TY - CONF A1 - Blanchard, V. A1 - Traub, Heike A1 - Biskup, K. A1 - Wieczorek, M. A1 - Saatz, Jessica A1 - Pagel, K. T1 - Central project for biochemical analysis of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans and for element-specific microscopy N2 - Nearly all disease processes are associated with variations of components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that are typically observed during the development of inflammation. This concerns for example proteoglycans and their associated glycosaminoglycans (GAG), which have been shown to bind to cationic metal imaging probes due to their strong complexing activity. The complexing activity largely depends on the degree of GAG sulfation and/or carboxylation as well as on the GAG isomericity. In this central project, we investigate GAG structures from inflammatory disorders (namely cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory intestinal diseases and neuroinflammation) provided by researchers of the Collaborative Research Center at the molecular disaccharidic level using chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods. In parallel, the spatial localization and quantification of metal-based imaging probes are evaluated by LA-ICP-MS imaging. T2 - 1st International Symposium In vivo Visualization of Extracellular Matrix Pathology CY - Online Meeting DA - 27.05.2021 KW - Laser ablation KW - ICP-MS KW - MALDI PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52716 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Bühling, Benjamin A1 - Maack, Stefan T1 - Adaption of fluidic devices for SHM of hydrogen tanks N2 - Frequency analysis of the tank during every filling Passive actuator is integrated inside filling nozzle/ pressure vessel Frequency from 5 kHz to 150 kHz Frequency sweep (Chirp) can be performed Works with every fluid: air, hydrogen, oxygen, argon, water. T2 - H2Safety Kompetenzzentrum CY - BAM Berlin, Germany DA - 07.07.2021 KW - Fluidic device KW - Structural health monitoring KW - Hydrogen tank KW - Ultrasound PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52930 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jaeger, Carsten A1 - Ritter, D. A1 - Goeritzer, M. A1 - Thiele, A. A1 - Blumrich, A. A1 - Beyhoff, N. A1 - Luettges, K. A1 - Smeir, E. A1 - Kasch, J. A1 - Grune, J. A1 - Müller, O. A1 - Klopfleisch, R. A1 - Foryst-Ludwig, A. A1 - Kintscher, U. T1 - Liver X Receptor Agonist AZ876 Induces Beneficial Endogenous Cardiac Lipid Reprogramming and Protects Against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Damage N2 - Background - It is known that dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids may improve cardiac function. However, relatively high daily doses are required to achieve sufficient cardiac concentrations of beneficial omega‐3 fatty acids. The liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear hormone receptor and a crucial regulator of lipid homeostasis in mammals. LXR activation has been shown to endogenously reprogram cellular lipid profiles toward increased polyunsaturated fatty acids levels. Here we studied whether LXR lipid reprogramming occurs in cardiac tissue and exerts cardioprotective actions. Methods and Results - Male 129SV mice were treated with the LXR agonist AZ876 (20 µmol/kg per day) for 11 days. From day 6, the mice were injected with the nonselective β‐agonist isoproterenol for 4 consecutive days to induce diastolic dysfunction and subendocardial fibrosis while maintaining systolic function. Treatment with isoproterenol led to a marked impairment of global longitudinal strain and the E/e' ratio of transmitral flow to mitral annular velocity, which were both significantly improved by the LXR agonist. Histological examination showed a significant reduction in isoproterenol‐induced subendocardial fibrosis by AZ876. Analysis of the cardiac lipid composition by liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry revealed a significant increase in cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acids levels and a significant reduction in saturated fatty acids by AZ876. Conclusions - The present study provides evidence that the LXR agonist AZ876 prevents subendocardial damage, improves global longitudinal strain and E/e' in a mouse model of isoproterenol‐induced cardiac damage, accompanied by an upregulation of cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acids levels. Cardiac LXR activation and beneficial endogenous cardiac lipid reprogramming may provide a new therapeutic strategy in cardiac disease with diastolic dysfunction. KW - Heart failure KW - Lipids KW - Liver X receptor KW - Diastolic dysfunction KW - Nuclear receptor PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-529352 DO - https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.019473 VL - 10 IS - 14 SP - e019473 AN - OPUS4-52935 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bellon, Carsten A1 - Evsevleev, Sergei A1 - Plotzki, David T1 - AdvanCT Virtual CT N2 - Simulation becomes more and more important in modern CT imaging. It is increasingly used to optimize techniques for complex applications, and for educational purposes. Simulation can also be used for uncertainty estimation of dimensional CT measurements. The radiographic simulator aRTist is a modelling tool which simulates X-ray imaging using a hybrid analytical and Monte-Carlo method to efficiently model the radiation transport. In addition to the relevant physical effects such as absorption and scattering, simplified fast models are employed to describe the characteristics of the X-ray source and the detector. aRTist is well equipped to model realistic X-ray imaging setups due to the ability to load exported CAD object descriptions. By repetitive simulation runs aRTist can function as virtual CT device. A simple CT scan module is contained in aRTist which allows the simulation of standard (circular cone beam) scanning trajectories. AdvanCT is a module for aRTist which allows to set up more complex scanning trajectories by attaching geometrical modification functions to the objects in the radiographic scene. In this way, advanced scanning modes can be realized. In addition to deterministic motion, also random variations can be introduced. By combining random variations with deterministic motion, non-ideal (realistic) CT scan geometries can be simulated, e.g. focal spot drift and mechanical instability of the axis of rotation. The AdvanCT module conveniently allows to construct these scenarios in a graphical interface and provides a preview before starting the (potentially long running) batch job. Therefore, deviations from ideal CT scan trajectories can be easily adjusted which is a necessary step towards uncertainty determination from simulation. T2 - dXCT conference 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 17.05.2021 KW - X-ray Virtual Computer Tomography Simulation PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52953 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Friberg, I. A1 - Clark, A. H. A1 - Ho, P. A1 - Sadokhina, N. A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob A1 - Woo, J. A1 - Auray, X. A1 - Ferri, D. A1 - Nachtegaal, M. A1 - Krocher, O. A1 - Olsson, L. T1 - Structure and performance of zeolite supported Pd for complete methane oxidation N2 - The influence of zeolite support materials and their impact on CH4 oxidation activity was studied utilizing Pd supported on H-beta and H-SSZ-13. A correlation between CH4 oxidation activity, Si/Al ratio (SAR), the type of zeolite framework, reduction-oxidation behaviour, and Pd species present was found by combining catalytic activity measurements with a variety of characterization methods (operando XAS, NH3-TPD, SAXS, STEM and NaCl titration). Operando XAS analysis indicated that catalysts with high CH4 oxidation activity experienced rapid transitions between metallic- and oxidized-Pd states when switching between rich and lean conditions. This behaviour was exhibited by catalysts with dispersed Pd particles. By contrast, the formation of ion-exchanged Pd2+ and large Pd particles appeared to have a detrimental effect on the oxidation-reduction behaviour and the conversion of CH4. The formation of ion-exchanged Pd2+ and large Pd particles was limited by using a highly siliceous beta zeolite support with a low capacity for cation exchange. The same effect was also found using a small-pore SSZ-13 zeolite due to the lower mobility of Pd species. It was found that the zeolite support material should be carefully selected so that the well-dispersed Pd particles remain, and the formation of ion-exchanged Pd2+ is minimized. KW - SAXS KW - Zeolites KW - Methane Oxidation KW - XAS KW - Catalysis PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-529606 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2020.11.026 VL - 382 SP - 3 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-52960 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mirtsch, Mona A1 - Blind, K. A1 - Koch, Claudia A1 - Dudek, Gabriele T1 - Information security management in ICT and non-ICT sector companies: A preventive innovation perspective N2 - Despite the growing dependence of companies on information technology and the increasingly negative impact of security incidents worldwide, there is little research on the management of information security at the company level. This paper seeks to expand knowledge on the implementation of an information security management system based on the widely used international standard ISO/IEC 27001. We present motives, experienced impacts, and obstacles related to ISO/IEC 27001 implementation using data from a survey of 125 ISO/IEC 27001 certified companies in Germany. Since adoption rates vary between ICT and non-ICT sector companies, we highlight sector-related variations. We classify the adoption of this standard as a preventive organizational innovation and apply Structural Equation Modeling to unearth explanations for the comparatively low adoption of this management system standard among companies outside the ICT sector. We, therefore, derive recommendations for policymakers, standardization, and certification bodies to foster its diffusion. KW - Information Security KW - ISO/IEC 27001 KW - Management system standard KW - Certification KW - Information security management system (ISMS) KW - Preventive Innovation KW - Resource-based-view KW - Institutional theory PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-531037 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2021.102383 SN - 0167-4048 VL - 109 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-53103 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Magkos, Sotirios A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Bruno, Giovanni T1 - Suppression of Cone-Beam Artefacts with Direct Iterative Reconstruction Computed Tomography Trajectories (DIRECTT) N2 - The reconstruction of cone-beam computed tomography data using filtered back-projection algorithms unavoidably results in severe artefacts. We describe how the Direct Iterative Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories (DIRECTT) algorithm can be combined with a model of the artefacts for the reconstruction of such data. The implementation of DIRECTT results in reconstructed volumes of superior quality compared to the conventional algorithms. KW - DIRECTT KW - Iterative method KW - Signal processing KW - X-ray imaging KW - Computed tomography PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-531085 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7080147 SN - 2313-433X) VL - 7 IS - 8 SP - 147 - 1 EP - 147 -9 PB - MDPI CY - Basel, Switzerland AN - OPUS4-53108 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gornushkin, Igor B. A1 - Veiko, V. P. A1 - Karlagina, J. J. A1 - Polyakov, D. S. A1 - Samokhvalov, A. A. T1 - Reverse deposition of TI-oxides under nanosecond laser ablation of TI N2 - Processes of laser induced oxidation of metals are typically studied in the framework of heterogeneous chemical reactions occurring on the irradiated surface, which lead to the formation of dense oxide films deposited on it. Such technology has many applications like color-laser marking technology and laser recording on thin metal films for creation of diffractive optical elements . Under the conditions of strong laser ablation, another oxidation mechanism becomes possible: evaporated atoms react with oxygen in a surrounding atmosphere and the products of such reaction are redeposited back onto the substrate. The chemical and phase composition of such deposited layer, its density, morphology and structure depend on the conditions of laser ablation. By varying these conditions, the main properties of such coating can be controlled that is important for some potential application (for example in biomedicine). In our report we present the study of the processes of redeposition of oxides structure under the conditions of multipulse nanosecond laser ablation of titanium (Grade 2) in air atmosphere at normal conditions. Our experiments show that titanium-implants with such deposited oxide layer have increased biocompatibility. Modelling of chemical reaction in laser-induced plasma coupled with experimental methods of plasma optical emission spectroscopy allows us to determine the types of main chemical reactions in laser plasma as well as it influences on the plume dynamics and vapor condensation kinetics. As a result, we propose the general physical picture of reverse deposition of oxides structure under the condition of strong nanosecond laser ablation. The formation of the titanium oxide precipitate is explained not only by collisions in the plasma, but also by the chemical interaction of titanium and oxygen, which leads to the formation of а low pressure area near the substrate and additionally stimulates the reverse deposition of oxides. We expect, similar processes are valid not only for titanium but also for other metals and, possibly, semiconductors. T2 - 28th International Conference on Advanced Laser Technologies CY - Online meeting DA - 06.09.2021 KW - Laser ablation KW - Laser induced plasma deposition KW - Surface coating KW - Emission spectroscopy KW - Titanium dioxide KW - Hydrodynamic model KW - Plasma chemistry PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53245 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ermilova, Elena A1 - Hertwig, Andreas A1 - Beck, Uwe A1 - Schneider, S. A1 - Peters, S. T1 - Development of a standard series for ellipsometry N2 - Ellipsometry is a powerful tool, which allows the investigation of material properties over a broad spectral range. Over the course of several years, the ellipsometry lab at BAM has become an accredited testing lab according to ISO/IEC 17025 laying bare the need of better methods for accuracy and traceability. Despite its wide range of application in both research and development as well as industry, there have been no generally accepted standards dealing with model validation and measurement uncertainties. Based on the first German standard DIN 50989 – 1: 2018 Ellipsometry - Part 1: Principles (currently international standard ISO 23131: 2021) and under consideration of GUM [1] a series of standards for ellipsometry was developed. The entire 6-part series covers several model-based application cases. This standards series avoids having narrow and material specific application cases but instead classifies applications of ellipsometry according to the sample complexity. The concept of ellipsometric transfer quantities (Ψ and Δ or alternatively the elements of transfer matrices) is implemented in the series. For each application case a model-based validation strategy was developed. Thus, the standards are applicable to all materials, instruments and measuring principles. The uniform structure concept of the series facilitates its practical applicability for users. The standards include the model-based GUM-compliant determination/estimation of the measurement uncertainties. In addition, the appendices of the documents contain numerous measurement and simulation examples as well as recommendations for measuring practice. In this contribution we present the application cases and basic structure of the standards developed in collaboration with Accurion GmbH and SENTECH Instruments GmbH in the project SNELLIUS. T2 - 11th Workshop Ellipsometry (WSE 11) CY - Steyr, Austria DA - 06.09.2021 KW - Standardization of ellipsometry KW - DIN 50989 Parts 1 – 6 KW - ISO 23131: 2021 KW - Validation concepts of ellipsometric measurements KW - Uncertainty budgets KW - GUM-compliance PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53250 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martynec, T. A1 - Karapanagiotis, Christos A1 - Klapp, S. H. L. A1 - Kowarik, S. T1 - Machine learning predictions of surface migration barriers in nucleation and non-equilibrium growth N2 - Machine learning is playing an increasing role in the discovery of new materials and may also facilitate the search for optimum growth conditions for crystals and thin films. Here, we perform kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations of sub-monolayer growth. We consider a generic homoepitaxial growth scenario that covers a wide range of conditions with different diffusion barriers (0.4–0.55 eV) and lateral binding energies (0.1–0.4 eV). These simulations are used as a training data set for a convolutional neural network that can predict diffusion barriers and binding energies. Specifically, a single Monte-Carlo image of the morphology is sufficient to determine the energy barriers with an accuracy of approximately 10 meV and the neural network is tolerant to images with noise and lower than atomic-scale resolution. We believe this new machine learning method will be useful for fundamental studies of growth kinetics and growth optimization through better knowledge of microscopic parameters. KW - Machine learning KW - Surface migration barriers KW - Material engineering PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-532523 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-021-00188-1 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-021-00188-1 SN - 2662-4443 VL - 2 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer Nature CY - London AN - OPUS4-53252 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -