TY - CONF A1 - Heinekamp, Christian T1 - Metal fluoride surfaces by protonation with surface immobilized HF N2 - Lewis-acidic zirconium or chromium fluoride surfaces on different aluminium oxide or fluoride substrates. T2 - CRC 1349 Symposium 2021 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.11.2021 KW - HF KW - Heterogeneous catalysis PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-57226 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Karafiludis, Stephanos T1 - Recycled transition metal phosphates as functional materials for electrochemistry N2 - In the last decade transition metal phosphates (TMPs) captured major interest due to their high electrochemical activity useful for electrode materials, supercapacitors or batteries. Importantly, TMPs are known to exhibit high proton conductivity of the order of >10-2 -10-5 S/cm from 25°C to temperatures as high as 400°C. The crucial milestone in the research on the applicational use of TMPs in all their varieties is an ability to obtain, explore and optimize different compositions and structures, both crystalline and amorphous. Thus, we elucidate the structures of amorphous and crystalline Ni- and Co phosphate phases, as they develop upon heating. This method relies on the thermal decomposition of a crystalline M-struvite precursor, i.e. NH4MPO4•6H2O (M = Mg, Ni, Co, NixCo1-x etc. Here, coincidently volatile components such as H2O or NH3 degas out of the compound resulting in a phase transformation to amorphous or crystalline metal phosphate phases depending on the reaction conditions. For this we used a suite of advanced methods such as FTIR, FT-RS and synchrotron-based XAS. Ni-struvite transforms to amorphous phases over a broad range of temperatures (90°C < T < 600°C) in which it remains in an octahedral coordination environment. On the other hand, Co-struvite treatment leads to multiple crystalline phases with only small amounts of short-lived amorphous phases. Importantly, the occurring amorphous phases exhibit uniform mesoporous frameworks (2–5 nm wide pore channels, specific surface area of 100 m2g−1 and a pore volume of 0.13 cm3g−1) at low temperatures (<200°C) while the crystalline compounds can be used as proton conductors demonstrating values of >10-4 S/cm at 25°C. Consequently, we investigated the amorphization/evolution of mesoporosity, the proton-conducting properties and the complex local structure with in- and ex-situ approaches during thermal treatment. Additionally, to this low cost, environmentally friendly and simple one pot synthesis, the precursor M-struvites could grow as a recovery product from industrial waste waters. In such a way, they would to a recycling economy of sought-after commodities like phosphorus or transition metals. T2 - E-MRS Spring Conference 2023 CY - Strasbourg, France DA - 29.05.2023 KW - Struvite KW - Transition metals KW - Phosphates KW - Functional materials KW - Mesoporosity KW - Proton conductivity PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57587 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Trappe, Volker T1 - Roving-Alterung und mechanische Eigenschaften N2 - Im statistischen Mittel steht eine Windkraftanlage (WKA) in Deutschland alle 6 Jahre wegen eines Schadens an den Rotorblättern und verursacht Kosten von 20k€-40k€ infolge Ertragsausfall und Reparaturkosten. Bei über 30.000 WKA in Deutschland verursacht dies jährlichen Kosten von 100-200 Mio. €. Zu 70% sind die Ursachen Fertigungsfehler. Diesem Themenkomplex widmet sich FB-5.3 in Kooperation mit FBs der Zerstörungsfreien Prüfung (Abt. 8) schon seit Jahren. Im aktuellen Projekt geht es um einen vorzeitigen Verschleiß der Rotorblätter infolge der Verwendung gealterter Glasfaser-Rovings. (GF). Die Entwicklung moderner Windkraftanlagen hatte in Europa seinen Ursprung in den 90er Jahren. OEMs und GF-Hersteller waren dicht beisammen. Die Globalisierung des Marktes führt heute zu einer weltweiten Verschiffung der GF in feucht-warmen Containern. Je nach Beschaffenheit (Chemie) der Schlichten (Oberflächenbehandlung) von GF können diese stark altern (Hydrolyse-Effekte) und die Festigkeit kann im Bauteil um bis zu 50% abgemindert sein. In einer Kooperation mit der Rotorblattallianz, einem Zusammenschluss der OEMs, Halbzeugherstellern und Forschungsinstituten, wurden schon vor 5 Jahren in einem Forschungsprojekt (FB-5.3; VH 5538) die chemischen Mechanismen der Alterung exemplarisch für eine Glasfaser-Roving-Type aufgeklärt. Im aktuellen Projekt (FB-5.3; VH 5304) wird ein beschleunigtes Alterungsverfahren (erhöhte Temperatur und Feuchte) am Roving im un-impregnierten Zustand entwickelt und die Festigkeit nachfolgend nach Einbettung in eine Epoxid-Harz-Matrix bestimmt. Je nach Alterungszustand zeigt sich eine Abnahme der Zwischenfaserbruchfestigkeit von bis zu 50%. Nicht alle Glasfaser-Roving-Typen zeigen diesen Effekt. Es ist gelungen für OEMs und Halbzeughersteller ein handhabbares Verfahren zur innerbetrieblichen Qualitätssicherung zu entwickeln, da die wenigsten Firmen über komplexe Analyseverfahren, wie an der BAM, verfügen. T2 - Composite United - AG Faserverbund in der Windenergie CY - Braunschweig, Germany DA - 09.05.2023 KW - Faserkunststoffverbunde KW - Windenergie KW - Alterung PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58409 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wiesner, Yosri T1 - Metrological Observation of the Stability Performance of Reference Materials for Microplastic Analysis N2 - The formation of microplastic (MP) particles (1-1000 µm) is mostly related to physicochemical degradation processes of macroplastics. Photooxidative damage is often set as the initial degradation process, which leads to embrittlement of the plastics. Mechanical processes then lead to further fragmentation and the formation of MP particles. In the environment, this can be associated with UV exposure through direct radiation from the sun, which leads to radical formation in the polymer systems on the one hand and radical formation of oxygen on the other. The result is material embrittlement usually caused by chain shortening in the polymeric system. Due to specific ecosystem conditions, the damaged polymer is fragmented by erosive, abrasive processes or wave action. According to reference material topic for MP analysis, pristine and artificially weathered polymers are needed. Starting from granulate or macroplastics, these can be pulverised with different techniques, bottled and stored until usage. The bottled powders need to be homogen and stable over a defined time interval regarding to a specific property. This work deals with different polymer types, aged and non-aged. It tries to answer the question under which storage conditions polymers will be stable in particle size. The powders are characterized for chemical composition and shape with FTIR, DSC and SEM. Particle size distribution was measured by laser diffraction with wet and dry dispersion. Artificially pre-aged materials seem to be more vulnerable for further aging and less stable in particle size distribution measurements. T2 - SETAC Dublin– SETAC Europe 33nd Annual Meeting CY - Dublin, Ireland DA - 30.04.2023 KW - Reference material KW - Microplastics KW - Metrological Observation PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57475 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lukas, M. T1 - Artificial Plastic Ageing as a Framework for Microplastics Ecotoxicity Evaluation N2 - Microplastics are widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial environments, up to now less is known on toxicological impacts under realistic conditions. Research so far has focused mainly on the impacts on organisms by fresh plastic fragments or beats. However, plastic materials found in the environment are mainly a mixture of different polymers and particularly degraded during aging processes. Although especially oxidized degradation products might escape from plastic materials during aging, there is a lack of information on potentially adverse effects on aquatic biota. The latter is of particular interest as oxidized chemicals become more water soluble due to higher polarity and are more bio-available, therefore. The present study focussed on plastic leachates of polystyrene (PS) and polylactic acid (PLA), which were derived from alternating stress by hydrolysis and UV radiation. Test specimen of PS, PLA or PS/PLA blends (each 50 %) were alternatingly maintained in water at 45 °C for five days and UV radiated at 45 °C for two days, for in total six weeks. Ecotoxicological effects of potentially generated degradation products of plastic materials in the storage water (mineral water, pH: 7.2) were detected by algae growth inhibition tests with Desmodesmus suspicatus and photosystem II inhibition tests with Raphidocelis subcapitata. Results clearly indicate inhibitory effects on algae growth by contaminants in the storage water of stressed plastic materials with increasing growth inhibition of proceeding hydrolysis and UV stress times. Here, different plastics cause variable responses of algal growth. First chemical analyses indicate dissolved monomers and their oxidation products of plastic materials as possible driver of detected ecotoxicological effects, since detected microplastic particles do not seem to harm algae. The existing data highlight the relevance of plastic aging as a framework for microplastic ecotoxicity evaluation and allow a proof of concept. T2 - SETAC 2023 CY - Dublin, Ireland DA - 30.04.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - Ecotoxicity KW - Plastic aging KW - Algae growth inhibition tests PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57501 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Linberg, Kevin T1 - Controlled Polymorphism by Elevated Temperature Ball Milling N2 - Mechanochemistry provides polymorphs that are difficult to obtain by conventional solution-based methods. Based on the nicotinamide and pimelic acid cocrystal, we demonstrated that the ball size, frequency, and temperature are essential parameters. Our results indicate that fine-tuning the energy input during a mechanochemical reaction can provide control over polymorphism. T2 - Bessy User Meeting 2023 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 22.06.2023 KW - Mechanochemistry KW - Temperature KW - Cocrystal KW - Energy input KW - Polymorph PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57985 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Heinekamp, Christian T1 - Zirconium chloro fluoride as catalyst for C-F bond activation and HF transfer of fluoroalkanes N2 - In this work, we successfully synthesized amorphous zirconium chloro fluoride (ZCF), which exhibits medium lewis acidity. In addition to investigating the local coordination sphere around the Zr atoms and the material properties, we were able to establish a catalytic behavior of ZCF in C-F bond activation reactions. We present a heterogeneous catalyst that performs dehydrofluorination of a fluoroalkane and consecutive hydrofluorination of an alkyne at room temperature. T2 - MC 16 CY - Dublin, Ireland DA - 03.07.2023 KW - ZCF KW - Heterogeneous catalysis KW - C-F bond activation PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58052 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Miclea, P.-T. T1 - Micro- and nanoplastic particle number and mass-based analysis on a plastic-free size-selective two stage Si membrane filtration cascade N2 - The poster presents a Si wafer filter development as two stage cascade and the adapter for microplastics filtration. T2 - SETAC Europe 2023 CY - Dublin, Ireland DA - 30.04.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - Filtration KW - TED-GC/MS KW - Polymer 3R KW - Cascade filtration PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57461 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Miclea, P.-T. T1 - Real-life airborne micro- and nano-plastic particles and fibres on a porous membrane filter system from a textile factory suitable for both: vibrational and mass spectrometry N2 - The poster presents an application of Si wafer filter system on indoor air sampling. A textile factory producing PP fibres was sampled. T2 - SETAC Europe 2023 CY - Dublin, Ireland DA - 30.04.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - Polymer 3R KW - Textile fibres KW - Si wafer filter KW - Microplastics sampling PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57462 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Altmann, Korinna T1 - Overview of CUSP and PlasticTrace N2 - The presentation summarises the work of CUSP and PlasticTrace EU joint research projects of the last year. T2 - Microplastics Scientific Workshop of PlasticsEurope CY - Amsterdam, The Netherlands DA - 08.05.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - Microplastics standardisation KW - Reference materials KW - Polymer 3R PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57460 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Altmann, Korinna T1 - Material Selection Strategy N2 - This poster is a summary of the material used in the PlasticsFatE project. It indicates the strategies for testing of various polymer properties next to each other according to risk and hazard assessment. T2 - CUSP annual meeting and conference CY - Utrecht, Netherlands DA - 12.09.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - CUSP KW - Material selection PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58311 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hoell, A. T1 - On the usage of anomalous SAXS to analyzethe structure and composition of bimetallic nanoparticles and quantum dots N2 - Tailor-made nanoparticles are of increasing interest in e.g. catalysis, as sensor materials, analytical assays, or can have superior photophysical properties. A major issue concerning the preparation of high-quality and functional nanoparticles is a good control of particle size, shape, polydispersity, and composition. Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) is a non-destructive method for the analysis of nanostructures in a wide variety of materials. This method allows determining averaged structural parameters on a length scale from just above atomic sizes up to several 100 nanometers such as sizes, size distributions, volume fractions, and inner surface sizes. Moreover, anomalous Small Angle X-ray Scattering (ASAXS) exploits the anomalous dispersion of the scattering amplitudes near the X-ray absorption edges of the elements contained in the sample. These element sensitive contrast variations can be used to analyse average composition fluctuations on the nm scale. Two kinds of nanoparticles are chosen here to elaborate the advantages of ASAXS in the analysis of complex materials. A facile and efficient methodology is developed for the thermal synthesis of size-tunable, stable, and uniform bimetallic NiCu core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) for various application in catalysis. Their diameter can be tuned in a range from 6 nm to 30 nm and the Ni:Cu ratio is adjustable in a wide range from 1:1 to 30:1. The NPs are structurally characterized by a method combination of transmission electron microscopy, anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering (ASAXS), X-ray absorption fine structure, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Here, we focus on the ASAXS method and its ability to analyses nanostructure parts and their compositions at once. As a result, a NiCu alloyed core surrounded by a Ni enriched shell and an outer NiO shell was found. Semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots, QDs) are well known for their superior photophysical properties and enabled advancements in several key technologies of the 21st century and numerous technological applications like in photovoltaics, LED displays, photocatalysis, and biosensing. To achieve high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) and enhanced photostability the QD core needs to be passivated by a second semiconductor, which possess a larger band gap to confine the charges within the QD core. An important parameter is thereby the lattice mismatch between the core and shell. To avoid strong lattice strain, which would alter the photophysical properties, an intermediary shell can be used as a lattice adapter between the core and the outer shell leading to core/shell/shell systems. These systems have shown to possess high PLQYs combined with a strong long-term stability and can be found in modern QLED displays. ASAXS was used here to better understand the core/shell/shell structure of InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs to enable a correlation between their structural and photophysical properties. T2 - IUCr - International Union of Crystallography CY - Melbourne, Australia DA - 22.08.2023 KW - ASAXS KW - Quantum dot KW - Core/shell materials KW - Safer by design PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58812 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Altmann, Korinna T1 - Current projects in risk assessment and harmonisation N2 - The talk gives an overview about EU projects currently running for risk assessment and harmonisation in microplastic analysis. T2 - Micro- and Nanoplastics CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 01.11.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - Harmonisation in microplastics KW - Polymer 3R PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58766 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Insights into materials with hard x-rays: capabilities of the bamline N2 - This contribution provides an overview of the BAMline synchrotron radiation beamline, which specializes in hard X-ray spectroscopy techniques for materials research. The BAMline offers X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and tomography to study materials' electronic structure, chemical composition, and structure. Key capabilities include standard and dispersive XAS for electronic structure, micro-XRF for elemental mapping, coded aperture imaging, and depth-resolved grazing exit XAS. The BAMline enables in situ characterization during materials synthesis and functions for energy, catalysis, corrosion, biology, and cultural heritage applications. Ongoing developments like the implementation of machine learning techniques for experiment optimization and data analysis will be discussed. For instance, Bayesian optimization is being used to improve beamline alignment and scanning. An outlook to the future, where the BAMline will continue pioneering dynamic and multi-scale characterization, aided by advanced data science methods, to provide unique insights into materials research, will be given. T2 - μ-XRF at Elettra 2.0: challenges and opportunities CY - Trieste, Italy DA - 11.09.2023 KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF KW - XANES KW - Bayes PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58607 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Visileanu, E. T1 - Methods for the collection and characterization of airborne particles in the textile industry N2 - The presentation summarizes possibilities to sample airborne micro and nanoplastic particles. An example of a textil company is shown. T2 - 5th International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future Trends and Applications (IHSED 2023 CY - Dubrovnik, Croatia DA - 27.09.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - Polymer 3R KW - Textile company PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58561 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kittner, Maria T1 - Bewertung der Freisetzung von Mikroplastik aus Sportböden auf Kunststoffbasis N2 - Projektvorstellung "Bewertung der Freisetzung von Mikroplastik aus Sportböden auf Kunststoffbasis": Motivation, Konzept, Umsetzung, erste analytische Ergebnisse der TED-GC/MS T2 - 24. Projekttage der Zukunft Bau Forschungsförderung CY - Bonn, Germany DA - 13.06.2023 KW - Mikroplastik KW - TED-GC/MS KW - Kunststoffrasen KW - Lysimeter KW - Beschleunigte Alterung PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58441 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kittner, Maria T1 - Bewertung der Freisetzung von Mikroplastik aus Sportböden auf Kunststoffbasis N2 - Projektvorstellung "Bewertung der Freisetzung von Mikroplastik aus Sportböden auf Kunststoffbasis": Konzept, Umsetzung, erste Mikroplastik-Ergebnisse. T2 - Projektbegleitkreissitzung des Projektes "Ermittlung und Minderung von Mikroplastik- und Schadstoffemissionen von Kunststoffrasen-Sportplätzen (MiMiK)“ CY - Sittensen, Germany DA - 25.09.2023 KW - Mikroplastik KW - TED-GC/MS KW - Kunststoffrasen KW - Lysimeter KW - Beschleunigte Alterung PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58442 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Heinekamp, Christian T1 - A fluorolytic sol-gel route to access an amorphous Lewis-acidic Zr fluoride catalyst N2 - The Kemnitz et al. developed a fluorolytic route to access metal fluorides 1 such as AlF3 2 and MgF2 3 which possess a high surface area. In aluminium-based systems, the synthetic approach led to amorphous xerogels that can be further converted into Lewis superacids.2 Still, despite zirconium oxide being described as a stronger Lewis acid than other metal oxides4 zirconium fluoride-based materials have only recently been reported or investigated. In this work we extend the class of amorphous Lewis acidic heterogeneous catalysts to an amorphous ZrF4 that is active in C-F bond activation. T2 - CRC 1349 Summer School 2023 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 28.08.2023 KW - ZrF4 KW - Heterogeneous catalysis KW - C-F bond activation KW - Postfluorination PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58638 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hein-Paar, Jakob T1 - Spectroscopic Insights into the Reactivity of Energetic Materials N2 - Energetic materials (explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, and gas generators; EM) release large amounts of energy when initiated by mechanical loading and have many technological applications including in energy storage and propulsion. The accidental initiation of an EM – particularly in the wrong setting – has the potential to be catastrophic. Unfortunately, there is little understood about what determines the sensitivity of a given EM. This poses severe restrictions on our ability to design new and safer EMs. Aiming to better understand the initiation mechanisms of EMs, we here investigate the reactivity of simple, isomorphous azides (MN3 M=Li, Na). Both metal azides contain the same explosophoric azido anions, but differ significantly in their reactivity, presumably owing to different bonding interactions between the anion and the metal cation. This interaction offers a promising probe for X-ray spectroscopy and quantum chemical simulations. In noting that mechanical initiation results from mechanical impact – with high local pressures – we are particularly interested in identifying how this bonding interaction changes as a function of pressure. This interaction offers a promising probe for X-ray spectroscopy and quantum chemical simulations. In noting that mechanical initiation results from mechanical impact – with high local pressures – we are particularly interested in identifying how this bonding interaction changes as a function of pressure. Here we show results from DFT simulations that indicate a shift in electronic structure and changes in the metal-azide bond with increasing pressure, which is further investigated through experimental XAS spectra. Together, our results show promising insights into the behaviour of simple metal azide EMs. T2 - SXR2023 - Principles of Functionality From Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 11.09.2023 KW - Energetic materials PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58824 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - van den Berg, A. A1 - Adriaans, K. A1 - Hoppener, E. A1 - Parker, L. A1 - Boersma, A. A1 - Altmann, Korinna A1 - Legler, J. A1 - Pieters, R. T1 - Inflammation-related key events stimulated by micro- and nanoplastics N2 - The presence of micro- and nanoplastic particles (MNP) in our environment has raised increasing public and political concern. Increasing evidence suggests that humans are exposed to these MNP, mostly via inhalation or ingestion. The EC-Horizon project POLYRISK (https://polyrisk.science) aims to establish an IATA/AOP-based tiered approach to assess human health risks of MNP. In our research, we focus on assessing immunotoxicological effects of MNP. We have tested a series of primary, secondary, environmentally aged (incubated in River Rine water) and chemically altered MNP for their potential to affect dendritic cells or macrophages. MNP used in this study include primary and weathered PS, secondary PVC, PA, PP (with or without talc) and PE. The secondary PE and PP (w/o talc) particles appeared to have oxidized groups on their surface. Data shows that MNP can be engulfed by macrophages (PMA-stimulated human THP1 cells) and human blood-derived dendritic cells (DCs). The effects of virgin as well as secondary MNP (0, 10 or 100 μg/ml) on THP1 macrophages were limited to decrease of mitochondrial activity (Alamar blue), increase of cellular leakage (LDH), and stimulation of lysosomal activity. None of these MNP stimulated gene expression of NFκB or release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFα, IL-1β). On the other hand, secondary PP and PE with oxidized surface groups did increase NFκB gene expression and release of cytokines by THP1 macrophages. Virgin and weathered PS particles were tested using DCs, and only weathered PS did stimulate DC activity (increased costimulatory molecules CD83, CD86) and as consequence allogeneic T cells. DC activation appeared to result from environmental contaminants. In conclusion, of all MNPs tested only those that contained active surface groups or environmental components appeared to be immunostimulatory, whereas primary and secondary MNP rather reduced macrophage activity and viability (at relatively high concentrations of 100 μg/ml). Further research is needed to reveal molecular mechanisms and to translate in vitro findings to real-world exposure scenarios. T2 - 58th Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology (EUROTOX 2024) CY - Copenhagen, Denmark DA - 08.09.2024 KW - Micro- and nanoplastic particles (MNP) KW - Human health risks KW - Immunotoxicological effects PY - 2024 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.07.052 AN - OPUS4-63363 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rossi, A T1 - Lactose Tablets as Suitable Microplastics Reference Material to Support Validation Studies and Quality Control N2 - One of the main challenges in validating microplastics detection methods is the lack of suitable reference materials that accurately reflect the properties of interest. To bridge this gap, the EU-funded PlasticTrace project has developed water-soluble tablets containing precisely defined amounts of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles. Each tablet includes a specific mass (0.2, 18.5, or 400 µg) and particle count (151 or 1764, measured via Raman spectroscopy). Production follows a rigorous solid-phase dilution process, ensuring high reproducibility and quality control. The PET particles used in these tablets have an average size of approximately 40 µm, with a range between 10 and 200 µm, and an irregular, stone-like shape. All measurements align with ISO/TC 147/SC 2 standardization efforts and adhere to ISO/DIS 16094-2 and ISO/DIS 16094-3. To assess tablet homogeneity, the most widely accepted microplastics detection techniques, i.e. µ-FTIR, µ-Raman, Py-GC/MS, and TED-GC/MS, were applied. Different batches were produced, each containing varying particle numbers and masses, reaching the detection limits of the methods used. The results demonstrated excellent consistency between tablets, successfully passing homogeneity tests. Furthermore, no significant changes were observed in the tablets' composition or stability after six months of storage. This innovative reference material represents an important advancement in microplastics analysis, supporting laboratories in meeting EU Commission requirements for the monitoring of microplastics in drinking water and wastewater with greater accuracy and reliability. The production process can be transferred for other plastic particles is this size range. T2 - BERM 16 CY - Halifax, Canada DA - 01.06.2025 KW - Microplastics KW - TED-GC/MS KW - Reference materials KW - Raman microscopy PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63403 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Fernández-González, V. T1 - Innovations in Microplastic Measurement: A Pyrolysis Approach for a Polyethylene Terephthalate Reference Material N2 - In the framework of the PlasticTrace project, in which a reference material for PET microplastics will be proposed, a method using pyrolysis and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection (Py-GC-MS) is developed to quantify the mass of PET microplastics (10-100 µm) in tablets at two different concentration levels. The overall aim of this project is to develop international metrological capacity that enables the traceable measurement and characterization of SMPs and NPs in environmental and food samples and the production of suitable reference materials, according to the metrological requirements (https://plastictrace.eu/). The proposed method consists of dissolving the tablet containing the PET microplastics in milli-Q water and filtering the solution using a glass microfiber membrane 13 mm filter size, 1.6 µm pore size. After filtering and several washes to ensure complete dissolution of the tablet and recovery of all PET microplastics, the filter is removed, folded, and placed in a capsule of the pyrolyzer for direct Py-GC/MS analysis. Two main markers were selected for PET quantification: vinyl benzoate and benzoic acid, with consistent concentrations found for both at high PET concentrations (≈400 µg) (24% RSD, n=17), but interferences with the matrix and vinyl benzoate were found at low concentrations (≈17 µg PET), with only benzoic acid being valid as a marker in this case (22% RSD, n=10). As an alternative to the quantification of PET microplastics in tablets at low concentrations, derivatization is proposed, for which tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution (TMAH) is added directly into the pyrolysis cap. The PET marker in this case is dimethyl terephthalate, with which good results have also been found (19.6% RSD, n=10 ). The proposed method is robust, simple, with high automation and very little sample handling and treatment, and allows the analysis of PET microplastics (>10 µm) in tablets with excellent accuracy and precision even at very low concentrations. T2 - SETAC Europe 2025 CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 11.05.2025 KW - Microplastics KW - Nanoplastics KW - GC/MS PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63383 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kühnel, D. T1 - Micro and nanoplastics (MNP) a wish list for reliable determination of the risks for humans N2 - The assessment of risks to human health from micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) and their associated chemicals is hampered by significant uncertainties and data gaps regarding human exposure, biological fate and potential health effects. There is also a notable lack of validated test MNPs, natural particles to serve as reference controls, and lack of harmonised toxicological assessment methods specifically designed for the unique properties of MNPs. These limitations contribute to data scarcity and further complicate exposure and hazard assessment for MNP and their associated chemicals. The European research cluster CUSP (https://cusp-research.eu/) aims to fill these gaps by providing reliable data and suggests approaches for assessing human exposure and health risks associated with MNPs and their associated chemicals, including contaminants. As part of this initiative, five projects address the health risks of MNPs from different perspectives, focusing on different exposure pathways and health effects. In particular, the PlasticsFatE project (https://www.plasticsfate.eu/) structures the data requirements and developes strategies to overcome both general and material-specific barriers to MNP in hazard and risk assessment. Based on safety research on engineered nanomaterials, which has shown that it is impossible to experimentally test all MNP variants and their chemical mixtures, CUSP emphasises the need for pragmatic approaches. These approaches aim to effectively utilize knowledge from nanomaterial research, emphasize the reuse of generated data on fate and effects of MNPs, as well as identify and address data and knowledge gaps along with uncertainties, while considering the specific properties of MNPs and test approaches. This poster provides a structured overview of the current challenges in the risk assessment of micro- and nanoplastics and introduces the first step of categorising the different types of obstacles. Specific strategies to overcome these different types of challenges will be presented. T2 - SETAC Europe 2025 CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 11.05.2025 KW - Microplastics KW - Nanoplastics PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63385 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Booth, A. T1 - Production of a 1-10 μm polypropylene reference material for development of analytical methods N2 - The poster is about the preparation of microplastics in the size range of 1-10 µm. These size range of particles can be inhalded and therefore be toxic for humans. The preparation is done by comminution of PP pellets and sieving. Characterisation occured for size with laser diffraction, for type with FTIR and for shape with SEM. T2 - SETAC Europe 2025 CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 11.05.2025 KW - Microplastics KW - Reference materials PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63367 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Miclea, P.-T. T1 - Novel laser pre-structured silicon filters for microplastics analysis N2 - This research presents a novel laser-assisted approach to silicon filter fabrication, offering an effective alternative to traditional photolithographic processes. By integrating selective femtosecond laser irradiation with photoelectrochemical etching, we achieved precisely controlled pore geometries, overcoming common challenges in filter production for microplastic and nanoscale filtration suitable for microplastic number and mass analysis. T2 - SETAC Europe 2025 CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 11.05.2025 KW - Microplastics KW - Nanoplastics KW - Raman microspectroscopy PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63384 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Putzu, Mara T1 - Optimization of production process for microplastics reference materials N2 - Microplastics (MP) are defined as plastic particles mainly consisting of polymers in the size range of 1 to 1000 µm. They can be found in a wide range of environmental matrices but also in food products, indicating a potential risk on humans and environment. Plastic debris in the environment or food chain are extremely complex in terms of size, concentration, polymer type, levels of physiochemical degradation and undefined morphologies which makes their isolation and detection in complex matrices challenging. Analytical detection methods and techniques to identify and quantify microplastics in environmental and food matrices are numerous but validated and standardized methods are currently lacking. To close this research gap, reference materials (RMs) and representative sample preparation approaches are urgently needed. Homogeneity and stability are two crucial characteristics for the certification process of the reference materials. For this purpose, we aim to present ways to prepare reference materials containing very low masses of close-to reality plastic particles with broad size distribution (10-100 µm) that are homogeneously distributed in tablet-to-tablet variation and stable over time. Our work is based on the ISO Guide 30:2015 and ISO Guide 35:2017 to fulfil the criteria set in future standards ISO/DIS 16094-2 and ISO/DIS 16094-3. The property of interest will be the mass detected by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, informative values will be achieved by mass-based technique TED-GC/MS and spectroscopic microscopy techniques, such as µ-FTIR spectroscopy and µ-Raman. T2 - SETAC Europe 2025 CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 11.05.2025 KW - Microplastics KW - Reference materials KW - TED-GC/MS PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63386 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard T1 - Holistic Experimentation in the HExX-Lab N2 - Through bottom-up, comprehensive digitalisation of all aspects of an experiment, the HEX-lab improves the trustworthiness (traceability, reproducibility, quality) of scientific findings. The five main parts that make up a materials science experiment, i.e. Sample preparation, Measurements, Processing, Analysis, and Interpretation, each have been addressed in thorough and unique ways in this lab, building up a foundation for a wide range of materials science collaborations. Improvements span the spectrum. Hardware developments include new sample environments and stages, such as grazing incidence motion towers, electrochemistry cells and flow-through holders, electronic components such as safety interlocks and multipurpose I/O controllers, and liquid handling systems such as coolant flow cross-over systems. Software developments include: 1) a new comprehensive control system operating on both the RoWaN as well as the MOUSE allowing for full Python control and sequencing of all experimentation, 2) Automated scripts for instrument optimization, sample alignments and measurements, 3) revamped data pipelines and analysis software, standalone or launched as part of operations sequencing dashboards on servers, and 4) meticulously structured archival datafiles, fully documenting sample preparation, measurements, processing and analyses. These allow for holistic databases and dashboards to be constructed to investigate the links between synthesis parameters and resulting morphology. This poster will highlight some of the tools and techniques developed and available in the HEX-lab over the years, from sample environments to overarching experiment and data organisation structures. T2 - Materials Science Core Facility Synergy Forum 2025 CY - Bremen, Germany DA - 26.02.2025 KW - Digitalization KW - Holistic experiments KW - Traceability KW - Data provenance PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62675 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ryll, Tom William T1 - In-situ analysis of nucleation processes – case study: calcium sulfate N2 - In this project we investigate nucleation pathways by utilizing synchrotron-XRD and running a case-study on calcium sulfate phases. To accomplish this, we developed a modular automation setup for reactions in solution to run synthesis and control reaction conditions. So far we successfully characterized the recycling process of gypsum and are now investigating the formation of anhydrite. T2 - BESSY@HZB User Meeting CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 02.12.2025 KW - Recycling KW - Gypsum KW - Synchrotron-X-ray-diffraction KW - Raman-spectroscopy KW - Automation PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65344 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Herzel, Hannes T1 - Thermochemische P-Rückgewinnungsverfahren in Deutschland zur Düngerproduktion N2 - Die Firma Emter GmbH betreibt die Klärschlammverbrennungsanlage Altenstadt und hat in die bestehende Monoverbrennung einen thermochemischen Prozess integriert, um hochwirksame und schadstoffarme Düngemittel aus Klärschlamm herzustellen. Die Anlage ist aktuell die größte Phosphorrecyclinganlage in Deutschland mit der die Vorgaben der AbfKlärV bereits frühzeitig umgesetzt werden. Das Projekt R-Rhenania begleitet die Phosphorrecyclinganlage mit Untersuchungen zur Produktqualität, mit Gefäßversuchen und Feldversuchen im ökologischen Landbau, mit Ökobilanzierung und der Konfektionierung verschiedener Düngemittelprodukte. Viele Klärschlammaschen haben geringe Schwermetallgehalte und sind geeignet durch vergleiche thermochemische Prozesse behandelt zu werden. Mit den Daten aus dem Klärschlammasche-Monitoring der BAM können die Potentiale für die Verwertung der Aschen in den thermochemischen Prozessen wie AshDec oder CaNaPhos abgeschätzt werden. T2 - DWA Klärschlammnetzwerk Nord-Ost CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 21.01.2026 KW - Phosphor KW - Recycling KW - Thermochemisch KW - Großtechnik PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65611 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Seifert, Lando T1 - Grundlagen Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz N2 - Im Rahmen des jungen gfkorr Events an der Universität Kassel in diesem Jahr wurde der Grundlagenvortrag vor Young Professionals und Studierenden vorgestellt. Die BAM beschäftigt sich im Fachbereich 7.6 schwerpunktmäßig mit der Korrosionsprüfung, den Korrosionsschäden und -reaktionen rund um Anwendungsfälle der Hauptkonstruktionswerkstoffe Stahl, verzinkter Stahl, Nichtrostende Stähle und Aluminium in relevanten Umgebungsbedingungen. Der Impulsvortrag sollte die Faszination für die Korrosion übermitteln. Dabei wurde anhand von Schadensfällen grundlegende Mechanismen und Haupteinflussfaktoren erörtert. Gestartet wurde mit einem prominenten Versagensfall und Beispiel für Spaltkorrosion aus der Luftfahrt... T2 - die junge gfkorr @ Universität Kassel CY - Kassel, Germany DA - 02.03.2026 KW - Korrosion KW - Korrosionsschutz KW - Stahl KW - Zink KW - Aluminium KW - Nichtrostende Stähle KW - Korrosivität KW - Spaltkorrosion PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65614 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Thoralf A1 - Ebell, Gino T1 - Einsturz der Carola-Brücke - Neue Erkenntnisse zur Schadensursache N2 - Spannstahlbrücken die in der Vergangenheit mir vergüteten Spannstählen errichtet worden sind können unter ungünstigen Gegebenheiten bei deren Erstellung signifikante Probleme hinsichtlich der Tragfähigkeit bekommen. Im Speziellen kann die wasserstoffinduzierte Spannungsrisskorrosion hier bei der Errichtung der Brückenbauwerke Anrisse an den Spanndrähten erzeugt haben die Jahre später zum Versagen der Brücke führen können. Die Präsentation im Speziellen behandelt den Teileinsturz der Carolabrücke in Dresden. T2 - Sitzung des gfkorr-Arbeitskreises "Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz von Eisen und Stahl" CY - Duisburg, Germany DA - 03.03.2026 KW - Spannstahl KW - Spannungsrisskorrosion KW - Spannbetonbauwerke KW - Wasserstoff PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65618 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lohrke, Heiko T1 - Combined GNSS/Visual Inter-Robot Tracking Method for Open-Path Gas Tomography N2 - Methane emissions are a significant environmental and safety concern, yet many gas tomography systems intended to measure them require manual alignment, reliable high-bandwidth links, or fiducials. We present a lightweight, fully autonomous framework enabling line-of-sight inter-robot Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) measurements without such constraints. A sensor robot equipped with a gimbal-mounted TDLAS unit tracks a reflector robot bearing an illuminated, color-controllable target. Coarse localization is achieved via RTK-GNSS, with vision-based fine tracking and passive time synchronization handled onboard. The system, based on off-the-shelf Pixhawk controllers and ArduPilot firmware, was validated in a 15m × 7m outdoor trial. Despite GNSS inaccuracies and deliberate occlusion by a methane-filled bag, the system retained lock, recovered from visual loss in under one second, and captured a 2800 ppm·m plume signature. These results demonstrate robust, scalable methane sensing for mobile gas tomography or standalone leak detection. Core components are released open-source to support future deployment. T2 - IEEE SENSORS 2025 CY - Vancouver, BC, Canada DA - 19.10.2025 KW - Gas tomography KW - Tracking KW - Robot KW - Methane KW - TDLAS PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65617 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Sarah-K. T1 - Second Life Batterien - Alterungsverhalten und Brandversuche N2 - Der Vortrag gibt zunächst einen Themeneinstieg in den Bereich der Second-Life-Batterien sowie rechtliche und technische Grundlagen zu Lebenszyklus und Alterung. Im Weiteren werden experimentelle Ergebnisse aus Versuchen zum thermischen Durchgehen mit Batteriemodulen aus dem BMBF-Vorhaben SEE-2L vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus wird ein eigens entwickelter Ausbildungsdemonstrators vorgestellt, welcher einen wesentlichen Baustein des Ergebnistransfers aus dem Vorhaben darstellt. T2 - 19. Fachkonferenz Lithiumbatterien CY - Göttingen, Germany DA - 26.01.2026 KW - Auswirkungsbetrachtungen KW - Elektrische Energiespeicher KW - Lithium-Ionen-Batterie KW - Second Life KW - Thermisches Durchgehen PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65621 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bayat, Mehmet Emin T1 - Traceable dynamic and gravimetric preparation of trace ammonia in hydrogen gas standards for ISO 14687 N2 - Trace ammonia impurities in hydrogen fuel poison proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), causing irreversible performance degradation. Accurate quantification of ammonia in so-called Grade D hydrogen fuel is crucial for ensuring PEMFCs long-term operational stability and performance. According to ISO 14687 grade D hydrogen fuel sets a stringent threshold value of just 100 nmol/mol for ammonia impurities. Given the potential of an ammonia-based hydrogen supply chain, reliable quantification of ammonia contamination appears even more relevant. Hydrogen quality assessments for ammonia impurities typically employ techniques such as gas chromatography, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, or mass spectrometry. These techniques, however, require stable reference gases for calibration and long-term method validation. Typically, gravimetrically produced reference gases are used. However, ammonia poses unique challenges due to its chemical reactivity and stickiness. By applying (ultra )long-path Optical Feedback Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy we observed that above a certain amount of ammonia, the gravimetric amount deviates from the analytically determined amount. This discrepancy most likely arises due to strong adsorption of ammonia onto the inner surface of the gas cylinder. Therefore, we investigated the lowest gravimetrically preparable amount of ammonia in hydrogen for which the analytically measured amount of the cylinder remains congruent with the gravimetric amount of substance. We further investigated the applicability of passivated cylinders for trace ammonia gas standards and compared their performance to aluminum alloy cylinders. To confirm reproducibility of our results, we conducted three independent gravimetric preparation campaigns, each employing optimizations, or changes in methodology, at different times. Finally, we investigated whether those gravimetrically prepared trace amounts of ammonia in hydrogen gas standards were long-term-stable. Beyond gravimetrically prepared gas standards, we evaluated how a cutting-edge dynamic dilution system could reliably extend trace-ammonia calibration down to the ISO limit of 100 nmol/mol. For this purpose, we developed an advanced dynamic dilution system capable of a one-in-a-billion dilution ratio, validated for its SI traceability, reproducibility, and operational limits by applying an internal standard. In summary, our results demonstrate that precise dynamic dilution, coupled with concentrated gravimetrically prepared ammonia gas mixture, provides a route to full SI-traceable trace-ammonia reference sample gases. T2 - Gas Analysis Symposium 2026 CY - Paris, France DA - 27.01.2026 KW - Ammonia KW - Hydrogen KW - Gravimetric preparation KW - OF-CEAS KW - ISO 14687 PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65620 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gleim, Tobias T1 - Großbrandversuche von Elektrofahrzeugen zum Transport Gefährlicher Güter N2 - Der zunehmende Einsatz von batterieelektrischen Transportfahrzeugen (Battery Electric Transport Vehicles – BETVs) im Verkehrswesen wirft Sicherheitsfragen beim Transport gefährlicher Güter auf. Obwohl Batteriebrände auf Zell-, Modul- und Fahrzeugebene umfassend untersucht wurden, fehlen systematische Daten zu deren thermischen Auswirkungen auf Gefahrgutverpackungen. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, führt die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) auf ihrem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit (BAM-TTS) groß angelegte Brandtests durch, in denen konservative Unfallszenarien mit unterschiedlichen Zellchemien und -kapazitäten nachgestellt werden. Die Tests kombinieren fahrzeugbedingte Brandlasten mit standardisierten Propan-Referenzbränden und erfassen mittels hochauflösender Instrumente zentrale Messgrößen wie Wärmefluss, Temperatur und Strahlung. Der daraus entstehende Datensatz liefert erstmals eine direkte Quantifizierung der thermischen Auswirkungen von BETV-Bränden auf Verpackungen und unterstützt Expertengremien bei der Bewertung, ob bestehende regulatorische Anforderungen für alternative Antriebssysteme weiterhin angemessen sind. T2 - Informationsaustausch zur verkehrsrechtlichen Aufsicht bei der Beförderung radioaktiver Stoffe CY - Salzgitter, Germany DA - 03.02.2026 KW - Batteriebrand KW - IAEA KW - Gefahrgut KW - Transport PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65626 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schlegel, Moritz-Caspar T1 - Die Ökodesign-Rahmenverordnung - Produkteffizienz neu gedacht N2 - Die Präsentation fasst das europäische Verständnis für den Begriff "Produkteffizienz" und die diesbezügliche Entwicklungen der vergangenen Jahre zusammen. Es wird eine Verbindung zwischen Rechtssetzung, Normung und Forschung hergestellt und entsprechende Beiträge zur der Transformation von einer linearen- zu einer zirkulären Wirtschaft (Circular Economy) erörtert. T2 - DIN-Mitgliederdialog CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 03.03.2026 KW - Circular economy KW - Product efficiency KW - Normung KW - Ecodesign KW - Policymaking PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65631 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vogel, Christian T1 - Investigating the Thermal Decomposition of PFAS in a Full-Scale Commercial Hazardous Waste Incinerator N2 - Effective and safe treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-laden waste in full-scale hazardous waste facilities is currently the only commercial method for large-scale PFAS destruction, but concerns remain about incomplete combustion and harmful byproducts. Therefore, the fate of fluorine during incineration was investigated in a full-scale hazardous waste incinerator to assess the viability and potential risks of this method. The project involves developing advanced analytical tools, including real-time infrared spectroscopy, and conducting trial burns under varied conditions. Conditions that influence incineration performance are identified, analyzing for products of incomplete destruction (PIDs), exploring the role of fly ash and surfaces in PFAS breakdown, and evaluating the potential formation of polyfluorinated dioxins and furans. Collectively, these tasks aim to deliver practical tools and guidance for scientists and engineers, while informing policymakers and the public on the benefits and potential risks of PFAS incineration. T2 - DoW Applied Innovation Workshop CY - Washington, DC, USA DA - 02.03.2026 KW - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) KW - Incineration PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65638 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Miclea, Paul T1 - Microanalysis of Airborne Nano/Microplastic Particles in an Textile Industrial Environment N2 - Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are emerging global contaminants, present in air, soil, and water. The textile industry is potentially a major contributor, releasing synthetic particles like polyamide, polyester, and acrylic during production. This study assessed MNP levels outside and inside a textile-processing facility using online air samplers with silicon (Si) and quartz filters. Real-time particle counts (PM0.3–PM10) were obtained via a laser detector. Si filters (9 mm, 10/1 µm pores) and quartz filters (25 mm, 1.2 µm pores, pre-calcined at 800°C) were used for sampling. Custom holders allowed selective sampling for PM10 and PM1 on Si filters. Sampling conditions included a 3-hour collection at 2 L/min (GilAir Plus pump) starting at 7:00 AM (T1) and 2:00 PM (T2), with intermittent ventilation, 23.3 °C average temperature, and 52.5% humidity. Particle weights collected (µg) were: quartz – 4.9E-05 (T1), 5.1E-05 (T2); Si – 3.2E-05 (T1), 5E-06 (T2). Outside particle counts ranged from 3,584 (T1) to 15,165 (T2); inside: 9,901 (T1) to 12,921 (T2). Maximum indoor PM10 and PM0.3 levels were 72/m³ and 71,979/m³, respectively. Particles were analyzed using electron microscopy and µRaman spectroscopy, confirming high concentrations of irregularly shaped PP-based particles (1–5 µm). T2 - 12th TEXTEH CY - Bucharest, Romania DA - 23.10.2025 KW - Microplastics KW - Airborne particles KW - Raman microspectroscopy PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64485 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Zientek, Nicolai T1 - Untersuchung des Auflösungsverhaltens von pharmazeutischen Cokristallen mittels Onlien-NMR-Spektroskopie T2 - GDCh-NMR Diskussionstagung: Praktische Probleme der Kernresonanzspektroskopie CY - Erlangen, Germany DA - 2013-01-14 PY - 2013 N1 - Geburtsname von Batzdorf, Lisa: Tröbs, L. - Birth name of Batzdorf, Lisa: Tröbs, L. AN - OPUS4-28792 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Zientek, Nicolai T1 - Online-NMR-Methoden zur Analyse des Auflösungsverhaltens von pharmazeutischen Cokristallen T2 - 8. Kolloquium Prozessanalytik Berlin 2012 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2012-12-03 PY - 2012 N1 - Geburtsname von Batzdorf, Lisa: Tröbs, L. - Birth name of Batzdorf, Lisa: Tröbs, L. AN - OPUS4-29309 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bremser, Wolfram T1 - The new nano silver reference material BAM-N001 T2 - 1st International Conference on Refernce Materials CY - Yekaterinburg, Russia DA - 2013-09-10 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29038 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Menzel, Michael T1 - The "Quiet" Goldschmidt Reaction T2 - International Conference on the Application of the Mössbauer Effect (ICAME 2013) CY - Opatija, Croatia DA - 2013-09-01 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29039 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Zientek, Nicolai T1 - Online-NMR-Methoden zur Analyse des Auflösungsverhaltens von pharmazeutischen Cokristallen T2 - Anakon 2013 CY - Essen, Germany DA - 2013-03-04 PY - 2013 N1 - Geburtsname von Batzdorf, Lisa: Tröbs, L. - Birth name of Batzdorf, Lisa: Tröbs, L. AN - OPUS4-28793 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Joester, Maike T1 - Combining Raman with scattering methods to study silica in plant materials T2 - FT-IR Spectroscopy in Microbiological and Medical Diagnostics CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-10-24 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29411 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Nguyen, Thi Yen T1 - In-situ-Charakterisierung der Kristallisation organischer Polymorphe T2 - Workshop "Zeit- und temperaturaufgelöste Röntgen-Pulver-Diffraktometrie CY - Pfinztal, Germany DA - 2013-11-14 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29830 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schlegel, Moritz-Caspar T1 - In-situ SyXRD Analysis of Cement Hydration on the ms-Scale T2 - Chemistry of Construction Materials CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-10-07 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29829 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Fischer, Franziska T1 - Synthesis and strustural Characterization of a Theophylline:Nicotinamide Cocrystal T2 - Adlershofer Forschungszentrum CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-11-12 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29855 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Joester, Maike T1 - Raman micro-spectroscopy in combination with scattering methods to study silica in plant materials T2 - Adlershofer Forschungsforum CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-11-12 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29836 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stroh, Julia T1 - Investigations of Degradation of Cementitious Materials by in-situ Structure Analysis T2 - Adlershofer Forschungsforum CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-11-12 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29828 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Manuel T1 - Verfolgung mechanochemischer Synthesen durch in situ Röntgendiffraktometrie T2 - Adlershofer Foschungsforum CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-11-12 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29854 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gnutzmann, Tanja T1 - In situ characterization of crystallization processes T2 - Adlershofer Forschungsforum CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-11-12 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29831 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - Why shaken, not stirred, makes the difference: insights into mechanochemical reactions from in situ investigations N2 - Mechanochemistry is an effective, environmentally benign, and facile method for the synthesis of new multicomponent crystal systems. Different milling parameters are known to affect the mechanisms and rates of product formation: milling frequency, milling time, filling degree of the milling jar, ball diameter and vessel size, degree of milling ball filling, and material of jars. The increasing interest in mechanochemistry is contrasted by a limited mechanistic understanding of the mechanochemical reactivity and selectivity. Different analytical methods and their combinations have been developed for the time resolved in situ monitoring of mechanochemical transformations, including powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray adsorption spectroscopy, NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and thermography. Here we will discuss our recent results investigating the formation of (poly-morphic) cocrystals[1,3], metal-organic compounds, and salts, thereby elucidating the influence of milling parameters and reaction sequences on the formation mechanism and kinetics. For the mechanochemical chlorination reaction of hydantoin normalizing the kinetic profiles to the volume of the milling ball showed clearly that milling reaction kinetics are conserved. Here physical kinetics dominate reaction rates in a ball-milling transformation. Attempting to interpret such kinetics in purely chemical terms risk misinterpreting the results. Our results indicate that time-resolved in situ investigation of milling reactions offer a new approach to tune and optimize mechanochemical processes. T2 - GdCh Vortrag Universität Potsdam CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 05.06.2023 KW - Mechanochemistry KW - In Situ PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58982 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -