete samples with varying cement content and aggregate size distributions. The results demonstrate a promising accuracy, with an average relative error of approximately 8%. This paper offers a comprehensive evaluation of the method's advantages, limitations, and factors influencing its practical applicability in field conditions. KW - LIBS KW - Spectroscopy KW - Cement content KW - Elemental mapping PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-620112 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2024.107714 SN - 1873-3948 VL - 189 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-62011 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alem, Sayed Ali Ahmad A1 - Sabzvand, Mohammad Hossein A1 - Govahi, Parnian A1 - Poormehrabi, Pooria A1 - Azar, Mahdi Hasanzadeh A1 - Siouki, Sara Salehi A1 - Rashidi, Reza A1 - Angizi, Shayan A1 - Bagherifard, Sara T1 - Advancing the next generation of high-performance metal matrix composites through metal particle reinforcement N2 - Metal matrix composites (MMCs) offer asignificant boost to achieve a wide range of advanced mechanical properties and improved performance for a variety of demanding applications. The addition of metal particles as reinforcement in MMCs is an exciting alternative to conventional ceramic reinforcements, which suffer from numerous shortcomings. Over the last two decades, various categories of metal particles, i.e., intermetallics, bulk metallic glasses, high-entropy alloys, and shape memory alloys, have become popular as reinforcement choices for MMCs. These groups of metal particles offer a combination of outstanding physico-mechanical properties leading to unprecedented performances; moreover, they are significantly more compatible with the metal matrices compared to traditional ceramic reinforcements. In this review paper, the recent developments in MMCs are investigated. The importance of understanding the active mechanisms at the interface of the matrix and the reinforcement is highlighted. Moreover, the processing techniques required to manufacture high-performance MMCs are explored identifying the potential structural and functional applications. Finally, the potential advantages and current challenges associated with the use of each reinforcement category and the future developments are critically discussed. Based on the reported results, the use of metal particles as reinforcement in MMCs offers a promising avenue for the development of advanced materials with novel mechanical properties. Further progress requires more in-depth fundamental research to realize the active reinforcing mechanisms at the atomic level to precisely identify, understand, and tailor the properties of the integrated composite materials. KW - Intermetallic KW - Composite KW - Metal matrix composite KW - Interface KW - High entropy alloy KW - Bulk metallic glass PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-620730 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-024-01057-4 SN - 2522-0128 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 68 PB - Springer Nature AN - OPUS4-62073 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christensen, J. B. A1 - Jørgensen, A. A. A1 - Vandborg, M. H. A1 - Thomas, P. J. A1 - Lu, Xin A1 - Failleau, G. A1 - Eisermann, R. A1 - Grüner-Nielsen, L. A1 - Balslev-Harder, D. A1 - Lassen, M. A1 - Krenek, S. T1 - Fiber-artefact methodology and calibration framework for Brillouin-based fiber sensing N2 - We propose, and demonstrate, the use of a fiber-optical measurement artefact as a metrological tool for traceable distance calibration of distributed optical fiber sensors. The constructed fiber artefact consists of a lead-in fiber coupled to a fiber loop using a 3-dB coupler and is used to calibrate both a home-build Brillouin-OTDR setup and a custom version of a commercial Brillouin-OTDR interrogator build for distributed temperature sensing. For both interrogators, we demonstrate distance calibrations with 1-meter uncertainty (k=1) in the offset length and 0.1 % (1 m/km) uncertainty (k = 1) in the distance scale factor. In addition, it is shown that the fiber artefact can be used to assess undesired distance-dependent measurement biases. KW - Distributed temperature sensing KW - Metrology KW - Distributed optical fiber sensing KW - Brillouin optical time-domain reflectrometry PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-618853 DO - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.544659 SN - 1094-4087 VL - 32 IS - 26 SP - 45483 EP - 45493 PB - Optica Publishing Group AN - OPUS4-61885 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shafiey, Hassan A1 - Gogol-Döring, Andreas A1 - McMahon, Dino Peter A1 - Doublet, Vincent A1 - Disayathanoowat, Terd A1 - Paxton, Robert J. T1 - A new variant of slow bee paralysis virus revealed by transcriptome analysis N2 - Using NGS data from an RNA-seq library, we reveal a novel variant of slow bee paralysis virus (SBPV) in a pooled sample of adult honey bees (Apis mellifera) collected in southwest Germany. We provide its sequence (NCBI Accession No. PP100271) and demonstrate that it is infective for adult honey bees by feeding. KW - SBPV KW - Apis mellifera KW - +ss RNA virus KW - Iflaviridae KW - Transmission KW - NGS PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-620900 DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2024.2425912 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - Taylor & Francis AN - OPUS4-62090 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Mike A1 - Couzinié, Jean-Philippe A1 - Shalabi, Amin A1 - Ibrahimkhel, Farhad A1 - Ferrari, Alberto A1 - Körmann, Fritz A1 - Laplanche, Guillaume T1 - Effect of stacking fault energy on the thickness and density of annealing twins in recrystallized FCC medium and high-entropy alloys N2 - This work aims to predict the microstructure of recrystallized medium and high-entropy alloys (MEAs and HEAs) with a face-centered cubic structure, in particular the density of annealing twins and their thickness. Eight MEAs and five HEAs from the Cr-Mn-Fe-Co-Ni system are considered, which have been cast, homogenized, cold-worked and recrystallized to obtain different grain sizes. This work thus provides a database that could be used for data mining to take twin boundary engineering for alloy development to the next level. Since the stacking fault energy is known to strongly affect recrystallized microstructures, the latter was determined at 293 K using the weak beam dark-field technique and compared with ab initio simulations, which additionally allowed to calculate its temperature dependence. Finally, we show that all these data can be rationalized based on theories and empirical relationships that were proposed for pure metals and binary Cu-based alloys. KW - CoCrFeMnNi HEAs and MEAs KW - Recrystallization KW - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) KW - Electron backscatter diffraction KW - Grain boundary engineering PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-629346 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2023.115844 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 240 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-62934 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sridaran Venkat, Ramanan A1 - Stamm, Michael A1 - Wittmann, Jost A1 - Lauterbach, Helge A1 - Bleier, Michael T1 - Harnessing the power of thermal imagery and visual inspection- a mean for reliable damage detection of wind turbine rotor blades N2 - Generation of green electricity as part of the energy transition is leading to a growing market in the wind energy sector all over the world. Maintenance and inspection are key-factor for the reliable, safe and efficient operation of wind turbines. Regular maintenance of rotor blades focuses on damage such as erosion on the leading edge of the profile, delamination and thermal cracks due to lightning strikes. To date, visual inspection by technicians (climbers) has been the state of the art. Recently, drone-based inspections using visual cameras have become more common, enabling fast, reliable and cost-effective inspections. However, no internal damage to the rotor blades are detectable during such an inspection. This deficiency is often compensated by thermography, a recognized method for detecting damages beneath the surface of an object. Thermography has been promoted and continuously developed at BAM for years. In the first part of this paper, the authors present the concept for a drone-based multisensory system that combines a thermal camera, a high-resolution visual camera and a 3D Laser scanner.The system provides a comprehensive view of the rotor blade samples internal and external conditions. In the second part of the paper, we present a lab-based demonstrator comprising an infrared camera and an RGB camera. We elaborate on the process for fusing the images comprising the calibration, image preprocessing and image registration. T2 - 11th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 10.06.2024 KW - Wind rotor blade inspection KW - Thermography KW - Data fusion KW - Drone inspection KW - Multi-sensors PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-625107 DO - https://doi.org/10.58286/29868 SN - 1435-4934 VL - 29 SP - 1 EP - 8 AN - OPUS4-62510 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Zia, Ghezal Ahmad Jan A1 - Valdestilhas, Andre A1 - Moreno Torres, Benjami A1 - Kruschwitz, Sabine T1 - Leveraging large language models for automated knowledge graphs generation in non-destructive testing N2 - This paper presents an innovative approach for the automatic generation of Knowledge Graphs (KGs) from heterogeneous scientific articles in the domain of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) applied to building materials. Our methodology leverages large language models (LLMs) to extract and semantically relate concepts from diverse sources. We developed material-specific agents for concrete, wood, steel, and bricks, each equipped with a curated glossary of terms to ensure domain accuracy. These agents process PDF documents, extracting relevant information on deterioration mechanisms, physical changes, and applicable NDT methods. The extracted data is then normalized, validated, and structured into a Neo4j graph database, forming a comprehensive KG. Our results demonstrate the system’s ability to automatically discover and represent intricate relationships between materials, deterioration mechanisms, physical changes, and NDT techniques. The generated KG successfully captures complex interactions, such as the applicability of specific NDT methods to various materials under different deterioration conditions. This work not only highlights the potential of KGs in enhancing knowledge discovery and representation in NDT research but also provides a scalable framework for extending this approach to other scientific domains. T2 - SeMatS 2024 - The 1st International Workshop on Semantic Materials Science CY - Amsterdam, The Netherlands DA - 17.09.2024 KW - Materials science and engineering KW - Large language model KW - Linked open data KW - Data interoperability KW - RDF KW - Semantic web PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-624597 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13834164 SN - 1613-0073 N1 - Serientitel: CEUR workshop proceedings – Series title: CEUR workshop proceedings VL - 3760 SP - 101 EP - 110 PB - RWTH Aachen CY - Aachen AN - OPUS4-62459 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strobl, Dominic A1 - Unger, Jörg F. A1 - Ghnatios, C. A1 - Robens-Radermacher, Annika T1 - PGD in thermal transient problems with a moving heat source: A sensitivity study on factors affecting accuracy and efficiency N2 - Thermal transient problems, essential for modeling applications like welding and additive metal manufacturing, are characterized by a dynamic evolution of temperature. Accurately simulating these phenomena is often computationally expensive, thus limiting their applications, for example for model parameter estimation or online process control. Model order reduction, a solution to preserve the accuracy while reducing the computation time, is explored. This article addresses challenges in developing reduced order models using the proper generalized decomposition (PGD) for transient thermal problems with a specific treatment of the moving heat source within the reduced model. Factors affecting accuracy, convergence, and computational cost, such as discretization methods (finite element and finite difference), a dimensionless formulation, the size of the heat source, and the inclusion of material parameters as additional PGD variables are examined across progressively complex examples. The results demonstrate the influence of these factors on the PGD model’s performance and emphasize the importance of their consideration when implementing such models. For thermal example, it is demonstrated that a PGD model with a finite difference discretization in time, a dimensionless representation, a mapping for a moving heat source, and a spatial domain non-separation yields the best approximation to the full order model. KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Mapping for unseparable load KW - Model order reduction (MOR) KW - Thermal transient problem KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Proper generalized decomposition (PGD) PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-598001 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12887 VL - 6 IS - 11 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - John Wiley & Sons Ltd. CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-59800 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Agrawal, A. A1 - Tamsen, E. A1 - Unger, Jörg F. A1 - Koutsourelakis, P-S T1 - From concrete mixture to structural design—a holistic optimization procedure in the presence of uncertainties N2 - We propose a systematic design approach for the precast concrete industry to promote sustainable construction practices. By employing a holistic optimization procedure, we combine the concrete mixture design and structural simulations in a joint, forward workflow that we ultimately seek to invert. In this manner, new mixtures beyond standard ranges can be considered. Any design effort should account for the presence of uncertainties which can be aleatoric or epistemic as when data are used to calibrate physical models or identify models that fill missing links in the workflow. Inverting the causal relations established poses several challenges especially when these involve physicsbased models which more often than not, do not provide derivatives/sensitivities or when design constraints are present. To this end, we advocate Variational Optimization, with proposed extensions and appropriately chosen heuristics to overcome the aforementioned challenges. The proposed approach to treat the design process as a workflow, learn the missing links from data/models, and finally perform global optimization using the workflow is transferable to several other materials, structural, and mechanical problems. In the present work, the efficacy of the method is exemplarily illustrated using the design of a precast concrete beam with the objective to minimize the global warming potential while satisfying a number of constraints associated with its load-bearing capacity after 28 days according to the Eurocode, the demolding time as computed by a complex nonlinear finite element model, and the maximum temperature during the hydration. KW - Black-box optimization under uncertainty KW - Mix design KW - Performance oriented design KW - Precast concrete KW - Probabilistic machine learning KW - Sustainable material design PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-615443 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/dce.2024.18 VL - 5 IS - e20 SP - 1 EP - 32 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - England AN - OPUS4-61544 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Schönsee, Eric A1 - Jeyifous, Olubunmi Anthony A1 - Izanlu, Morteza A1 - Hüsken, Götz ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - In situ Prozessüberwachung und Qualitätskontrolle bei der additiven Fertigung von Betonbauteilen N2 - In der additiven Fertigung von Beton wird kontinuierlich Material gemischt und verarbeitet. Dies erfordert eine kontinuierliche in situ Prozessüberwachung und Qualitätskontrolle. An der BAM wurde ein 3D-Betondrucker aufgebaut, der eine umfängliche Prozessüberwachung ermöglicht. Druck-, Temperatur- und Feuchtesensoren in der Pumpe und im Fördersystem erlauben ein kontinuierliches Monitoring des Frischbetons, während ein Laserlinienscanner am Druckkopf unmittelbar die gedruckte Ist-Kontur verfolgt. Die so gewonnenen Daten können Grundlage für die Erarbeitung von Normen für die additive Fertigung von Betonbauteilen sein und somit deren Standsicherheit gewährleisten. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - In situ KW - Prozessüberwachung KW - Additive Fertigung KW - Betonbauteil PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613064 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 138 EP - 146 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61306 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rübner, Katrin ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Vom Bauschutt zur leichten Gesteinskörnung N2 - Leichte Gesteinskörnungen können ressourcenschonend aus heterogenen und feinkörnigen Bau- und Abbruchabfällen in einem mehrstufigen Prozess durch thermische oder hydrothermale Stoffumwandlung hergestellt werden. Ihre Anwendung erfolgt in Leichtbetonen und Leichtmörteln, als Schüttung im Garten und Landschaftsbau oder auch als Filter- und Speichermaterial. In zahlreichen Forschungsprojekten wurden die Herstellungsprozesse entwickelt, die Materialeigenschaften optimiert und unterschiedliche Applikationen untersucht. In diesem Beitrag wird zusammenfassend über dieser Forschungsarbeiten berichtet. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Bauschutt KW - Gesteinskörnung PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613105 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 70 EP - 77 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61310 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Cook, Jake A1 - Tonon, Chiara A1 - Stohl, Leonie A1 - von Werder, Julia ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Assessment of concrete bioreceptivity and model organism performance for use in algal biofilm green facade systems N2 - Elevated temperatures and high levels of air pollution in urban environments pose a significant threat to the health and life quality of inhabitants of these areas. This research aims to address these challenges by developing green façade systems using micro-algal biofilms. Both material and biological properties are assessed to optimise biofilm performance and durability. Cementitious samples with different pH levels and varying nutrient compositions are tested in combination with model microorganisms. Organism growth, health and adhesion are monitored over a 3-month period under controlled laboratory conditions. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Concrete bioreceptivity KW - Model organism performance KW - Algal biofilm KW - Algal biofilm green facade systems PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613114 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 159 EP - 166 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61311 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Robens-Radermacher, Annika A1 - Saif-Ur-Rehman, A1 - Wolf, Christoph A1 - Kujath, Cezary A1 - He, Yuxiang A1 - Mezhof, Alexander A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Jeyifous, Olubunmi Anthony A1 - Unger, Jörg F. ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Modellierung und Simulation von 3D Betondruck – Design- und Prozessoptimierung N2 - Der 3D Betondruck ermöglicht die effiziente und ressourcenschonendere Herstellung maßgeschneiderter Betonstrukturen. Trotz des großen Potentials gibt es bisher keine einheitlichen Normen und Standards für den sicheren und robusten 3D Betondruck. Der Beitrag zeigt das Potential numerischer Methoden und Modelle zur effizienten und ressourcenschonenden Design- und Prozessoptimierung des 3D Betondrucks. Dazu werden die aktuellen Forschungsarbeiten im Bereich der Entwicklung robuster und zuverlässiger numerischer Zwillinge, geeigneter Optimierungstools sowie digitaler Workflows diskutiert. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Modellierung KW - Simulation KW - 3D Betondruck KW - Designoptimierung KW - Prozessoptimierung PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613023 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 132 EP - 137 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61302 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Andrés Arcones, Daniel A1 - Unger, Jörg F. ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Modell- und Parameterunsicherheiten am Beispiel eines digitalen Brückenzwillings N2 - Digitale Zwillinge bieten wertvolle Einblicke in das Verhalten von Bauwerken und ermöglichen eine fundierte Entscheidungsfindung. Durch den Einsatz von Simulationen, die auf physikalischen Gesetzen beruhen, ist es möglich, Vorhersagen über die Struktur auf der Grundlage zukünftiger oder hypothetischer Situationen zu treffen. Die Verwendung solcher Simulationen impliziert jedoch eine Reihe von Annahmen und Vereinfachungen, die unvermeidbare Fehler in die Vorhersagen einbringen. Die Quantifizierung dieser Unsicherheiten ist der Schlüssel für den Einsatz zuverlässiger digitaler Zwillinge von Brücken. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Modellunsicherheit KW - Parameterunsicherheit KW - Digitaler Brückenzwilling PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613013 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 218 EP - 223 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61301 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Jeyifous, Olubunmi Anthony A1 - Schönsee, Eric A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Beitrag zur Beurteilung der Wiederholbarkeit additiv gedruckter Betonbauteile N2 - Die additive Fertigung von Betonbauteilen, auch bekannt als 3D-Betondruck, ist eine Technologie, die im letzten Jahrzehnt aufgrund ihrer finanziellen und ökologischen Vorteile als nachhaltige Fertigungstechnologie viel Aufmerksamkeit erhalten hat. Obwohl die Vorteile der additiven Fertigung bereits durch zahlreiche Forschungs- und Demonstrationsprojekte gezeigt wurden, ist die Qualitätskontrolle während des Druckens äußerst anspruchsvoll und wird auch aufgrund fehlender harmonisierter Normen kaum angewendet. Aufgrund des kontinuierlichen Mischprozesses beim 3D-Betondruck ist es unmöglich Schwankungen des Trockenmörtels oder des Wassergehalts auszuschließen. Daher ist eine einzelne Stichprobe nicht mehr repräsentativ für das gesamte Bauteil und ein während des Druckens in einer Schicht auftretender Fehler kann die Integrität der gesamten Struktur beeinträchtigen. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse eines als Fachwerkstruktur konzipierten Bogens, der unter vergleichbaren Randbedingungen mehrmals mit einem 3D-Betonextrusionsdrucker gedruckt wurde, vorgestellt. Jeder Bogen wurde auf seine mechanische Festigkeit und sein Tragverhalten geprüft. Die Ergebnisse der mechanischen Prüfungen der gedruckten Bögen werden mit Materialdaten aus klassischen Materialprüfungen verglichen und hinsichtlich ihrer statistischen Signifikanz diskutiert. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Additiv gedrucktes Betonbauteil KW - Beurteilung KW - Wiederholbarkeit PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613043 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 126 EP - 131 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61304 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Trattnig, H. A1 - Boehm, C. ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Spanndrahtbrüche und ihr digitaler akustischer Zwilling N2 - Die Planung eines Monitorings von Spanndrahtbrüchen mit Schallemissionsanalyse erfordert viel Erfahrung und setzt eine akustische Analyse der Spannbetonstruktur voraus. Eine akustische Simulation der Struktur unterstützt die Optimierung der Sensoranordnung und erhöht die Zuverlässigkeit der Drahtbrucherkennung durch die Fusion von Simulations- und Messergebnissen in einer Datenbank. Künftig können Baulastträger und Monitoringanbieter von standardisierten – FAIR-en – akustischen Daten profitieren. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Spanndrahtbruch KW - Digitaler akustischer Zwilling PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613038 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 224 EP - 229 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61303 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stohl, Leonie A1 - Cook, Jake A1 - von Werder, Julia ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Bioreceptive concrete surfaces: Understanding material-biology interactions for façade greening N2 - The climate crisis has led to a growing demand for environmentally oriented approaches in the construction industry, including not only eco-friendly materials, but also the greening of urban spaces. Microbial facade greening with algae is a novel concept based on the inherent bioreceptive properties of different building materials. This study focuses on the influence of physical material properties on biofilm formation. Differently textured samples from the same UHPC mix were produced and their roughness and water absorption documented. The samples were then weathered under laboratory conditions to observe material-algae interactions. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Bioreceptive KW - Material-biology Interaction KW - Façade greening PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613096 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 153 EP - 158 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61309 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Kühnel, Alena A1 - Fladt, Matthias A1 - Stelzner, Ludwig ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Dauerhaftigkeit von Betonfahrbahndecken im deutschen Bundesautobahnnetz N2 - Die Dauerhaftigkeit der Betondecke und deren Oberflächentexturierung bestimmen maßgebend das Ge-brauchsverhalten von Betonfahrbahnen. Der Beitrag zeigt die Leistungsfähigkeit der Innenhydrophobierung als neuartige AKR-Vermeidungsstrategie zur Sicherstellung der geplanten, normativen Nutzungsdauer, auch unter Verwendung grenzwertig alkaliempfindlicher Gesteinskörnungen, auf. Zusätzlich wird eine neuartige Prüfmethodik zur in situ Verfolgung der 3D-Texturveränderungen auf einem erneuerten BAB-Abschnitt mit Grindingtextur vorgestellt. Diese beeinflussen maßgebend die Griffigkeit und die Reifen-Fahrbahn-Geräusche. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Betonfahrbahnen KW - Alkali-Kieselsäure-Reaktion KW - Innenhydrophobierung PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613184 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 232 EP - 243 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61318 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Weigel, Sandra A1 - Hoppe, Johannes ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Dauerhafte Funktionsfähigkeit von Bauwerksfugen - Das performance concept in der Abdichtungstechnik von Betonfahrbahnen N2 - Verlässliche Funktionsfähigkeit und planbare Lebensdauerzyklen sind entscheidend für die Weiterentwicklung der Betonbauweise im Straßenbau. Aus Forschungsergebnissen zur Fugenproblematik in hochbeanspruchten Betonfahrbahnen unter Diskussion regelungsspezifischer Erfordernisse erfolgt ein Plädoyer für eine funktionsanalytische Untersuchung von Fugensystemen. Mit aktuellen Projekten werden die Datengrundlage zu maßgebenden Einwirkungen und eine innovative versuchstechnische Infrastruktur als methodische Voraussetzungen zur Erhöhung zuverlässiger Funktionsfähigkeit von Bauwerksfugen bereitgestellt. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Betonfahrbahnen KW - Bauwerksfugen KW - Abdichtungstechnik von Betonfahrbahnen KW - SensoJointField KW - INFUKON PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613207 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 244 EP - 252 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61320 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weigel, Sandra A1 - Recknagel, Christoph ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Ein Ausblick: Alternative Bindemittel für bitumenhaltige Materialien N2 - Im Straßen- und Ingenieurbau sind neben dem Baustoff Beton auch bitumenhaltige Materialien in Flächenab-dichtungen, Dehnfugenkonstruktionen und Asphaltbelägen von entscheidender Bedeutung. Die bestehende Erdölabhängigkeit dieser Materialien fordert jedoch ein dringendes Umdenken, wobei langfristig die Substitu-tion des Bitumens durch nachhaltige, biobasierte Alternativmaterialien angestrebt werden sollte. Durch eine partielle Substitution wäre zudem bereits kurz- bis mittelfristig eine Reduzierung der Erdölabhängigkeit mög-lich, wobei sich z.B. Rückstände der Mikroalgenaufbereitung oder Lignin als Substitutionsprodukte eignen. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Alternative KW - Bindemittel KW - Bitumenhaltige Materialien PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613138 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 167 EP - 174 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61313 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pittrich, Tim A1 - Stelzner, Ludwig A1 - Weise, Frank ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Tunnelbrand – Abplatzverhalten von normalfesten Betonen mit verschiedenen klinkereffizienten Zementen N2 - Zur Verminderung der CO2-Emissionen der Bauindustrie gewinnen klinkereffiziente Zemente immer mehr an Bedeutung und werden vermehrt in Ingenieurbauwerken eingesetzt. Das brandinduzierte Abplatzverhalten von Betonen mit diesen Zementen ist allerdings nur bedingt bekannt und ist u.a. im Tunnelbau von hoher Bedeutung. Im Zuge dessen, wurden normalfeste Betone mit vier verschiedenen Zementen (CEM I, CEM II/A-LL, CEM III/A und CEM II/B-Q) auf ihr brandinduziertes Abplatzverhalten untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Betone mit klinkereffizienten Zementen zu stärkeren Abplatzungen neigen. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Verminderung CO2-Emissionen KW - Brandinduziertes Abplatzverhalten KW - Klinkereffiziente Zemente PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613215 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 253 EP - 262 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61321 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bednarska, Dalia A1 - von Werder, Julia ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Modification of clay-based materials with a novel geopolymer: potential application towards water-resistance N2 - Earth is probably the most eco-friendly building material. However, since earthen materials dissolve in water easily their application is limited. The presented manuscript aims to verify the usefulness of a one-part geo- polymer developed at BAM as a stabilizing agent for earthen mortars. The experimental study encompasses water-resistance, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, water vapour permeability and microstructural anal- ysis of the reference and the modified earthen plaster. The presented results show that the modification visibly affects the properties of the initial material providing its water-resistance. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Clay-based materials KW - Water-resistance KW - Novel geopolymer PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613150 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 94 EP - 101 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61315 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hille, Falk A1 - Herrmann, Ralf A1 - Schneider, Ronald A1 - Pitters, S. A1 - Wedel, F. A1 - Hindersmann, I. T1 - Developing a guideline for structural health monitoring of road bridges in Germany N2 - In recent years, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has become a useful and increasingly widely used tool for supporting lifetime extensions of existing bridges with known structural deficiencies or indications of potentially critical damages or damage processes. At the same time, methods and tools are emerging, which enable monitoring-informed predictive maintenance of new and existing bridges based on digital twins. The monitoring process – starting from the definition of monitoring actions and ending with decisions based on monitoring outcomes – is complex and requires expertise in structural engineering, operation and maintenance of bridges, metrology, and data analytics. To support German road authorities, engineering consultancies, building contractors and other stakeholders of the bridge management, the Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) has initiated the development of a new guideline for applying SHM as part of the management of road bridges. The guideline will present various use cases and for each identified use case, it will propose a proven monitoring scheme. In addition, the guideline will provide guidance on assessing the benefits of SHM as well as a common approach to managing monitoring data as a systematic basis for integrating monitoring data in the bridge management. This contribution discusses the motivation, objectives, and scope of the guideline, describes its use case centric structure and outlines the proposed data management. T2 - IABMAS 2024 CY - Kopenhagen, Danmark DA - 24.06.2024 KW - Guideline KW - Structural health monitoring KW - Road bridges KW - Infrastructure PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613947 SN - 978-1-032-77040-6 DO - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003483755-236 SP - 2009 EP - 2017 PB - CRC Press AN - OPUS4-61394 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neugum, Tim A1 - Stelzner, Ludwig A1 - Häßler, Dustin A1 - Hothan, Sascha A1 - Zehfuß, J. ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Feuerwiderstand gezwängter Stahlbetonstützen N2 - Bei realen Brandereignissen stellen sich in der Regel mechanische und thermische Randbedingungen ein, die deutlich von denen in präskriptiven, bauteilorientierten Brandprüfungen abweichen. Beispielsweise werden Interaktionen der brandbeanspruchten Bauteile mit dem umgebenden Tragwerk und daraus resultierende Zwangsbeanspruchungen bei konventionellen Brandprüfungen nicht berücksichtigt. Mit Hilfe der Substrukturtechnik kann das Verhalten einer Stütze im Brandfall unter Berücksichtigung der Interaktion mit dem umgebenden Tragwerk untersucht werden. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Brandprüfungen KW - Substrukturtechnik KW - Zwangsbeanspruchungen KW - Brandbeanspruchung PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613249 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 270 EP - 277 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61324 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Thiele, Marc A1 - Herrmann, Ralf A1 - Degener, Sebastian A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Loewe, Anna ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Monitoring an Türmen von Onshore Windenergieanlagen in Betonbauweise im Hinblick auf Ermüdung N2 - Der Beitrag stellt das Messkonzept sowie dessen Umsetzung für ein umfassendes Monitoringsystem an einer onshore Windenergieanlage mit einem Hybridturm vor. Dieses ist Bestandteil des Forschungsvorhabens Win-ConFat – Structure, welches neben der Validierung geeigneter Sensorik auch die Bewertung des Zustands und der möglichen Restlebensdauer der ermüdungsbeanspruchten Betonstruktur zum Ziel hat. Neben dem Monitoringsystem werden erste Messergebnisse aus den Betriebsdaten sowie vom Verhalten der Turmstruktur vorgestellt. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Monitoring KW - Windenergieanlage und Hybridturm KW - Ermüdung KW - WinConFat – Structure PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613276 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 286 EP - 293 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61327 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hering, Marcus A1 - Fiedler, Georg A1 - Schubert, T. A1 - Hille, Falk A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Beckmann, B. ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Großmaßstäbliche Impaktversuche mit Stahlbetonplatten – Konzeptionierung und Vorbereitung N2 - Seit 1977 ist der Flugzeugabsturz ein wesentliches Belastungsszenario bei der Auslegung von Kernkraftwerken. Zur Untersuchung dieses Szenarios wurden umfassende Studien durchgeführt, welche die Reaktion von Stahlbetonkonstruktionen unter Stoßbelastung analysieren. Da großmaßstäbliche Experimente teuer und aufwendig sind, gewinnen skalierte Versuche zunehmend an Bedeutung. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojekts der TU Dresden und der BAM wurden Grundlagen für skalierte Impaktversuche im großen Maßstab geschaffen, um die Übertragbarkeit vom Labor- auf Realmaßstab zu ermöglichen. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Fallturm KW - Impakt KW - Stahlbetonbauteile PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613257 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 278 EP - 285 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61325 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Deresse, N. E. A1 - Thiele, Marc A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Sarem, M. A1 - Francois, St. A1 - Verstrynge, E. T1 - Evaluation of Concrete Fatigue Damage with Elastic Wave-based Measurement Techniques N2 - The fatigue damage evolution and the fatigue life of quasi-brittle materials such as concrete are not yet completely understood. Accordingly to get better insights, researchers have recently been incorporating advanced measuring techniques in their fatigue experiments. In this research, acoustic emission techniques (AET), active ultrasonic, and deformation measurements are used to track the damage evolution of concrete samples subjected to fatigue loading. The samples are subjected to constant amplitude and stepwise fatigue loading in Brazilian splitting test set-ups. Initially, a good agreement is observed between the deformation and the ultrasonic measurements in capturing the crack propagation during Brazilian splitting tests. The three fatigue damage phases could be identified with all of the three techniques. The Phase II damage rates quantified by deformation measurements and AET in stepwise fatigue tests were used to predict the number of cycles to failure at various stress levels. The predictions were validated using the number of cycles to failure of the constant amplitude fatigue tests. T2 - 36th Conference of the European Working Group on Acoustic Emission CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 18.09.2024 KW - Concrete KW - Acoustic emission KW - Ultrasonic testing KW - Fatigue PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-615677 DO - https://doi.org/10.58286/30228 SN - 1435-4934 VL - 29 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - NDT.net AN - OPUS4-61567 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stelzner, Ludwig A1 - Eiz Eddin, Ahmad A1 - Häßler, Dustin A1 - Hothan, Sascha ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Zum Feuerwiderstand von filigranen Deckenelementen aus vorgespanntem Carbonbeton N2 - Der Einsatz von hoch zugbeanspruchbarem und korrosionsbeständigem Carbongelege anstelle herkömmlichen Spannstahls ermöglicht es Beton vorzuspannen und gleichzeitig die Betondeckung auf ein für den Verbund nötiges Minimum zu reduzieren. Der Wechsel von massiven zu filigranen Bauteilen führt in der Regel aufgrund der geringeren thermischen Masse zu einer Abnahme des Feuerwiderstandes. Der Beitrag stellt Versuchsergebnisse zum Abplatzverhalten von Carbonbeton vor, die im Rahmen des Verbundvorhabens „Vorgespannte Carbonbetondecken mit reduzierten Querschnitten“ (CaPreFloor) erzielt wurden. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Feuerwiderstand KW - Carbonbeton KW - Abplatzverhalten KW - CaPreFloor PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613221 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 263 EP - 269 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61322 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krüger, Miriam E. A1 - Hilbig, Harald A1 - Stelzner, Ludwig A1 - Machner, Alisa T1 - Effect of the chemical composition of synthetic alkali-silica gels on their structure, swelling behavior and water uptake N2 - For alkali-silica reaction (ASR) gels, the relationship between swelling expansion, structure and chemical composition, particularly the effect of aluminum, remains unknown. This study investigates the structure, swelling expansion and associated water uptake of synthetic ASR gels with various Al/Si (0–0.1) and Ca/Si (0.1–0.4) ratios. The results show that aluminum incorporated into the gel structure reduces the overall swelling expansion and the leaching of silicate species during the swelling test. Moreover, they revealed that water in the Al-ASR gels is more tightly bound, reducing the overall water uptake compared to the Al-free ASR gels. Additionally, there is a linear correlation between the maximal swelling results and the ASR gel composition. However, no direct correlation emerged between the amount of water uptake and the free swelling of the ASR gels, which indicates that other factors, like the type of water bonding and pore size of the gels, are decisive for the swelling mechanism. KW - Concrete KW - Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) KW - Durability KW - 1H NMR relaxometry KW - 29Si NMR KW - 27Al NMR KW - FTIR KW - Al-ASR gel KW - Swelling test PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-624268 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2024.107596 VL - 184 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-62426 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Andrés Arcones, Daniel A1 - Weise, M. A1 - Koutsourelakis, P-S. A1 - Unger, Jörg F. T1 - Bias Identification Approaches for Model Updating of Simulation-based Digital Twins of Bridges N2 - Simulation-based digital twins of bridges have the potential not only to serve as monitoring devices of the current state of the structure but also to generate new knowledge through physical predictions that allow for better-informed decision-making. For an accurate representation of the bridge, the underlying models must be tuned to reproduce the real system. Nevertheless, the necessary assumptions and simplifications in these models irremediably introduce discrepancies between measurements and model response. We will show that quantifying the extent of the uncertainties introduced through the models that lead to such discrepancies provides a better understanding of the real system, enhances the model updating process, and creates more robust and trustworthy digital twins. The inclusion of an explicit bias term will be applied to a representative demonstrator case based on the thermal response of the Nibelungenbrücke of Worms. The findings from this work are englobed in the initiative SPP 100+, whose main aim is the extension of the service life of structures, especially through the implementation of digital twins. T2 - EWSHM 2024 11th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 10.06.2024 KW - Digital Twins KW - Model Bias KW - SPP100+ KW - Bridge Monitoring PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-622522 DO - https://doi.org/10.58286/30524 SN - 2941-4989 IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - NDT.net GmbH & Co. KG CY - Mayen, Germany AN - OPUS4-62252 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klewe, Tim A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Ritzer, Tobias A1 - Kruschwitz, Sabine T1 - Classification of Practical Floor Moisture Damage Using GPR - Limits and Opportunities N2 - Machine learning in non-destructive testing (NDT) offers significant potential for efficient daily data analysis and uncovering previously unknown relationships in persistent problems. However, its successful application heavily depends on the availability of a diverse and well-labeled training dataset, which is often lacking, raising questions about the transferability of trained algorithms to new datasets. To examine this issue closely, the authors applied classifiers trained with laboratory Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data to categorize on-site moisture damage in layered building floors. The investigations were conducted at five different locations in Germany. For reference, cores were taken at each measurement point and labeled as (i) dry, (ii) with insulation damage, or (iii) with screed damage. Compared to the accuracies of 84 % to 90 % within the laboratory training data (504 B-Scans), the classifiers achieved a lower overall accuracy of 53 % for on-site data (72 B-Scans). This discrepancy is mainly attributable to a significantly higher dynamic of all signal features extracted from on-site measurements compared to laboratory training data. Nevertheless, this study highlights the promising sensitivity of GPR for identifying individual damage cases. In particular the results showing insulation damage, which cannot be detected by any other non-destructive method, revealed characteristic patterns. The accurate interpretation of such results still depends on trained personnel, whereby fully automated approaches would require a larger and diverse on-site data set. Until then, the findings of this work contribute to a more reliable analysis of moisture damage in building floors using GPR and offer practical insights into applying machine learning to non-destructive testing for civil engineering (NDT-CE). KW - GPR KW - Material moisture KW - Building floor KW - Machine Learning PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-607932 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-024-01111-7 SN - 0195-9298 VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC AN - OPUS4-60793 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schönsee, Eric A1 - Jeyifous, Olubunmi Anthony A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Hüsken, Götz T1 - Investigations on multi-sensor data for monitoring volume flow during the printing process N2 - Extrusion based 3D concrete printing (3DCP) is a growing technology because of its high potential for automating construction and the new possibilities of design. In conventional construction methods, a sample is taken to be representative for one material batch. However, in 3DCP continuous mixing is used which results in variations during the mixing process. Therefore, one sample is not representative for the entire structure. This leads to the necessity of continuous and real-time process monitoring. This study focuses on the variations of pressure and temperature which are caused by changes in the material due to the ongoing mixing process. Changes in material, which is transported downstream, are influencing sensor signals in different positions with a time delay. In the following, the data is analysed to investigate if the changing material and the so caused change in pressure can be used to calculate volume flow. T2 - Digital Concrete 2024 CY - Munich, Germany DA - 04.09.2024 KW - Additive manufacturing KW - In-line Monitoring KW - Volume Flow KW - Process Control PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:084-2024081513042 DO - https://doi.org/10.24355/dbbs.084-202408151304-0 SP - 1 EP - 3 AN - OPUS4-61001 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartels, Jan-Hauke A1 - Xu, Ronghua A1 - Kang, Chongjie A1 - Herrmann, Ralf A1 - Marx, Steffen T1 - Experimental Investigation on the Transfer Behavior and Environmental Influences of Low-Noise Integrated Electronic Piezoelectric Acceleration Sensors N2 - Acceleration sensors are vital for assessing engineering structures by measuring properties like natural frequencies. In practice, engineering structures often have low natural frequencies and face harsh environmental conditions. Understanding sensor behavior on such structures is crucial for reliable masurements. The research focus is on understanding the behavior of acceleration sensors in harsh environmental conditions within the low-frequency acceleration range. The main question is how to distinguish sensor behavior from structural influences to minimize errors in assessing engineering structure conditions. To investigate this, the sensors are tested using a long-stroke calibration unit under varying temperature and humidity conditions. Additionally, a mini-monitoring system configured with four IEPE sensors is applied to a small-scale support structure within a climate chamber. For the evaluation, a signal-energy approach is employed to distinguish sensor behavior from structural behavior. The findings show that IEPE sensors display temperature-dependent nonlinear transmission behavior within the low-frequency acceleration range, with humidity having negligible impact. To ensure accurate engineering structure assessment, it is crucial to separate sensor behavior from structural influences using signal energy in the time domain. This study underscores the need to compensate for systematic effects, preventing the underestimation of vibration energy at low temperatures and overestimation at higher temperatures when using IEPE sensors for engineering structure monitoring. KW - Acceleration sensors KW - Environmental influence KW - IEPE KW - Structural Health Monitoring KW - Low-frequency shaker PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-594623 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8244/4/1/4/ DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/metrology4010004 SN - 2673-8244 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 65 PB - MDPI CY - Basel AN - OPUS4-59462 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klimek, André A1 - Stelzner, Ludwig A1 - Hothan, Sascha A1 - Zehfuß, Jochen T1 - Influence of thermal strain on concrete spalling N2 - Understanding the susceptibility to spalling of concrete members in case of fire is important to evaluate the residual load-bearing capacity. The investigations of the spalling phenomenon of a concrete mixture using real scale members are necessary but expensive to carry out. Reducing the specimen size leads to an increase of boundary effects that can result in a reduced spalling or absence of spalling. In this study, fire tests were carried out on unrestrained, single-sided exposed, cuboid shaped specimens (0.6 m x 0.6 m x 0.29 m) as well as unrestrained and steel ring restrained cylindrical specimens (Ø = 0.47 m, h = 0.29 m), which induce different boundary conditions. These fire tests were carried out on two ordinary concrete mixtures. The two mixtures differ only in the type of aggregates (quartz gravel and basalt grit) and were used to investigate the influence of the thermal expansion of the aggregate on the spalling behaviour of the concrete. The results show a significant increase of the spalling depth due to the restrained thermal expansion achieved by the applied steel rings. Additionally, the type of aggregate has a direct influence on the spalling behaviour of a concrete mixture. The reduction of the boundary effects by the steel rings recreate the test conditions in the centre of a large concrete member. Thus, this type of specimen is suitable to determine the susceptibility to spalling of a material (screening-tests) as preliminary investigations to full scale fire tests. KW - Spalling KW - Concrete KW - Fire test KW - Restraint KW - Screening test PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-593350 DO - https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-023-02274-x VL - 57 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-59335 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Glienke, R. A1 - Kalkowsky, F. A1 - Hobbacher, A. F. A1 - Holch, A. A1 - Thiele, Marc A1 - Marten, F. A1 - Kersten, R. A1 - Henkel, K.-M. T1 - Evaluation of the fatigue resistance of butt‑welded joints in towers of wind turbines - A comparison of experimental studies with small scale and component tests as well as numerical based approaches with local concepts N2 - Wind turbines are exposed to a high number of load cycles during their service lifetime. Therefore, the fatigue strength verification plays an important role in their design. In general, the nominal stress method is used for the fatigue verification of the most common used butt-welded joints. The Eurocode 3 part 1–9 is the current design standard for this field of application. This paper presents recent results of fatigue tests on small-scaled specimens and large components with transverse butt welds to discuss the validity of the FAT-class. Furthermore, results from numerical simulations for the verification with the effective notch stress and the crack propagation approach are used for comparison. Based on the consistency between the numerical results and the fatigue tests, the influence of the seam geometry on the fatigue resistance was investigated. Finally, a prediction of the fatigue strength of butt-welded joints with plate thicknesses up to 80 mm was carried out. KW - Transverse butt weld KW - Weld imperfections KW - Wind turbine tower KW - Fatigue strength KW - Local approaches KW - Large components KW - Wind energy PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-596648 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-023-01630-3 SN - 1878-6669 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-59664 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bühling, Benjamin A1 - Maack, Stefan A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph T1 - Fluidic Ultrasound Generation for Non‐Destructive Testing N2 - AbstractAir‐coupled ultrasonic testing (ACU) is a pioneering technique in non‐destructive testing (NDT). While contact testing and fluid immersion testing are standard methods in many applications, the adoption of ACU is progressing slowly, especially in the low ultrasonic frequency range. A main reason for this development is the difficulty of generating high amplitude ultrasonic bursts with equipment that is robust enough to be applied outside a laboratory environment. This paper presents the fluidic ultrasonic transducer as a solution to this challenge. This novel aeroacoustic source uses the flow instability of a sonic jet in a bistable fluidic switch to generate ultrasonic bursts up to 60 kHz with a mean peak pressure of 320 Pa. The robust design allows operation in adverse environments, independent of the operating fluid. Non‐contact through‐transmission experiments are conducted on four materials and compared with the results of conventional transducers. For the first time, it is shown that the novel fluidic ultrasonic transducer provides a suitable acoustic signal for NDT tasks and has potential of furthering the implementation of ACU in industrial applications.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved KW - Aeroacoustics KW - Air-coupled ultrasound KW - Fluidics KW - Harsh environment KW - Laser Doppler vibrometer KW - Non-destructive testing PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-594273 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202311724 SN - 0935-9648 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-59427 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wedel, F. A1 - Pitters, S. A1 - Herrmann, Ralf A1 - Schneider, Ronald A1 - Hille, Falk A1 - Hindersmann, I. T1 - Guideline for the strategic application of monitoring of road bridges in Germany N2 - Engineering structures are an important part of our transport infrastructure. Their failure is associated with high safety risks and economic damage. Ensuring the availability of these constructions and guaranteeing their operational safety are thus important tasks. Currently, maintenance of engineering structures is a reactive process and therefore not yet a predictive process. Every 3 to 6 years, the structures are visually inspected, all damages are documented and a condition grade is assigned to the structure based on the detected damages. Continuous data-providing methods such as monitoring are used only very occasionally. With the help of monitoring, condition data about the structures are continuously collected, which can be used for a better assessment of the structures. On the one hand, this would increase safety of engineering structures, and on the other hand, it makes the shift towards predictive maintenance management based on real-time data and predictions, where the onset of damage is detected before it occurs, possible in the first place. Monitoring plays therefore an important role in the management of the infrastructure. It is a crucial a step towards the digitalisation of our infrastructure and existing processes. Although there are many use cases for monitoring that have already been successfully implemented, monitoring is not yet widely used by German road authorities due to several challenges that were also identified within the scope of the project. Therefore, a guide has been developed in which the current obstacles related to monitoring are identified and possibilities for integrating monitoring into existing processes are offered. To ensure optimal alignment with the needs of road authorities, both an online survey and a workshop have been conducted. The results are summarised in a brochure that is made available to authorities to improve the use of monitoring in Germany. This paper presents the guideline and the brochure. T2 - 10th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring (EWSHM 2024) CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 10.06.2024 KW - Verkehrsinfrastrukturen KW - Engineering Structures KW - Bridges KW - Structural Health Monitoring KW - Guideline PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-612821 UR - https://www.ndt.net/search/docs.php3?id=29582 DO - https://doi.org/10.58286/29582 SN - 1435-4934 VL - 29 IS - 7 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - NDT.net GmbH & Co. KG CY - Mayen AN - OPUS4-61282 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Thiele, Marc A1 - Löhr, Manuel A1 - Loewe, Anna A1 - Degener, Sebastian A1 - Herrmann, Ralf T1 - Acoustic emission for monitoring of fatigue damage in concrete elements of wind turbine towers N2 - Wind energy has become an important player in the energy transition in Germany. Towers of onshore wind turbines are often designed as hybrid structures: the lower part is made of prestressed concrete whereas the upper part is made of steel tubes. The tall structures are permanently subjected to cyclic loads. A research project of BAM as part of the joint project WinConFat - Structure focusses on the evelopment of techniques to monitor fatigue damage evolution in the concrete part. Results of a previous project show that a combination of ultrasonic and acoustic emission testing can give an indication for critical conditions near the end of the fatigue life of the concrete. In the ongoing project acoustic emission sensors have been installed at the base and at the transition piece between concrete and steel of a hybrid wind turbine tower. Beside of acoustic emission measurement the sensor spacing allows for measuring the concrete ultrasonic velocity along the circumference in both levels. Additional measurements like strain, temperature, inclination, or acceleration allow for comparison of environmental loads and change of acoustic properties of the concrete. The paper focusses on first acoustic measurements recorded since December 2023 in comparison to operating data of the wind turbine. T2 - EWGAE2024: 36th Conference of the European Working Group on Acoustic Emission CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 18.09.2024 KW - Concrete fatigue monitoring KW - Acoustic emission KW - Ultrasound KW - Hybrid wind turbine tower PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-612197 DO - https://doi.org/10.58286/30234 SN - 1435-4934 VL - 29 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 9 AN - OPUS4-61219 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Munsch, Sarah Mandy A1 - Klewe, Tim A1 - Schumacher, K. A1 - Telong, Melissa A1 - Grobla, Lili A1 - Völker, C. A1 - Yared, K. A1 - Kruschwitz, Sabine ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Anwendung von KI für die Materialoptimierung im Bauwesen N2 - Diese Arbeit untersucht den Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in der Materialentwicklung für Beton, mit einem Fokus auf Karbonatisierungswiderstand, CO₂-Reduktion und Kostenoptimierung. Das KI-Tool SLAMD, das auf inverses Materialdesign setzt, konnte in Studien die Entwicklungszeit für Betonmischungen um bis zu 80 % verkürzen. Durch die Integration zusätzlicher 1H-Kernspinresonanz-Daten wurde der Prozess um weitere 40 % beschleunigt. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass der Einsatz von KI die Effizienz und Nachhaltigkeit in der Materialentwicklung signifikant steigern kann. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) KW - Materialoptimierung KW - Bauwesen PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-612949 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 192 EP - 200 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61294 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Unger, Jörg F. A1 - Tamsen, Erik A1 - Agrawal, A. A1 - Koutsourelakis, P.-S. ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Von Messdaten zum optimierten Bauteil durch Kombination von Material- und Strukturdesign N2 - Die Entwicklung eines optimierten Designs für Bauwerke erfordert die Berücksichtigung sowohl des Materials als auch des Strukturdesigns. Ziel des Beitrages ist die Vorstellung eines Designprinzips basierend auf automatisierten Workflows, das am Beispiel eines Biegebalkendesign zur Reduzierung des Treibhauspotenzials vorgestellt wird. Eine ganzheitliche Optimierung berücksichtigt Material- und Strukturdesign. Es werden physikalische Modelle mit Ansätzen aus dem maschinellen Lernen kombiniert, die mit experimentellen Daten kalibriert bzw. trainiert werden. Eine besondere Bedeutung hat dabei die Berücksichtigung von Unsicherheiten. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Materialdesign KW - Strukturdesign PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613003 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 209 EP - 217 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61300 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Telong, Melissa A1 - Zoriyatkha, Aida A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Rogge, Andreas ED - Meng, Birgit T1 - Beton-Datenmanagement anhand von wissensbasierten Datenstrukturen unter Nutzung von Ontologien und Wissensgraphen N2 - Im Rahmen der Entwicklung von Betonrezepturen, bei der Betonherstellung und während der Nutzungsphase im Bauwerk, wird eine Vielzahl von Materialdaten generiert. LeBeDigital (Lebenszyklus von Beton - Ontologie- Entwicklung für die Prozesskette der Betonherstellung) ist ein Verbundprojekt innerhalb der Initiative Plattform Material Digital. Das Projekt zielt darauf ab, eine Struktur für Betonmaterialdatenbanken zu entwickeln, die dem FAIR-Prinzip folgt und sowohl praxisnah als auch flexibel genug ist, um zukünftige Entwicklungen in der Betonforschung und -produktion zu unterstützen. Ontologien stellen ein geeignetes Werkzeug zur Generierung von Wissensgraphen dar, um Workflows zur automatisierten Datenerfassung und zur semantischen Datenabfrage zu gestalten. Daher ist die Erarbeitung betonspezifischer Ontologien zentraler Bestandteil des Verbundprojektes, das dazu beitragen will, die Vorrausetzungen für eine Teilhabe der Betonbranche am digitalen Wandel im Bereich der Materialforschung zu sichern. T2 - 11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.10.2024 KW - Beton-Datenmanagement PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-612984 SN - 978-3-9818564-7-7 SP - 201 EP - 208 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61298 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -