TY - CONF A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker T1 - Gedanken, Tipps & Tricks zu künstlichen Bewitterungsprüfungen N2 - Die Fragestellung kann nur exemplarisch dargestellt werden, aber ist hoffentlich auch für langjährige Praktiker in den ausgewählten Punkten interessant. Es sollen für folgende Bereiche Beispiele gegeben werden: Probenvorbereitung, Testvorbereitung, Testdurchführung und Auswertung. T2 - 53. Jahrestagung der GUS 2025; Umwelteinflüsse erfassen, simulieren, bewerten. CY - Stutensee, Germany DA - 26.03.2025 KW - Künstliche Bewitterung KW - Umweltsimulation KW - Wechseltemperaturen KW - Prüfung KW - UV KW - Feuchte KW - Beregnung PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62862 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Geburtig, Anja T1 - Possibilities on prediction of plastic’s fragmentation time - Digital twins for decomposing-time predictions N2 - Depending on the specific plastic’s ageing sensitivities, the durations which plastic components remain in the environment can be very long. As, in the past, the advantages in ageing resistance and durability were highly evaluated, we now face the problem of quite stable plastic waste within the environment. However, there is only little knowledge on the real timescales until macroscopic fragmentation for the different kinds of plastic under various environmental conditions. Here, weathering methods are presented, which have been used for the failure prediction in specific outdoor conditions. Issues of uncertainty, reproducibility, or validation are discussed. For the prediction of the plastic’s fragmentation, much longer time scales have to be considered. To do this within a limited project life span, various processes as well as their acceleration potential have to be evaluated separately, such as temperature increase or spectral shift. The possibilities and limitations of such controlled acceleration will be discussed. T2 - 29th IAPRI Symposium on Packaging CY - Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands DA - 11.06.2019 KW - Plastic KW - Ageing KW - Environment KW - Fragmentation KW - Digital twin PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49714 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Geburtig, Anja T1 - Chemiluminescence Detection for the Shortening of Weathering Tests T2 - "INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP on practical applications of chemiluminescence at the oxidation of chemical systems" CY - Smolenice, Slovakia DA - 2005-10-09 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-12504 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Geburtig, Anja T1 - Combined impact of UV radiation and nitric acid (HNO3) on HDPE jerrycans – comparison of outdoor and lab test N2 - A damaging action of HNO3-55% only occurs in combination with its decomposition into nitrous gases, which can be caused by UV radiation. In a laboratory test, transparent HDPE jerrycans have been exposed to both UV radiation and 55 wt-% nitric acid solution at (41 ± 2)°C, for up to 20 days. For comparison, UV radiant exposure (21 days) and nitric acid exposure (up to 6 weeks) were performed separately, at nearly equal temperatures. The respective damages are compared with FTIR spectroscopy in ATR and HT-gel permeation chromatography (GPC) on a molecular level and with hydraulic internal pressure testing as a component test. For the used jerrycans, relevant oxidation can only be found after the combined exposure. The gradual increase in oxidative damage shows the good reproducibility of the lab exposure. The decomposition of nitric acid into nitrous gases by UV radiation – as well as the jerrycan oxidation – is also observed at lower HNO3 concentration (28 wt- %). Similar results are obtained after outdoor tests. Again, the damage occurs only after combined exposure, in contrast to the exposures to UV only and to HNO3 only, which were conducted in parallel. Outdoor exposures are most readily accepted as they represent possible end-use conditions. However, the reproducibility of these exposures is poor due to the large temporal variations in weather. There are also several safety risks, which is why the number of replicates remains limited. Since the outdoor and lab exposure tests show the same qualitative results, it is appropriate to conduct systematic studies in the laboratory. After 6 days of lab exposure, the oxidation damage is rated as critical, which corresponds to about 1/10 year in Central Europe, according to the UV radiant exposure. It should be noted that this amount can also occur in two sunny weeks. T2 - 24th iapri World Packaging Conference CY - Valencia, Spain DA - 17.06.2024 KW - UV exposure KW - Nitric acid KW - Polyethylene KW - Oxidation PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60416 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Altmann, Korinna T1 - PE-Rezyklat Einsatz in Gefahrgutbehältern? N2 - In diesem Vortrag geht es darum zu beschreiben, ob Rezyklat für PE Behälter gefüllt mit Gefahrgut Anwendung finden darf. Kanister aus Neuware und Rezyklat wurden verschiedenen Untersuchungen unterzogen. Es wurde der Feststoff und Leachable getestet. Methoden sind TED-GC/MS und GC-HRMS. Proben der Leachable wurden nach 1 und 4 Wochen genommen und die Peakanzahl vergleichen dargestellt. Als Lösemittel wurden Wasser, Ethanol, EtOAc, Ammoniak und HNO3 verwendet. T2 - Fachaustausch Projekt GeSKAR CY - Dessau, Germany DA - 10.01.2025 KW - Gefahrgutbehälter KW - Rezyklat PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62396 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Altmann, Korinna T1 - What can thermoanalytical methods do for you ? N2 - This presentation summarizes outcomes of the CUSP projects POLYRISK and PlasticsFatE according to thermoanalytical methods.It highlights the importants of analytical methods to measure physical and chemical properties of the test materials. These informations are neccessary for interpretation of the toxicological test results. T2 - CUSP conference CY - Utrecht, Netherlands DA - 14.09.2023 KW - Microplastics KW - TED-GC/MS KW - CUSP KW - Polymer 3R KW - Thermoanalytical methods PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58312 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schulz, Ulrich T1 - Mildew-caused Damage on Automotive Coatings T2 - European Coatings Conference "Novel Biocide Technology II" CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2005-02-24 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-7349 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Komann, Steffen T1 - Assessment of ductile Cast Iron Fracture Mechanics Analysis within Licensing of German Transport Packages T2 - ASME-Conference 2012 CY - Toronto, Canada DA - 15.07.2012 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-26333 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Karrasch, Andrea T1 - Thermal decomposition of PDMS in flame-retarded Bisphenol-a Polycarbonate: a solid-state NMR investigation T2 - GDCh Tagung Magnetische Resonanz 2009 CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2009-09-21 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-20005 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Krebber, Katerina T1 - Smart Technical Textiles Based on Fibre Optic Sensors (invited lecture) T2 - 22nd International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS-22) CY - Beijing, China DA - 2012-10-15 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-26907 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker T1 - Principles and limitations in the acceleration of artificial weathering tests T2 - Paint 2006, VI. International Paint, Varnish, Ink & Auxiliary Products Industry Congress & Exhibition, "Smart Coatings and new Technologies" CY - Istanbul, Turkey DA - 2006-05-17 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12403 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Braun, Ulrike T1 - Weathering resistance of halogen-free fire retardant polymeric materials T2 - MODEST CY - Liège, Belgium DA - 2008-09-06 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18004 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker T1 - „Test Tailoring“ eines künstlichen Bewitterungstests am Beispiel der Entwicklung des „Acid Dew and Fog“ Testes N2 - Häufig ist es wünschenswert, für neue Materialien oder Anwendungen künstliche Bewitterungsverfahren zu benutzen, die auf die spezifischen Anforderungen besser zugeschnitten sind, als es bei bestehenden standardisierten Verfahren der Fall ist. Nachdem man die spezifischen Parameter der Beanspruchung unter Anwendungsbedingungen und die spezifische Empfindlichkeit des Materials erfasst hat, beginnt ein Prozess, der als „Test Tailoring“ häufig abstrakt verwendet, auf den aber nur selten näher eingegangen wird. Genau dieser Prozess soll hier am Beispiel der Entwicklung eines künstlichen Bewitterungstests unter saurer Beaufschlagung, dem in der BAM entwickelten Acid Dew and Fog Test, beispielhaft erläutert werden. T2 - 47. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation (GUS) 2018 CY - Pfinztal (Berghausen), Germany DA - 21.03.2018 KW - Test Tailoring KW - Bewitterung KW - Acid Dew and Fog KW - Umweltsimulation PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46542 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker T1 - Künstliche Bewitterungstests für polymere Beschichtungen T2 - TAW Symposium: "3. Korrosionsschutz-Symposium - Korrosionsschutz durch Beschichtungen in Theorie und Praxis" CY - Titisee-Neustadt, Germany DA - 2009-06-17 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19590 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gründer, Klaus-Peter T1 - Optische Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Nickel-Basis-Superlegierungen, Mikroverformungen an Materialoberflächen T2 - Test 2003, International Conference on Materials Testing CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2003-05-13 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-5157 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Karrasch, Andrea T1 - Thermal decomposition of PDMS in flame-retarded Bisphenol-a Polycarbonate: a solid-state NMR investigation T2 - FRPM 09 12th European Conference on Fire Retardant Polymers CY - Poznan, Poland DA - 2009-08-31 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19998 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Karrasch, Andrea A1 - Jäger, Christian T1 - Thermal decomposition behaviour of flame-retarded Bisphenol-a Polycarbonate: a solid-state NMR investigation T2 - Polydays 2008, Freie Universität Berlin CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2008-10-01 PY - 2008 N1 - Geburtsname von Wawrzyn, Eliza: Pikacz, E. - Birth name of Wawrzyn, Eliza: Pikacz, E. AN - OPUS4-17960 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Trubiroha, Peter T1 - Referenzmaterialien für Bewitterungsprüfungen von polymeren Werkstoffen T2 - 32. Jahrestagung der GUS (Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation) CY - Pfinztal, Germany DA - 2003-03-26 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-3155 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meurer, Maren T1 - Is olypropylene relevant for microplastic analytics? N2 - Nowadays, in every terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem, even in the remotest areas, small residues of plastics, the so called microplastic (MP) can be found. MPs are particles with a size of 1-1000 µm (ISO/TR 21960:2020), mainly containing synthetic polymers like polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Even styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) as an indication for tire wear is included due to similar particle formation. To understand the MPs consequences to the environment, it is of high priority to capture its extent of contamination. It is surprising that in the analysis of polymer masses in environmental samples, PE, PS and SBR are often detected, but only small amounts of PP, although this is the second most commonly produced standard plastic and many MP particles originate from carelessly disposed packaging materials. This presentation provides hypotheses about the reasons of rare PP identification and mass quantification in environmental samples. Different investigations of pristine PP and representative environmental samples, including the pre-treatment by Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) or with density separation followed by the thermal extraction / desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TED-GC/MS) are presented. The results are discussed according to the material properties and a possible degradation mechanism under different weathering conditions which indicate less stability under relevant storage conditions. T2 - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry CY - Dublin, Ireland DA - 30.04.2023 KW - Sample preparation KW - Polypropylene KW - Microplastic KW - Degradation PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57474 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Geburtig, Anja T1 - Alterung von polymeren Werkstoffen T2 - Seminar Technische Akademie Wuppertal CY - Altdorf, Germany DA - 2009-04-02 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19651 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -