TY - CONF A1 - Hülagü, Deniz A1 - Hirahara, Kenta A1 - Fischer, Daniel A1 - Florian, Camilo A1 - Schusterbauer, Robert A1 - Ermilova, Elena A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Unterreiner, Andreas-Neil A1 - Bonse, Jörn A1 - Hertwig, Andreas T1 - Using imaging ellipsometry to understand femtosecond laser materials processing of group IV materials N2 - Laser materials processing is an important tool for creating and shaping new materials. Laser machining, especially with ultrashort pulses offers the modification of surfaces, thin coatings, and bulk materials with an unprecedented precision and control. The most desired feature of pulsed laser processing in the femtosecond range is that the heat-affected zone in the irradiated material will be extremely small. To better understand the mechanisms involved during laser irradiation, it is important to analyse the outcome of light-matter interaction with spectroscopic methods. Ellipsometry, especially spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry (SIE), has become an important tool for this in recent times, as it gives access to local layer thicknesses, materials dielectric functions, and features like changes in surface roughness. This work includes an overview over our recent studies examining near-infrared fs-laser surface processing of different group IV materials. The superficial phase change of silicon from crystalline to amorphous has been investigated in the past as the result of laser processing strongly depends on the crystal orientation. Moreover, SIE is capable of determining the properties of buried a-Si interfaces with micrometer lateral and sub-nanoneter vertical precision. Additionally, the growth of native and laser-induced oxides can be revealed. T2 - ICSE10 - 10th International Conference on Spectroscopic Ellipsometry CY - Boulder, CO, USA DA - 08.06.2025 KW - Laser surface ablation KW - Amorphous Carbon KW - Silicon KW - Correlative Imaging Ellipsometry PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63633 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leidigkeit, Carolin A1 - Shokr, Mohammad A1 - Tosson, Amir A1 - Cakir, Cafer Tufan A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Pietsch, Ullrich A1 - Christ, Hans-Jürgen T1 - Using Energy-Dispersive Laue Diffraction to Study Dislocation Arrangements in Materials Showing Wavy and Planar Slip Behavior N2 - The present work shows an approach to monitor the evolution of the dislocation arrangement of a metallic material caused by cyclic plastic strain using white X-ray radiation in combination with an energy-dispersive detector. The method is demonstrated by single-shot experiments performed on polycrystalline nickel and α-brass, representing the pure wavy and the pure planar dislocation slip behavior. To correlate the resulting diffraction patterns with various dislocation arrangements of both metals, fatigue tests were carried out up to certain numbers of cycles and at predetermined plastic strain amplitudes. The differences in dislocation microstructure and internal stress distributions give rise to an appreciable change in the peak shape of Laue reflections, leading to unique characteristics in the respective diffraction patterns. Nickel reflections are elongated due to the high amount of cell structures leading to bending and misorientation of the lattice, whereas the present stacking faults in α-brass result in powder-like diffraction. KW - Slip behavior KW - Energy-Dispersive KW - Laue Diffraction KW - Dislocation PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-637964 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14535 SN - 1460-2695 VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 1341 EP - 1351 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-63796 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oskoei, Párástu A1 - Afonso, Rúben A1 - Bastos, Verónica A1 - Nogueira, João A1 - Keller, Lisa-Marie A1 - Andresen, Elina A1 - Saleh, Maysoon I. A1 - Rühle, Bastian A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute A1 - Daniel-da-Silva, Ana L. A1 - Oliveira, Helena T1 - Upconversion Nanoparticles with Mesoporous Silica Coatings for Doxorubicin Targeted Delivery to Melanoma Cells N2 - Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin cancers and requires innovative therapeutic strategies to overcome the limitations of conventional therapies. In this work, upconversion nanoparticles coated with mesoporous silica and functionalized with folic acid (UCNP@mSiO2-FA) were developed as a targeted nanocarrier system for the delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). The UCNPs were synthesized via thermal decomposition, coated with mesoporous silica shells, and functionalized with folic acid (FA) to enable receptor-mediated targeting. DOX was then loaded into the mesoporous silica coating by adsorption, yielding UCNP@mSiO2-FA-DOX. The different UCNPs were characterized for size, composition, colloidal stability, and loading and release of DOX. This comprehensive physicochemical characterization confirmed a high DOX loading efficiency and a slightly increased drug release under acidic conditions, mimicking the tumour microenvironment. In vitro assays using four melanoma cell lines (A375, B16-F10, MNT-1, and SK-MEL-28) revealed an excellent biocompatibility of UCNP@mSiO2-FA and a significantly higher cytotoxicity of UCNP@mSiO2-FA-DOX compared to unloaded UCNPs, in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated G2/M phase arrest after treatment with UCNP@mSiO2-FA-DOX, confirming its antiproliferative effect. Overall, UCNP@mSiO2-FA-DOX represents a promising nanoplatform for targeted melanoma therapy, combining active tumour targeting and enhanced anticancer efficacy. KW - Fluorescence KW - Synthesis KW - Nano KW - Particle KW - Silica KW - Cell KW - Uptake KW - Drug KW - Characterization KW - DOX KW - Imaging KW - Toxicity KW - Release KW - pH PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-653596 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010074 SN - 1420-3049 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - MDPI AG AN - OPUS4-65359 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dittmann, Daniel A1 - Lucke, T. A1 - Ruhl, A. S. A1 - Winzenbacher, R. A1 - Jekel, M. A1 - Braun, Ulrike T1 - Untersuchungen zu biologischen, organischen und anorganischen Veränderungen granulierter Aktivkohlen während der Trinkwasseraufbereitung N2 - Untersuchungen zu biologischen, organischen und anorganischen Veränderungen granulierter Aktivkohlen während der Trinkwasseraufbereitung des Landeswasserversorgers Langenau. KW - Thermogravimetrie KW - Trinkwasser KW - Wasseraufbereitung KW - Aktivkohle PY - 2020 SN - 0083-6915 VL - 118 IS - 2 SP - 47 EP - 50 PB - Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA AN - OPUS4-51434 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Senges, Gene A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Lindič, Tilen A1 - Gully, Tyler A. A1 - Winter, Marlon A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Röder, Bettina A1 - Steinhauer, Simon A1 - Paulus, Beate A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Riedel, Sebastian T1 - Unravelling highly oxidized nickel centers in the anodic black film formed during the Simons process by in situ X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy N2 - The electrofluorination after Simons has been used for the last century to produce everyday life materials. An in situ XANES investigation of the controversially debated black film apparent in the Simons process revealed high-valent nickel centers. KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XANES PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-608366 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/d3sc06081k SN - 2041-6520 VL - 15 IS - 12 SP - 4504 EP - 4509 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) AN - OPUS4-60836 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard T1 - Trinamic TMCL IOC for exposing Trinamics motor controllers to EPICS CA N2 - Trinamic TMCL IOC is a Python package designed for controlling stepper motors connected to a Trinamic board using the TMCL language (all boards supported by PyTrinamic should now work, has been tested on the TMCM 6110 and the TMCM 6214). Since it is implementing the TMCL protocol, it should be easy to adapt to other Trinamic motor controller boards. This package assumes the motor controller is connected over a machine network via a network-to-serial converter, but the underlying PyTrinamic package allows for other connections too. This allows the control of attached motors via the EPICS Channel-Access virtual communications bus. If EPICS is not desired, plain Pythonic control via motion_control should also be possible. An example for this will be provided in the example.ipynb Jupyter notebook. This package leverages Caproto for EPICS IOCs and a modified PyTrinamic library for the motor board control, and interfaces between the two via an internal set of dataclasses. Configuration for the motors and boards are loaded from YAML files (see tests/testdata/example_config.yaml). The modifications to PyTrinamic involved extending their library with a socket interface. This was a minor modification that should eventually find its way into the official package (a pull request has been submitted). KW - Instrumentation KW - Motor controller KW - EPICS KW - Channel access KW - Instrument control KW - Laboratory automation PY - 2024 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792593 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-59624 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weidner, Steffen A1 - Meyer, A. A1 - Kricheldorf, H. T1 - Transformation of poly(L-lactide) crystals composed of linear chains into crystals composed of cycles N2 - A poly(L-lactide) with a trifluoroethyl ester end group and an average degree of polymerization (DP) of 50 was synthesized by ROP of L-lactide initiated with trifluoroethanol. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in combination with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements revealed an average crystal thickness of 13 nm, corresponding to 45 repeat units. This suggests that most crystallites were formed by extended PLA chains, and both flat surfaces were covered by CF3 groups. The crystalline PLAs were annealed at 140 or 160 °C in the presence of two catalysts: tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate, (SnOct2) or dibutyltin bis(pentafluorophenoxide) (BuSnPhF). The chemical reactions, such as polycondensation and cyclization, proceeded in the solid state and were monitored by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-offlight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements. Under optimal conditions a large fraction of linear chains was transformed into crystallites composed of extended cycles. Additionally, MALDI TOF MS analysis of GPC fractions from samples annealed for 28 or 42 days detected chain elongation of the linear species up to a factor of 20. KW - Polylactide KW - MALDI-TOF MS KW - Crystalinity KW - Transesterification PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-597250 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/D3PY01370G SN - 1759-9954 VL - 15 IS - 12 SP - 1173 EP - 1181 PB - Royal Society for Chemistry AN - OPUS4-59725 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fadda, Marta A1 - Sacco, Alessio A1 - Altmann, Korinna A1 - Ciornii, Dmitri A1 - Milczewski, Frank A1 - Bañares, Miguel A. A1 - Portela, Raquel A1 - Giovannozzi, Andrea Mario A1 - Rossi, Andrea Mario T1 - Tracking nanoplastics in drinking water: a new frontier with the combination of dielectrophoresis and Raman spectroscopy N2 - Detection of micro- (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in food and environmental matrices has been gaining relevance due to their potential toxicological effects on human health. While MPs have been detected in a wide range of complex matrices, suitable methods for the characterization and chemical identification of NPs are still lacking, primarily due to significant methodological challenges associated with their nano-specific physiochemical properties, including size distribution (1 nm – 1 µm), dynamic surface chemical changes, and carbon-based composition, which complicate their detection compared to engineered nanomaterials. To overcome the traditional limitations of spectroscopic techniques in terms of spatial resolution and sensitivity at the sub-micrometer level, a novel label-free methodology is presented for specifically identifying the chemical composition of NPs directly in suspension by combining Raman spectroscopy with dielectrophoresis (DEP). Using a custom-built device, small volumes of NPs are injected into a dielectrophoretic cell and locally trapped by DEP forces to fill the Raman confocal volume, facilitating their detection and identification, and providing high signal-to-noise ratio Raman spectra for more reliable analysis. This approach was successfully applied to both Milli-Q water and a commercial brand of drinking water, enabling the rapid identification of various types of NPs with different sizes and polymer compositions at concentrations as low as 20 µg/mL. These included certified reference polystyrene beads ranging from 800 to 60 nm in diameter, as well as polydisperse NPs, more representative of real samples in terms of size distribution and polymer type, such as polyethylene (450 nm), polypropylene (180 nm), and polyethylene terephthalate (100 nm). Moreover, the chemical fingerprint of each NPs was thoroughly investigated and compared with the corresponding bulk polymers, highlighting possible changes in the Raman bands due to surface oxidation or nanometer-scale effect. Therefore, this innovative method can be considered a valuable approach for addressing gaps in the detection and identification of NPs, as well as for monitoring their dynamic phisiochemical changes in real matrices. KW - Nanoplastics KW - Water contaminants KW - Raman microspectroscopy KW - Dielectrophoresis PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-633658 DO - https://doi.org/10.1186/s43591-025-00131-y SN - 2662-4966 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC AN - OPUS4-63365 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Tracking Lithium-Ion Battery Ageing via Lithium Isotope Fractionation N2 - Lithium-ion batteries power portable devices, electric vehicles, and stationary power grids, yet hidden aging reactions still shorten their service life and raise concerns about cost and safety. An analytical proxy is needed to report these reactions and accelerate product development, quality control, and recycling. Here, we demonstrate that subtle shifts in the natural 7Li/6Li ratio accurately record the two decisive stages of cell aging, solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and field-driven aging, which can be detected using multi-collector ICP-MS. Because Li is easily stripped from digested electrodes or electrolyte in a one-step cation-exchange column, high-purity solutions reach the spectrometer in minutes. A streamlined MC-ICP-MS run yields a δ7LiLSVEC precision of 0.4 ‰, enabling dozens of battery fractions to be analyzed per day. Applying the workflow to LiCoO2 coin cells as models, sampled from pristine to 700 cycles, reveals a clear isotopic narrative. During the first ≈45 cycles, 7Li leaves the LiCoO2 lattice, dissolves into the electrolyte, and is locked in the SEI on graphite, driving cathode δ7Li from +8 to –10 ‰ and raising the anode to +13 ‰ while capacity drops by 10 %. After the interphase matures, the electric field takes over: the lighter 6Li migrates faster to the anode, 7Li accumulates in the contracting Li1-xCoO2 lattice, and the bulk separation factor rises to α≈1.045 by 700 cycles. The δ7Li curve flattens roughly 70 cycles before capacity falls to 80%, providing an early warning of end-of-life. Isotopic gradients scale linearly with impedance growth, SEI thickness, and crack density confirmed by LA-ICP-MS mapping, FIB-SEM, XANES, and EXAFS. Although each data point requires one cell, lithium-isotope fractionation provides direct, element-specific, and structural fatigue insight unavailable from non-destructive tests. The straightforward chemistry and fast MC-ICP-MS routine make the approach practical for targeted aging studies, additive screening, and forensic autopsies, complementing high-throughput electrochemical methods and supporting the design of longer-lived batteries. T2 - SciX 2025 CY - Covington, KY, USA DA - 05.10.2025 KW - Isotope KW - Lithium KW - MC-ICP-MS KW - MICAP-MS KW - Isotope fractionation KW - Battery PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64879 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Trace element analysis with synchrotron radiation N2 - Trace elements are chemical elements whose concentration in a material is very low. The exact definition depends on the application and varies for example between 100 micrograms per gram in analytical chemistry and 1000 micrograms per gram in geology. The ability to detect trace elements fast and quantitatively is of great importance in many areas of science and technology. With its high brilliance and flexibility in the excitation conditions, synchrotron radiation is an ideal tool for detecting traces even in small sample quantities. In this contribution I will report about the use of X-ray fluorescence(XRF)for qualitative and quantitative element sensitiveanalysis. In addition to the fundamentals of XRF and its quantification methods, the advantages and problems of different geometries like e.g. microXRF, Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF)or Double Dispersive XRF (D²XRF) will be discussed. Practical examples from BAMline from the research fields of medicine, geology and archaeometry will complete the lecture. T2 - Denver X-Ray Conference CY - Online meeting DA - 03.08.2020 KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51890 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -