TY - CONF A1 - Orellana Pérez, Teresa T1 - QI Digital Use Case Hydrogen Refueling Station N2 - BAM is part of the “Quality Infrastructure Digital” (QI Digital) initiative of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK). This initiative aims at coordinating a large cooperation project, “QI Digital” for making German and European quality management systems fit for the digital transformation. It is a fact that the digitization of new products and services is occurring much faster than quality management systems can be accordingly updated. Thus, the digital transformation of quality management is necessary to preserve the competitiveness of the German and European industries that stand for quality and safety in the global market. The Use Case “Reliable Hydrogen Refueling Station” of QI Digital aims at creating new solutions that are transferable to other technical systems and at further developing standards and technical rules as a contribution to technology transfer and innovation. T2 - 4th German-Korean Hydrogen Conference CY - Seoul, Republic of Korea DA - 31.10.2023 KW - Hydrogen refueling station KW - Digital quality infrastructure PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59303 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bock, Robert A1 - Mair, Georg W. T1 - Pilotprojekt "Verlässliche Wasserstofftechnologie" - Beispielanwendung für eine technische Anlage N2 - Kurzvorstellung des Pilotprojektes Verlässliche Wasserstofftechnologie in QI Digital. Anwendung der QI Digital Werkzeuge an einer technischen Anlage beispielhaft gezeigt anhand von sechs im Projekt entwickelten Demonstratoren. Unser erklärtes Ziel ist die Unterstützung des Markthochlaufs von Wasserstofftechnologien durch Digitalisierung der QI. Bei der Qualitätsinfrastruktur von technischen Anlagen geht es vor allem die Themen QI Dokumentation und Zugänglichkeit, Verfügbarkeit der Anlage und Informationen darüber, sowie Inspektionszyklen mit zeitaufwändigen und teuren manuellen Prüfungen. Mit dem Übergang zu einer digitalen QI streben wir hier an, eine kontinuierliche Überwachung des momentanen Gesundheitszustandes der Anlage und automatisierter Dokumentation hierüber, die fälschungssicher und vertraulich zugänglich gemacht werden kann, zu erreichen. Hierzu sollen die im Gesamtprojekt entwickelten QI Digital Werkzeuge zum Einsatz kommen. T2 - QI Forum 2024 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 09.10.2024 KW - Wasserstoff KW - Qualitätsinfrastruktur KW - Digitalisierung PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61354 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kehr, Torsten T1 - Project QI-Digital - Quo vadis Use Case H2 Refueling Station? N2 - As a part of the QI-Digital cooperation project, BAM is setting up a hydrogen refuelling station research platform at the Test site for Technical Safety in Horstwalde. Based on this platform, BAM intends to develop, to test and to optimize new measurement techniques as well as data acquisition and processing methods for hydrogen refuelling stations and their periphery in close cooperation with partners from the quality infrastructure and industry. The presentation will introduce the hydrogen refuelling station use case and provide insights into the issues and research goals of the associated subprojects. T2 - H2-Colloquium of the Competence Centre „H2SAFETY@BAM” CY - Online meeting DA - 16.02.2022 KW - Hydrogen KW - Safety KW - QI-Digital PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54361 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mair, Georg W. T1 - Aspekte einer digitalen Lebenslaufakte (Impulsvortrag) N2 - Durch Einsatz neuer Technologien im Transport von komprimiertem Wasserstoff konnte eine Verdreifachung des Nutzlastverhältnisses erreicht werden. Diese neuen Speicher auf den Transportfahrzeugen müssten aber anders auf ihre Sicherheit überprüft werden, als dies heute gefordert wird. Mit dem Markthochlauf Wasserstoff vervielfacht sich zudem die Anzahl der Transporteinheiten. Da sich im Zuge der neuen H2-Transportfahrzeuge aber auch die Anzahl der einzelnen Speicher pro Fahrzeug etwa verzwanzigfacht hat, kommen die Kapazitäten für die erforderliche wiederkehrende Prüfung an ihre Grenzen. Dies könnte evtl. durch eine entsprechende Erhöhung der Prüfkapazitäten gelöst werden. Da dies aber weder praktisch machbar ist noch technisch wirklich sinnvoll, müssen alternative Ansätze z.B. durch digital erfasste zerstörungsfreie Prüfkonzepte gesucht werden. Hierzu bedarf es aber einer Lebenslaufakte, die beginnend von der Definition einer Bauweise über die Baumusterprüfung, Zulassung, Herstellung, erstmalige Prüfung, Verwendung und wiederkehrenden oder begleitenden Prüfungen bis zum Verschrotten alle Daten erfassen und verwalten kann. Eine solche Lebenslaufakte könnte auch als eine Art digitaler Produktpass (DPP) verstanden werden. T2 - QI-digital Forum 2023 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 10.10.2023 KW - Wasserstoffspeicher KW - Lebenslaufakte KW - Digitaler Produktpass DPP KW - Wiederkehrende Prüfung KW - Lebensdauerüberwachung PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58559 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Scarponi, Giordano T1 - Numerical Simulation Of Cryogenic Liquid Hydrogen Tanks With Multilayer Insulation Exposed to Fire N2 - In the ongoing energy transition, hydrogen has emerged as a promising alternative energy carrier with a reduced environmental impact. Among the possible solutions to store hydrogen onboard vehicles, cryogenic tanks equipped with multilayer insulation (MLI) appear to be one of the most effective in ensuring high volumetric energy density. MLI systems consist of several layers of low-emissivity material (radiative layers), typically aluminum or aluminum-coated polyester, interleaved with low thermal conductivity spacers to avoid direct contact between the radiative layers. In cryogenic tank applications, these are enclosed within the vessel double-walled shell, working under high-vacuum conditions. Among the insulation systems available nowadays, MLI-based ones have the smallest volume requirements and the lowest weight. Thanks to these features, MLI appears as the preferable choice in sectors where space and weight constraints play a crucial role (e.g., in the transportation sector). The widespread deployment of LH2 new technologies poses also challenging questions related to the hazardous properties of hydrogen. The accidental loss of integrity of cryogenic LH2 tanks might lead to extremely dangerous phenomena, such as Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosions (BLEVE), Fireball, and Rapid Phase Transition (RPT). One potential scenario that could give rise to this situation is exposure to an external heat source such as a fire triggered by a road accident. Real-scale fire test results suggest that the insulation performance of MLI systems may undergo severe degradation when these are subjected to high temperatures, leaving the tank almost unprotected and leading to failure in a relatively short time. In this framework, the availability of models able to simulate the tank response to fire exposure is crucial to ensure a safe design and support emergency response planning. Several CFD and lumped models originally developed for pressurized and atmospheric tanks were extended to cryogenic vessels. However, these provide results in line with experimental data only if the insulation system's equivalent thermal conductivity is fine-adjusted to higher values with respect to normal operating conditions. These models do not integrate, in fact, the description of MLI thermal degradation as a result of fire exposure, which was demonstrated to play a crucial role in determining the response of the cryogenic liquid hydrogen tank. On the other hand, MLI heat transfer models currently available in the literature are suitable for normal operative conditions only and do not address the material behavior under fire exposure. This work presents an innovative lumped model to simulate the thermal response of MLI-insulated cryogenic hydrogen tanks in fire scenarios. In particular, the proposed approach enables the prediction of MLI loss of insulation performances due to fire-induced thermal degradation, overcoming the limitations of currently available models. The MLI degradation model is based on the well-established layer-by-layer approach and integrated with sub-models to estimate the material deterioration due to thermal load. Several sub-models were defined to account for different MLI materials. In particular, for polyester-based MLIs, the deterioration of each layer is defined by the apparent kinetic of thermal degradation retrieved from Thermo-Gravimetric-Analysis (TGA) tests. For aluminum-based MLI, each radiation layer is assumed to vanish when its temperature reaches the melting point of the material. The model was applied to several case studies addressing different types of MLI (i.e., both polyester-based and aluminum-based ones) and fire scenarios to assess the effect on the heating rate and pressure build-up of the tank lading. The analysis allowed for the performance comparison of the studied MLIs, providing valuable information to support the emergency management of accidental scenarios involving liquid-hydrogen cryogenic tanks. Moreover, the results obtained can be used to define mitigation measures to protect the integrity of cryogenic tanks equipped with MLI. T2 - Spring24+20thGCPS CY - New Orleans, Louisiana, USA DA - 24.03.2024 KW - Multilayer Insulation KW - Fire KW - Hydrogen KW - Liquefied Natural Gas KW - Insulation PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61078 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mair, Georg W. T1 - Risk management and consequence control in hydrogen transport - volume dependent pressure limitation as a scientific approach for consequence control N2 - With technological development, the transport units for compressed gases are becoming larger and their number is increasing. Simultaneously, the filling pressure for hydrogen in transport has increased far beyond the 200 bar, which has been the common European standard for decades. In total, this increases the potential consequences of an incident, which needs to get limited for ensuring acceptance in current practice with pressure vessels from large serial production. Consequently, the measures for new developments of extremely large and highly pressurised pressure vessels should meet a risk based higher level of requirements. For this purpose, the so-called pressure-volume product was proposed as a safety related criteria to the relevant regulatory bodies in 2020. The approach was accepted, and a working group was set up at the United Nations for developing a broadly accepted limitation of today's established pressure vessels compared to future units with even more gas content. The path to the finally decided limit value of 1.5 million bar litres is presented here for hydrogen with its individual steps: ‘Boundary between major accident and disaster’, ‘The effect of pressure waves on the human body’, ‘The propagation of pressure waves’, ‘The reference value for population density’ and ‘Impact of pressure waves’. This result of the UN working group has been accepted in December 2023 and will lead to a binding limitation of the pressure volume product for the so called pressure receptacles by 2027. The work on units larger than this pV-limit is going on at ISO level. T2 - 11th International Conference on Hydrogen Safety ICHS 2025 CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 22.09.2025 KW - Safety KW - Hydrogen transport KW - Major accident KW - Pressure wave KW - Population density KW - Science with impact PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64198 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Anita T1 - Forschung der BAM zu Lithiumbatterien: Schwerpunkt Anwendungsebene N2 - Für den Transport von Lithiumbatterien als Gefahrgut sind Kenntnisse über deren Verhalten und möglichen Schutz in Form von Verpackungen essentiell. Die aktuellen Forschungsergebnisse der BAM der letzten 2 Jahre werden dem Fachpublikum vorgestellt. T2 - BAM Erfa Verpackungen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 17.09.2024 KW - Lithiumbatterien KW - Gefahrguttransport KW - Gefahrverpackungen PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62332 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Camplese, Davide T1 - Safety assessment of MLI super-insulation systems for cryogenic liquid-hydrogen tanks in fire scenarios N2 - In the context of green energy transition, cryogenic tanks featuring MLI systems are emerging as a leading solution to store hydrogen in heavy-duty vehicles. However, the integrity of such tanks can be jeopardized by fire. In such a scenario, MLI materials degradation can occur, leaving the tank unprotected from the fire heat flux, with consequent rapid pressurization and a high risk of failure. This study presents an assessment of aluminum-based MLI for liquid hydrogen cryogenic tanks under fire exposure based on the estimation of the time to mechanical failure of the equipment. This is calculated through an innovative model that simulates the thermomechanical response of the tank, including the MLI thermal degradation and the pressure-relief valve (PRV) operation. The application to several case studies that consider a typical LH2 tank featuring a wide range of MLI configurations demonstrated the likelihood of failure in case of exposure to a hydrocarbon pool fire, providing also comprehensive insights into the impact of the insulation characteristics and operating conditions on the time to failure. T2 - 18th EFCE International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 08.06.2025 KW - LH2 KW - Insulation KW - Tanks KW - Fire KW - LNG PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63427 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Scarponi, Giordano T1 - Performance of MLI systems for LH2 Tanks in fire scenarios N2 - In the course of decarbonizing the energy industry, cryogenic energy carriers are seen as having great potential. This is because they allow significantly higher volumetric energy densities to be achieved than when these energy carriers are stored at typical temperatures on Earth. This is important for numerous energy-intensive applications, such as those found in all transport sectors. Important cryogenic energy carriers include liquefied hydrogen (LH2) and liquefied natural gas (LNG). The challenge is to keep the energy carrier cold for a long time. This is achieved by the implementation of thermal super-insulations (TSI) systems based on multilayer insulations (MLI), microspheres, perlites, and vacuum for instance, and which have proven to be effective in several cryogenic applications. However, due to the short period of use, the low number of documented incidents, and the still few investigations carried out in the field, the exploitation of such systems in the transport sector still suffers from insufficient knowledge about the course and consequences of incidents. Accidents involving collisions, fires, and their combination are quite common in the transportation sector and may generate extraordinary loads on the tank and its insulation system, eventually leading to tank failure. The presentation summarizes the findings from the cooperation of the University of Bologna and BAM regarding the experiments on diverse types of super-insulations with the High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber, as well as the model approaches that were developed to calculate the heat transfer and degradation of MLI’s during high thermal exposure. As an outlook the application of the models, the Cryogenic High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber, and the fire test on HGV-components are presented. T2 - ELVHyS - International Stakeholder's Seminars CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 30.09.2024 KW - LH2 KW - LNG KW - Cryogenic storage tank KW - Fire KW - Safety PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61205 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Camplese, Davide T1 - Modelling Fire Response of Cryogenic Liquid Hydrogen Tanks Equipped with Multilayer Insulation (MLI) Systems N2 - In the context of the growing global interest in hydrogen-based green energy, cryogenic tanks equipped with multi-layer insulation (MLI) are emerging as a leading solution for storing hydrogen in vehicles. The integrity of these systems might be threatened during fire exposure. This can trigger the degradation of the MLI materials and induce rapid pressurization of the tank with a high risk of catastrophic failure. In this work, a novel lumped model to simulate the thermal response of MLI-equipped cryogenic liquid hydrogen tanks is presented. The model integrates the accurate database “Coolprop” for hydrogen thermodynamic properties and sub-models for detailed simulation of MLI degradation, providing a realistic simulation of the experimental data obtained under normal operating conditions. The application of the model to several case studies considering different numbers of MLI layers and tank geometries demonstrates that aluminum-based MLI offers scarce protection in case of exposure to a hydrocarbon poolfire. T2 - CISAP 11 CY - Neapel, Italy DA - 15.09.2024 KW - Liquefied hydrogen KW - LNG KW - Fire KW - Insulation KW - MLI PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61389 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Storages For Cryogenic Gases And Their Safety Part 1 N2 - To accelerate the hydrogen uptake in Europe the project KICstartH2 funded by the European Union arranged the Joint European Summer School (JESS) that deals with several topics around hydrogen. A topic in this framework is the transport and storage of energy by hydrogen. Here cryogenic energy carriers are seen as having great potential. This is because they allow significantly higher volumetric energy densities to be achieved than when these energy carriers are stored at typical temperatures on Earth. This is important for numerous energy-intensive applications, such as those found in all transport sectors. Important cryogenic energy carriers include liquefied hydrogen (LH2) and liquefied natural gas (LNG). This presentation focuses on the physical parameters and methods relevant to the storage of cryogenic fluids. T2 - Joint European Summer School (JESS) CY - Athens, Greece DA - 15.09.2024 KW - Liquefied hydrogen KW - Liquefied natural gas KW - Cryogenic storage tank PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61083 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hajhariri, Aliasghar T1 - Investigation of Super Insulation degradation of a tank for cryogenic goods. Effect of fire on the storage of Cryogenic fluids N2 - Cryogenic liquefied gases, such as liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquefied natural gas (LNG), are becoming more popular as eco-friendly energy sources. However, using these gases more often increases the risk of accidents, making it important to conduct thorough risk assessments. The storage systems for these gases rely on thermal superinsulation (TSI), which can fail under extreme heat, especially during fires. Therefore, it is essential to study how and why TSI fails. This research (part of PhD topic) aims to examine insulation performance, thereby improving the overall safety of cryogenic storage systems. T2 - Colloquium of Departement 3 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 27.05.2024 KW - Investigation KW - Insulation degradation KW - Tank for cryogenic goods PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60462 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Novel Insulation Concepts for Large Scale Liquefied Hydrogen Storages N2 - The NICOLHy project aims to develop a novel insulation concept based on Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP) that enables the safe, cost- and energy efficient storage of large quantities of LH2. Such large scale LH2 storage technology is necessary for establishing a hydrogen economy with dimensions between 40.000 m³ and more than 200.000 m³ of LH2. However, new design concepts are needed because the currently available technologies used in small and medium storages today are not suitable for up-scaling. The main problems prohibiting the up-scaling are the long production time due to the process chain, the low failure tolerance and the spherical shape, which reduces the payload in technical applications by up to 50% compared to other shapes. The novel concept will change these conditions by a system which is modular, open-form, time-and cost efficient while production, operation and service, multi-failure tolerant and applicable for onshore and offshore applications. The presentations shows details to the concept and presents several safety concerns the project has to deal with. T2 - ELVHyS - International Stakeholder's Seminars CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 30.09.2024 KW - LH2 KW - Insulation KW - Safety PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61208 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harwege, Finn T1 - Characterisation of vacuum insulation panel based cryogenic insulation N2 - Current medium to large scale hydrogen storage tanks utilize a double walled tank with vacuum and a low thermal conductivity powder as bulk fill between the two tank walls. This approach offers poor failure resistance and is not economic to build at a large scale. In NICOLHy an alternative cryogenic insulation concept using vacuum insulation panels (VIP) targeted for tanks with capacities from 40 000 m³ to 100 000 m³ is in research. VIPs consist of a gas tight envelope that surrounds a low conductivity core material. Within the envelope, a vacuum is created, which supresses convective heat transfer. Since the core material is typically very low thermal conductivity, while the envelope material has a relatively high thermal conductivity, thermal bridges where two adjoining panels meet cannot be avoided. Modeling of the thermal behaviour of VIPs exists for the building industry, but not for cryogenic temperatures or applications with multiple layers of VIPs, both of which present a new challenge. Here, these challenges and goals for the thermal modeling within the project are presented, alongside an overview over the project itself. T2 - Themenvorstellung beim BTU Arbeitsgebiet Technische Akustik CY - Cottbus, Germany DA - 23.09.2024 KW - Liquefied Hydrogen PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61122 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grotelüschen, Frank A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Berhorst, Ralf T1 - Supertanker für H2: EU-Projekt konstruiert günstigen Riesenspeicher N2 - Wasserstoff stellt einen potenziellen Energieträger für den großskaligen Import von Energie nach Europa dar. Von seinen verschiedenen Speicherformen eignet sich hierfür insbesondere verflüssigter Wasserstoff, mit dem sich auf gleichem Volumen deutlich mehr Energie speichern lässt als bei der druckbasierten Speicherung. Verflüssigter Wasserstoff wird bei minus 253°C gespeichert und muss für dessen Transport lange bei dieser niedrigen Temperatur gehalten werden. Dies stellt besondere Herausforderungen an die thermische Isolation von Tanks. Der Erforschung nachhaltiger, kosten- und energieeffizienter sowie sicherer thermischen Isolationen wird im NICOLHy Projekt, unter Leitung der BAM, nachgegangen. KW - Verflüssigter Wasserstoff KW - Thermische Isolation PY - 2024 UR - https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/supertanker-fuer-h2-eu-projekt-konstruiert-guenstigen-riesenspeicher-dlf-d50ff14a-100.html PB - Deutschlandradio CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-60538 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Systeme mit tiefkalt verflüssigten Gasen in Brandereignissen N2 - Die volumetrische Energiedichte eines Gases kann durch Verflüssigung erhöht wer-den. Diese findet statt, wenn das Gas unter den Siedepunkt abgekühlt wird. Verflüs-sigte Gase mit großer Bedeutung für die Energiewende sind verflüssigter Wasser-stoff (LH2) und verflüssigtes Erdgas (LNG), dessen Verflüssigung Temperaturen von unter -160 °C bedarf. Systeme zur Speicherung dieser verflüssigten Gase müssen in der Regel für Überdrücke ausgelegt sein und benötigen thermische Superisolierun-gen (TSI), um die tiefkalten Bedingungen über längere Zeit halten zu können und Verluste durch Boil-Off gering zu halten. TSI mit Vakuum und MLI oder Perlit sind für viele Anwendungen mit LNG und LH2 geeignet. Bei solchen Systemen handelt es sich in der Regel um doppelwandige Strukturen, bei denen die Innenwand mit dem tiefkalten Fluid in Kontakt steht. Die Lücke, zwischen der Innen- und der Außen-wand befindet sich unter Vakuumbedingungen und enthält zudem MLI oder Perlite. Diese Kombination von Isolationsmethoden ermöglicht es auf kleinstem Raum sehr gute thermische Isolationswirkung zu erreichen. Aus wirtschaftlicher Sicht sind die Systeme gut durchdacht. Das Wissen über das Verhalten dieser Systeme bei einem typischen Ereignis wie einem Brand ist jedoch begrenzt. Dieses Wissen ist aber not-wendig, um die Sicherheit der wachsenden Zahl von Anwendungen auf dem Markt bewerten zu können. T2 - H2-Kolloquium des Kompetenzzentrum „H2Safety@BAM” CY - Online meeting DA - 04.07.2022 KW - Tiefkalt KW - Verflüssigt KW - Isolation KW - Auslegungsüberschreitend PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55178 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mair, Georg W. A1 - Hajhariri, Aliasghar T1 - A modular concept for protection against debris flight - Design, properties and usage N2 - With advances in technological development, stationary and mobile storage units for compressed hydrogen are becoming larger and larger. Their number is also increasing. At the same time, their design has evolved from steel and aluminium to pressure vessels made of composite materials. For safety reasons the design approval of those composite cylinders requires fire engulfment tests, which are mainly organised as open-air tests always needs dedicated protection measures. Under some conditions those protections measures even reduce the effort for organisational safety measures if e.g. the emission of splinters can get totally prevented. Another aspect is the improved reproducibility of fire tests by reducing the influence of wind, especially wind turbulence. Between 2017 and 2019, BAM developed a stackable protective frame made of steel to safely capture splinters for the safe execution of high-energy impact tests. However, this frame was not flexible enough for the follow up project, which led to a completely new protection concept for (potentially) destructive tests on gas-filled pressure vessels. This concept is based on very robust building blocks with knobs and holes of a dimension of 1m x 0.5m x 0.5m made from welded steel. Despite their considerable weight of around 500 kg, they can be combined and stacked very easily like ‘Lego bricks’. The presentation will show the flexibility of the concept, some results of tests on the robustness against pressure waves and the effectiveness in wind attenuation. Finally, the interaction with a new, also modular burner concept for localised fires and full engulfment fires will be presented. T2 - 11th International Conference on Hydrogen Safety ICHS 2025 CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 24.09.2025 KW - Splinter protection KW - Pressure vessel testing KW - Fire engulfment KW - Destructive tests KW - Rupture KW - Gaseous tests KW - Pressure wave KW - Test equipment KW - Precaution measures PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65099 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mair, Georg W. T1 - Safety challenges of the hydrogen market ramp-up N2 - The presentation will provide some thoughts on the key safety challenges for staying safe during the market ramp-up phase of the rapidly expanding hydrogen economy. The focus is on storage aspects, but other topics are also covered. Each brief description of an aspect is followed by a proposal for solving the problem. Key words are safety aspects of hydrogen transport (CGH2 and LH2), risk control, consequence limitation, structural reliability control, safety monitoring through destructive and non-destructive testing, improvement of RCS through impact simulation, new approaches to safety assessment, outlook on the potential of NDT and digital product passports. T2 - 6th Germany–Korea Hydrogen Conference 2025 CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 03.12.2025 KW - Risk-control KW - Regulatory measures KW - Operational safety KW - Mass transport KW - Full scale tests PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65102 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Tugnoli, Alessandro A1 - Okpeke, Bright A1 - Campoari, Alessandro A1 - Zervaki, Anna T1 - NICOLHy - 2nd Stakeholder Advisory Board meeting N2 - The NICOLHy project aims to develop a novel insulation concept based on Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP) that enables the safe, cost- and energy efficient storage of large quantities of LH2. Such large scale LH2 storage technology is necessary for establishing a hydrogen economy with dimensions between 40.000 m³ and more than 200.000 m³ of LH2. However, new design concepts are needed because the currently available technologies used in small and medium storages today are not suitable for up-scaling. The main problems prohibiting the up-scaling are the long production time due to the process chain, the low failure tolerance and the spherical shape, which reduces the payload in technical applications by up to 50% compared to other shapes. The novel concept will change these conditions by a system which is modular, open-form, time-and cost efficient while production, operation and service, multi-failure tolerant and applicable for onshore and offshore applications. The presentations shows details to the concept and presents several safety concerns the project has to deal with. This document contains all presentations from NICOLHys second Stakeholder Meeting. T2 - NICOLHy 2nd Stakeholder Meeting CY - Athens, Greece DA - 22.01.2025 KW - Liquefied hydrogen KW - Insulation KW - Tanks PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62564 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Wasserstoff - Kryogene Anwendungen N2 - Wasserstoff wird als ein potenzieller alternativer Energieträger gesehen, mit dem die für 2050 gesetzten Klimaziele erreicht werden könnten. Der Transport von Wasserstoff ist mittels verschiedener Speichertechniken möglich, von denen der kryogene Transport mit den größten volumetrischen Energiedichten einhergeht. Hierdurch eignen sich diese Speicher besonders für die energieintensiven Verkehrsmittel im Land-, See- und Flugverkehr. Im Vortrag werden Speichertechniken, Gefahren im Umgang mit kryogenen Gasen sowie bisherige Störfälle dargestellt. Darauf aufbauend wird ein Teil der aktuellen Forschungsarbeit an der BAM vorgestellt, die die Sicherheit dieser Speicher unter außergewöhnlichen Belastungen adressiert. T2 - 26. Gefahrgutkongress Mecklenburg-Vorpommern CY - Rostock, Germany DA - 03.11.2022 KW - Wasserstoff KW - H2 KW - LNG KW - LH2 KW - Tank PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56181 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Camplese, D. T1 - Analysis of high temperature degradation of multi-layer insulation (MLI) systems for liquid hydrogen storage tanks N2 - The interest in hydrogen-based green energy is increasing worldwide, and the same is true for hydrogen-powered vehicles. Among the possible solutions to store hydrogen in such vehicles, cryogenic tanks equipped with multi-layer insulation (MLI) are the most promising to increase the amount of energy stored per unit volume. However, MLI is affected by severe deterioration when exposed to an external source of heat such as a fire following a car accident, leaving the tank unprotected and leading to failure in a relatively short time. In this work, a one-dimensional model to evaluate MLI thermal degradation when a liquid hydrogen tank is exposed to fire is presented. The relevance of taking MLI degradation into account when simulating the pressure increase due to external fire exposure is here demonstrated through the analysis of several case studies. The results show that MLI systems performance depletes within a few minutes of exposure to hydrocarbon poolfire. T2 - ICheaP 16 CY - Naples, Italy DA - 21.05.2023 KW - LH2 KW - MLI KW - Fire KW - Tank PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57553 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Tanks For The Large-Scale Transport And Storage Of Liquefied Hydrogen N2 - Hydrogen is seen as a potential energy source that enables us to achieve our climate targets. Hydrogen can be well integrated into the electrical energy infrastructure, and its production and use is free of direct GHG emissions. However, tanks are needed for worldwide storage and transportation, which need to be further developed and up-scaled. In the EU-funded NICOLHy project, BAM investigates a novel insulation concept based on Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP) that enables the safe, cost- and energy-efficient storage of large quantities of LH2. Such large-scale LH2 storage technology is necessary to build tanks with capacities of 40.000 m³ to more than 200.000 m³ of LH2, as it is in application for LNG today. However, new design concepts are needed because the currently available technologies used in small and medium storages today are not suitable for up-scaling. The main problems prohibiting up-scaling are the long production time due to the process chain, the low failure tolerance, and the spherical shape of the tank, which reduces the payload in technical applications by up to 50% compared to other shapes. The novel concept will change these conditions by a system which is modular, open-form, time-and cost-efficient during production, operation and service, multi-failure tolerant and applicable for onshore and offshore applications. The NICOLHy consortium is ideally suited for this ambitious project. It brings together experts from the fields of thermodynamics, cryogenics, marine, chemistry, process, and safety engineering. Thereby, NICOLHy will accelerate the integration of hydrogen into the European energy economy and industry, which is necessary to be in line with the European Green Deal and to build trust of society in the policy and the technology. T2 - BAM Akademie H2 Safety - Colloquium CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 06.11.2024 KW - LH2 KW - Insulation KW - Liquefied Hydrogen KW - Tank PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61540 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Systems for the storage of cryogenic liquefied gases N2 - Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) establish themselves as important energy carriers in the transport sector. Its storage requires tanks with Thermal Super Insulations (TSI) to keep the transported fluid cold. The presentation includes 2 main topics of the department. First TSI has proven itself in various applications over a long time, but not in the land transport sector, where accidents involving collisions, fires, and their combination are to be expected. To analyze fire scenarios a High-Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (HTTVC) was developed that allows the thermal loading of thermal insulation material in a vacuum and measuring the heat flow through the TSI in parallel. Within this chamber, 5 samples were tested regarding 3 different types of MLI, rock wool, and perlites. In the presentation, the results are presented. Second, the studying of accident scenarios enables the improvement of thermal superinsulation and to find novel insulation concepts. This is necessary for LH2 large-scale storages, for which state-of-the-art solutions are not suitable. Within the presentation, a novel insulation concept will be presented. T2 - Specialist Meeting - Threats to HAZMAT Pressure Vessels and BLEVE CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.04.2023 KW - Crygenic KW - LH2 KW - LNG KW - Fire KW - MLI PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57414 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - LH2 Tanks In Fire Incidents - The Cryogenic High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber Enables In-Depth Insights N2 - Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) establish themselves as important energy carriers in the transport sector. Their storage requires tanks with thermal super-insulations to keep them at cryogenic conditions for a long time. These insulation systems have proven itself in various applications over a long time. However, these insulations are still new in land transportation, where accidents involving collisions, fires, and their combination are to be expected. This study summarizes the results of the ongoing research program in which insulations commonly used in industry were analysed through experimental and numerical studies under fire-like conditions. It was found that there are strong differences among the various insulation systems. Several safety concerns and research gaps exists for layered insulations, which are typically used in land transport. To further analyse these insulation systems, a new test concept called Cryogenic High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC) was developed and manufactured. This concept enables the testing of large insulation samples under industrial conditions and the consideration of cryogenic conditions relevant for the investigation of various phenomena. The results are important for the evaluation of accident scenarios, the improvement of thermal super-insulations, and the development of emergency measures. T2 - IMECE 2024 CY - Portland, OR, USA DA - 17.11.2024 KW - LH2 KW - LNG KW - Fire KW - Insulation KW - Safety PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61752 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hajhariri, Aliasghar A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Cryogenic storage system behaviour under fire : A study of the insulation impact N2 - The transition from fossil fuels to low-emission alternatives is essential to mitigate carbon emissions in energy-intensive sectors. Liquid hydrogen (LH2) is a promising energy carrier due to its high gravimetric energy density, but its storage requires advanced insulation to minimize heat ingress and prevent excessive boil-off losses. Multilayer insulation (MLI), perlite, and microspheres are commonly used under vacuum conditions, yet their performance under fire exposure remains a critical concern. This study investigates the thermal degradation of insulation materials and its impact on heat transfer in an event with extreme thermal load conditions using the Cryogenic High-Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC). The heat flow dynamics are analyzed, and an equivalent heat transfer coefficient is proposed to quantify the impact of insulation deterioration as the outer wall temperature increases. Additionally, a novel liquid-vapor interface monitoring method is introduced to improve real-time detection of phase changes within the tank. The results highlight that insulation failure substantially increases the heat flow, which, if not mitigated, can lead to boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions (BLEVE), jet fires, or catastrophic tank failure. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing LH2 storage safety and improving emergency response strategies for cryogenic tanks exposed to extreme thermal conditions. T2 - 11th International Conference on Hydrogen Safety ICHS 2025 CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 22.09.2025 KW - Multi-Layer Insulation KW - Cryogenic KW - Liquid Hydrogen KW - Heat transfer PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64200 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - Repeatable Testing of a Cryogenic Storage Tank with Variable Insulation Material in Fire Like Conditions N2 - For decarbonizing the energy industry and transport, cryogenic energy carriers have great potential. The storage takes place in tanks with thermal super-insulations, which are in application for decades, but there is only limited knowledge about its behaviour in a fire scenario. This represents a major incident that may generate extraordinary loads on the tank and its insulation system, and that eventually lead to a sudden tank failure. This paper presents a test rig called the Cryogenic High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC), which can be used to test typical thermal superinsulation’s under cryogenic and fire-like conditions in parallel. The test method makes it possible to measure the heat flow through the thermal superinsulation over time and to investigate the degradation behaviour of the insulation within a test. In the paper results from the first tests are presented. T2 - 18th Cryogenics 2025, IIR Conference CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 07.04.2025 KW - LH2 KW - LNG KW - Fire KW - Insulation PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62979 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harwege, Finn T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquefied hydrogen storage tanks N2 - For the future use of liquefied hydrogen (LH2) as a green energy carrier, new concepts for storage tanks and in particular their insulation are necessary. The methodology applied in current LH2 tanks has some disadvantages while manufacturing and operation of large tanks that may be required in the future. While liquefied natural gas tanks exist in the necessary capacities, they are incompatible with LH2 due to its significantly lower storage temperature. In this paper, the possibility of using vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) as an alternative to the conventional double walled, powder filled vacuum insulation is presented. The two systems are introduced and compared on a conceptual level with a focus on the loss of vacuum failure mode. Furthermore, a test rig that enables the testing and quantification of thermal properties of VIP based insulations in ordinary and loss of vacuum conditions is presented. The test rig is a boil-off calorimeter using liquefied nitrogen and features a square cold surface with a side length of 2 m. An overview over the planned testing and its goals is given. T2 - 18th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 08.06.2025 KW - Liquefied Hydrogen KW - LH2 KW - Cryogenics KW - Vacuum KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63426 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Böttcher, Nils T1 - Nominal and Off-Nominal Battery / High Energy Storage Testing Off-Nominal cell and battery testing at BAM N2 - The abuse testing of electrochemical energy storage systems poses a major safety challenge. Thanks to its core competence in ensuring safety in technology and chemistry, BAM has the capabilities to carry out safety tests from small to large scale. Tests up to approx. 200Wh (lithium-ion batteries) can be carried out in the cell test center and abuse tests up to 20kWh are possible in the open field test on the TTS. T2 - Europe Energy Storage Safety Summit CY - Petten, Netherlands DA - 08.10.2024 KW - Battery Safety KW - Abuse testing KW - Lithium-ion batteries KW - Safety critical tests PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62321 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harwege, Finn T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquid hydrogen storage tanks N2 - Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) based insulation could present an alternative to the common double walled vacuum insulation for large liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks. In this paper a brief introduction on VIPs and the envisioned design of VIP-based LH2-tank insulation is given. The design of a flat plate boil-off calorimeter for the testing of the insulation concept is shown, with regard to thermal design, mechanical design and instrumentation. Finally, an overview over the particular challenges for modelling VIP-based insulation and the proposed testing to be performed on the test rig is presented. T2 - 18th Cryogenics IIR International Conference CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 07.04.2025 KW - Liquefied Hydrogen KW - Insulation KW - Calorimeter KW - LH2 KW - VIP KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62988 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Anita T1 - Neues Klassifizierungssystem für Lithiumbatterien N2 - Um Lithiumbatterien sicherer aber gleichzeitig auch dem Gefährdungszustand angemessener und damit wirtschaftlich effizienter transportieren zu können, wird aktuell bei UN ein Klassifizierungssystem nach Gefährlichkeit ausgearbeitet. Als eine der intensiv mitarbeitenden zuständigen Behörden weltweit hat die BAM zahlreiche Untersuchungen selbst durchgeführt und arbeitet an Lösungsansätzen mit. T2 - Gefahrguttag des BMDV im Rahmen der IAA CY - Hannover, Germany DA - 19.09.2024 KW - Lithiumbatterien KW - Klassifizierung KW - Gefahrguttransport KW - Gefährlichkeit PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62326 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert T1 - New concepts in liquid hydrogen storage N2 - On the way to the energy transition, cryogenic fluids such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) are very important. They enable the large-scale economic transport and storage of energy as well as they represent alternative fuels for energy-intensive mobile applications such as aircrafts, ships and HGVs. For the last one, the number of vehicles and fuel stations has increased rapidly in the last 10 years all over Europe. Does this also entail new risks, for instance from a BLEVE in case of fires? To answer this question, BAM has conducted several research projects over the last decades and intensified the research recently with several experimental, numerical, and empirical outcomes on how a tank with insulation behaves in a fire. The presentation shows an overview of this research. The findings are relevant for global standardization procedures and to improve the overall safety in chemistry and technics. T2 - Hydrogen Refueling Station Opening CY - Baruth/Mark, Germany DA - 03.07.2025 KW - LH2 KW - Insulation KW - Fire KW - LNG KW - Safety PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63628 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bock, Robert T1 - Introduction Living Lab Hydrogen Refueling Station N2 - Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) forscht und prüft für Sicherheit in Technik und Chemie an drei Standorten in Berlin, sowie auf dem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit in Horstwalde in Brandenburg. Hier haben wir weitreichende Möglichkeiten, Großversuche im Realmaßstab durchzuführen. Besonderes Augenmerk richten wir heute auf das Reallabor Wasserstofftankstelle. Diese voll digitalisierte technische Anlage, die die Wertschöpfungskette von Wasserstoff abbildet, wurde gerade eröffnet und steht nun Partnern aus Industrie und Forschung sowie kleinen mittelständischen Unternehmen oder Start-Ups zum gemeinsamen Forschen und Erproben neuer Technologie zur Verfügung. Ihre Besonderheiten umfassen z.B. eine umfassende Prozessüberwachung nach Industrie 4.0, die dafür nötige IT/OT Infrastruktur, Digitale Zwillinge auf verschiedenen Ebenen, großflächige Aufstellung und baulicher Schutz, Gas-Probenahmestellen auf dem Weg durch die Anlage und H2-Sensornetzwerke zur frühzeitigen Erfassung und Ortung von Leckagen. T2 - Sonderkolloquium H2safety@BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.11.2025 KW - Wasserstoff KW - Reallabor KW - Digitalisierung PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64699 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kästle, Emanuel A1 - Duffner, Eric A1 - Ghaznavi, Ali T1 - DAVID Project meeting 23.09.2025 N2 - Yearly report on the DAVID project, presented in front of the consortial partners. The report shows the progress achieved by the DAVID project team at BAM in terms of testing newly developed carbon-fiber reinforced pressure vessels of type IV. T2 - DAVID project meeting CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 23.09.2025 KW - Acoustic Emission KW - Pressure Vessels KW - DAVID project KW - Damage monitoring KW - Fiber reinforced polymers PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65289 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sander, Luise T1 - Linking material and electrode properties to the cell performance of commercially available sodium-ion cells N2 - As the first commercial sodium-ion-batteries (SIBs) are available for purchase, it is possible to investigate material composition. Gaining an insight into the material composition of these SIBs is of interest not only for the classification of possible safety risks and hazards, but also in regard to recycling. Herein we report the preliminary investigations of the chemical and structural composition of first commercial SIB-cells.[1,2] Two different SIB-cell types were compared in terms of electrode size, thickness, loading etc. Furthermore, the composition of the active materials and electrolyte was investigated and compared. Finally, the gained results were linked to the different data sheet performance of the two cell types. T2 - Batterieforum Deutschland 2026 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 20.01.2026 KW - Electrochemical Energy Storage KW - Battery KW - Sodium-ion-battery KW - EES KW - Energy Storage PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65588 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. T1 - Capabilities of using mobile platforms for monitoring hazard scenarios by the example of the RASEM project N2 - This presentation shows the capabilities of mobile platforms for monitoring hazard scenarios. As an example the RASEM project is presented. Furthermore two ideas for future work are shown, namely, Aerial-based Gas Tomography and Passive Smart Dust. T2 - Climate Change @ Fire Science Workshop CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 10.11.2022 KW - RASEM KW - Dust sensor KW - Low-cost KW - Sensor network KW - Passive Smart Dust KW - Gas Tomography PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56296 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dietzmann, Simon T1 - Between Homogenous and Heterogenous Catalysis: Single-Atom-Catalysts N2 - Catalysis is a very important process in chemistry as it lowers the energy barrier for chemical reactions. This saves energy and/or some reactions are only possible with a catalyst under the desired conditions (temperature and pressure). Catalysts can be roughly categorized depending on the phase they interact with the substrates in homogenous and heterogenous catalysis. T2 - 5. Deutsche Tagung für Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Neutronen und Ionenstrahlen an Großgeräten (SNI2022) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 05.09.2022 KW - Single-atom-catalyst KW - Electrochemistry KW - Porous carbons PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-61989 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dietzmann, Simon A1 - Mehmood, Asad A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Fellinger, Tim-Patrick A1 - Thomas, A. T1 - Characterization of Solid-State Complexes by XAS N2 - Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen doped carbons (M-N-C) are promising catalysts for the activation of small molecules such as O2 and CO2. These single atom catalysts (SAC) operate at the interface between homogenous and heterogenous catalysts. Currently, many examples of M-N-C are known with good oxygen reduction reaction activity but lacking a controlled synthesis of the specific active sites of the precatalyst. Recently, our group facilitated the synthesis of pure pyrrolic M-N4 sites using Zn ions as imprinters.[1] These amorphous materials obtained by active site imprinting method are characterized at the BAMline (Bessy II) by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). In-situ/operando measurements will be crucial in future work for a better understanding of the dynamic changes of the active site. T2 - InSynX Workshop 2023 CY - Sao Paulo, Brazil DA - 06.03.2023 KW - Solid-State Complexes PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58933 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Altmann, Korinna T1 - PE-Rezyklat Einsatz in Gefahrgutbehältern? N2 - In diesem Vortrag geht es darum zu beschreiben, ob Rezyklat für PE Behälter gefüllt mit Gefahrgut Anwendung finden darf. Kanister aus Neuware und Rezyklat wurden verschiedenen Untersuchungen unterzogen. Es wurde der Feststoff und Leachable getestet. Methoden sind TED-GC/MS und GC-HRMS. Proben der Leachable wurden nach 1 und 4 Wochen genommen und die Peakanzahl vergleichen dargestellt. Als Lösemittel wurden Wasser, Ethanol, EtOAc, Ammoniak und HNO3 verwendet. T2 - Fachaustausch Projekt GeSKAR CY - Dessau, Germany DA - 10.01.2025 KW - Gefahrgutbehälter KW - Rezyklat PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62396 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dietzmann, Simon T1 - Between Homogenous and Heterogenous Catalysis: Single-Atom-Catalysts N2 - Catalysis is a very important process in chemistry as it lowers the energy barrier for chemical reactions. This saves energy and/or some reactions are only possible with a catalyst under the desired conditions (temperature and pressure). Catalysts can be roughly categorized depending on the phase they interact with the substrates in heterougenous and heterogenous catalyst T2 - RÅC international summer school CY - Varberg, Sweden DA - 14.08.2022 KW - Single-atom-catalyst KW - Electrochemistry KW - Porous carbons PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-61983 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dietzmann, Simon T1 - XAS for structural characterization of atomically dispersed materials N2 - metal and nitrogen enriched carbons (M-N-C) are promising electrocatalysts for small molecule activation. It is proposed that the nitrogen is forming a stabilizing N4-site for the catalytically active metal. This can be proven by XAS measurements to confirm the coordination sphere around the metal. T2 - Bessy User Meeting CY - Online meeting DA - 08.12.2024 KW - Single-atom-catalyst KW - Structural characterization KW - Porous carbons PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-61994 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard T1 - Holistic Experimentation in the HExX-Lab N2 - Through bottom-up, comprehensive digitalisation of all aspects of an experiment, the HEX-lab improves the trustworthiness (traceability, reproducibility, quality) of scientific findings. The five main parts that make up a materials science experiment, i.e. Sample preparation, Measurements, Processing, Analysis, and Interpretation, each have been addressed in thorough and unique ways in this lab, building up a foundation for a wide range of materials science collaborations. Improvements span the spectrum. Hardware developments include new sample environments and stages, such as grazing incidence motion towers, electrochemistry cells and flow-through holders, electronic components such as safety interlocks and multipurpose I/O controllers, and liquid handling systems such as coolant flow cross-over systems. Software developments include: 1) a new comprehensive control system operating on both the RoWaN as well as the MOUSE allowing for full Python control and sequencing of all experimentation, 2) Automated scripts for instrument optimization, sample alignments and measurements, 3) revamped data pipelines and analysis software, standalone or launched as part of operations sequencing dashboards on servers, and 4) meticulously structured archival datafiles, fully documenting sample preparation, measurements, processing and analyses. These allow for holistic databases and dashboards to be constructed to investigate the links between synthesis parameters and resulting morphology. This poster will highlight some of the tools and techniques developed and available in the HEX-lab over the years, from sample environments to overarching experiment and data organisation structures. T2 - Materials Science Core Facility Synergy Forum 2025 CY - Bremen, Germany DA - 26.02.2025 KW - Digitalization KW - Holistic experiments KW - Traceability KW - Data provenance PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62675 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gleim, Tobias T1 - Großbrandversuche von Elektrofahrzeugen zum Transport Gefährlicher Güter N2 - Der zunehmende Einsatz von batterieelektrischen Transportfahrzeugen (Battery Electric Transport Vehicles – BETVs) im Verkehrswesen wirft Sicherheitsfragen beim Transport gefährlicher Güter auf. Obwohl Batteriebrände auf Zell-, Modul- und Fahrzeugebene umfassend untersucht wurden, fehlen systematische Daten zu deren thermischen Auswirkungen auf Gefahrgutverpackungen. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, führt die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) auf ihrem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit (BAM-TTS) groß angelegte Brandtests durch, in denen konservative Unfallszenarien mit unterschiedlichen Zellchemien und -kapazitäten nachgestellt werden. Die Tests kombinieren fahrzeugbedingte Brandlasten mit standardisierten Propan-Referenzbränden und erfassen mittels hochauflösender Instrumente zentrale Messgrößen wie Wärmefluss, Temperatur und Strahlung. Der daraus entstehende Datensatz liefert erstmals eine direkte Quantifizierung der thermischen Auswirkungen von BETV-Bränden auf Verpackungen und unterstützt Expertengremien bei der Bewertung, ob bestehende regulatorische Anforderungen für alternative Antriebssysteme weiterhin angemessen sind. T2 - Informationsaustausch zur verkehrsrechtlichen Aufsicht bei der Beförderung radioaktiver Stoffe CY - Salzgitter, Germany DA - 03.02.2026 KW - Batteriebrand KW - IAEA KW - Gefahrgut KW - Transport PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65626 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wu, Shu-Han T1 - MOF-derived Synthetic Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries N2 - Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) family, are attractive precursors for advanced energy-storage materials. Upon pyrolysis, ZIFs can be transformed into electrically conductive carbon materials while preserving their original particle morphology, which is crucial for achieving high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes. Despite these advantages, large-scale implementation remains challenging due to the need for synthesis routes that balance performance, cost, and sustainability. The present study addresses these challenges by developing environmentally benign and economically feasible strategies for the scalable production of ZIF-8-derived carbon anodes suitable for industrial applications. T2 - Batterieforum Deutschland 2026 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 20.01.2026 KW - Sodium-ion battery KW - Negative electrode KW - Metalorganic frameworks PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65644 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Werner, Jan A1 - Böttcher, Nils A1 - Soderer, Hannes T1 - Batterieelektrisch betriebene FL/AT-Fzg.-Vorschriften und Sicherheit N2 - Überblick über Vorschriftenlage, Technik der Batterien und aktuelle Forschung. Aufzeigen bestehender Unschärfen in der Rechtslage, Sicherheitsfragestellungen zu Batterietechnik sowie Interaktion mit Gefahrgut. T2 - E-Mobilität in der Chemielogistik CY - Duisburg, Germany DA - 04.03.2026 KW - Batterieelektrische Antriebe KW - Gefahrgut KW - ADR KW - Unfallfeuer KW - Wärmeübertragung KW - Lithium Ionen Batterien PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65663 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Böttcher, Nils T1 - Kick-off LiBaTra - WP4: Safety Tests N2 - Die BAM ist Projektpartner im vom BMWE geförderten Verbundvorhaben LiBaTra („Lithium-Ionen-Batterie Transport und sichere Deaktivierung für das Recycling“). Weitere Projektpartner neben der BAM sind die Universität Braunschweig mit dem iPAT (Institut für Partikeltechnik) sowie die Firmen Siemens Energy SE sowie No Canary. Die BAM bearbeitet das Teilvorhaben „Risikobestimmung tiefenentladener Energiespeicher“ (FKZ: 03EI6145A-D). Die Präsentation gibt die wesentlichen Arbeitsinhalte des Teilvorhabens der BAM wieder. T2 - Kick-off Meeting des Verbundvorhabens LiBaTra CY - Online meeting DA - 17.02.2026 KW - Auswirkungsbetrachtungen KW - Elektrische Energiespeicher KW - Lithium-Ionen-Batterie KW - Stationäre Energiespeicher KW - Thermisches Durchgehen PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65657 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -