TY - CONF A1 - Scheidemann, Robert A1 - Kasparek, Eva Maria A1 - Qiao, Linan A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Droste, Bernhard A1 - Völzke, Holger T1 - Dynamic penetration tests on shock absorbing damping concrete N2 - Mechanical loading conditions of transport and storage casks for radioactive materials in accidental scenarios are highly affected by the behavior of both: the impact limiters and the footing materials. To minimize potential damages during the handling of casks, a so called damping concrete is frequently used for the footings in interim nuclear facilities. It obtains its shock absorbing properties through admixing of polymer cells. For a comprehensive mechanical evaluation of casks, advanced material models are also needed for damping concrete. In order to characterize the mechanical properties and to develop numerical material models, penetration tests were carried out at different test facilities of BAM. The tests contain dynamic penetration tests on mortared specimens with a size of 2,400 x 2,400 x 500 mm³. For these model-sized penetration tests indenters with different geometries and diameters were used. Subsequently a cylindrical cast-iron indenter with a diameter of 1.100 mm was dropped of 5 m height on a realistic damping concrete footing. T2 - WM2014 Conference CY - Phoenix, Arizona, USA DA - 02.03.2014 KW - Drop test KW - Dynamic KW - Penetration KW - Damping concrete PY - 2014 SN - 978-0-9836186-3-8 SP - Paper 14166, 1 EP - 9 AN - OPUS4-31948 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Scheidemann, Robert A1 - Kasparek, Eva Maria A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Droste, Bernhard A1 - Völzke, Holger T1 - Model-sized and full-scale dynamic penetration tests on damping concrete N2 - Mechanical loading conditions of transport and storage casks for radioactive materials in accidental scenarios are highly affected by the behavior of both: the impact limiters and the footing materials. To minimize potential damages during the handling of casks, a so called damping concrete is frequently used for the footings in interim nuclear facilities. It obtains its shock absorbing properties through admixing of polymer cells. For a comprehensive mechanical evaluation of casks, advanced material models are also needed for damping concrete. In order to characterize the mechanical properties and to develop numerical material models, penetration tests were carried out at different test facilities of BAM. The tests contain static and dynamic penetration tests on cubic specimen with an edge length of 100 mm as well as mortared specimen with a size of 240 x 240 x 50 cm³. Indenters with different geometries and diameters were used for these model-sized penetration tests. Subsequently a full-scale cylindrical cast-iron indenter with a diameter of 110 cm was dropped of 5 m height on a realistic damping concrete footing. T2 - PATRAM 2013 - 17th International symposium on the packaging and transportation of radioactive materials CY - San Francisco, CA, USA DA - 18.08.2013 KW - Drop test KW - Dynamic KW - Penetration KW - Damping concrete PY - 2013 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Omnipress AN - OPUS4-30233 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Protz, Christian A1 - Zencker, Uwe A1 - Liebich, R. ED - Onate, E. ED - Oliver, J. ED - Huerta, A. T1 - Drop tests and dynamic finite element analyses of steel sheet containers for final disposal of radioactive waste N2 - Within a safety assessment, Containers for radioactive waste have to withstand drop tests at defined conditions. Alternatively to prototype drop tests, numerical methods can be applied, if they are suitable and sufficiently verified. This paper describes the development of a finite element (FE) model of a thin-walled Steel sheet Container used to investigate dynamic load scenarios due to impact events. Experimental and numerical analyses were performed for different drop Orientations. The results are compared to prove the suitability of the FE model. T2 - WCCM XI - 11th World congress on computational mechanics CY - Barcelona, Spain DA - 20.07.2014 KW - Explicit dynamic FEM KW - Impact KW - Drop test KW - Steel sheet container PY - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 12 AN - OPUS4-31137 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Werner, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Kammermeier, Michael A1 - Köppe, Tabea T1 - Multichannel measuring of strain and acceleration during high impact drop tests with a single cable system N2 - Multichannel measuring systems are used to measure strains and accelerations during drop tests of containments for dangerous goods. Conventional systems require cabling of each sensor and co-falling of the cable harness, causing problems in the test preparation and execution. Promising results of a single cable measuring system, consisting of measuring modules with data bus connection and local data acquisition were obtained in laboratory investigations and full-scale drop tests. T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme 2014 - 17. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung CY - Nürnberg, Germany DA - 03.06.2014 KW - Multichannel measuring KW - Single cable system KW - Drop test PY - 2014 SN - 978-3-8007-3622-5 SN - 0932-6022 N1 - Geburtsname von Köppe, Tabea: Wilk, T. - Birth name of Köppe, Tabea: Wilk, T. N1 - Serientitel: ITG-Fachbericht – Series title: ITG-Fachbericht VL - 250 SP - Article 66, 1 EP - 5 PB - VDE Verlag GmbH AN - OPUS4-30859 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Quercetti, Thomas A1 - Musolff, André A1 - Droste, Bernhard T1 - Quality assurance requirements for mechanical test campaigns of packagings N2 - A management system based on international, national or other standards acceptable to the competent authority shall be established and implemented for all activities including design, manufacture, testing, documentation, use, maintenance, inspection in accordance with IAEA SSR-6. Hereby, quality assured testing and documentation can substantially contribute to the demonstration of package design compliance with the regulations. Nowadays, a drop test campaign within the approval process of packages for radioactive materials can be a very complex and extensive project including various test and measurement techniques. On this basis of procedures and documents the experimental tests of packages and containers are performed with quality proofed results and a high reliability. A complete traceability and direct transferability of package design test results can give particular importance to the type approval procedure. T2 - PATRAM 2013 - 17th International symposium on the packaging and transportation of radioactive materials CY - San Francisco, CA, USA DA - 18.08.2013 KW - Quality assurance KW - Packaging KW - Drop test PY - 2013 SP - Paper 181, 1 EP - 7 PB - Omnipress AN - OPUS4-30493 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Musolff, André A1 - Quercetti, Thomas A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Impact Analysis of RAM Packages under Kinematic Aspects N2 - BAM is the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing and the competent authority for mechanical and thermal safety assessment of transport packages for spent fuel and high level waste. In context with safety assessment of RAM packages BAM performed numerous drop tests in the last decades. The tests were mostly accompanied by extensive and various measurement techniques especially by instrumented measurements with strain gages and accelerometers. The procedure of drop testing and the resulting measurement analysis are the main methods to evaluate the safety against mechanical test conditions. Measurement techniques are dedicated to answer questions in regard to the structural integrity of a RAM package, the mechanical behavior of the prototype as well as of its content under impact conditions. Test results like deceleration-time functions constitute a main basis for the validation of assumptions in the safety analysis and for the evaluation of numerical calculations. In this context the adequate selection of accelerometers and measurement systems for the performance of drop tests is important. Therefore it is not only necessary to find suitable positions for the accelerometers at the test specimens, but also to consider technical boundary conditions as e.g. temperature. T2 - PATRAM 2016 CY - Kobe, Japan DA - 18.09.2016 KW - RAM packages KW - Drop test KW - Impact KW - Radioactive PY - 2016 UR - http://www.patram2016.org/ SP - Paper 1030, 1 AN - OPUS4-38859 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Favre, A. A1 - Hilbert, F. A1 - Quercetti, Thomas A1 - Neumeyer, Tino A1 - Weingart, Barbara T1 - Prototype testing of a protective structural packaging for 30B cylinder N2 - Three drop test campaigns have been performed with DN 30 Protective Structural Packaging (PSP) developed by DAHER NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES GmbH for the transport of natural, enriched and reprocessed uranium hexafluoride (up to 5 wt%) in 30B cylinders. The mechanical prototype testing is intended to demonstrate that the package DN30 complies with regulatory requirements under normal and hypothetical accident conditions of transport (NCT, ACT) relevant to IF, AF and B(U)F packages, respectively. The paper includes the results of the latest test campaign carried out in 2015-2016 at the drop test facility of BAM, Germany with new full scale prototypes of the DN30 PSP and 30B cylinders. Repetition of drop test sequences became necessary after changing to Polyisocyanurate foam as shock absorbing material with variable foam densities. Furthermore, the mechanical behavior of the UF6 content of the 30B cylinder is now simulated by a mixture of cement and steel grid as modified surrogate material; instead of small steel balls. The behavior of this new content simulation is assumed to be more realistic with respect to the properties of real UF6. T2 - PATRAM 2016, 18th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials CY - Kobe, Japan DA - 18.09.2016 KW - Drop test KW - Packaging KW - Radioactive material KW - Uranium hexafluoride PY - 2016 SP - Paper 1018, 1 EP - 11 PB - INMM CY - Deerfield, Illinois, USA AN - OPUS4-37568 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Protz, Christian A1 - Zencker, Uwe A1 - Liebich, R. T1 - Explicit finite element analyses of drop tests with thin-walles steel sheet containers for the Konrad repository N2 - Alternatively to experimental drop tests, the mechanical safety analyses of containers for final disposal of radioactive waste with negligible heat generation in the German Konrad repository may be carried out by numerical simulations within the safety assessment procedure. In the past, safety assessments for thin-walled steel sheet containers have been done exclusively by prototype tests and unfavorable drop scenarios were determined by engineering judgment. So far, reliable numerical simulations do not exist. Therefore, a research project was started to develop numerical simulation approaches for drop test analyses and to determine existing safety margins. Comparisons of experimental and numerical results confirm that the Finite Element (FE) model represents the general mechanical behavior of the steel sheet container sufficiently. Simulations have been used to determine an unfavorable drop scenario resulting in large deformation and damage. This paper presents the investigations carried out as well as the further development of the FE model in terms of damage mechanics. T2 - ASME 2015 Pressure vessels & piping conference - PVP2015 CY - Boston, Massachusetts, USA DA - 19.07.2015 KW - Explicit dynamic FEM KW - Impact KW - Drop test KW - Steel sheet container KW - Ductile damage KW - Damage mechanics PY - 2015 SN - 978-0-7918-5702-1 SP - PVP2015-45522, 1-10 AN - OPUS4-33805 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Scheidemann, Robert A1 - Qiao, Linan A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Droste, Bernhard T1 - Determination of material parameters of damping concrete under dynamic loading N2 - The safety and integrity of casks for radioactive waste in accidental scenarios is analysed by BAM Federal institute tor Materials Research and Testing. An accidental scenario in German interim storage facilities is the drop from a crane during the handling operation. To reduce the mechanical loads to the cask a shock absorbing footing with high energy absorption capability is used in these areas. In order to analyse and evaluate such impact scenarios of casks, numerical simulations are performed. For a comprehensive simulation of an accidental scenario the behaviour of the damping concrete footing has to be taken into account as well and therefor a material model is needed. Material parameters under different loading conditions are the basis for a numerical model. For that reason a government funded research project (Kasparek, 2012) was conducted to characterise damping concrete under quasi-static as well as highly dynamic impact loading conditions. The performed tests include compression tests with and without lateral constraint small-scale and midscale penetration tests with different indenters, and finally a full-scale drop test onto a damping concrete footing. T2 - RAMTRANS 2015 - 10th International conference on radioactive materials transport and storage CY - Oxford, UK DA - 19.05.2015 KW - Drop test KW - Damping concrete KW - Material characterisation PY - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 9 AN - OPUS4-33492 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Qiao, Linan A1 - Zencker, Uwe A1 - Musolff, André A1 - Komann, Steffen T1 - Dynamic finite element analyses of a spent fuel transport and storage cask with impact limiters by 9 meter drop tests N2 - The 9 meter drop onto an unyielding target is one of the important mechanical tests within the safety assessment of transport casks for radioactive material. In general, the cask is equipped with impact limiters to reduce the dynamic load on the cask body by absorbing a major part of the kinetic energy. The impact limiters are often made of wood or aluminium. In this study an elastic-plastic material model with volume change was used to describe the stress-strain behaviour of wood found in crush tests. For aluminium, an elastic-incremental plastic material model with Cowper-Symonds parameters for strain rate depending material hardening was used to model the adiabatic stress-strain relations measured at specimens at constant ambient temperature. Hereafter simulations with a sophisticated finite element model were carried out and compared with different drop tests. Four drop tests of a half-scale cask model equipped with wood and aluminium impact limiters with different drop positions were selected to investigate the impact limiter behaviour during a 9 meter drop test. All drop tests were simulated with the same FE mesh but under different boundary and initial conditions. T2 - SIMULIA Customer conference CY - Barcelona, Spain DA - 17.05.2011 KW - Cask KW - Drop test KW - Impact limiter KW - Wood KW - Aluminium KW - Dynamics PY - 2011 SP - 932 EP - 944 AN - OPUS4-23706 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -