TY - CONF
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - National Alliance for Hydrogen Safety
N2 - Hydrogen as an energy carrier offers the possibility of establishing a global and local CO2-neutral energy economy. The Hydrogen Clusters4Future bundle already existing expertise in the field of hydrogen technologies in and around Aachen with actors from Industry, Science and Society. All while considering the entire hydrogen life cycle – from production to storage and distribution to use. Safety is also an important issue and independant analysis on a national level is actually not possible in Germany. Other countries like the US and Canada established national safety alliances to offer support to companies and authorities. BAM, together with other independant institutes in Germany started to establish the National Alliance for Hydrogen Safety and presented this alliance to the community of the Hydrogen Clusters4Future.
T2 - Aachen Hydrogen Colloquium
CY - Aachen, Germany
DA - 14.05.2024
KW - Hydrogen Safety
KW - National Alliance
KW - Networking
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-61403
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
T1 - Influence of solid lubricant fillers on the tribological behaviour of PEEK composites in vacuum
N2 - Polymer composites are widely used as dry sliding materials for economical reasons or in special cases where the application of liquid lubricants or greases is not possible. Examples can be found in space, vacuum, low temperature, or cleanroom environment. For such dry sliding tribosystems it is necessary to achieve acceptable low friction and endurance.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has proved to be an outstanding material for the use in tribological applications in vacuum in the broad temperature range from - 260 °C to + 260 °C. A promising matrix material is polyetheretherketon (PEEK). Like PTFE, it is also resistant to many aggressive solvents and has a very low vapor pressure, making it suitable for vacuum applications. The tribological behaviour of PEEK and PEEK-matrix composites has been investigated in many studies. However, the number of studies of self lubricating PEEK composites filled with PTFE and other solid lubricants are limited for vacuum and ultra high vacuum environment.
The paper presents results of high-vacuum friction tests of different carbon fibre reinforced PEEK composites filled with PTFE, and a further solid lubricant. The polymer samples were tested in pin-on-disc configuration against X5CrNi1810 steel (similar to AISI 304). Depending on sliding speed and temperature, friction coefficients as low as for PVD coatings have been observed.
T2 - 13th European Space Mechanisms and Tribology Symposium (ESMATS 13)
CY - Vienna, Austria
DA - 2009-09-23
PY - 2009
AN - OPUS4-19892
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
T1 - Tribology of polymer materials in cryogenic hydrogen and methane
N2 - The development of hydrogen technologies is a key strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emission worldwide. Power-to-Gas is a challenging solution, in which hydrogen and methane can be used in mobility, industry, heat supply and electriity generation applications. This presentation deals with the tribological behaviour of polymer materials in hydrogen and methane, both in gas and in liquid form.
T2 - 2018 HYDROGENIUS & I2CNER Tribology Symposium
CY - Fukuoka, Japan
DA - 02.02.2018
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Methane
KW - Sliding friction
KW - Polymers
KW - Cryogenic temperature
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-44483
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
T1 - Tribology of polymer materials in hydrogen
N2 - The polymer chemical structure of the polyimide has a major influence on the tribological behaviour. The addition of graphite in PI2 has a beneficial effect in hydrogen on the friction and wear. The low friction of graphite is associated with a lubricant film in hydrogen. The influence of hydrogen on graphite is more effective than humidity. CNTs have a similar effect to that of graphite in PEEK composites. TiO2 particles improve significantly the wear rate both in vacuum and hydrogen environment. In LH2 friction and wear decrease for unfilled polymers. Friction of graphite filled composites increases slightly and wear rate is stable.
T2 - 10. International Hydrogen Energy Development Forum 2016 / 2016 HYDROGENIUS & I2CNER Tribology Symposium
CY - Fukuoka, Japan
DA - 04.02.2016
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Tribology
KW - Polymer materials
KW - Cryogenic temperature
KW - CNT
KW - TiO2
KW - PEEK
PY - 2016
AN - OPUS4-35641
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Cano Murillo, Natalia
A1 - Sawae, Y.
A1 - Shinmori, H.
A1 - Hashimoto, H.
A1 - Aoyagi, A.
A1 - Dobbelaar, E.
T1 - Towards sustainable and hydrogen compatible sealing materials
N2 - Materialien auf PTFE-Basis werden in der Regel als Kolbenringe in Hochdruck- und/oder kryogenem Wasserstoff verwendet. In diesem Projekt werden neu formulierte und nachhaltigere Polymerwerkstoffe mit herkömmlichen Materialien verglichen. Auf Grundlage der tribologischen Ergebnisse werden vielversprechende Kandidaten zusammen mit Reibungsmechanismen sowohl bei Hochdruck- als auch bei Niedrigtemperatur-Wasserstoff vorgeschlagen.
T2 - 66. GfT Tribologie-Fachtagung 2025
CY - Wernigerode, Germany
DA - 29.09.2025
KW - Wasserstoff
KW - Reibung
KW - Verschleiß
KW - Kolbenring
KW - Dynamische Dichtung
PY - 2025
VL - 09
SP - 1
EP - 4
AN - OPUS4-64314
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Schaad, C.
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Groth, Katrina M.
T1 - A Framework for Transforming Process Control System Data from a Hydrogen Fueling Station into HyCReD Data
N2 - Reliability data for hydrogen infrastructure components is essential for developing Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) for these technologies, which in turn is necessary for a safer deployment and expansion of the hydrogen market. However, there is currently a lack of hydrogen component reliability data available for these systems, thus limiting the usefulness of insights obtained from these QRA. The Hydrogen Component Reliability Database (HyCReD) has been proposed as a tool for reliability data collection and as a source for future QRAs. In this paper, we develop a digital tool that automatically processes data coming from Process Control System (PCS) in a hydrogen fueling station, detects the relevant failure events for hydrogen systems during its operation, and then logs the event information into HyCReD. To build this tool, we first categorized the station components in hydrogen service, their specific failure modes, and the specific failure mechanisms that are relevant to a QRA. Then, we identified the data available in the station PCS and the methods available for diagnosing the relevant failure events. The resulting tool is divided into three steps: (1) PCS data collection through an API, (2) data analysis for the detection and diagnosis of new failure events, and (3) logging that event into HyCReD. Finally, we discuss the potential for expanding the detection and diagnosis to more complex failure modes present in a hydrogen fueling station. This digital tool is set for implementation and validation on an experimental hydrogen fueling site. The goal for this digital tool is to be applicable to every kind of hydrogen fueling station and to be extendable to similar hydrogen technologies.
T2 - 35th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL2025) and the 33rd Society for Risk Analysis Europe Conference (SRA-E 2025)
CY - Stavanger, Norway
DA - 15.06.2025
KW - Reliability data
KW - Hydrogen safety
KW - HyCReD
KW - Hydrogen Component Reliability Database
KW - Hydrogen fueling station
KW - Hydrogen refuelling station
KW - HRS
PY - 2025
UR - https://rpsonline.com.sg/proceedings/esrel-sra-e2025/html/ESREL-SRA-E2025-P6264.html
SN - 978-981-94-3281-3
DO - https://doi.org/10.3850/978-981-94-3281-3-procd
SP - 2663
EP - 2670
PB - Research Publishing
CY - Singapore
AN - OPUS4-63532
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zunkel, Astrid
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Schlischka, Jörg
T1 - Stolt Rotterdam - The sinking of an acid freighter
N2 - The Stolt Rotterdam tanker ship, filled with nitric acid, was unloading at the Krefeld-Uerdingen terminal on the Rhine River in November 2001. Nitric acid ran out of the stainless steel tanks into the ship's hull and damaged the structural steel. The ship then caught fire and sank at the terminal. Large quantities of nitrogen oxides were emitted, which drifted towards a residential area. Additionally, a mixture of acid and water was introduced into the Rhine River. The area became hazardous to people and the natural environment; however, the imminent danger for the residents and the environment was reduced because of the protective measures against pollution and the good teamwork between local authorities, fire brigades and the Bayer AG company. The acid was drained off of the ship using a controlled discharge of the acid into the river. Through the use of this measure, the ship was salvaged, limiting the pollution to the area and removing the health hazards to the people and the environment. After the ship was salvaged, the river police, along with assistance from the BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, impounded the ship and selected corroded parts for further examination. Some of these components have been examined in detail by the BAM. These material investigations contributed to the elucidation of the origin of the leak in the floor panel. The cause of damage was deemed to be a result of a construction flaw at the enamelled valve on the load and discharge pipes.
The results from the comparative corrosion testing using the original structural steel and 60% acid revealed that the valves began to leak at least 8 h prior to the incident at the terminal.
KW - Freighter
KW - Nitric acid
KW - Corrosion
KW - Valve
KW - Flat gasket
PY - 2014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.03.002
SN - 1350-6307
SN - 1873-1961
VL - 43
IS - Special Issue 'A Tribute to Prof. A. Martens'
SP - 221
EP - 231
PB - Elsevier Science Publ.
CY - Oxford
AN - OPUS4-31596
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mantion, Alexandre
A1 - Graf, P.
A1 - Florea, I.
A1 - Haase, A.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Masic, A.
A1 - Ersen, O.
A1 - Rabu, P.
A1 - Meier, W.
A1 - Luch, A.
A1 - Taubert, A.
T1 - Biomimetic synthesis of chiral erbium-doped silver/peptide/silica core-shell nanoparticles (ESPN)
N2 - Peptide-modified silver nanoparticles have been coated with an erbium-doped silica layer using a method inspired by silica biomineralization. Electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering confirm the presence of an Ag/peptide core and silica shell. The erbium is present as small Er2O3 particles in and on the silica shell. Raman, IR, UV-Vis, and circular dichroism spectroscopies show that the peptide is still present after shell formation and the nanoparticles conserve a chiral plasmon resonance. Magnetic measurements find a paramagnetic behavior. In vitro tests using a macrophage cell line model show that the resulting multicomponent nanoparticles have a low toxicity for macrophages, even on partial dissolution of the silica shell.
KW - Nanoparticle
KW - Small-angle X-ray scattering
KW - SAXS
PY - 2011
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c1nr10930h
SN - 2040-3364
SN - 2040-3372
VL - 3
IS - 12
SP - 5168
EP - 5179
PB - RSC Publ.
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-25422
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Moufid, M.
A1 - Bouchikhi, B.
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias
A1 - El Bari, N.
T1 - Assessment of outdoor odor emissions from polluted sites using simultaneous thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS), electronic nose in conjunction with advanced multivariate statistical approaches
N2 - Poor air quality, particularly in urban areas, causes various diseases and degrades living standards. Air Quality could be affected by emissions of odor, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and other gases. Therefore, assessment and monitoring of odorous air quality using sensitive, simple, rapid, accurate and portable tools is very important for public health. This study aimed to characterize odor emissions to detect malfunctions in facilities and to prevent air pollution and olfactory nuisance in the environment. A gas chromatographic method, in conjunction with sensorial analysis were performed for odorous air samples analysis collected from neighborhood of Meknes city (Morocco). Advanced multivariate statistical approaches, such as Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), were used to describe samples similarities. The electronic nose (e-nose) data processing exhibits a satisfactory discrimination between the odorous air samples. Twenty-four VOCs with known molecular formulas were identified with Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). A validated Partial Least Square (PLS) model foresees good calibration between e-nose measurement and TD-GCMS analysis. The finding indicates that TD-GC–MS approach in conjunction with e-nose unit could be suitable tool for environmental measurement-based odor emissions.
KW - Electronic nose
KW - TD-GC-MS
KW - PLS regression
KW - Multivariate analysis
KW - Outdoor odor emissions
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118449
SN - 1352-2310
VL - 256
SP - 118449
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-52626
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
T1 - An overview of tribology in gaseous Hydrogen
N2 - In this presentation, an overview in gaseous hydrogen is given along with examples related to metal, coatings, polymers and rubbers materials.
T2 - International Seminar, Hydrogen & Materials 2024
CY - Espoo, Finland
DA - 06.06.2024
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Friction
KW - Wear
KW - Materials
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-61408
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Hildebrandt, Jana
T1 - PP Nanoplastics Dispersed In Water As Reference Materials
N2 - Plastic debris in micron and nanometer scale pollutes the nature all over the world. The potential dangers of these pollutants remain unpredictable. While risk assessment studies on microplastic are already popular, nanoplastic has not yet reached the same focus of investigation. The reason for this difference is simple: There is a “methodological gap” in the analytics of plastic particles with a diameter smaller than 1 µm. Submicron and nano plastic particles are currently not detectable in environmental matrices. Therefore, it is important for researchers to have a well-characterized nanoplastic material, that serves as a reference for nanoplastic found in nature.
Our aim was to synthesize nanoplastics made from the most common used plastics, starting with polypropylene (PP). We found an easy way to form nanoparticles consisting of PP (nano-PP), adapting and improving the method presented for polystyrene (PS). PP was dispersed to acetone and then transferred to water. No additional surfactant is needed to obtain a dispersion which is stable for more than 35 weeks. The
The success of forming nanoplastics and their size was detected via scattering methods, predominantly dynamic light scattering (DLS). To examine the good stability of the nanoparticles, zeta potential measurements were performed, which revealed zeta potentials of -30 to -40 mV.
This method is repeatable and well suited to produce reference material, as which we propose our prepared particles, based on a homogeneity study, that we performed, following the ISO Guide 35 for reference materials.
T2 - Prague Meeting on Macromolecules 2022
CY - Prag, Czechia
DA - 24.07.2022
KW - Nanoplastic
KW - Reference material
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-55961
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Grasse, Dennis
T1 - Aufsprenungen von Fahrausweisautomaten und deren Untersuchung
N2 - Angriffe auf Geld- bzw. Fahrkartenautomaten durch Einleiten und Zünden eines explosionsfähigen Gasgemisches oder Sprengstoffes stellen erhebliche Gefährdungen von Personen und Umfeld des Tatorts dar. In den letzten Jahren wurden vermehrend Angriffe auf diese Weise durchgeführt. In Zusammenarbeit mit dem LKA Sachsen-Anhalt wurde nun mit Täterwerkzeug aus einem laufenden Gerichtsverfahren Gassprengungen durchgeführt um weitere Erkenntnisse zum Tätervorgehen zu gewinnen.
T2 - 12. Infoveranstaltung Sprengstoffe und Pyrotechnik, BAM
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 18.05.2017
KW - Fahrkartenautomaten
KW - Geldautomaten
KW - Gas-Sprengung
PY - 2017
AN - OPUS4-40553
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kathan, M.
A1 - Kovaricek, P.
A1 - Jurissek, Ch.
A1 - Senf, A.
A1 - Dallmann, A.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Hecht, S.
T1 - Control of Imine Exchange Kinetics with Photoswitches to Modulate Self-Healing in Polysiloxane Networks by Light Illumination
N2 - Various aldehyde-containing photoswitches have been developed whose reactivity toward amines can be controlled externally. A thermally stable bifunctional diarylethene, which in its ring-closed form exhibits imine formation accelerated by one order of magnitude, was used as a photoswitchable crosslinker and mixed with a commercially available amino-functionalized polysiloxane to yield a rubbery material with viscoelastic and self-healing properties that can be reversibly tuned by irradiation.
KW - Polymer
KW - Self-healing
KW - Rheology
KW - Nanotechnology
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201605311
SN - 1433-7851 (print)
SN - 1521-3773 (online)
VL - 55
IS - 44
SP - 13882
EP - 13886
PB - Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-37904
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Hydrogen sensing - Sensors for safety and process control in Hydrogentechnologies
N2 - The success of this energy transition and the efficient utilization of green hydrogen as a pristine energy carrier hinge upon the cultivation of hydrogen readiness, swift market expansion, and the establishment of crucial value chains within national and European contexts. Paramount to these objectives are reliable quality and safety standards, essential for ensuring supply safety, environmental compatibility, and instilling confidence in these technologies.
In the realm of safety management systems, gas sensors emerge as vital components for detecting hydrogen. This presentation delves into the imperative role of hydrogen systems, emphasizing their capability to monitor and control operations, issue warnings, signal hazardous conditions, and sound alarms. It explores the intricate landscape of functional safety considerations and addresses the challenges associated with measurement uncertainty in sensor testing.
A diverse array of sensors catering to hydrogen, pressure, temperature, and flow are available, each contributing significantly to the safety and efficiency of hydrogen technologies. Applications are envisaged to adhere meticulously to quality infrastructural regulations, codes, and standards, ensuring seamless integration and operation within the broader hydrogen ecosystem.
This discussion underscores the ubiquitous presence of sensor systems across various fields within hydrogen technologies, illustrating their multifaceted contributions to safety, reliability, and overall success in realizing the transformative potential of green hydrogen.
T2 - Summer School 2023 Characterization of micro- and nano-materials at BTU Cottbus
CY - Cottbus, Germany
DA - 11.09.2023
KW - H2Safety@BAM
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Sensor
KW - Gas detection
KW - Process control
KW - Safety
KW - Sensor testing
PY - 2023
AN - OPUS4-59227
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lichtenstein, D.
A1 - Ebmeyer, J.
A1 - Knappe, Patrick
A1 - Juling, S.
A1 - Böhmert, L.
A1 - Selve, S.
A1 - Niemann, B.
A1 - Braeuning, A.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Lampen, A.
T1 - Impact of food components during in vitro digestion of silver nanoparticles on cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in intestinal cells
N2 - Because of the rising application of nanoparticles in food and food-related products, we investigated the influence of the digestion process on the toxicity and cellular uptake of silver nanoparticles for intestinal cells. The main food components – carbohydrates, proteins and fatty acids – were implemented in an in vitro digestion process to simulate realistic conditions. Digested and undigested silver nanoparticle suspensions were used for uptake studies in the well-established Caco-2 model. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to estimate particle core size, size distribution and stability in cell culture medium. Particles proved to be stable and showed radii from 3.6 to 16.0 nm. Undigested particles and particles digested in the presence of food components were comparably taken up by Caco-2 cells, whereas the uptake of particles digested without food components was decreased by 60%. Overall, these findings suggest that in vivo ingested poly (acrylic acid)-coated silver nanoparticles may reach the intestine in a nanoscaled form even if enclosed in a food matrix. While appropriate for studies on the uptake into intestinal cells, the Caco-2 model might be less suited for translocation studies. Moreover, we show that nanoparticle digestion protocols lacking food components may lead to misinterpretation of uptake studies and inconclusive results.
KW - Nanoparticle
KW - Nanosilver
KW - Silver
PY - 2015
DO - https://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2015-0145
SN - 1431-6730
SN - 1432-0355
SN - 1437-4315
VL - 396
IS - 11
SP - 1255
EP - 1264
PB - De Gruyter
CY - Berlin [u.a.]
AN - OPUS4-34887
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Eberwein, Robert
A1 - Hajhariri, Aliasghar
A1 - Otremba, Frank
A1 - Camplese, Davide
A1 - Scarponi, Giordano E.
A1 - Cozzani, Valerio
A1 - Seidlitz, Holger
T1 - Repeatable testing of a cryogenic storage tank with variable insulation material in fire like conditions
N2 - For decarbonizing the energy industry and transport, cryogenic energy carriers have great potential. The storage takes place in tanks with thermal super-insulations, which are in application for decades, but there is only limited knowledge about its behaviour in a fire scenario. This represents a major incident that may generate extraordinary loads on the tank and its insulation system, and that eventually lead to a sudden tank failure. This paper presents a test rig called the Cryogenic High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC), which can be used to test typical thermal superinsulation’s under cryogenic and fire-like conditions in parallel. The test method makes it possible to measure the heat flow through the thermal superinsulation over time and to investigate the degradation behaviour of the insulation within a test. In the paper results from the first tests are presented.
T2 - 18th Cryogenics 2025, IIR Conference
CY - Prague, Czech Republic
DA - 07.04.2025
KW - LH2
KW - LNG
KW - Fire
KW - Insulation
KW - Safety
PY - 2025
DO - https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.cryo.2025.0007
SP - 205
EP - 210
CY - Prag
AN - OPUS4-63740
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Hajhariri, Aliasghar
A1 - Eberwein, Robert
T1 - Cryogenic storage system behaviour under fire : A study of the insulation impact
N2 - The transition from fossil fuels to low-emission alternatives is essential to mitigate carbon emissions in energy-intensive sectors. Liquid hydrogen (LH2) is a promising energy carrier due to its high gravimetric energy density, but its storage requires advanced insulation to minimize heat ingress and prevent excessive boil-off losses. Multilayer insulation (MLI), perlite, and microspheres are commonly used under vacuum conditions, yet their performance under fire exposure remains a critical concern. This study investigates the thermal degradation of insulation materials and its impact on heat transfer in an event with extreme thermal load conditions using the Cryogenic High-Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC). The heat flow dynamics are analyzed, and an equivalent heat transfer coefficient is proposed to quantify the impact of insulation deterioration as the outer wall temperature increases. Additionally, a novel liquid-vapor interface monitoring method is introduced to improve real-time detection of phase changes within the tank. The results highlight that insulation failure substantially increases the heat flow, which, if not mitigated, can lead to boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions (BLEVE), jet fires, or catastrophic tank failure. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing LH2 storage safety and improving emergency response strategies for cryogenic tanks exposed to extreme thermal conditions.
T2 - 11th International Conference on Hydrogen Safety ICHS 2025
CY - Seoul, South Korea
DA - 22.09.2025
KW - Multi-Layer Insulation
KW - Cryogenic
KW - Liquid Hydrogen
KW - Heat transfer
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64200
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
A1 - Österle, Werner
A1 - Brückner, A.
A1 - Weihnacht, V.
T1 - Friction and endurance of MoS2/ta-C coatings produced by laser arc deposition
N2 - The tribological behaviour of MoS2/ta-C double layer coatings deposited by Laser-Arc technology was investigated in vacuum and air. In vacuum environment, the friction coefficient against steel balls varies between 0.005 and 0.02 depending on the contact pressure. At high contact pressures, the friction coefficient is as low as 0.005 and the life time between 340,000 and 500,000 cycles. Furthermore, it is shown that a ta-C base layer improves the performance of MoS2 coating.
Surface analyses were performed before and after the tribological tests by means of SEM, EDX, XRD, and TEM. They show that in the top layer beneath the sliding surface crystallization of the initially quasi-amorphous MoS2 took place. TEM images also verified an orientation of the basal MoS2-lattice planes parallel to the surface.
KW - MoS2 coatings
KW - Ta-C
KW - Vacuum
KW - Laser arc deposition
PY - 2013
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2012.10.007
SN - 0043-1648
VL - 297
IS - 1-2
SP - 791
EP - 801
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-27114
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
ED - Kalia, S.
ED - Fu, S.-Y.
T1 - Friction an wear of polymer materials at cryogenic temperatures
N2 - Polymers are extensively used for sliding systems in cryogenic applications because of their favourable friction and wear behaviour in the absence of external lubrication. Since important new technologies are based on applications under extreme conditions, such as at low temperatures, new requirements on material properties, in particular regarding their operability and reliability, must be met. Up to now, most tribological investigations have been carried out in inert cryogens or cryogenic gas (He, N2). Few experiments have been performed in vacuum environment at cryogenic temperatures. Rarely were testing in reactive media, such as LH2 or LOX. Due to the wide range of operating conditions in cryogenic applications, it is difficult to state general rules. Therefore, this chapter tends to give an overview on theories and experimental studies on polymer tribology at cryogenic temperatures.
PY - 2013
SN - 978-3-642-35334-5
SN - 978-3-642-35335-2
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35335-2_3
SP - Chapter 3, 41
EP - 58
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin Heidelberg
AN - OPUS4-31188
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Johann, Sergej
A1 - Dessel, S.
T1 - Prüfanweisung für Gassensoren
N2 - Viele Sensoren sind auf dem Markt, die flüchtige organische Substanzen im Innenraum nicht nur messen, sondern gleichzeitig auch die Luftgüte bewerten. Damit diese Sensoren gute und vergleichbare Daten liefern, erarbeitet ein Fachausschuss der VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (GMA) eine neue VDI-Richtlinie.
KW - VOC
KW - Gassensor
KW - Innenraumluft
KW - IAQ
KW - Richtlinie
KW - Gasmesssystem
PY - 2021
VL - 51
IS - 03-04
SP - 41
EP - 42
AN - OPUS4-52445
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Detjens, Marc
A1 - Fechner, A.
A1 - Sielemann, S.
A1 - Lorek, A.
A1 - Wernecke, R.
A1 - Stoltenberg, H.
T1 - Development of a device for staged determination of water activity and moisture content
N2 - Moisture content and water activity are important parameters for quality characterization of products like bulk materials, powders, granules. Thus, an exact determination is necessarily required in a wide range of industrial applications. Moisture of materials is the content of non-chemically bound water in a solid or liquid. Water activity (aW) is a characteristic/parameter of the non-chemically bound ("free") water in materials and is measured as humidity over a solid/liquid surface at constant temperature (equilibrium moisture content). It is an important parameter to characterize the quality of e. g. pharmaceutical and food products. In our contribution, we present the developed MOISHUM device for staged determination of water activity and moisture content of liquid and solid materials.
T2 - Eurosensors 2018
CY - Graz, Austria
DA - 09.09.2018
KW - Water activity
KW - Moisture
KW - Coulometric humidity sensor
KW - MOISHUM
PY - 2018
SN - 2504-3900
SP - 7253, 1
EP - 4
PB - MDPI
AN - OPUS4-46210
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Johann, Sergej
A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Gawlitza, Kornelia
A1 - Bartelmeß, Jürgen
T1 - Adaptable multi-sensor device for gas detection
N2 - Innovation is the catalyst for the technology of the future. It is important to develop new and better technologies that can continuously monitor the environmental impact, e.g., for air quality control or emission detection. In the recently at BAM developed Universal Pump Sensor Control (UPSC3) module, different components and sensors are fused. The combination of the individual components makes the UPSC3 module an excellent monitoring and reference system for the development and characterization of gas specific sensors. Measurements over long periods are possible, for mixed gas loads or for certain gas measurements. The system is part of a mobile sensor network of several sensor units, which can also be used as standalone systems.
The motivation and objective of this research is to develop gas sensors based on fluorescence detection with range of ppm / ppb. For this task a reference system is required, which contains volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors for reference data from different scenarios. The integrated multi-sensor unit can measure different gases through the integrated 3-fold VOC sensor, which can be adapted to the addressed scenario. . The system-integrated flow control, with pump and flow sensor, allows the gas molecules to be transported directly to the VOC sensor. The entire measurement is permanently stored on an integrated memory card. If the previously determined limit range is exceeded, an alarm is generated. The system is an important tool towards further developments in the field of gas sensors and is primarily used for the validation of chemically based gas sensors.
T2 - Colloquium of Optical Spectrometry (COSP) 2017
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 27.11.2017
KW - Gas detection
KW - Multi sensor device
KW - Pump control
KW - VOC
PY - 2017
AN - OPUS4-43193
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
T1 - Tribological characteristics of polyimide composites in hydrogen environment
N2 - The influence of hydrogen environment on the friction and wear behavior of polyimide (PI) composites was investigated for two different PI-types (PI1 and PI2) filled with natural or synthetic graphite. Sliding tests were run against AISI 52100 steel and the worn surfaces as well as the transfer film were analyzed by means of SEM, EDX and Infrared Spectroscopy. Results indicate that the chemical structure of the polyimide has a major influence on the tribological behavior. While the friction of PI2 remains rather stable in all environments, PI1 showed very low friction in hydrogen without any lubricant. The lubricity of graphite was found to be more effective in hydrogen than in moist air.
KW - Sliding friction
KW - Polyimide
KW - Graphite
KW - Hydrogen
PY - 2015
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2015.06.001
SN - 0301-679X
VL - 92
SP - 162
EP - 171
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
CY - Oxford
AN - OPUS4-33555
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Detjens, Marc
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Banach, Ulrich
A1 - Ritter, U.
T1 - Ionische Flüssigkeiten als neuartige Sensorbeschichtung für coulometrische Spurenfeuchtesensoren
N2 - Die Arbeit präsentiert erste Messungen mit coulometrischen Sensoren, die mit einer ionischen Flüssigkeit beschichtet sind. Diese Sensoren werden in der Industrie verwendet, um die Spurenfeuchte in unterschiedlichen Gasen zu messen. Normalerweise erfolgt eine Beschichtung der Sensoren mit Phosphorpentoxid und dessen Hydrolyseprodukte. In dieser Arbeit wurde stattdessen eine hygroskopische ionische Flüssigkeit benutzt. Die generierte Gasfeuchte für die Untersuchungen betrug bezogen auf die Frostpunkttemperatur -80 °C bis -30 °C, was gleichbedeutend mit einem Wasserdampf-Stoffmengenanteil von 0,5 μmol·mol-1 bis 376 μmol·mol-1 ist. Zusätzlich zu der Messung mit coulometrischen Sensoren erfolgte eine Referenzmessung der Gasfeuchte mittels eines Taupunkthygrometers. Erste Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass es möglich ist mit dieser Art der Beschichtung unterschiedliche Gasfeuchten zu messen. Aber es ergaben sich trotz gleicher Feuchte unterschiedliche Signalintensitäten bei den benutzen Sensoren und es zeigte sich eine Drift des Sensorsignales.
T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme
CY - Nuremberg, Germany
DA - 26.06.2018
KW - Spurenfeuchtemessung
KW - Sensorbeschichtung
KW - Elektrolyseverfahren
KW - Ionische Flüssigkeiten
PY - 2018
SN - 978-3-8007-4683-5
SN - 0932-6022
SP - 520
EP - 523
PB - VDE VERLAG GMBH
CY - Berlin, Offenbach
AN - OPUS4-45319
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Moufid, M.
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - El Bari, N.
A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias
A1 - Bouchikhi, B.
T1 - Combining of TD-GC-MS and home developed electronic nose for road traffic air monitoring
N2 - In this work, we demonstrate the ability of an electronic nose system based on an array of six-semiconductor gas sensors for outdoor air quality monitoring over a day at a traffic road in downtown of Meknes city (Morocco). The response of the sensor array reaches its maximum in the evening of the investigated day which may due to high vehicular traffic or/and human habits resulting in elevated concentrations of pollutants. Dataset treatment by Principal Component Analysis and Discriminant Function Analysis shows a good discrimination between samples collected at different times of the day. Moreover, Support Vector Machines were used and reached a classification success rate of 97.5 %. Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) technique was used to validate the developed e-nose system by identifying the composition of the analyzed air samples. The discrimination obtained by e-nose system was in good agreement with the TD-GC-MS results. This study demonstrates the usefulness of TD-GC-MS and e-nose, providing high accuracy in discriminating outdoor air samples collected at different times. This demonstrates the potential of using the e-nose as a rapid, easy to use and inexpensive environmental monitoring system.
T2 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Design & Test of Integrated Micro & Nano-Systems (DTS)
CY - Sfax, Tunisia
DA - 07.06.2021
KW - GC-MS
KW - Electronic nose
KW - Gas sensors
KW - Urban air monitoring
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/DTS52014.2021.9498110
SP - 1
EP - 6
AN - OPUS4-54401
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Johann, Sergej
A1 - Baensch, Franziska
A1 - Sturm, Patrick
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Pötschke, Samuel
A1 - Lay, Vera
ED - Holl, H.
T1 - HF RFID-based measurement comparison for method optimization in M2 concrete and alkali-activated mortars
N2 - Monitoring of repositories for radioactive waste requires techniques which can be applied long-term under harsh conditions. In this work, the reliability and suitability of materials and a capacitive sensor for measuring relative humidity are investigated, which are to be embedded in the special concrete components for the closure structures of underground repository. Preliminary tests with accelerated aging of the materials used, validation of the sensors under difficult conditions, investigations of the surfaces after aging by pH 14 solution, defined exposure of the sensors in a climatic chamber and the microscope images are discussed. The results will be used for further development and optimization of the RFID based sensor systems which can be applied to monitor the condition of different building structures without cabling.
T2 - 37th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics
CY - Linz, Austria
DA - 21.09.2021
KW - Alkali-activated mortars
KW - Passive sensor interface
KW - RFID
KW - Structural health monitoring
KW - Smart structures
PY - 2022
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.465
SN - 2214-7853
VL - 62
IS - 5
SP - 2571
EP - 2576
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-54697
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Sarif, Raduan
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Herglotz, Christian
T1 - Early Response Prediction for H2 Sensors
N2 - Green hydrogen (H2) is essential for the global transition to clean energy; it will significantly reduce emissions from heavy industry and the long-distance transport system. H2 can be used as fuel in fuel cells, storing surplus renewable energy, and as a feedstock in industrial processes. However, H2 faces significant safety challenges during storage and transportation. Accidents due to H2 leakage and explosions raise serious concerns due to its high flammability, rapid diffusion in air, and extremely low ignition energy. To mitigate risks associated with H2 leakages, reliable and automated H2 safety systems are essential for emergency repairs or shutdown. An early response from H2 sensors is crucial for early warning in accidents. The earlier response time of H2 sensors is often constrained by their sensor principle, which is heavily influenced by the sensor material’s properties. This study explores methods for earlier sensor response through predictive algorithms. Specifically, we investigate transient response predictions using a First-Order (FO) model and propose improvements through the First-Order with early response and the First-Order with adapted early response model. Both models can predict the stable value of the H2 sensor response from a small time window, which is 70.89% and 83.72% earlier, respectively, than the time required for the sensor hardware to reach it physically. The model’s performance is evaluated by calculating the fitting error with a 2 % threshold. Our current research lays the groundwork for future advancements in real-time sensor response predictions for hydrogen leakage.
T2 - IARIA Congress 2025 : The 2025 IARIA Annual Congress on Frontiers in Science, Technology, Services, and Applications
CY - Venice, Italy
DA - 06.07.2025
KW - H2 Safety
KW - H2 leakage detection
KW - First-Order (FO) model
KW - H2 Sensor data analysis
KW - H2 sensor response predictions
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64195
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Eberwein, Robert
T1 - Repeatable Testing of a Cryogenic Storage Tank with Variable Insulation Material in Fire Like Conditions
N2 - For decarbonizing the energy industry and transport, cryogenic energy carriers have great potential. The storage takes place in tanks with thermal super-insulations, which are in application for decades, but there is only limited knowledge about its behaviour in a fire scenario. This represents a major incident that may generate extraordinary loads on the tank and its insulation system, and that eventually lead to a sudden tank failure. This paper presents a test rig called the Cryogenic High Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC), which can be used to test typical thermal superinsulation’s under cryogenic and fire-like conditions in parallel. The test method makes it possible to measure the heat flow through the thermal superinsulation over time and to investigate the degradation behaviour of the insulation within a test. In the paper results from the first tests are presented.
T2 - 18th Cryogenics 2025, IIR Conference
CY - Prague, Czech Republic
DA - 07.04.2025
KW - LH2
KW - LNG
KW - Fire
KW - Insulation
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-62979
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Prewitz, M.
A1 - Gaber, M.
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Marotzke, C.
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Polymer coated glass capillaries and structures for high-pressure hydrogen storage: Permeability and hydrogen tightness
N2 - The hydrogen tightness of high-pressure hydrogen storage is a Basic criterion for long-term storage. The H2 permeation coefficients of epoxy resin and a glass lacquer were determined to enable the geometric optimization of a glass capillary storage. It was found that the curing conditions have no significant influence on the H2 permeation coefficient of resin.
The H2 permeation coefficient of epoxy resin is only about three orders of Magnitude greater than that of borosilicate glass. This suggests that the initial pressure of 700 bar takes about 2.5 years to be halved in capillary array storage. Therefore, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank based on glass capillaries is ideally suited for long-term storage in mobile applications.
KW - Permeability
KW - Glass capillaries
KW - Coating
KW - Hydrogen storage
KW - Long-term calculation
KW - Epoxy resin
PY - 2018
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.12.092
SN - 0360-3199
VL - 43
IS - 11
SP - 5637
EP - 5644
PB - Elsevier
AN - OPUS4-44327
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Trust in Hydrogen Technologies - Safety Issues in the Hydrogen Value Chain
N2 - In June 2020, updated in July 2023, the German government presented the National Hydrogen Strategy (NHS), its first strategy for achieving the goals of its hydrogen policy. The NHS sets out a coherent framework for action for the future production, transportation and use of hydrogen and its derivatives, including the corresponding research, innovations and investments. Various measures have been defined to achieve goals such as the decarbonization of various sectors and the market introduction of hydrogen technologies. This will ultimately lead to the introduction of many “new” technologies in many areas of our daily lives, which will only be successful if decision-makers and the public are convinced that these technologies are safe. Therefore, the safety of hydrogen technologies is an important pillar in gaining and maintaining confidence in these new technologies. Safety must keep pace with, or better still anticipate, trends in technological development in order to avoid overly conservative and expensive s
T2 - 10th World Energy Congress (WEC 2024)
CY - Singapore
DA - 12.11.2024
KW - Hydrogen Safety
KW - Trustworthiness
KW - Safety research
KW - Accidents
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-62174
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Melzer, Michael
A1 - Nattuveettil, Keerthana
T1 - Automated generation and utilization of accredited temperature DCCs
N2 - The accredited calibration laboratory of the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) has established verified XML digital calibration certificates for calibrations of resistance thermometers within the scope of its accreditation. Hence, all necessary information according to ISO/IEC 17025 and the DKD-R 5-1 calibration rule is provided in a machine-readable and machine-interpretable form.
For the automated DCC generation, a self-implemented middleware is compiling the metadata (i.e. customer-, order-, item- and method data) and combines it with the measured calibration data and influence conditions into a process- and lab-specific DCC template. This DCC software is able to handle both, single probe calibrations (e.g. Pt 100) as well as measurement chains (e.g. thermometers and temperature loggers) and also supports multiple item calibrations with the automated creation of individual DCC files. All generated DCCs can be readily validated against the DCC scheme (v.3.2.1).
The validated and authorized DCCs are equipped with the novel digital accreditation symbol, that was recently piloted with the German national accreditation body (DAkkS), to form `eAttestations´. This advanced electronic seal with a qualified certificate, after successful validation by the receiver, provides three basic functionalities in a DCC:
1. Authenticity: It confirms that the issued certificate actually originates from the BAM calibration laboratory (D-K-11075-08)
2. Integrity: It protects all the data and information in the DCC from change and manipulation
3. Accreditation: It verifies the active accreditation status of the issuing body at the time of sealing (authorization)
Thus, this accreditation seal can fully replace an electronic signature on an accredited DCC.
In order to demonstrate the added value of DCCs also on the receiver side, the BAM DCC-team started to develop a simple but capable DCC demonstrator. For the use case of thermal process monitoring, the software reads out the metrological data of an incoming DCC, performs a linear regression of the temperature calibration values, uses the obtained calibration function to correct the raw sensor readings, extends the DCC measurement uncertainty values with further contributions (e.g. from the correction and the hysteresis) and adjusts the process-defined acceptance limits to account for the measurement uncertainty, all in real-time. Hence, it automatically utilizes a DCC to obtain metrological traceability and a quality-assured process conformity assessment, practically at the push of a button.
In the talk, the automated DCC generation in the scope of our accreditation, including the electronic sealing with the digital accreditation symbol, as well as the one-click DCC utilization with our demonstrator will be presented.
The work was performed within the national QI-Digital initiative.
T2 - 4th International DCC Conference
CY - Online meeting
DA - 27.02.2024
KW - Digital Calibration Certificate
KW - DCC
KW - E-Attestation
KW - Calibration
KW - Digital Metrology
PY - 2024
UR - https://www.dcc-conference-2024.ptb.de/home
N1 - Video file from minute 28 on
AN - OPUS4-61867
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Halder, Karabi
A1 - Balasooriya, Winoj
T1 - Effect of high-pressure hydrogen environment on the physical and mechanical properties of elastomers
N2 - This paper deals with the exposure of HBNR rubbers to high pressure hydrogen (100 MPa) at 120 °C for 7 and 21 days under static conditions followed by characterization of their physical and mechanical properties.
T2 - EHEC European Hydrogen Energy Conference 2022
CY - Madrid, Spain
DA - 18.05.2022
KW - Rubbers
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Characterization
PY - 2022
SP - 1
EP - 2
AN - OPUS4-62085
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Harwege, Finn
T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquefied hydrogen storage tanks
N2 - For the future use of liquefied hydrogen (LH2) as a green energy carrier, new concepts for storage tanks and in particular their insulation are necessary. The methodology applied in current LH2 tanks has some disadvantages while manufacturing and operation of large tanks that may be required in the future. While liquefied natural gas tanks exist in the necessary capacities, they are incompatible with LH2 due to its significantly lower storage temperature. In this paper, the possibility of using vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) as an alternative to the conventional double walled, powder filled vacuum insulation is presented. The two systems are introduced and compared on a conceptual level with a focus on the loss of vacuum failure mode. Furthermore, a test rig that enables the testing and quantification of thermal properties of VIP based insulations in ordinary and loss of vacuum conditions is presented. The test rig is a boil-off calorimeter using liquefied nitrogen and features a square cold surface with a side length of 2 m. An overview over the planned testing and its goals is given.
T2 - 18th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries
CY - Bologna, Italy
DA - 08.06.2025
KW - Liquefied Hydrogen
KW - LH2
KW - Cryogenics
KW - Vacuum
KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-63426
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Gawlitza, Kornelia
T1 - Gas standards for the calibration of novel fluorescence sensors for ammonia
N2 - Ammonia and its conversion product ammonium have a strong negative impact on human health and ecosystems. Most ammonia measurements in ambient air are performed in the molar fraction range (0.5 to 500) nmol/mol. There is a need for reliable traceable ammonia gas standards as well as in situ analytical procedures for the monitoring of ammonia in ambient air.
The permeation method is an effective tool for dynamically generating precise gas standards with a low uncertainty in the concentration range of a few nmol/mol to several µmol/mol in an inert carrier gas, e. g. pure nitrogen or purified ambient air. Here, we present our ammonia gas standard generator as well as results of the characterisation of its individual components supporting the uncertainty assessment according to GUM for stable gas concentrations in this range.
In order to detect ammonia in the nmol/mol-range, a suitable sensor has to be developed. In this contribution, we therefore additionally present first approaches on the development of such a sensor using optical fluorescence as transduction mechanism due to its intrinsically high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. Incorporation of a fluorescent dye, which shows fluorescence enhancement in the presence of ammonia, into a polymer matrix allows to reversibly recognize low amounts of ammonia. It can be concluded that fluorescence sensor is a robust tool for measurements of ammonia; however it needs calibration for the planed use.
T2 - MetNH3-workshop on the progress in ammonia metrology
CY - Braunschweig, Germany
DA - 24.02.2016
KW - Ammonia
KW - Fluorescence sensor
KW - Permeation
KW - Test gas generation
PY - 2016
AN - OPUS4-35810
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Hildebrandt, Jana
T1 - Aqueous dispersions of polypropylene: towards referencematerials for nanoplastics characterization
N2 - Plastic pollution in the environment is a rising concern for the health of our planet. The plastic litter that pollutes our environment leads to microplastic particles. They can be found (nearly) everywhere. The processes that lead to microplastic can also form nanoplastic particles, which have a size below 1 µm. Because of the small size they can penetrate tissue more easily. Only few risk assessment studies of nanoplastics were carried out so far.
Using polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles to test effects on organisms is easy because it is commercially available. However, this falls a little short, as the polyolefins i.e., polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), are produced in a larger proportion than PS. Moreover, these plastics are mainly used for disposable products, which means that they also account for a large proportion of plastic waste. Therefore, the percentage of polyolefins in environmental nanoplastic is presumably high. It is important to test the toxicological effects also with nanoplastics made of PP and PE to have more realistic results.
Herein, we present an easy and repeatable method to prepare an aqueous dispersion of polypropylene nanoplastics (nano-PP). They are stabilized electrostatically, resulting in a strongly negative zeta potential of -43 mV (± 2 mV) and making no surfactant necessary to keep the dispersion stable.
The size and the size distribution were determined via Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and gives a hydrodynamic diameter of 180.5 nm (± 5.8 nm) and a PDI of 0.084 (± 0.023).
Finally, ca. 480 bottles of the dispersion with a volume of 10 mL each were prepared to serve as a potential reference material for further testing of detection methods or risk assessments.
T2 - International Conference on Microplastic Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea
CY - Neapel, Italy
DA - 25.09.2022
KW - Nanoplastic
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-55963
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
T1 - Characterization of (bio)macromolecules and polymeric materials with modern scattering methods
N2 - The analysis of polymers, biopolymers and polymeric materials is of great interest in biomaterials science. Here small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), static light scatterin (SLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) are described. Current efforts for digitalization of this methods are explaind with respect to modern data science in biomedical research.
T2 - MacroBio Summer School 2018: Biomaterial Science in View of Digitalization
CY - Teltow, Germany
DA - 24.09.2018
KW - Small-angle x-ray scattering
KW - SAXS
KW - Static light scattering
KW - SLS
KW - Dynamic light scattering
KW - DLS
KW - Biomaterials
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-46051
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Böttcher, Nils
T1 - Nominal and Off-Nominal Battery / High Energy Storage Testing Off-Nominal cell and battery testing at BAM
N2 - The abuse testing of electrochemical energy storage systems poses a major safety challenge. Thanks to its core competence in ensuring safety in technology and chemistry, BAM has the capabilities to carry out safety tests from small to large scale. Tests up to approx. 200Wh (lithium-ion batteries) can be carried out in the cell test center and abuse tests up to 20kWh are possible in the open field test on the TTS.
T2 - Europe Energy Storage Safety Summit
CY - Petten, Netherlands
DA - 08.10.2024
KW - Battery Safety
KW - Abuse testing
KW - Lithium-ion batteries
KW - Safety critical tests
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-62321
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Fuhrmann, A.
T1 - Conditional repair by locally switching the thermal healing ability of dynamic covalent polymers ON and OFF with light
N2 - Healable materials are able to repair inflicted damages, herin often applied: dynamic covalent polymer networks. We have shown in this study that light of different colors shift the Diels-Alder and retro Diels-Alder crosslinking and decrosslinking equilibrium. This effect was utilized for self-healing of a polymer film. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to quantifiy the polymeric mesh size on a nanoscale.
T2 - Polydays 2016
CY - Potsdam, Germany
DA - 28.09.2016
KW - Polymer
KW - Small-angle X-ray scattering
KW - SAXS
KW - Self-healing
PY - 2016
AN - OPUS4-37570
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kästner, Claudia
A1 - Lampen, A.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
T1 - What happens to the silver ions? – Silver thiocyanate nanoparticle formation in an artificial digestion
N2 - An artificial digestion of silver nitrate is reported. It is shown that AgSCN nanoparticles emerge from ionic silver in saliva and remain present during the entire digestion process. The particles were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) regarding their composition and size distribution.
KW - SAXS
KW - WAXS
KW - Artificial digestion
PY - 2018
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c7nr08851e
SN - 2040-3364
SN - 2040-3372
VL - 10
IS - 8
SP - 3650
EP - 3653
PB - RSC Publ.
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-44277
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Markthochlauf von Wasserstofftechnologien - Vertrauen durch Sicherheit
N2 - Beim BAM-UBA-Behördenerfahrungsaustausch 2022 hat die BAM zu dem Schwerpunktthema Wasserstoff den von der Bundesregierung avisierten Markthochlauf und das Thema Vertrauen durch Sicherheit vorgestellt. Dabei wurde das Kompetenzzentrum H2Safety mit seinen derzeitigen Aktivitäten ebenso vorgestellt wie sicherheitstechnische Fragestellungen, die über die Wertschöpfungskette hinweg derzeit existieren. Dabei handelt es sich um Fragestellungen zur Materialeignung und -kompatibilität, Leckageüberwachung, Schutzkonzepte und Unfallszenarien. Darüber hinaus gibt es Themen, die keinen direkten Bezug zur Sicherheit haben, aber das Vertaruen in Wasserstofftechnologien deutlich fördern können. Neben Aus- und Weiterbildungskonzepten wurden auch die Themen Akzeptanz und Risikokommunikation sowie Normung und Standardisierung behandelt.
T2 - BAM-UBA-Behördenerfahrungsaustausch 2022
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 27.06.2022
KW - H2Safety@BAM
KW - Markthochlauf
KW - Vertrauen
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-55138
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Kästner, Claudia
T1 - Creating the silver standard: Development and applications of a silver nanoparticle reference material
N2 - The utilization of silver nanoparticles in consumer related products has significantly increased over the last decade, especially due to their antimicrobial properties. Today they are used in a high variety of products ranging from food containers over children toys and textiles. Therefore, research on the toxicological potential of silver nanoparticles becomes increasingly important for a high amount of studies. Unfortunately, the results of these studies are extremely diverse and do not lead to a consistent evaluation. The central problem lies in the use of a wide range of silver nanoparticles, which show a broad size distribution. To overcome this problem we report on the synthesis and application of small silver nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution (R = 3.1 nm, σ = 0.6 nm). The poly(acrylic acid) stabilized particles are thoroughly characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The particles are highly stable and show no aggregation for more than six months. It is foreseen to use these thoroughly characterized nanoparticles as reference material to compare the catalytic and biological properties of functionalized silver nanoparticles. As a first step the particles are used in the first world-wide inter-laboratory comparison of SAXS. Furthermore, the stabilizing ligand PAA can be easily exchanged by biomolecules to modify the surface functionality. Replacements of PAA with glutathione (GSH) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been performed as examples. With this flexible system first applications regarding biological application in an artificial digestion procedure have been performed. Thereby the changes in size distribution and aggregation state were monitored by SAXS. Additionally these particles show a high catalytic activity of (436 ± 24) L g-1 s-1 in the reduction of 4- nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. This activity is two orders of magnitude higher than for other silver particles in the literature.
T2 - NanoWorkshop 2018
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 14.05.2018
KW - Silver nanoparticles
KW - SAXS
KW - Artificial digestion
KW - Catalysis
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-44911
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Bartelmeß, Jürgen
T1 - Developments Towards a fluorometric sensing device for multiple hazardous gases
N2 - Fluorometric sensing is a versatile approach for trace analysis outside of the laboratory, requiring suitable sensor materials and their integration into sensing devices. The versatility of fluorophores as probes, especially in terms of the possibility to tailor their optical as well as their recognition properties by synthetic modifications in a wide range, renders them as superior active component for the preparation of optical sensor devices. Recent works at BAM in this field include, for example, the detection of nerve gas agents,illustrating impressively the aforementioned benefits of fluorophores in optical sensing applications.
In the interdisciplinary approach presented here, we target hazardous gases such as ammonia, benzene, and hydrogen sulfide, next to others, which pose a major threat to human health and environmental safety and for which the availability of a sensitive and reliable detection method is highly desirable.
The dyes presented follow a “turn-on” fluorescence schematic, which allows for the selective and sensitive detection of the respective gaseous analyte. The immobilization of the probe in polymeric matrices is then the next step toward the fabrication of a prototype device for molecular sensing. Further steps in the project include the assembly of instruments for test-atmosphere generation, the referencing of the sensor system, development and implementation of an optical setup, and the testing of the prototype device under laboratory conditions and in the field.
In this presentation, we give an overview over the recent developments on this topic in our groups, including fluorophore designs investigated for the detection of benzene, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide as well as approaches for the design of the sensing device.
T2 - EUROPT(R)ODE XIV
CY - Neapel, Italy
DA - 25.03.2018
KW - Gas sensor
KW - Fluorometric sensing
KW - BODIPY dye
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-45645
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Detjens, Marc
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Banach, Ulrich
T1 - Influence of Gas Pressure on Coulometric Trace Humidity Measurement
N2 - Planar coulometric sensors were investigated in humidified synthetic air at various absolute gas pressures, i. e. 2 bar, 5, bar, 10 bar, and 15 bar. Humidified gas flow at adjusted gas pressure was split into two flows, one passed a coulometric sensor and the other one passed a reference hygrometer after decompression. Both signals were recorded and then compared after calculation of resulting frost point temperature. Calculation is based on a calibration function obtained at ambient pressure. Comparison showed that an increasing pressure resulted in a higher derivation between sensor signal (calculated frost point temperature) and reference frost point temperature. At an absolute pressure of 2 bar the differences were minor in consideration of the uncertainty, however at 15 bar the differences were 6.77 K. Nevertheless, it was possible to measure the gas humidity at higher pressure with coulometric trace humidity sensors.
T2 - 17th International Meeting of Chemical Sensors, IMCS 2018
CY - Vienna, Austria
DA - 15.07.2018
KW - Gas pressure influence
KW - Coulometric sensors
KW - Trace humidity measurement
PY - 2018
SN - 978-3-9816876-9-9
DO - https://doi.org/10.5162/IMCS2018/P2EC.7
SP - 715
EP - 716
PB - AMA Service GmbH
CY - Wunstorf / Germany
AN - OPUS4-45539
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias
T1 - Airborne Remote Gas Sensing and Mapping
N2 - Leaking methane (CH4) from infrastructures, such as pipelines and landfills, is critical for the environment but can also pose a safety risk. To enable a fast detection and localization of these kind of leaks, we developed a novel robotic platform for aerial remote gas sensing. Spectroscopic measurement methods for remote sensing of selected gases lend themselves for use on mini-copters, which offer a number of advantages for inspection and surveillance over traditional methods. No direct contact with the target gas is needed and thus the influence of the aerial platform on the measured gas plume can be kept to a minimum. This allows to overcome one of the major issues with gas-sensitive mini-copters. On the other hand, remote gas sensors, most prominently Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensors have been too bulky given the payload and energy restrictions of mini-copters. Here, we present the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS), which combines a novel lightweight TDLAS sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming on a versatile hexacopter. The proposed system can be deployed in scenarios that cannot be addressed by currently available robots and thus constitutes a significant step forward for the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO). It enables tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes and a localization of gas sources. We also present first results showing its performance under realistic conditions.
T2 - Networked Environmental Monitoring – from sensor principles to novel services
CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany
DA - 06.02.2018
KW - Localization of gas sources
KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction
KW - Tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes
KW - Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS)
KW - UAV-REGAS
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-44085
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Harwege, Finn
T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquid hydrogen storage tanks
N2 - Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) based insulation could present an alternative to the common double walled vacuum insulation for large liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks. In this paper a brief introduction on VIPs and the envisioned design of VIP-based LH2-tank insulation is given. The design of a flat plate boil-off calorimeter for the testing of the insulation concept is shown, with regard to thermal design, mechanical design and instrumentation. Finally, an overview over the particular challenges for modelling VIP-based insulation and the proposed testing to be performed on the test rig is presented.
T2 - 18th Cryogenics IIR International Conference
CY - Prague, Czech Republic
DA - 07.04.2025
KW - Liquefied Hydrogen
KW - Insulation
KW - Calorimeter
KW - LH2
KW - VIP
KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-62988
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Brice, H.
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
T1 - Frictional behavior of material couples in superconducting MRI magnet systems at 4.2 K
N2 - Windings in superconducting magnets operating at 4.2 K are highly susceptible to quenching caused by small frictional heat inputs. Small movements in the magnet system are inevitable during ramping due to the increasing electromagnetic forces. Friction pairs of polymer based materials have been investigated at 4.2 K to gain an understanding of their sliding behavior in conditions representative of superconducting MRI systems. The results indicate that polymer-polymer pairs experience unstable sliding behavior with repeated stick-slip whereas polymer-aluminum couples have stable sliding behavior up to high contact pressures of 20 MPa.
KW - Cryotribology
KW - Friction
KW - MRI magnets
KW - Stick-slip
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2011.2175683
SN - 1051-8223
VL - 22
IS - 3
SP - 4400204-1
EP - 4400204-4
PB - IEEE
CY - New York, NY
AN - OPUS4-26384
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
T1 - Seminar on Smelling Drones – Part 2: Design and Experimental Study of an Nano Aerial Robot for ARO Applications
N2 - This seminar series comprises three lectures on drones and ground robots capable of sensing chemical substances and two accompanying hands-on workshops on nano drones equipped with chemical sensors. In the first lecture, Dr. Neumann will talk on a summary of aerial robot olfaction and his research. In the second and third lectures, more details of the nano drones equipped with chemical sensors will be provided, and the participants can get hands on experience of the nano
drones in the accompanying workshops. The lectures will be given in English. This seminar series is supported by FY2023 Researcher Exchanges Program in UEC.
T2 - Seminar Series on Smelling Drones
CY - Tokyo, Japan
DA - 28.11.2023
KW - Mobile robotic olfaction
KW - Nano aerial robot
KW - Gas source localization
KW - Setup and Validation
KW - Gas distribution mapping
PY - 2023
AN - OPUS4-59130
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Schmidt, Anita
T1 - Neues Klassifizierungssystem für Lithiumbatterien
N2 - Um Lithiumbatterien sicherer aber gleichzeitig auch dem Gefährdungszustand angemessener und damit wirtschaftlich effizienter transportieren zu können, wird aktuell bei UN ein Klassifizierungssystem nach Gefährlichkeit ausgearbeitet. Als eine der intensiv mitarbeitenden zuständigen Behörden weltweit hat die BAM zahlreiche Untersuchungen selbst durchgeführt und arbeitet an Lösungsansätzen mit.
T2 - Gefahrguttag des BMDV im Rahmen der IAA
CY - Hannover, Germany
DA - 19.09.2024
KW - Lithiumbatterien
KW - Klassifizierung
KW - Gefahrguttransport
KW - Gefährlichkeit
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-62326
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Eberwein, Robert
T1 - New concepts in liquid hydrogen storage
N2 - On the way to the energy transition, cryogenic fluids such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) are very important. They enable the large-scale economic transport and storage of energy as well as they represent alternative fuels for energy-intensive mobile applications such as aircrafts, ships and HGVs. For the last one, the number of vehicles and fuel stations has increased rapidly in the last 10 years all over Europe. Does this also entail new risks, for instance from a BLEVE in case of fires? To answer this question, BAM has conducted several research projects over the last decades and intensified the research recently with several experimental, numerical, and empirical outcomes on how a tank with insulation behaves in a fire. The presentation shows an overview of this research. The findings are relevant for global standardization procedures and to improve the overall safety in chemistry and technics.
T2 - Hydrogen Refueling Station Opening
CY - Baruth/Mark, Germany
DA - 03.07.2025
KW - LH2
KW - Insulation
KW - Fire
KW - LNG
KW - Safety
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-63628
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Sieg, H.
T1 - Artificial digestion of aluminium-containing nanomaterials and their effects on the gastrointestinal tract in vitro
N2 - Although aluminium is one of the most common elements in the biosphere, up to now little is known about its impact on human health. aluminium and its chemical derivatives are highly abundant in food, food contact materials and consumer products. Humans are exposed to aluminium via the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). Exposition can change substantially due to consumer behavior since aluminium is also a compound of numerous food additives. Recently, aluminium exposition is increasingly considered to cohere with cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Lately, due to an increasing attentiveness on this topic, limiting values for food additives have been tightened by the EFSA. However, cellular effects of aluminium and especially aluminium-containing nanomaterials, that represent a significant part of chemicals found in food products, are widely unknown and in the focus of our research activities, for example in the bilateral SolNanoTOX project. We established an in vitro simulation system of the GI tract, where nanomaterials undergo the different physiological, chemical and proteinbiochemical conditions of saliva, gastric juice and the intestine. The artificially digested nanomaterials, as well as soluble aluminium chloride as ionic control substance, were subjected to several analytical and biochemical methods to characterize their change of appearance and their cytotoxic effects on intestinal cellular models. We observed the fate of the nanomaterials during typical pH-values of saliva, gastric and intestinal juice with Dynamic light scattering measurements and ICP-MS in the single particle mode. After observable disappearance at pH 2 the particles recovered in the simulated intestinal fluid. The simulation of the GI tract, mainly the change of pH settings, can lead to a certain chemical activation of aluminium that can increase bioavailability in the intestine after oral uptake of aluminium-containing food products. In vitro assays like CTB, MTT and cellular impedance measurements showed that there were no acute cytotoxic effects measurable after a period up to 48h after incubation, comparable to undigested particles. In contrast, high amounts of aluminium ions showed synergistic effects on cell viability compared to non-digested aluminium ions. Although toxicological potential of Al ions to healthy tissue appears to be low, increased hazardous potential cannot be ruled out to pre-damaged tissue and can have a relevance in risk assessment for special consumer groups with for example chronical intestinal inflammation or dietary eating behavior combined with high exposure to Al-containing food products.
T2 - 82nd Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 29.02.2016
KW - Nanoparticles
KW - Digestion
KW - SAXS
KW - Cytotoxicity
PY - 2016
AN - OPUS4-36026
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Nattuveettil, Keerthana
T1 - Hydrogen safety- Dealing with Closed Spaces
N2 - This work focuses on the detection and monitoring of hydrogen concentration in closed spaces, to improve safety by developing a sensor network-based leak detection system. This will help in prevention of accumulation of hazardous mixtures. Furthermore, the study details the implementation of a hydrogen sensor network within a container, analysing sensor placement, data collection, and safety improvements.
T2 - SMSI 2025
CY - Nuremberg, Germany
DA - 06.05.2025
KW - Sensor Network
KW - Hydrogen safety
KW - QI-Digital
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-63199
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
T1 - Friction and wear characteristics of polymers in gaseous and liquid
N2 - In the present work it was shown that the the aim of the presented tests is to investigate polymer composites for their suitability for friction systems in gaseous and liquid hydrogen.
T2 - 59. Tribologie-Fachtagung
CY - Göttingen, Germany
DA - 24.09.2018
KW - Friction
KW - Wear
KW - Polymer composites
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Cryogenic temperature
PY - 2018
SN - 978-3-9817451-3-9
SP - 60/1
EP - 60/4
AN - OPUS4-46178
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
T1 - Einfluss von Wasserstoff auf das Gleitverhalten von graphitgefüllten Polymeren
N2 - Die tribologischen Eigenschaften von graphitgefüllten Polyimiden gegen Stahl 100Cr6 wurden an Luft, im Hochvakuum (l0⁻ ³ Pa) und in Wasserstoffumgebung bei verschiedenen Drücken (10³ Pa, 10⁴ Pa und 10⁵ Pa) untersucht. Zwei unterschiedliche Polyimid-Typen wurden eingesetzt, wobei Typ und Menge des Graphits variiert wurden.
Die Experimente wurden bei 3,1 MPa Kontaktdruck und einer Gleitgeschwindigkeit von 0,2 m/s bzw. 1 m/s durchgeführt. Die verschlissenen Oberflächen und die Morphologie des Materialübertrags auf die Stahl-Gegenfläche wurden mittels Lichtmikroskopie, REM, TEM und FTIR untersucht. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass sowohl die Matrix als auch der Graphitanteil einen deutlichen Einfluss auf das Reibverhalten von Verbundwerkstoffen in Wasserstoffumgehungen haben können.
N2 - The tribological behaviour of graphite filled polyimide composites against steel (AISI 521 00) was investigated in air, vacuum and hydrogen environment at different pressures (10³ Pa, 10⁴ Pa, and 10⁵ Pa). Composites consist of two polyimides filled with different types and amount of graphite. Friction and wear measurements were performed at 0.2m/s and 3.1MPa at ambient temperature. Wom surfaces and morphology of the material transfer on the steel counter-face were investigated by optical microscopy, SEM, TEM and FTIR analyses. Results reveal that both the polyimide structure and graphite can have an important influence on the friction behaviour of composites in hydrogen environment.
KW - Polymere
KW - Verbundwerkstoffe
KW - Graphit
KW - Wasserstoff
KW - Vakuum
KW - Polymers
KW - Composites
KW - Graphite
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Vacuum
PY - 2015
SN - 0724-3472
VL - 62
IS - 2
SP - 25
EP - 32
PB - Expert Verlag
CY - Renningen
AN - OPUS4-33557
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter
A1 - Döring, Ingo
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
A1 - Krischok, Frank
A1 - Michael-Schulz, Heike
A1 - Oeleker, Karin
A1 - von Oertzen, Alexander
A1 - Pötzsch, Klaus-Michael
A1 - Thomalla, Nadine
T1 - Empfehlungen für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter - Handbuch über Prüfungen und Kriterien
N2 - Die "Empfehlungen für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter, Handbuch über Prüfungen und Kriterien" ergänzen die "Empfehlungen für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter, Modellvorschriften" und das "Global harmonisierte System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien (GHS)". Sie enthalten Kriterien, Prüfmethoden und –verfahren, die angewendet werden sowohl für die Einstufung gefährlicher Güter nach den Vorschriften der Teile 2 und 3 der Modellvorschriften als auch für Chemikalien, von denen nach dem GHS physikalische Gefahren ausgehen.
KW - Adiabatische Lagerprüfung
KW - Aerosole
KW - Ammoniumnitrat
KW - Außenbrandprüfung
KW - Ballistische Mörserprüfung
KW - BAM Fallhammer
KW - BAM Reibapparat
KW - BAM Trauzl Prüfung
KW - BAM 50/60 Stahlrohrprüfung
KW - Brandprüfung
KW - Brennbarkeitsprüfung
KW - DDT-Prüfung
KW - Deflagration-Detonation-Übergangsprüfung
KW - Deflagrationsprüfung
KW - Deflagrationsweiterleitung
KW - Desensibilisierte Explosivstoffe
KW - Detonationsweiterleitung
KW - Druckentlastungseinrichtungen
KW - Druck-Zeit-Prüfung
KW - Düngemittel
KW - Dynamische longitudinale Stoßprüfung
KW - Entzündbare Aerosole
KW - Entzündbare feste Stoffe
KW - Entzündbare flüssige Stoffe
KW - Entzündbare Gase
KW - Entzündend (oxidierend) wirkende feste Stoffe
KW - Entzündend (oxidierend) wirkende flüssige Stoffe
KW - Erwärmung unter Einschluss
KW - Exotherme Zersetzung
KW - Explosive Eigenschaften
KW - Explosivstoffe
KW - Fassprüfung
KW - Flammpunkt
KW - Gase
KW - Gasgemische
KW - Gefährliche Güter
KW - Gegenstände
KW - Holländische Druckgefäßprüfung
KW - Isotherme Lagerprüfung
KW - Kapsel-Empfindlichkeitsprüfung
KW - Kavitation
KW - Klassifizierungsverfahren
KW - Koenen-Prüfung
KW - Korrosive Eigenschaften
KW - Kriterien
KW - Lithium-Ionen-Batterien
KW - Lithium-Metall-Batterien
KW - Organische Peroxide
KW - Ortsbewegliche Tanks
KW - Prüfmethoden
KW - Prüfverfahren
KW - Pyrophore Stoffe
KW - Reaktionsarten
KW - Reibempfindlichkeit
KW - SADT
KW - Schaumaerosole
KW - Schlagempfindlichkeit
KW - Selbstbeschleunigende Zersetzungstemperatur
KW - Selbstentzündliche Stoffe
KW - Selbstunterhaltende Verbrennung
KW - Selbstzersetzliche Stoffe
KW - Standarddetonatoren
KW - Stapelprüfung
KW - Thermische Explosion
KW - Thermische Stabilität
KW - Thermische Stabilitätsprüfung
KW - TNO 50/70 Stahlrohrprüfung
KW - UN Detonationsprüfung
KW - UN Gap-Prüfung
KW - United Nations
KW - Warmlagerungsprüfung
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-324125
SN - 978-3-9816380-7-3
N1 - Diese Ausgabe ist nicht mehr gültig, ein Link auf die nachfolgende Fassung befindet sich im Feld zugeöriger Identifikator. - This edition is no longer valid, a link to the following version is in the field related identifier.
SP - 1
EP - 501
PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
CY - Berlin
ET - 5., Amd. 1+2, Corr. 2012
AN - OPUS4-32412
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Testing of Gas and Humidity Sensors
N2 - The testing of gas and humidity sensors is essential for the application of sensing devices. The testing determines properties of an investigated humidity sensor or gas sensor. In testing, the sensor property is the observed response of a sensing system to an input stimulus in comparison to a reference within a test procedure. This tutorial is structured into six chapters. The first chapter is about basics of hygrometry and gas sensing. It includes definitions, sensor classification, overview of application categories, as well as construction and functional principles. The chapter on requirements of deployed sensors focus on stability, response time, cross-sensitivity, electrical and mechanical requirements, and other. The sensing performance is characterised by determinations of parameters like accuracy, repeatability, detection limits (low and high), and response/recovery time. The description of testing signals on specified qualitative and quantitative characteristics, and the adequately estimated measurement uncertainty is the content of the analysis chapter. All chapters contain examples of testing procedures from testing/calibration labs for hygrometers and gas sensors which are essential for implementation into quality management systems.
T2 - SMSI 2021 - Sensor and Measurement Science International
CY - Online m
DA - 03.05.2021
KW - Testing
KW - Gas sensor
KW - Humidity sensor
KW - Tutorial
KW - Multi-gas sensor
PY - 2021
UR - https://www.smsi-conference.com/tutorials-2/
AN - OPUS4-52645
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Hydrogen sensing - Sensors for safety and process control in Hydrogentechnologies
N2 - The success of this energy transition and the efficient utilization of green hydrogen as a pristine energy carrier hinge upon the cultivation of hydrogen readiness, swift market expansion, and the establishment of crucial value chains within national and European contexts. Paramount to these objectives are reliable quality and safety standards, essential for ensuring supply safety, environmental compatibility, and instilling confidence in these technologies.
In the realm of safety management systems, gas sensors emerge as vital components for detecting hydrogen. This presentation delves into the imperative role of hydrogen systems, emphasizing their capability to monitor and control operations, issue warnings, signal hazardous conditions, and sound alarms. It explores the intricate landscape of functional safety considerations and addresses the challenges associated with measurement uncertainty in sensor testing.
A diverse array of sensors catering to hydrogen, pressure, temperature, and flow are available, each contributing significantly to the safety and efficiency of hydrogen technologies. Applications are envisaged to adhere meticulously to quality infrastructural regulations, codes, and standards, ensuring seamless integration and operation within the broader hydrogen ecosystem.
This discussion underscores the ubiquitous presence of sensor systems across various fields within hydrogen technologies, illustrating their multifaceted contributions to safety, reliability, and overall success in realizing the transformative potential of green hydrogen.
T2 - Joint European Summer School 2023 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies
CY - Vravrona, Greece
DA - 17.09.2023
KW - H2Safety@BAM
KW - SensRef
KW - Hydrogen
KW - KICstartH2
KW - Gas detection
KW - Sensor testing
KW - Hydrogen gas sensor
PY - 2023
AN - OPUS4-59228
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Eberwein, Robert
A1 - Heßmann, Jennifer
A1 - Werner, Jan
A1 - Scarponi, Giordano Emrys
A1 - Cozzani, Valerio
A1 - Otremba, Frank
T1 - Investigation of Realistic Fire Scenarios Involving Cryogenic Storage Tanks
N2 - The number of vehicles using or transporting cryogenic fuels such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) increases fast in the land transportation sector. Does this also entail new risks for instance from a BLEVE? A key to answer this question is to research representative fires by its characterization and its effect on the insulation. At BAM’s technical test side in Germany, a test series was started to answer this question among others. This paper presents results on a pool fire under a colorimeter, that simulates a tank. The investigation points out, that the full fire characterization approach allows to represent the fire. The findings are relevant for the investigation of a representative design fire that is applicable for the approval and improvement of tanks as well as to research accident scenarios and their consequences.
T2 - Loss Prevention 2025
CY - Bologna, Italien
DA - 09.06.2025
KW - LH2
KW - LNG
KW - Fire
KW - Tank
KW - Safety
PY - 2025
DO - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET25116031
SN - 2283-9216
IS - 116
SP - 181
EP - 186
PB - AIDIC
AN - OPUS4-63738
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
T1 - Gleitverhalten von PEEK-Kompositwerkstoffen in Wasserstoffumgebung
N2 - Die Reibeigenschaften von PEEK-Materialien gegen Stahlscheiben wurden in Luft, Vakuum und Wasserstoffumgebung untersucht. PEEK-Verbundwerkstoffe wurden mit Graphit, CNT oder TiO2-Partikeln gefüllt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass reines PEEK umgebungsabhängig ist und die Desorption von Gasen im Vakuum zur hohen Verschleißraten führt. Durch Zusatz von Graphit bzw. CNT wird eine sehr geringe Reibung in Wasserstoff erreicht (0,04), während mit TiO2-Partikeln die niedrigste Verschleißrate sowohl in Vakuum als auch in Wasserstoffumgebung erzielt wird. Chemische Prozesse treten in den Materialien und im Tribokontakt auf und interagieren miteinander. Insbesondere die Bildung und die Adhäsion eines dünnen und homogenen Transferfilms sind stark von den Umgebungen abhängig.
T2 - 57. Tribologie-Fachtagung
CY - Göttingen, Germany
DA - 26.09.2016
KW - PEEK_Komposite
KW - Wasserstoff
KW - Vakuum
KW - Graphit
KW - TiO2
PY - 2016
AN - OPUS4-38136
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Kästner, Claudia
T1 - Aggregation and deaggregation of silver nanoparticles - what does your gut say?
N2 - Due to the increasing utilization of silver nanoparticles in consumer related products, many studies focus on investigations regarding their toxicological potential. This includes investigations concerning uptake, distribution and excretion of the particles. So far, little attention was paid to changes of physical and chemical properties in the human body. During processes like digestion, the question arises whether they can pass this barrier in a nanoscale form. In this study we analytically monitored the changes in the size distribution of silver nanoparticles during an artificial digestion process with the help of small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). Therefore, we synthesized polyacrylic acid stabilized ultra-small silver nanoparticles with a radius of 3 nm and a size distribution width of 18%. The artificial digestion process mimics the gastro-intestinal passage and simulates the oral, gastric and small intestinal conditions. Additionally, food components like oil, starch, glucose and skimmed milk powder are used to provide a preferably realistic environment.
In absence of any food components the low pH initiates aggregation of the particles in the stomach. However, the particles unexpectedly stabilize in a defined cluster form with a mean radius of 12 nm. By the use of the food components oil and starch we observed that the particles are dispersed again. Now we found a bimodal size distribution of primary particles and aggregates. In contrast to that, with skimmed milk powder only a slight aggregation occurs in the stomach. In the gastric tract the particle distribution is stabilized at a mean volume weighted radius of 5 nm. Hence, skimmed milk powder acts as a colloidal stabilizer. For comparison we also used silver nitrate as a control substance. Surprisingly, we observed a formation of nanoparticles already in the saliva. During the digestion process the distribution narrows and finally in the intestine it shows a stable distribution with a mean volume weighted radius of 3 nm and a small fraction of aggregates. These results indicate that the silver nanoparticles can pass the biological barriers of the digestion process in a nanoscale form but undergo a transformation in the size distribution. However, even from pure silver nitrate nanoparticle formation can be observed. This sketches a complex mechanism in which not only food components but also silver ions cause changes in nanoparticle size and aggregation.
T2 - 11th International Conference on Biological Barriers
CY - Saarbrücken, Germany
DA - 07.03.2016
KW - digestion
KW - small-angle X-ray scattering
KW - silver nanoparticles
PY - 2016
AN - OPUS4-35539
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Error Prevention, Damage Prevention, and Safety Management in Hydrogen Technologies
N2 - In order to integrate the error prevention and damage prevention strategy into hydrogen technologies, it is important to proactively look out for potential weaknesses in the systems and processes. This includes the implementation of preventive measures as elements of safety management in order to identify and eliminate potential sources of error. In addition, training should be specifically focussed on avoiding errors and the safe use of hydrogen technologies. The principial approach of a gas sensor testing laboratory shows how to ensure reliable results, it is advisable to conduct sensor testing under controlled conditions, focusing on identifying specific properties
and quantifying performance criteria. A well thought-out strategy for error prevention makes a significant contribution to preventing accidents and increasing overall safety when using hydrogen.
T2 - 5th Germany-Korea Hydrogen Conference
CY - Halle (Saale), Germany
DA - 22.10.2024
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Safety
KW - Safety Management
KW - Error Prevention
KW - Reference Procedure
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-62563
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Maiwald, Michael
A1 - Schukar, Marcus
T1 - Beiträge der Prozessanalytik und Sensorik zur Sicherheit in Wasserstofftechnologien
N2 - Intelligent sensor systems, certified reference materials and instrumental analytical-chemical methods contribute to safety and functionality in hydrogen technologies.
This article gives a brief overview of SensRef activities in the Competence Centre H2Safety@BAM on the issues: Analytical methods for the determination of hydrogen purity, certified reference materials as measurement standards with regard to gas quality (primary calibrators) of BAM, test methods for gas sensor systems to detect hydrogen in air as well as the application of fibre-optic sensor systems to monitor the expansion and ageing behaviour of composite containers in hydrogen technologies.
T2 - Berlin Brandenburger Optik-Tag "Einsatz von Sensorik und Mikroelektronik in der Wasserstoffwirtschaft"
CY - Online meeting
DA - 29.11.2021
KW - H2Safety@BAM
KW - SensRef
KW - Gas analysis
KW - Gas purity
KW - Fibre-optic sensors
KW - Sensor response
KW - Certified reference materials
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-54138
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Nattuveettil, Keerthana
A1 - Liebner, Christian
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing: Role in Hydrogen Safety
N2 - An introduction to the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) and its role in hydrogen safety is provided. The study further describes a hydrogen safety experiment in which the detection and monitoring of hydrogen in confined environments were investigated. A sensor network–based approach was implemented to reduce the risk of hazardous mixture formation, with focus placed on sensor placement, data collection, and the resulting safety improvements.
T2 - Hybrid Sensor Network Open Forum 2025
CY - Karlsruhe, Germany
DA - 26.06.2025
KW - Sensor Network
KW - Hydrogen safety
KW - QI-Digital
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64042
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Introduction of H2Safety@BAM
N2 - This contribution for the Open Forum of the 8th HSN Symposium introduces the SensRef activities of the Competence Centre H2Safety@BAM.
T2 - 8. HSN-Symposium - HybridSensorNet e. V.
CY - Online meeting
DA - 11.11.2021
KW - H2Safety@BAM
KW - SensRef
KW - Hydrogen
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-54137
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
T1 - Effect of hydrogen pressure on the fretting behavior of elastomers
N2 - In this study, the fretting behavior of several elastomer materials against 316L were evaluated in air and hydrogen environment up to 10 MPa. Furthermore, aging experiments were conducted for 7 days under static conditions in 100 MPa hydrogen and the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber materials were examined before and after hydrogen exposure. Fretting tests revealed that the wear of these compounds is significantly affected by the hydrogen environment compared to air, especially with NBR grades. After aging experiment, the friction response of HNBR grades is characterized by increased adhesion due to elastic deformation, leading to partial slip.
T2 - 4th Int. Conf. on Polymer Tribology, PolyTrib 2022
CY - Stockholm, Sweden
DA - 05.12.2022
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Fretting
KW - Elastomers
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-62006
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Hydrogen Sensing - Sensors for Safety and Process Control in Hydrogen Technologies
N2 - The success of this energy transition and the efficient utilization of green hydrogen as a pristine energy carrier hinge upon the cultivation of hydrogen readiness, swift market expansion, and the establishment of crucial value chains within national and European contexts. Paramount to these objectives are reliable quality and safety standards, essential for ensuring supply safety, environmental compatibility, and instilling confidence in these technologies.
In the realm of safety management systems, gas sensors emerge as vital components for detecting hydrogen. This presentation delves into the imperative role of hydrogen systems, emphasizing their capability to monitor and control operations, issue warnings, signal hazardous conditions, and sound alarms. It explores the intricate landscape of functional safety considerations and addresses the challenges associated with measurement uncertainty in sensor testing.
A diverse array of sensors catering to hydrogen, pressure, temperature, and flow are available, each contributing significantly to the safety and efficiency of hydrogen technologies. Applications are envisaged to adhere meticulously to quality infrastructural regulations, codes, and standards, ensuring seamless integration and operation within the broader hydrogen ecosystem.
This discussion underscores the ubiquitous presence of sensor systems across various fields within hydrogen technologies, illustrating their multifaceted contributions to safety, reliability, and overall success in realizing the transformative potential of green hydrogen.
T2 - Joint European Summer School JESS 2024
CY - Vravrona, Greece
DA - 16.09.2024
KW - H2Safety@BAM
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Sensor
KW - Sensor technology
KW - Safety
KW - Process control
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-61677
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stutz, C.
A1 - Bilecka, I.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Niederberger, M.
A1 - Börner, H.G.
T1 - Superparamagnetic core-shell nanoparticles as solid supports for peptide synthesis
N2 - Functional superparamagnetic coreshell nanoparticles are synthesized by a microwave assisted route and can be used as colloidal supports for peptide synthesis in 'quasi solution'.
KW - Nanotechnology
KW - Small-angle X-ray scatering
KW - SAXS
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cc33492e
SN - 0022-4936
SN - 0009-241x
SN - 1359-7345
SN - 1364-548x
VL - 48
IS - 57
SP - 7176
EP - 7178
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-26116
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
T1 - Toward sustainable and hydrogen compatible sealing materials
N2 - As sealing components, polymeric materials are used in a wide range of applications e.g. as O-rings and piston rings in high-pressure and/or cryogenic hydrogen. For these extreme demanding application, PTFE or PPS based materials are often used as high-performance polymer matrix. This project aims to provide a safe and sustainable sealing solutions for hydrogen applications. New materials with improved sustainability were investigated and compared with conventional grades. Tests were performed in hydrogen over a wide range of temperature and pressure (0.1 MPa to 40 MPa, and 100°C down to -150°C) at Kyushu University and BAM using a pin-on-disk apparatus in a continuous sliding motion. Polymer samples ran against 316L disk at 0.5 m/s and 3 MPa contact pressure. Based on the tribological results and surface analyses, promising candidates are suggested along with friction mechanisms in both high-pressure and low temperature hydrogen.
T2 - STLE Meeting
CY - Atlanta, Georgia, USA
DA - 18.05.2025
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Friction
KW - Wear
KW - Piston ring
KW - Reciprocating seals
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-63809
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Sarif, Raduan
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Herglotz, Christian
T1 - Analysis of Methods for Predicting H2 Sensor Responses
N2 - Hydrogen (H2) is crucial for replacing fossil fuels and achieving net-zero emissions, but its flammability and explosiveness pose safety challenges. Rapid H2 leak detection is essential for triggering emergency accidents. However, H2 sensor response is constrained by material properties and gas flow dynamics, causing response and detection delays. Our current study explores various available algorithms for H2 sensor response prediction from early responses with a small time window, accelerating leakage detection. Our findings identify the most efficient algorithms for real-time implementation, enhancing H2 safety systems.
T2 - SMSI 2025 Conference – Sensor and Measurement Science International
CY - Nuremberg, Germany
DA - 06.05.2025
KW - H2 safety
KW - Early H2 leakage detection
KW - Prediction algorithms
KW - Stable H2 value prediction
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64194
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Bock, Robert
T1 - Introduction Living Lab Hydrogen Refueling Station
N2 - Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) forscht und prüft für Sicherheit in Technik und Chemie an drei Standorten in Berlin, sowie auf dem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit in Horstwalde in Brandenburg. Hier haben wir weitreichende Möglichkeiten, Großversuche im Realmaßstab durchzuführen. Besonderes Augenmerk richten wir heute auf das Reallabor Wasserstofftankstelle. Diese voll digitalisierte technische Anlage, die die Wertschöpfungskette von Wasserstoff abbildet, wurde gerade eröffnet und steht nun Partnern aus Industrie und Forschung sowie kleinen mittelständischen Unternehmen oder Start-Ups zum gemeinsamen Forschen und Erproben neuer Technologie zur Verfügung. Ihre Besonderheiten umfassen z.B. eine umfassende Prozessüberwachung nach Industrie 4.0, die dafür nötige IT/OT Infrastruktur, Digitale Zwillinge auf verschiedenen Ebenen, großflächige Aufstellung und baulicher Schutz, Gas-Probenahmestellen auf dem Weg durch die Anlage und H2-Sensornetzwerke zur frühzeitigen Erfassung und Ortung von Leckagen.
T2 - Sonderkolloquium H2safety@BAM
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 04.11.2025
KW - Wasserstoff
KW - Reallabor
KW - Digitalisierung
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64699
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Multigassensoren - Standardisierte Prüfanweisung und Prüfgase für VOC-Detektoren zur Innenraumluftgütemessung
N2 - Flüchtige organische Verbindungen (VOC, "Volatile Organic Compounds") sind ein wichtiger Parameter zur Bewertung der Luftqualität speziell in Innenräumen. Deren Bestimmung ist vergleichsweise komplex, da VOC ein Oberbegriff für viele verschiedene Verbindungen ist. Die Richtlinie VDI/VDE 3518 Blatt 4[1] (Entwurf) beschreibt eine vom Messprinzip unabhängige Prüfung sowie sinnvolle Prüfgasmischungen für VOC-Detektoren. Die Richtlinie schafft die Basis für vergleichbare Messungen mit Sensoren und Messsystemen für die Bestimmung von VOC Konzentrationen in Innenräumen.
T2 - 22. GMA/ITG- Fachtagung Sensoren und Messsysteme 2024
CY - Nuremberg, Germany
DA - 11.06.2024
KW - Richtlinie
KW - VOC
KW - VOC-Detektion
KW - Innenraumluftgüte
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-61675
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
A1 - Gradt, Thomas
T1 - Benchmarking of polymer materials for tribological applications in hydrogen
N2 - The focus of this study is to evaluate the influence of hydrogen on the friction and wear behavior of a wide range of polymer materials. Thereby, the tribological performance of filled und unfilled polymers from different suppliers were compared at room temperature in air and hydrogen gas (H2) as well as in liquid hydrogen at -235°C (LH2).
T2 - 23rd International Conference on Wear of Materials
CY - Online meeting
DA - 26.04.2021
KW - Polymers
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Friction
KW - Wear
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-52651
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tahri, K.
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Bougrini, M.
A1 - Saidi, T.
A1 - El Alami El Hassani, N.
A1 - El Bari, N.
A1 - Hübert, Thomas
A1 - Bouchikhi, B.
T1 - Characterization and discrimination of saffron by multisensory systems, SPME-GC-MS and UV-Vis spectrophotometry
N2 - Different electronic sensor systems coupled with multivariate data analysis were applied to characterize and classify seven saffron samples and to verify their declared geographical origin. The proposed electronic sensing consists of a low-cost electronic nose (E-nose) based on metal oxide semiconductor sensors and a voltammetric electronic tongue (VE-tongue) based on voltammetric sensors. The ability of multivariable analysis methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to classify the saffron samples according to their geographical origin have been investigated. Both PCA and HCA have shown an overlapping of E-nose responses. Moreover, the SVM analysis of the E-nose database reached a 66.07% success rate in the recognition of the saffron sample odour. On the other hand, good discrimination has been reached using PCA and HCA in the VE-tongue characterization case, besides a 100% accuracy in the saffron flavour recognition was attained. To validate the proposed electronic sensing systems, analytical chemical methods such as SPME-GC-MS and UV-Vis spectrophotometry were used. These analytical methods could be helpful tools to identify the composition of volatile compounds of the analysed saffron samples. Moreover, UV-Vis spectrophotometry was also used to determine the non-volatile profile of the samples from different geographic origins. It is demonstrated that the electronic sensing systems' findings are in a satisfactory correlation with the analytical methods. In the light of these results, we might say that the electronic systems offer a fast, simple and efficient tool to recognize the declared geographical origin of the saffron samples.
KW - Electronic nose
KW - Voltammetric electronic tongue
KW - SPME-GC-MS
KW - UV-vis spectrophotometry
KW - Saffron
KW - Geographic differentiation
KW - Multivariable analysis
PY - 2015
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5AY01986A
SN - 1759-9660
SN - 1759-9679
VL - 7
IS - 24
SP - 10328
EP - 10338
PB - RSC Publ.
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-35174
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Melzer, Michael
T1 - Sensors for safety and process control in hydrogen technologies - Part II - Seminar about the expression of uncertainty in measurement
N2 - The determination of the measurement uncertainty of quantitative and qualitative results is an important quality management tool, for example to describe measuring equipment, procedures, measurement results and the quality of products. The lecture presents the process description for the determination of the measurement uncertainty according to GUM, the determination of uncertainties in qualitative measurement results and the application of the measurement uncertainty for conformity assessment.
T2 - Joint European Summer School 2021 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies
CY - Online meeting
DA - 12.09.2021
KW - Quality management tool
KW - Measurement uncertainty
KW - Quantiative results
KW - Qualitative results
KW - Conformity assessment
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-54132
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Sensors for safety and process control in hydrogen technologies
N2 - Sensor systems are widely used in hydrogen technologies. The lecture presents requirements and properties of sensor systems and shows application examples of these technologies for safety and process control for hydrogen technologies. The focus is on gas sensors as well as sensors for pressure, temperature and gas flow. These systems are applied, among other things, for monitoring and control of operating conditions, indication of hazardous conditions and triggering of alarms.
T2 - Joint European Summer School 2021 on Fuel Cell, Electrolyser, and Battery Technologies
CY - Online meeting
DA - 12.09.2021
KW - Sensor
KW - Safety
KW - Process control
KW - Hydrogen technologies
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-54131
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Development of a device for staged determination of water activity and moisture content
N2 - Moisture content and water activity are important parameters of product characterization; thus, an exact determination is necessarily required in a wide range of industrial applications. Moisture content of materials is the content of non-chemically bound water in a solid or liquid. Water activity (aW) is a characteristic/parameter of the non-chemically bound ("free") water in materials and is measured as humidity over a solid/liquid surface at constant temperature (equilibrium moisture content). It is an important parameter to characterize the quality of pharmaceutical and food products. In our contribution, we present a developed device for staged determination of water activity and moisture content of liquid and solid materials.
T2 - Eurosensors 2018
CY - Graz, Austria
DA - 09.09.2018
KW - Water activity
KW - Moisture content
KW - Measuring cell
KW - Sorption isotherm
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-45943
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Theiler, Geraldine
T1 - Comparative evaluation of the sliding performance of polymers materials in gaseous and liquid hydrogen
N2 - The focus of this study is to evaluate the influence of hydrogen on the friction and wear behavior of a wide range of commercially available polymer materials. Thereby, Filled and unfilled polymers from different suppliers were evaluated at room temperature in air and hydrogen gas (H2) as well as in liquid hydrogen at - 253°C (LH2).
T2 - 2023 Hydrogenius & I2CNER Tribology Symposium
CY - Fukuoka, Japan
DA - 03.02.2023
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Tribology
KW - Cryogenic
KW - LH2
KW - Polymers
PY - 2023
AN - OPUS4-61961
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Hildebrandt, Jana
T1 - Polypropylene and polyethylene nanoplastics in water
N2 - Considering the huge amount of plastics, that is produced and thrown away all over the world every day, an increasing part of the society became aware of microplastic and its possible impact on the environment. Polymer particles smaller than 1 µm are called nanoplastic. Due to their small size they form a special group within particulate waste. Their high specific surface makes it easier for them to penetrate tissue and pose potential harm. On the other hand, the size and the chemical structure make it difficult to detect and analyze nanoplastics in nature. Furthermore, the concentrations in environmental samples are very low. Therefore, there is a need for a well-characterized nanoplastic material, that serves as a reference for nanoplastic found in nature.
T2 - Tag der Chemie 2021 Uni Potsdam
CY - Online meeting
DA - 06.07.2021
KW - Nanoplastic
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-53775
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tyagi, R.
A1 - Malhotra, S.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Sedighi, A.
A1 - Weber, M.
A1 - Schäfer, A.
A1 - Haag, R.
T1 - Investigations of host-guest interactions with shape-persistent nonionic dendritic micelles
N2 - The interaction of self-assembled dendritic amphiphiles with drugs and dyes in aqueous solutions is of great significance for designing and optimizing shape-persistent delivery systems. Here we present deeper insight for two examples of low molecular weight (LMW) nonionic dendritic amphiphiles as host molecules and a series of selected aromatic guest model molecules (benzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, terphenyl, anthracene, and pyrene). Aromatic guest molecules were incorporated into the self-assemblies of dendritic nanocarriers, and the resultant complexes were studied by a combination of UV, NMR, computational simulation, and small-angle X-ray-scattering (SAXS) techniques in order to determine the loading capacity, localization, and specific interactions in dendritic amphiphiles with guest molecules. Our findings revealed that the localization of guest molecules in the hydrophobic region and the loading capacity of guest molecules are dependent on their size and the arrangement of aromatic rings instead of the loading amount. Furthermore, the shape of self-assembled host molecules was found to be ellipsoidal and highly persistent even after loading the guest molecules. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic host–guest study, particularly with low molecular weight nonionic dendritic amphiphilies and aromatic guest molecules. Thus, this study opens new possibilities and ways to explore the transport behavior of aromatic drugs with such nanocarriers.
KW - Nanotechnology
PY - 2013
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/jp401503y
SN - 1932-7447
SN - 1089-5639
VL - 117
IS - 23
SP - 12307
EP - 12317
PB - Soc.
CY - Washington, DC
AN - OPUS4-28710
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Harwege, Finn
A1 - Schmidt, Heiko
A1 - Eberwein, Robert
T1 - Testing of vacuum insulation panels for liquid hydrogen storage tanks
N2 - Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) based insulation could present an alternative to the common double walled vacuum insulation for large liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks. In this paper a brief introduction on VIPs and the envisioned design of VIP-based LH2-tank insulation is given. The design of a flat plate boil-off calorimeter for the testing of the insulation concept is shown, with regard to thermal design, mechanical design and instrumentation. Finally, an overview over the particular challenges for modelling VIP-based insulation and the proposed testing to be performed on the test rig is presented.
T2 - 18th Cryogenics IIR International Conference
CY - Prague, Czech Republic
DA - 07.04.2025
KW - Liquefied Hydrogen
KW - Insulation
KW - Calorimeter
KW - Vacuum Insulation Panel
KW - LH2
PY - 2025
SN - 0151-1637
DO - https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.cryo.2025.0010
SN - 978-2-36215-053-1
VL - 2025
SP - 168
EP - 174
PB - ICCEX
CY - Prag
AN - OPUS4-62959
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
T1 - Fehlervermeidung, Schadenverhütung und Sicherheitsmanagement in der Wasserstofftechnologie
N2 - Um den Aspekt der Strategie zur Fehlervermeidung und Schadenprävention in Wasserstofftechnologien zu integrieren, ist es entscheidend, proaktiv auf potenzielle Schwachstellen in den Systemen und Prozessen zu achten. Dies beinhaltet die Implementierung von präventiven Maßnahmen als Elemente des Sicherheitsmanagements, um mögliche Fehlerquellen zu identifizieren und zu eliminieren. Darüber hinaus sollten Schulungen gezielt auf die Vermeidung von Fehlern und die sichere Anwendung von Wasserstofftechnologien ausgerichtet sein. Eine durchdachte Strategie zur Fehlervermeidung trägt wesentlich dazu bei, Unfälle zu verhindern und die Gesamtsicherheit bei der Nutzung von Wasserstoff zu erhöhen.
T2 - Forum Schadenverhütung am 12.10.2023 der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Berlin Brandenburg (AGS) in Kooperation mit der AGBB Berlin e.V
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 12.10.2023
KW - H2Safety@BAM
KW - Gassensorik
KW - Wasserstoff
KW - Fehlervermeidung
KW - Schadenverhütung
KW - Sicherheitsmanagement
PY - 2023
AN - OPUS4-59226
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Lay, Vera
T1 - Multi-sensor conception for safe sealing structures in underground repositories
N2 - The project "SealWasteSafe" of the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (Berlin) deals with sealing structures applied for underground disposal of nuclear waste from two perspectives: material improvement for application in sealing constructions and feasibility study regarding multi-sensor approaches to ensure quality assurance and long-term monitoring.
One specimen of 150 l made of alkali-activated material, which was found innovative and suitable for sealing constructions based on preliminary laboratory studies, and another one made of conventional salt concrete, are manufactured with an integrated multi-sensory setup for quality assurance and long-term-monitoring. The specimens were left in their cast form and additionally thermally insulated to simulate the situation in the repository. The multi-sensory concept comprises RFID technology embedded in the specimens suppling material temperature and moisture measurements, integrated distributed fibre optic sensing allowing strain measurement and acoustic emission testing for monitoring crack formation. Overall, the suitability and the functionality of the sensors embedded into and attached to strongly alkaline (pH > 13 for the AAM) and salt corrosive (NaCl) environment was proven for the first 672 h.
First RFID measurement succeeded after 626 h for the alkali-activated material and after 192 h for the conventional salt concrete. Strain measurement based on fibre optic sensing turned out the alkali-activated material (> 1 mm/m) undergoing approximately twice the compression strain as the salt concrete (< 0.5 mm/m). In contrast, the acoustic emission first and single hits representing crack formation in numbers, was found for alkali-activated material half of that detected at the salt concrete.
T2 - SMIRT 26
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 10.07.2022
KW - SealWasteSafe
KW - Monitoring
KW - Acoustic emission
KW - Fibre optic sensing
KW - RFID technology
KW - Alkali-activated material
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-55372
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Johann, Sergej
T1 - Feasibility study for safe workplaces through automation and digitalization technology with redesigned smart sensors and lorawan monitoring system
N2 - This project addresses the application of safe and healthy workplaces in offices, chemical laboratories and other workplaces where indoor air quality plays an important role. The LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) is used as a communication interface to make sensor data globally accessible.
The objectives of the project are to create a sensor node and an online and offline system that collects the data from the sensor nodes and stores it on a local server, in a cloud, and also locally on the node to prevent communication failures. An important point in this project is the development of the sensor nodes and the placement of these in the premises, thus no development work is involved in Building the infrastructure.
T2 - SMSI 2021
CY - Online meeting
DA - 03.05.2021
KW - Smart sensors
KW - Air quality monitoring
KW - LoRaWAN,
KW - VOC
KW - Multisensor system
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-52650
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Ballast, H.
A1 - Ballenweg, R.
A1 - Bordin, P.
A1 - Buhn, J.
A1 - Hahn, M.
A1 - Schalau, Bernd
A1 - Schönbucher, A.
A1 - Seifert, U.
A1 - Westphal, F.
A1 - Wörsdörfer, K.
ED - Pfeil, N.
T1 - Quelltermberechnung bei störungsbedingten Stoff- und Energiefreisetzungen in der Prozessindustrie - Methodenübersicht und industrielle Anwendung
N2 - m vorliegenden Statuspapier werden Modelle zur Berechnung von Quelltermen bei der störungsbedingten Freisetzung von Stoffen zur Verfügung gestellt, deren physikalische Grundlagen erläutert, Einsatzbereiche im Vergleich zu experimentellen Untersuchungen diskutiert und exemplarische Berechnungen gezeigt. Mit den vorgestellten Modellen werden der Stand der Modellierung in der Industrie im deutschsprachigen Raum dargestellt und darüber hinausgehend auch aktuelle Modelle der Wissenschaft vorgestellt. Der Fokus liegt auf der Anwendung von relativ einfachen, handhabbaren Formeln. Das Statuspapier soll durch die vergleichende Diskussion verschiedener Ansätze und Modelle dem Anwender Entscheidungsmöglichkeiten eröffnen, eine der jeweiligen Fragestellung angepasste Berechnungsmethode auszuwählen.
KW - SEVESO III-Richtlinie
KW - Störfall-Verordnung
KW - Störausfallwirkungsbetrachtung
PY - 2012
SN - 978-3-89746-135-2
IS - Statuspapier
SP - 1
EP - 238
PB - DECHEMA
CY - Frankfurt/M.
AN - OPUS4-26983
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ruhl, Aki Sebastian
A1 - Göbel, Artur
A1 - Kranzmann, Axel
T1 - Corrosion behavior of various steels for compression, transport and injection for carbon capture and storage
N2 - Steels used within the process chain of carbon capture and storage (CCS) are exposed to conditions that are currently not fully tested. In the present work a number of steels were selected as possible construction materials: Alloyed steels for application in the compression and injection sections and low alloyed carbon steels for use as pipelines. Exposure tests were conducted over 600 hours at ambient pressure in a continuous flow of a simulated gas stream consisting of carbon dioxide with low contents of the relevant flue gas components nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxygen and water. Temperatures were adjusted to 5, 60 and 170 centigrade.
KW - CCS
KW - Material selection
KW - Gas corrosion
KW - Dew point corrosion
KW - Compression
KW - Pipeline
KW - Injection
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.074
SN - 1876-6102
VL - 23
SP - 216
EP - 225
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-27913
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rurack, Knut
T1 - Nanoparticle-based sensors: Striped cation-trappers
N2 - Toxic metal cations in environmental samples can be detected with ultrahigh sensitivity through measurements of the tunnelling current across crosslinked films of nanoparticles decorated with striped monolayers of organic ligands.
KW - Goldnanopartikel
KW - Metallionen
KW - Self-assembled monolayers
KW - Sensoren
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3469
SN - 1476-1122
VL - 11
IS - 11
SP - 913
EP - 914
PB - Nature Publishing Group
CY - Basingstoke
AN - OPUS4-26873
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - The critical role of safety in hydrogen and energy projects across the continent
N2 - Safety plays a critical role in the success and sustainability of hydrogen and energy projects across Africa, where the push for clean and renewable energy is rapidly gaining momentum. Given hydrogen’s flammability and the complex infrastructure required for its production, storage, and transport, strict safety protocols are essential to protect workers, communities, and the environment. In regions with developing regulatory frameworks, establishing robust safety standards and fostering a culture of safety is vital to attract investment, ensure public trust, and prevent accidents that could derail progress. Prioritizing safety not only safeguards lives but also supports the long-term viability and credibility of Africa’s emerging hydrogen economy.
T2 - Global African Hydrogen Summit - Technical Seminar Programme
CY - Windhoek, Namibia
DA - 09.09.2025
KW - Safety
KW - Namibia
KW - Hydrogen infrastructure
KW - Acceptance
KW - Expert recommendations
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64435
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rücker, Werner
A1 - Lüddecke, Falk
A1 - Thöns, Sebastian
T1 - Tragverhalten von Offshore Gründungskonstruktionen - Rechnerische und messtechnische Untersuchungen
N2 - Dieser Artikel enthält eine Zusammenfassung von Ergebnissen des Forschungsverbundvorhabens 'OGOWIN: Optimierung aufgelöster Gründungsstrukturen für Offshore-Windenergieanlagen hinsichtlich Materialeinsatz, Montageablauf und neuer Fertigungsverfahren'. Die Ergebnisse umfassen (1) eine Untersuchung des dynamischen Verhaltens der verschiedenen Gründungsvarianten Monopile, Tripod und Jacket, (2) die Ermittlung einer Wöhlerlinie für den Grundwerkstoff eines Stahlgussknotens, (3) die Ermittlung der Traglast eines Stahlgussknotens in einem 1:1-Versuch sowie (4) Berechnungen zur Form- und Materialoptimierung. Zur Überwachung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit während des Betriebes wurden relevante Parameter hinsichtlich ihres Einflusses auf die ersten Eigenfrequenzen der o. g. Gründungskonstruktionen rechnerisch untersucht. Untersuchungen der Ermüdungsfestigkeit und die erstmalige experimentelle Ermittlung der Traglast eines Gussknotens tragen zu einem optimierten Entwurf durch genaue Kenntnis des Materialverhaltens und der höchstbeanspruchten Bereiche bei. Darüber hinaus konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine geometrische Optimierung des Stahlgussknotens unter konstruktiven Randbedingungen zu einer Verringerung des Materialaufwandes bzw. zu einer Erhöhung der Traglast führen kann. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This paper contains a summary of the joint research project 'OGOWIN: Optimisation of support structures for offshore wind turbines regarding the material consumption, the construction and production sequence as well as new production methodologies'. The results comprise (1) a modal analyses of various types of offshore wind turbine support structures, (2) the fatigue strength testing of the cast steel material, (3) a large scale ultimate capacity test of a cast steel tube connection and (4) an optimisation of the tube connection aiming at material and stress reduction. The sensitivity of the relevant parameters on the first natural frequencies was quantified and the most influencing parameters were identified. The analyses of the fatigue strength and of the ultimate capacity of the cast steel tube connection support an optimised design by precise knowledge of the failure mechanisms and material behaviour. Moreover, it is shown that optimising the cast steel node can reduce the material use and stress concentration.
KW - Gussknoten
KW - Ermüdung
KW - Traglast
KW - Optimierung
KW - Cast steel tube connection
KW - Fatigue
KW - Ultimate capacity
KW - Optimisation
KW - Meerestechnik
KW - Offshore engineering
KW - Stahlbau
KW - Steel construction
KW - Neue Verfahren/Versuchstechnik
KW - New Processes/Experimental Techniques
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.201200022
SN - 0932-8351
SN - 1437-0999
SN - 0005-6820
SN - 0341-1052
SN - 0932-6359
VL - 89
IS - 12
SP - 821
EP - 830
PB - Ernst & Sohn
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-27426
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Schmidt, Martin
A1 - Scheid, Marc
A1 - Seifert, Alexander
A1 - Böhme, Thilo
A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter
A1 - Bulin, Michael
T1 - Bandbreiten sicherheitstechnischer Kenngrößen brennbarer Stäube im Gemeinsamen Stoffdatenpool Bund / Länder (GSBL)
N2 - Die Beurteilung des Gefahrenpotentials brennbarer Stäube erfolgt üblicherweise mit Hilfe so genannter sicherheitstechnischer Kenngrößen (STK). Häufig werden hierfür in Datenbanken bereitgestellte Werte in der Vergangenheit untersuchter Stäube herangezogen. Insbesondere aufgrund stofflicher Unterschiede der untersuchten Stäube sind erhebliche Streuungen der ermittelten STK in Datenbanken enthaltener namentlich identischer Stäube festzustellen. Die Verwendung der Daten von Einzelstäuben kann daher zu unsicheren Einschätzungen hinsichtlich des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes führen.
Vorgestellt wird ein Konzept, Stäube zu praxisrelevanten Gruppen zusammenzufassen und bewertete Bandbreiten sicherheitstechnischer Kenngrößen anzugeben. Die im Rahmen eines vom Sächsischen Landesamt für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie, Dresden geförderten Vorhabens generierten Staubgruppen und zugehörigen Bandbreiten der STK stehen in der Datenbank GSBLpublic für die freie Nutzung zur Verfügung.
T2 - 11. Fachtagung Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit
CY - Köthen, Germany
DA - 07.11.2013
KW - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen
KW - Stäube
KW - Staubexplosionen
KW - Datenbank
PY - 2013
SN - 978-3-86011-058-4
IS - P-03
SP - 1
EP - 11
AN - OPUS4-29532
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ruhl, Aki Sebastian
A1 - Kranzmann, Axel
T1 - Corrosion in supercritical CO2 by diffusion of flue gas acids and water
N2 - Carbon capture and storage (CCS) includes processing of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). The carbon dioxide (CO2) stemming from flue gases contains acid forming impurities, especially in the case of coal fired power plants. In the present work, the mobility and reactivity of acids in supercritical scCO2 was investigated. The corrosive attack of low alloyed carbon steel (material 1.0484) by water (H2O) alone in scCO2 was negligible. Nitric acid (HNO3) was very mobile and corrosive towards the carbon steel while sulfuric acid did not migrate through the scCO2 to react with the steel surface. Hydrochloric acid in scCO2 was very mobile and reactive towards both carbon steel and high alloyed test equipment. Gravimetric analyses revealed a severe material loss after corrosion in the presence of HNO3. Thickness measurements showed localized material losses.
KW - Supercritical CO2
KW - Corrosion
KW - Carbon steel
KW - Carbon capture and storage
KW - CCS
KW - Flue gas acids
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2012.04.015
SN - 0896-8446
VL - 68
SP - 81
EP - 86
PB - Elsevier
CY - New York, NY [u.a.]
AN - OPUS4-28054
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schälike, Stefan
A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter
A1 - Gawlowski, M.
A1 - Schönbucher, A.
T1 - Validation of submodels for CFD simulation of n-hexane pool flames including interferometry
N2 - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is used to predict transient and time-averaged glame temperatures and species concentrations of an n-hexane pool flame. Employing a combination of an assumed probability density function approach with laminar flamelets using detailed kinetic data and large-eddy simulation with Smagorinsky submodel is shown to be a promising way in modeling pool and tank fires. The measured species concentration and flame temperature profiles from gas chromatography, thermocouple measurements and holographic interferometry are used to validate the submodels for CFD simulation of pool flames.
KW - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
KW - Interferometry
KW - Large eddy simulation (LES)
KW - Non-premixed flame
KW - Pool fire
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201100179
SN - 0009-286X
SN - 1522-2640
VL - 84
IS - 4
SP - 484
EP - 490
PB - Wiley-VCH Verl.
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-25418
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schartel, Bernhard
A1 - Beck, Uwe
A1 - Bahr, Horst
A1 - Hertwig, Andreas
A1 - Knoll, Uta
A1 - Weise, Matthias
T1 - Sub-micrometre coatings as an infrared mirror: a new route to flame retardancy
N2 - Most of the polymeric materials used are easy to ignite and show extensive flame spread along their surfaces. Apart from extensive heat release rates, their short time to ignition (tig), in particular, is a key fire hazard. Preventing ignition eliminates fire hazards completely. Protection layers that shift tig by more than an order of magnitude are powerful flame retardancy approaches presenting an alternative to the usual flame retardancy concepts.
Coatings are proposed that consist of a three-layer system to ensure adhesion to the substrate, acting as an infrared (IR) mirror and protecting against oxidation. The IR-mirror layer stack is realised by physical vapour deposition in the sub-micrometre (<1 µm) range, reducing heat absorption by up to an order of magnitude. Not only is the ease of ignition diminished (tig is increased by several minutes), the flame spread and fire growth indices are also remarkably reduced to as little as 1/10 of the values of the uncoated polymers open for further optimization. Sub-micrometre thin IR-mirror coatings yielding surface absorptivity <0.1 are proposed as a novel and innovative flame retardancy approach.
KW - Coating
KW - Fire protection
KW - Physical vapour deposition (PVD)
KW - IR mirror
KW - Ignition
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.1122
SN - 0308-0501
SN - 1099-1018
VL - 36
IS - 8
SP - 671
EP - 677
PB - Heyden
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-27210
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Weimann, Karin
A1 - Farago, Patrick
A1 - Mayer, Felix
ED - Angulo, Sergio
ED - Landmann, Mirko
T1 - New sources for secondary gypsum
N2 - In order to protect natural gypsum deposits and to compensate for the decreasing amount of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) gypsum it is necessary to develop and explore new sources of gypsum. For this purpose, the potentials of different gypsum wastes are investigated in the study “GipsRec 2.0”, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany).
On the one hand, the project worked on a new processing technology for gypsum fiberboards (GFB). While the recycling of gypsum plasterboards has already been carried out on an industrial scale for several years, the recycling of gypsum fiberboards (GFB) has proven to be challenging. Gypsum fiberboards from demolition sites and offcuts from GFB production were used for these investigations. The tests were conducted on a technical scale. Furthermore, various synthetic gypsums are being investigated with regard to their suitability for gypsum production. The analyses are carried out on production residues.
In this project, a promising process for gypsum fiberboard recycling could be developed, as well as other waste gypsums are investigated and evaluated with regard to their potential as secondary raw material. In addition, selected process routes are assessed for their environmental impact using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach.
T2 - RILEM - V International Conference Progress of Recycling in the Built Environment
CY - Weimar, Germany
DA - 10.10.2023
KW - Gypsum recycling
KW - Gypsum fiberboards and synthetic gypsum
KW - Environmental evaluation
PY - 2023
VL - V
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - RILEM Publications Sarl
CY - Bagneux, France
AN - OPUS4-60315
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gomes, Bruna F.
A1 - Prokop, Martin
A1 - Bystron, Tomas
A1 - Loukrakpam, Rameshwori
A1 - Melke, Julia
A1 - Lobo, Carlos M. S.
A1 - Fink, Michael
A1 - Zhu, Mengshu
A1 - Voloshina, Elena
A1 - Kutter, Maximilian
A1 - Hoffmann, Hendrik
A1 - Yusenko, Kirill V.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Röder, Bettina
A1 - Bouzek, Karel
A1 - Paulus, Beate
A1 - Roth, Christina
T1 - Following Adsorbed Intermediates on a Platinum Gas Diffusion Electrode in H3PO3-Containing Electrolytes Using In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
N2 - One of the challenges of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is the poisoning of the Pt catalystwith H3PO4. H3PO4 is imbibed into the routinely used polybenzimidazole-based membranes, which facilitate Proton conductivity in the temperature range of 120−200 °C. However, when leached out of the membrane by water produced during operation, H3PO4 adsorbs on the Pt catalyst surface, blocking the active sites and hindering the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
The reduction of H3PO4 to H3PO3, which occurs at the anode due to a combination of a low potential and the presence of gaseous H2, has been investigated as an additional important contributing factor to the observed poisoning effect. H3PO3 has an affinity toward adsorption on Pt surfaces even greater than that of H2PO4 −. In this work, we investigated the poisoning effect of both H3PO3 and H3PO4 using a half-cell setup with a gas diffusion electrode under ambient conditions. By means of in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, it was possible to follow the signature of different species adsorbed on the Pt nanoparticle catalyst (H, O, H2PO4 −, and H3PO3) at different potentials under ORR conditions in various electrolytes (HClO4, H3PO4, and H3PO3). It was found that H3PO3 adsorbs in a pyramidal configuration P(OH)3 through a Pt−P bond. The competition between H3PO4 and H3PO3 adsorption was studied, which should allow for a better understanding of the catalyst poisoning mechanism and thus assist in the development of strategies to mitigate this phenomenon in the future by minimizing H3PO3 generation by, for example, improved catalyst design or adapted operation conditions or changes in the electrolyte composition.
KW - H3PO4 life cycle
KW - XAS
KW - In situ coupling
KW - High-temperature fuel cells
KW - H3PO3,
KW - Δμ XANES
PY - 2022
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.2c02630
SN - 2155-5435
VL - 12
IS - 18
SP - 11472
EP - 11484
PB - American Chemical Society (ACS)
AN - OPUS4-64733
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kulow, Anicó
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Streli, C.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - On the way to full-field X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy imaging with coded apertures
N2 - Imaging with X-rays is a challenging field, due to the optical properties of X-rays. The fabrication of appropriate optics is usually expensive and requires an elaborate manufacturing process. One simpler and less expensive possibility of imaging high energy radiation is coded aperture imaging, a technique well established in astrophysics and also used in nuclear medicine or radiation detection, e.g., for nuclear decommissioning. Our aim is to adapt coded aperture imaging for X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in the nearfield. In this work we show theoretical considerations and preliminary simulations of Image formation through a coded aperture and three different reconstruction methods to prepare the experiments. We used a new mask based on an inverted modified uniformly redundant array (MURA) that could be used for the construction of a decoding mask for all investigated geometrical arrangements.
The most commonly used reconstruction method, convoluting the detected image with a Decoding mask, does not always deliver satisfactory results. This is more noticeable for small distances between the object, mask and detector. Hence, we developed two new reconstruction methods, one based on iterative algebraic optimization and another one based on a genetic algorithm. Both show good performance even in those cases where the convolution method fails. This provides a basis for further investigations of the ideal parameters for near field coded aperture imaging and refinements of the algorithms. We performed first measurements with a coded aperture at the BAMline at BESSY II and could successfully reconstruct a test object from the obtained recorded images.
KW - X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
KW - Coded aperture
KW - Imaging
KW - Iterative reconstruction
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00232d
VL - 35
IS - 2
SP - 347
EP - 356
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-50459
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Kulow, Anicó
A1 - Kabelitz, Anke
A1 - Grunewald, C.
A1 - Seidel, R.
A1 - Chapartegui-Arias, Ander
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
A1 - Beyer, S.
T1 - Observation of early ZIF-8 crystallization stages with X-ray absorption spectroscopy
N2 - The present study investigates early stages of ZIF-8 crystallization up to 5 minutes post mixing of precursor solutions. Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (DXAS) provides a refined understanding of the evolution of the coordination environment during ZIF-8 crystallization. Linear Combination Fiting (LCF) suggests tetrakis(1-methylimidazole)zinc2+ to be a suitable and stable mononuclear structure analogue for some early stage ZIF-8 intermediates. Our results pave the way for more detailed studies on physico-chemical aspects of ZIF-8 crystallization to better control tailoring ZIF-8 materials for specific applications.
KW - In-situ
KW - XANES
KW - ZIF-8
KW - Crystallization
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/D0SM01356K
SN - 1744-6848
VL - 17
IS - 2
SP - 331
EP - 334
PB - Royal Scociety of Chemistry
AN - OPUS4-51723
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Priebe, Nsesheye Susan
T1 - Influence of calcination conditions and varying compositions on the reactivity and performance of brick clays as supplementary cementitious materials
T1 - Der Einfluss von Kalzinierungsbedingungen und verschiedenen Zusammensetzungen auf die Reaktivität und Eigenschaften von Ziegeltonen verwendet als Zusatzstoffe in Beton
N2 - Calcined clays as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) have been identified and credited to be a viable solution in mitigating the CO2 emissions related to cement production and consumption. Calcined clays range from a variety of different clay types based on an assortment of varying minerals and compositions. While extensive data is available on kaolinitic clays (based on the 1:1 clay type), other clays such as brick clays (based on the 2:1 clay type) are currently understudied, although such clays are largely more available than the kaolinitic clays.
The aim of this thesis is to draw attention to the varying compositions present in two selected brick clays in Germany and elaborate on how such compositions affect their suitability to be used as SCMs in blended cement systems. The novelty of this thesis explains the relationship between the reactivity of the bricks to their varying compositions and their suitability for their employment as SCMs. This was based on their chemical and physical transformations in the calcination temperature range 650–900 or 950 °C, and the performance of the calcined brick clays in blended cement systems measured by their heat evolution, strength development and durability-related properties. The results of their performance were compared to two kaolinitic clays with varying compositions. While the kaolinitic clays generally exhibited the best performance as SCMs, the brick clay with a lower Fe2O3 content showed promising results similar to the kaolinitic clays when an optimum calcination temperature is applied and when substituted at a moderate cement substitution rate. Thus, this finding promoted further efforts made to improve the reactivity of the brick clay by producing a mixed clay composed of 50 % brick clay (with lower Fe2O3 content) and 50 % kaolinitic clay. The mixed clay was compared to the two individual brick clays and one kaolinitic clay, whereby optimum calcination conditions were performed in large-scale simulating an industrial-scale production of SCMs. All calcined clays exhibited pozzolanic reactivity, with the performance of the brick clays inferior to the kaolinitic clay, however, the mixed clay performed very similar to the kaolinitic clay.
At a similar degree of hydration compared to plain Portland cement, the good performance of the mixed clays was especially evident in the strength development and improved chloride penetration resistance, which was caused by a refinement in the pore structure in the cementitious systems. Moreover, it was deduced that not only the high surface area, but also, the solubility of Si and Al ions in the resulting calcinate of the mixed clays plays a significant role when calcined at ~600–700 °C, which points to viable options for optimal employment of brick clays in cementitious systems.
N2 - Die bei der Zementproduktion freigesetzte CO2-Menge und die daraus resultierenden Folgen für das Klima machen die Entwicklung von Zementersatzstoffen mit geringerem CO2-Fußabdruck erforderlich. Als besonders vielversprechend haben sich dabei die kalzinierten Tone erwiesen. Bei diesen handelt es sich um komplexe Systeme, bestehend aus einer Vielzahl verschiedener Tonminerale in variierender Konzentration und Zusammensetzung. Während für kaolinitische Tone (basierend auf 1:1 Tonmineralarten) bereits umfangreiche Daten gesammelt werden konnten, ist der Kenntnisstand zu anderen Tonarten z.B. Ziegeltonen (basierend auf 2:1 Tonmineralarten) derzeit noch unzureichend. Besonders vor dem Hintergrund der erheblich größeren Verfügbarkeit dieser Tonarten stellt dies einen erheblichen Nachteil dar.
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, anhand zweier Ziegeltone aus Deutschland, aufzuzeigen welche Auswirkung die unterschiedliche Zusammensetzung der Tone sowohl auf die Reaktivität als auch auf den Einsatz als Zementersatzstoffen in Mischzementsystemen hat. Entsprechende Änderungen in der Zusammensetzung der kalzinierten Tone wurden durch die Variation der Kalzinierungstemperatur im Temperaturbereich zwischen 650 °C und 900 °C bzw. 950 °C und den folglich unterschiedlich ablaufenden chemischen und physikalischen Umwandlungsprozessen der Tonminerale erreicht. Die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Systeme wurde anhand der Wärme- und Festigkeitsentwicklung sowie den Dauerhaftigkeitseigenschaften bewertet. Als Referenzsysteme dienten zwei 1:1 Tone mit unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung. Die bei den 1:1 Tonen erzielten Reaktivitäten waren im Vergleich zu den Ziegeltonen zwar höher, aber bei entsprechender Kalzinierungstemperatur und moderater Zementersatzrate konnten auch bei den Ziegeltonen vielversprechende Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen wurden in einem weiteren Schritt Mischtone, bestehend aus kaolinitischem Ton und Ziegelton mit geringerem Fe2O3 Gehalt (50:50), untersucht. Zur Bewertung wurden die zuvor untersuchten Ziegeltone und ein 1:1 Ton herangezogen. Bei allen kalzinierten Tonen konnte die pozzolanische Reaktion nachgewiesen werden, wobei der Ziegelton die geringsten und die 1:1 Tone die höchsten Werte lieferte. Das Mischtonsysteme sind leistungstechnisch bei den 1:1 Tonen einzuordnen.
Die strukturverfeinernde Wirkung des Mischtons beim Einsatz als Zementersatz in Portlandzementsystemen führte sowohl bei der Festigkeitsentwicklung als auch beim Chlorideindringwiderstand zu einer Leistungssteigerung. Zudem konnte gezeigt werden, dass nicht nur die große spezifische Oberfläche, sondern auch die hohe Löslichkeit der Si- und Al-Ionen in den Kalzinaten der bei ~600-700 °C kalzinierten Mischtone einen großen Einfluss hat und den Einsatz der Ziegeltone in zementären Systemen begünstigt. Die Möglichkeit zur Herstellung von Zementersatzstoffen im industriellen Maßstab konnte durch Versuche im Großmaßstab ebenfalls nachgewiesen werden.
KW - Blended cement
KW - Brick clay
KW - Calcined clay
KW - Hydration
KW - Illite
KW - Kalzinierte Tone
KW - Ziegelton
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-58816
DO - https://doi.org/10.26127/BTUOpen-5881
SP - i
EP - 153
PB - Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg
CY - Cottbus
AN - OPUS4-55048
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Mittermayr, F.
A1 - Gluth, Gregor
A1 - Grengg, C.
A1 - Garbe, U.
A1 - Jiang, G.
ED - Jiang, G.
T1 - Concrete corrosion characterization using advanced microscopic and spectroscopic techniques
N2 - The aim of this chapter is to give an overview of basic and advanced state-of-the-art microstructural and spectroscopic analytics to investigate inorganic material corrosion in the context of biochemically aggressive sewers. The chapter covers optical methods, electron beam, X-ray and neutron techniques (SEM, MLA, XRF, XRD, CT, Neutron radiography and tomography), and spectroscopic methods (MAS-NMR, FT-IR, and Raman). For each technique, a short section on the fundamental scientific background of the method precedes and examples of data output from the latter in respect to the corrosion of cementitious materials including reinforced concrete is presented.
KW - Cement
KW - Concrete
KW - Deterioration
KW - Spectroscopy
KW - Microscopy
PY - 2023
SN - 978-3-031-29940-7
SN - 978-3-031-29941-4
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29941-4_4
SP - 59
EP - 97
PB - Springer
CY - Cham
AN - OPUS4-57423
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Brieger, C.
A1 - Melke, J.
A1 - van der Bosch, N.
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Krishna Kayarkatte, M.
A1 - Schoeckel, A.
A1 - Roth, C.
T1 - A combined in-situ XAS-DRIFTS study unraveling adsorbate induced changes on the Pt nanoparticle structure
N2 - The adsorption behavior of Platinum nanoparticles was studied for the as-received catalyst (under inert gas), under hydrogen and CO atmosphere using our newly designed in-situ cell. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments were performed simultaneously with high data quality. Structural information and the type of adsorbate could be revealed via Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) analysis, Dl X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure analysis (Dl XANES) and in-situ DRIFTS. The as-received catalyst showed sub-surface oxygen and O(n-fold). Under CO atmosphere only CO(atop) was found. Reversible adsorbate induced changes of the Pt nanoparticle structure were derived from changes in the PtAPt coordination number and the corresponding bond distance. Under reducing conditions (H2, CO) a significant increase in both values occurred. Temperature dependent desorption of CO revealed a gradual shift from PtACO to PtAO. Reoxidation was clearly assigned to strong metal support interaction from the SiO2 support.
KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
KW - DRIFTS
KW - XANES
KW - CO adsorption
KW - Platinum
KW - Strong metal support interaction
KW - Silica support
KW - Adsorbates
KW - Infrared spectroscopy
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2016.03.034
IS - 339
SP - 57
EP - 67
PB - Elsevier Inc.
CY - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
AN - OPUS4-35815
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de Olivera, Paulo
A1 - Michalchuk, Adam
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Bienert, Ralf
A1 - Torresi, R.
A1 - Camargo, P.
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
T1 - Tandem X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scattering for in situ time-resolved monitoring of gold nanoparticle mechanosynthesis
N2 - Current time-resolved in situ approaches limit the scope of mechanochemical investigations possible. Here we develop a new, general approach to simultaneously follow the evolution of bulk atomic and electronic structure during a mechanochemical synthesis. This is achieved by coupling two complementary synchrotron-based X-ray methods: X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction. We apply this method to investigate the bottom-up mechanosynthesis of technologically important Au micro and nanoparticles in the presence of three different reducing agents, hydroquinone, sodium citrate, and NaBH4. Moreover, we show how XAS offers new insight into the early stage generation of growth species (e.g. monomers and clusters), which lead to the subsequent formation of nanoparticles. These processes are beyond the detection capabilities of diffraction methods. This combined X-ray approach paves the way to new directions in mechanochemical research of advanced electronic materials.
KW - Mechanochemistry
KW - XANES
KW - X-ray diffraction
KW - Nano particles
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/d0cc03862h
SN - 1364-548X
VL - 56
SP - 10329
EP - 10332
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
AN - OPUS4-51760
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Shasmal, Nilanjana
T1 - Effects of Direct femtosecond laser writing on chloroborosilicate glasses doped with Eu3+/Eu2+ and CdS quantum dots
N2 - Femtosecond (fs) direct laser writing (DLW) is a promising technique for developing nano-inhomogeneous materials with advanced optical properties and for fabricating novel photonic devices such as integrated waveguides, ultrafast optical switches, phase plates, and 3D optical memory. In this study, DLW was applied to chloroborosilicate glasses that were singly and co-doped with Eu and CdS quantum dots (QDs). The glasses were laser-treated within a very narrow range of experimental conditions, resulting in laser-inscribed sites exhibiting enhanced emission, similar to the glass-ceramics crystallized from the as-prepared glass. In the regions crystalized by DLW a significant reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ was verified by photoluminescence spectroscopy. However, the characteristics of the emission bands of Eu2+ changed markedly in the laser-treated sites as compared to the emission spectra of the same glass crystallized by heat treatment. A considerable redshift and splitting of the emission band were observed, attributed to changes in the surrounding environment of the rare earth (RE) ions which was, in turn, attributed to an alteration in the coordination number of Ba2 + and/or Eu2+ as a result of the high-power laser treatment. Although there was an issue with homogeneity of the glass in the micro-level, which restricts some of the aspects of the DLW, these findings suggest the potential for structural modifications through laser treatment, which could be harnessed to create new functionalities for advanced optical applications.
T2 - ICG 2025 (27th International Congress on Glass)
CY - Kolkata, India
DA - 20.01.2025
KW - Femtosecond direct laser writing
KW - DLW
KW - CdS quantum dots
KW - Eu/CdS co-doped glass
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-65285
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Quosdorf, Heike
T1 - Digital object identifier for additively manufactured parts as software package
N2 - A method to uniquely identify samples without printed or handwritten labels is an advantage not just for additively manufactured parts. To kickstart industry use cases, it is also important to provide a ready-made implementation kit. Following an open-science and open-source software approach Germanys Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) seeks to promote digital solutions of ongoing research projects. With this software package a novel method based on microstructural features as identifiers – DOI4AM (digital object identifier for additively manufactured parts) – will be explained alongside its implementation as open-source Python software package. The digital object identifier (DOI) links product data clearly and forgery-proof with real components. Its implementation helps to identify and securely authenticate additively manufactured components during its product life cycle by using characteristic microstructure features - just like a fingerprint. To calculate the DOI fingerprint, a few preprocessing steps need to be performed to detect the uniquely distributed microstructure features that occur during the 3D printing process. A go-through guide shows the preprocessing steps that include CT image capturing, feature segmentation, and data distribution with CSV files. While all steps can be followed along in a Jupyter notebook, the software package includes an application for creating and checking of previously created fingerprints, as well, as a containerized API (application programming interface) service for implementation in existing software platforms or workflows. While data visualization is crucial to understanding the methodology and an essential tool to check for data correctness, an implementation in an industry use case needs to be slim and resource efficient. Therefor the software’s API can be used as an independent service. The project's industry partner proofs its first successful implementation in their digital product passport web solution PASS-X.
T2 - AI MSE 2025
CY - Bochum, Germany
DA - 18.11.2025
KW - Authentication
KW - Unique identification
KW - Digital object identifier
KW - Additive Manufacturing
KW - Non-destructive testing
KW - Open Source Software
KW - Digital fingerprint
KW - X-ray Computed Tomography
KW - Open Science
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-65293
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -