TY - GEN A1 - Le Xuan, Hoa T1 - Gezieltes Crosslinking von Immunglobulinen mit ortspezifischen Bindern T2 - Masterarbeit N2 - Die neue Crosslinking-Methode ist hilfreich, um Immunglobuline des Isotyps G ortspezifisch an ihrer Bindungsstelle mit Protein A oder G zu konjugieren. Die Kopplungen von Protein A und G konnten erfolgreich an Maus- und Human-IgG durchgeführt, sowie die Bedingungen untersucht und optimiert werden. Die Aktivierung von Protein G mit Glutaraldehyd erfolgt am besten bei pH 8 und die anschließende Kopplung mit Maus-IgG1 bei einem pH-Wert von 6. Jedoch wurden mit SIAB und Sulfo-SIAB als Crosslinker im Vergleich zu Glutaraldehyd noch höhere Signale erhalten. Für die Kopplung von SIAB sind 40% DMSO im Reaktionspuffer günstig, währenddessen Sulfo-SIAB gut wasserlöslich ist daher keine Lösungsvermittler benötigt. Es ergab sich ein optimaler pH-Wert von 7,4 um Protein A mit SIAB zu aktivieren und den gleichen pH-Wert um die Kopplung mit Maus-IgG1 durchzuführen. Für die Kopplung von Protein G mit Maus-IgG1 hingegen zeigten die Experimente, dass ein leicht saurer pH-Wert bei pH 6 für den IgG-Kopplungsschritt am günstigsten ist. Während die Inkubationszeit von Maus-IgG1 mit Protein G bei 16 h liegt, muss mit Protein A bis zu 40 h inkubiert werden, um das Kopplungsmaximum zu erreichen. Des Weiteren wurde das Crosslinking von Human-IgG (Herceptin) mit SIAB untersucht. Dabei zeigte sich, wie in der Abbildung 47 zu sehen ist, dass Protein A und G vergleichbar gut an Human-IgG zu koppeln sind. Für das Crosslinking von Protein G mit Maus-IgG1 ist dagegen ein deutlich besserer Umsatz im Vergleich zu Protein A zu erkennen (Abbildung 48). Heterobifunktionale Linker können mit der reaktiveren Gruppe die erste Bindung eingehen, um erst nach Zugabe eines weiteren Reagenzes die zweite Bindung auszubilden und zudem intramolekulare Reaktionen möglichst zu vermeiden. KW - Antikörper KW - Antibodies KW - Vernetzung KW - Immobilisierung KW - Immobilization KW - Herceptin KW - Human antibodies KW - Therapeutic antibodies KW - Diagnostic antibodies KW - Oriented immobilization PY - 2019 SP - 1 EP - 100 PB - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-54658 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tscheuschner, Georg T1 - Entwicklung einer Methode zur schnellen Identifikation von Antikörpern mittels MALDI-TOF-MS T2 - Masterarbeit N2 - Im Vergleich zu anderen Proteinen ist die Identifizierung von Antikörpern anhand ihrer Sequenz zum Beispiel mittels "peptide mass fingerprinting" schwierig. Da die Sequenzinformation eines Antikörpers aufgrund der hypersomatischen Mutation während der Affinitätsreifung nicht im Genom eines Organismus gespeichert ist, kann die Aminosäuresequenz nicht auf einfachem Weg der DNA-Sequenzierung gewonnen werden. Das ist nur in seltenen Fällen möglich, wenn dem Endanwender der Zellklon der Antikörper-produzierenden Zelle zugänglich ist. Eine Sequenzierung auf Protein-Ebene ist sehr aufwändig und teuer und wird daher fast nie für die Charakterisierung von analytischen Antikörpern verwendet. Der Mangel an Validierung dieser analytischen Antikörper, die bei Experimenten verwendeten werden, löst aber eine Reihe Probleme aus, die die Wiederholbarkeit dieser Experimente schwierig und in einigen Fällen unmöglich macht. Das sorgt jährlich für verschwendete Forschungsgelder in Milliardenhöhe und hindert den wissenschaftlichen Fortschritt. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Entwicklung einer einfachen und schnellen Methode, die es trotzdem ermöglicht, die Identifikation von Antikörpern sicherzustellen. Dazu wurde eine Methode basierend auf dem "peptide mass fingerprinting" gewählt. Das Problem der unbekannten Aminosäuresequenz der Antikörper wurde gelöst, indem lediglich die Peptidmuster der entstehenden Fingerprint-Spektren zur Identifikation herangezogen wurden. MALDI wurde dabei als Ionisationsmethode für die Massenspektrometrie gewählt, da die resultierenden Spektren im Gegensatz zu ESI-MS einfach auszuwerten sind. Auch kann auf eine vorige Trennung der Peptide mittels LC verzichtet werden, was zusätzlich Analysenzeit spart. Für die Proteinspaltung wurde eine simple saure Hydrolyse mittels Ameisensäure gewählt. Im Vergleich zum herkömmlichen Trypsin-Verdau konnten auf zeitraubende Arbeitsschritte wie Denaturierung, Reduktion und Alkylierung der Antikörper verzichtet werden. Die Hydrolyse mittels Ameisensäure wurde bisher nur auf kleine und mittelgroße Proteine angewendet, sodass im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit mehrere Schritte optimiert wurden bevor zufriedenstellende Fingerprint-Spektren von Antikörpern erhalten wurden. KW - Peptide KW - Fingerprint KW - Peptide mass fingerprinting KW - Massenspektrometrie KW - Saure Hydrolyse KW - Festphasenextraktion KW - Protein G KW - Ameisensäure KW - ABID KW - Korrelationsmatrix PY - 2019 SP - 1 EP - 116 PB - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-54626 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Girard, L. A1 - Tung, S. A1 - Woydt, Mathias A1 - Bachelder, D. ED - Totten, G. E. ED - Shah, J. S. ED - Forester, D. R. T1 - Automotive engine lubricants T2 - Fuels and lubricants handbook - Technology, properties, performance, and testing N2 - In 2003, ASTM Manual 37, Fuels and Lubricants Handbook: Technology, Properties, Performance and Testing, featured a chapter discussing automotive lubricants, including engine oils, automatic transmission fluids, manual transmission fluids, gear lubricants, and greases. This chapter, by Schwartz, Tung, and McMillan, surveyed all of these classes of lubricants, up to its publication in 2003. More recently, the period between 2003 and 2010 has been addressed as part of a book copublished by ASTM and SAE International (coeditors Simon Tung and George Totten), where Fox surveyed the development of engine oil specifications that emerged during those years. This chapter surveys the evolution of engine oil design and testing since 2002 and concludes with insights into future directions offered by recent tribological research. Our objective is to provide a reader new to the field with an understanding of the following: - Engine oil composition and formulation - North American engine oil specification development, and an outline of emergent European specifications - How emergent specifications and legislative requirements are linked to the introduction of new engine hardware - How tribological innovation can contribute to future enhancements in engine efficiency In parallel, we will provide several tables comparing groups of contemporaneous specifications. KW - Engine oil design KW - Engine oil testing PY - 2019 UR - https://www.astm.org/mnl3720160034.html SN - 978-0-8031-7089-6 SN - 978-0-8031-7090-2 DO - https://doi.org/10.1520/mnl3720160034 SP - 753 EP - 863 PB - ASTM International CY - West Conshohocken, PA ET - 2 AN - OPUS4-53977 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - THES A1 - Fritsch, Tobias T1 - A Multiscale Analysis of Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures N2 - Additive Manufacturing (AM) in terms of laser powder-bed fusion (L-PBF) offers new prospects regarding the design of parts and enables therefore the production of lattice structures. These lattice structures shall be implemented in various industrial applications (e.g. gas turbines) for reasons of material savings or cooling channels. However, internal defects, residual stress, and structural deviations from the nominal geometry are unavoidable. In this work, the structural integrity of lattice structures manufactured by means of L-PBF was non-destructively investigated on a multiscale approach. A workflow for quantitative 3D powder analysis in terms of particle size, particle shape, particle porosity, inter-particle distance and packing density was established. Synchrotron computed tomography (CT) was used to correlate the packing density with the particle size and particle shape. It was also observed that at least about 50% of the powder porosity was released during production of the struts. Struts are the component of lattice structures and were investigated by means of laboratory CT. The focus was on the influence of the build angle on part porosity and surface quality. The surface topography analysis was advanced by the quantitative characterisation of re-entrant surface features. This characterisation was compared with conventional surface parameters showing their complementary information, but also the need for AM specific surface parameters. The mechanical behaviour of the lattice structure was investigated with in-situ CT under compression and successive digital volume correlation (DVC). The Deformation was found to be knot-dominated, and therefore the lattice folds unit cell layer wise. The residual stress was determined experimentally for the first time in such lattice structures. Neutron diffraction was used for the non-destructive 3D stress investigation. The principal stress directions and values were determined in dependence of the number of measured directions. While a significant uni-axial stress state was found in the strut, a more hydrostatic stress state was found in the knot. In both cases, strut and knot, seven directions were at least needed to find reliable principal stress directions. KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Laser powder bed fusion KW - Residual stress KW - Surface roughness analysis KW - Computed tomography PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470418 DO - https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-47041 SP - 1 EP - 97 PB - Universitätsbibliothek Potsdam CY - Potsdam AN - OPUS4-53476 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schilling, Markus A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Böhning, Martin T1 - Umgebungsinduzierte Spannungsrissbildung (ESC) von PE-HD induziert durch äußerliche Einwirkung organischer Flüssigkeiten N2 - Polyethylen hoher Dichte (PE-HD) wird als Werkstoff für Rohre und Behälter für den Transport und zur Lagerung von Gefahrgütern verwendet. Für die Beurteilung und technische Freigabe dieser Materialien ist insbesondere das Verständnis des Schädigungsmechanismus des langsamen, umgebungsbedingten Spannungsrisses (engl.: „environmental stress cracking“, ESC) essentiell. ESC tritt bei relativ geringen auf einen Werkstoff einwirkenden mechanischen Spannungen auf. An lokalen Fehlstellen (z.B. Defekte, Inhomogenitäten, Kerben) beginnend wächst ein Riss langsam durch das Material und führt nach gewisser Zeit zu einem charakteristischen, pseudo-spröden Bruch. Dabei wird das Risswachstum durch äußere Medieneinwirkung zusätzlich entscheidend beeinflusst. Dieses langsame Risswachstum wird als Hauptursache für das plötzliche und unerwartete Versagen von Polymerwerkstoffen angesehen. Eine etablierte Prüfmethode zur Bewertung des Materialverhaltens gegenüber dieses Schädigungsmechanismus ist der Full-Notch Creep Test (FNCT), der für PE-HD Behältermaterialien üblicherweise unter Verwendung von wässrigen Netzmittellösungen (Arkopal N 100) durchgeführt wird. Die aus dem FNCT erhaltene Standzeit dient dabei als Bewertungskriterium für verschiedene PE-HD-Werkstoffe. In einer Studie wurden neben einer typischen Arkopal-N-100-Netzmittellösung praktisch relevante, organische Flüssigkeiten wie Biodiesel und Diesel als Testmedien verwendet, um deren Einfluss auf das ESC-Verhalten von PE-HD-Behältermaterialien zu charakterisieren. Neben der klassischen Standzeit-Auswertung erfolgte eine erweiterte Bruchflächenanalyse mittels Licht- (LM), Laserscanning- (LSM) und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM). Insbesondere die LSM erlaubt eine schnelle und einfache Unterscheidung pseudo-spröder und duktiler Bruchbilder, die zur Beurteilung der Repräsentativität des FNCT für das dem Spannungsriss zugrundeliegenden langsamen Risswachstum von Bedeutung ist. T2 - Polymer Service GmbH Merseburg - "Lebensdauerabschätzung von Polymerwerkstoffen - Möglichkeiten und Grenzen" CY - Merseburg, Germany DA - 27.03.2019 KW - Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) KW - Slow Crack Growth (SCG) KW - Spannungsriss KW - Polyethylen hoher Dichte KW - Full-Notch Creep Test (FNCT) KW - Bruchflächenanalyse KW - Laserscanningmikroskopie (LSM) PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-52947 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knorr, Annett A1 - Fayet, G. A1 - Rotureau, P. A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Predictive Methods for Determining the Thermal Decomposition Properties of Hazardous Substances JF - Chemical Engineering Transactions (CEt) N2 - Due to the fast development and availability of computers, predictive approaches are increasingly used in the evaluation process of hazardous substances complementary to experiments. Their use was recommended as alternative to experimental testing by the REACH regulation to complete the lack of knowledge on properties for existing substances that must be registered before 2018 (upon quantities). Among the proposed predictive approaches, Quantitative Structure Property Relationships (QSPR) are powerful methods to predict macroscopic properties from the only molecular structure of substances. In that context, the HAZPRED project (2015-2018, founded by the SAF€RA consortium) aims to develop theoretical models (e.g. QSPR) and small-scale tests to predict complex physico-chemical properties (e.g. thermal stability, explosivity) of hazardous substances to complete the lack of knowledge on these hazardous substances quickly or to understand their decomposition behaviour better. In particular, this contribution will present the work done in this project on the physical hazards of organic peroxides and self-reactive substances: gathering of existing experimental data, new experimental campaigns, review of existing models and proposition of new estimation methods. KW - QSPR KW - HAZPRED KW - Organic peroxides KW - Self-reactive substances PY - 2019 UR - https://www.aidic.it/ DO - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1977057 SN - 2283-9216 VL - 77 SP - 337 EP - 342 PB - AIDIC CY - Milano AN - OPUS4-51282 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schnieder, V. A1 - Gumenyuk, Andrey A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - Additive Fertigung von Nickel-Titan-Formgedächtnislegierungen aus den Elementpulvern mittels Laserpulverauftragschweißen T2 - DVS-Berichte N2 - Additive Fertigungsverfahren gewinnen aufgrund der schnellen, flexiblen und kosten-günstigen Fertigung von Bauteilen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Das Laserpulverauf-tragschweißen (LPA) wurde anfangs hauptsächlich als Beschichtungsverfahren ein-gesetzt. Diese Technologie bewerkstelligt aber auch das Reparieren von verschlisse-nen Bauteilen, sodass diese zeitsparend und ressourcenschonend erneuert werden können. Die hohe Aufbaurate, die flexible Pulverzusammensetzung sowie die hohe Endkonturnähe ermöglichen heutzutage die Entwicklung und additive Fertigung von neuen Materialien, wie zum Beispiel Nickel-Titan-Formgedächtnislegierungen. T2 - 39. Assistentenseminar CY - Eupen, Germany DA - 12.09.2018 KW - Laserpulverauftragschweißen PY - 2019 SN - 978-3-96144-070-2 SP - 27 EP - 33 PB - DVS Media GmbH AN - OPUS4-51316 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Javaheri, E. A1 - Pittner, Andreas A1 - Graf, B. A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - Instrumented indentation technique and its application for the determination of local material properties of welded steel structures T2 - DVS-Berichte N2 - The determination of mechanical properties of welded Steel structures such as strength or ductility is a subject of high interest for the majority of Companies in the area of metal Processing. The material Parameters can be obtained by performing the tensile test on the samples made from a part of a component. In some cases, it is highly expensive to produce the tensile specimens especially from the weld metal, which contains different type of microstructure such as weld seam or heat affected zone in an extremely small area. Therefore, a method is described in this paper to determine the material Parameters of high strength Steel structures and welded joints locally and without any additional effort to perform the tensile test. In this method, instrumented indentation technique (IIT), an indenter is pushed on the flat surface of a specimen in a certain period of time and simultaneously the applied force and the corresponding indentation path are measured. The data related to the force-indentation diagram is given as input to an artificial neural network (ANN) to obtain the material Parameters. The ANN can be trained by generating the large qualitative data sets with numerical Simulation of the IIT procedure. The Simulation must be run several times with the different material model parameter sets to generate the numerous force-indentation diagrams as the inputs of ANN. Then, the trained ANN is validated by performing the IIT on the welded joints and comparing the obtained material Parameters from ANN with the tensile test. Consequently, the mechanical properties of welded joints can be determined by performing the IIT and evaluating the resulting data by the ANN. T2 - 39. Assistentenseminar CY - Eupen, Germany DA - 12.09.2018 KW - Steel PY - 2019 SN - 978-396144-070-2 SP - 146 EP - 152 PB - DVS Media GmbH AN - OPUS4-51317 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaumann, P. A1 - Schürmann, K. A1 - Pittner, Andreas A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - Automatically Welded Tubular X-Joints for Jacket Substructures JF - Wiley Online Library N2 - To increase the competitiveness of jacket substructures compared to monopiles a changeover from an individual towards a serial jacket production based on automated manufactured tubular joints combined with standardized pipes has to be achieved. Therefore, this paper addresses fatigue tests of automatically welded tubular X-joints focusing on the location of the technical fatigue crack. The detected location of the technical crack is compared to numerical investigations predicting the most fatigue prone notch considering the structural stress approach as well as the notch stress approach. Besides, the welding process of the automated manufactured tubular X-joints is presented. KW - Tubular X-joints KW - Fatigue tests KW - Technical crack detection KW - Local fatigue spproaches PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-513228 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.1140 VL - 3 IS - 3-4 SP - 823 EP - 828 PB - Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-51322 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Balzer, R. A1 - Behrens, H. A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Fechtelkord, M. T1 - Structural investigation of hydrous phosphate glasses JF - Physics and Chemistry of Glasses: European Journal of Glass Science and Technology B N2 - Dissolved water has major impact on the physical and chemical properties of phosphate glasses. In the present study we have investigated the structural response to water incorporation for glasses in the system Li2O–MgO–Al2O3–P2O5. Glasses containing 0–8 wt% H2O were synthesised at 500 MPa confining pressure in internally heated gas pressure vessels at 1323 K (LMP, Al-poor glass) and 1423 K (LMAP, Al-enriched glass). Water contents of glasses were determined by pyrolysis and subsequent Karl-Fischer titration (KFT) and/or by infrared spectroscopy. Density varies nonlinearly with water content implying large structural changes when adding up to 2 wt% H2O to the dry glass. Glass Transition temperatures measured by differential thermal analysis (DTA) continuously decrease with water content. The trend can be explained by depolymerisation of the phosphate network. Near-infrared spectroscopy shows that even in Al poor glasses only a minority of dissolved water is present as H2O molecules, but the largest amount is present as OH Groups formed by hydrolysis of P–O–P bonds. The network is stabilised by aluminium which is predominantly six-coordinated in these glasses as shown by 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy. With increase of Al in the glasses, breaking up of the Phosphate network through hydrolysis is depressed, i.e. much lower OH Contents are formed at same total water content. Network depolymerisation upon addition of H2O is evident also from 31P MAS NMR spectroscopy. While Phosphate tetraheda are crosslinked by two to three bridging oxygen in dry glasses, diphosphate Groups are dominant in glasses containing 8 wt% H2O. T2 - 2. INT. CONF. ON PHOSPHATE GLASSES CY - Oxford, UK DA - 26.07.2017 KW - water speciation KW - phosphate glasses KW - infrared spectroscopy KW - NMR spectroscopy KW - high pressure PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.13036/17533562.60.2.041 SN - 1753-3562 VL - 60 IS - 2 SP - 49 EP - 61 PB - Society of Glass Technology CY - Sheffield AN - OPUS4-48122 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bonse, Jörn A1 - Kirner, Sabrina V. A1 - Wirth, Thomas A1 - Florian, Camilo A1 - Sturm, Heinz A1 - Spaltmann, Dirk A1 - Krüger, Jörg T1 - Chemical effects during the formation of femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures N2 - The processing of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS, ripples) on metals and semiconductors in ambient air is usually accompanied by superficial oxidation effects – a fact that is widely neglected in the current literature. In this contribution, chemical, structural, and mechanical alterations in the formation of femtosecond LIPSS are characterized by a variety of surface analytical techniques, including energy dispersive X-ray analyses (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), micro Raman spectroscopy (µ-RS), and depth-profiling Auger electron microscopy (AEM). Alternative routes of electrochemical and thermal oxidation allow to qualify the relevance of superficial oxidation effects on the tribological performance in oil lubricated reciprocating sliding tribological tests (RSTT). It is revealed that the fs-laser processing of near-wavelength sized LIPSS on metals leads to the formation of a few hundreds of nanometers thick graded oxide layers, consisting mainly of amorphous oxides. Regardless of reduced hardness and limited thickness, this nanostructured surface layer efficiently prevents a direct metal-to-metal contact in the RSTT and may also act as an anchor layer for specific wear-reducing additives contained in the used engine oil. T2 - EMRS Spring Meeting 2019, Symposium V “Laser interactions with materials: from fundamentals to applications" CY - Nice, France DA - 27.05.2019 KW - Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) KW - Femtosecond laser KW - Oxidation KW - Tribology PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48127 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - New insights in cocrystal formations: in situ investigations of mechanochemical syntheses N2 - Mechanochemistry is increasingly used for synthesizing soft matter materials including metal organic compounds and cocrystals. The ever-increasing interest in this method is contrasted by a limited mechanistic understanding of the mechanochemical reactivity and selectivity. Time-resolved in situ investigations of milling reactions provide direct insights in the underlying mechanisms. We introduced a setup enabling in situ investigation of mechanochemical reactions using synchrotron XRD combined with Raman spectroscopy. The specific combination allows to study milling processes comprehensively on the level of the molecular and crystalline structure and thus obtaining reliable data for mechanistic studies. We discuss our recent results investigating the formation of (polymorphic) cocrystals. First investigations of a mechanochemical synthesis under controlled temperature which allow determining the activation barrier are presented.6 Furthermore, X-ray diffraction and in situ Raman spectroscopy coupled with thermography revealed a low temperature increase during milling reactions due to the mechanical impact and clear temperature increases as a result of the reaction heat. Our results indicate that in situ investigation of milling reactions offer a new approach to tune and optimize mechanochemically synthesized compounds. T2 - CSEC Seminar University of Edinburgh CY - Edinburgh, Scotland DA - 16.05.2019 KW - Mechanochemistry KW - Acoustic levitation KW - In situ PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48098 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Charmi, Amir A1 - Falkenberg, Rainer A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit T1 - Virtual-lab-based determination of a macroscopic yield function for additively manufactured parts N2 - This work aims for a yield function description of additively manufactured parts of S316L steel at the continuum-mechanical macro-scale by means of so-called virtual experiments using a crystal plasticity (CP) model at meso-scale. Additively manufactured parts require the consideration of the specific process-related microstructure, which prevents this material to be macroscopically treated as isotropic, because of crystallographic as well as topological textures. From virtual experiments, yield loci under various loading conditions are simulated. The scale bridging from meso- to macro-scale is realised by the identification of the simulated yield loci as a modified anisotropic Barlat-type yield model representation. T2 - Workshop on Additive Manufacturing, BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 13.05.2019 KW - Virtual experiments KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Anisotropy KW - Crystal plasticity KW - Scale-bridging PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48064 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lohrer, Christian A1 - von Oertzen, Alexander T1 - Bericht aus den Foren der benannten Stellen – Pyrotechnik und Explosivstoffe N2 - Es werden Trends und Herausforderungen im Rahmen der Konformitätsbewertung von Pyrotechnik und Explosivstoffen vorgestellt. Des Weiteren werden aktuelle Themen mit Bezug zur Amrktaufsicht und Prüfung/Bewertung der Produktegruppen vorgestellt T2 - 14. Infoveranstaltung Sprengstoffe und Pyrotechnik CY - Berlin und Horstwalde, Germany DA - 16.05.2019 KW - Round-Robin-Tests KW - Explosivstoofe KW - Pyrotechnik KW - Benannte Stellen PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48070 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Cheng-Chieh A1 - Weisbrich, S. A1 - Neitzel, F. A1 - Kadoke, Daniel A1 - Fischer, Michael A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald ED - Pastramă, Ştefan Dan ED - Constantinescu, Dan Mihai T1 - A Small-Scale Test Bridge for Measurement and Model-based Structural Analysis JF - Materials Today: Proceedings N2 - The Measurement- and Model-based Structural Analysis (MeMoS) integrates a finite element model into least squares adjustment and thus allows to evaluate a mechanical model and measurements in a combined analysis. To examine the capability to detect and localise damage using this integrated analysis MeMoS, a small-scale truss bridge made of aluminium profiles is built as a test specimen for this purpose. T2 - 35th Danubia Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Sinaia, Romania DA - 25.09.2018 KW - Structural analysis KW - Damage detection and localisation KW - Finite element method KW - Photogrammetry KW - Adjustment calculation PY - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214785319304894 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.03.130 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 319 EP - 328 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-48053 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilrich, Cordula T1 - Einstufung von Gemischen ‒ Physikalische Gefahren N2 - Der Vortrag stellt die physikalischen Gefahrenklassen nach der CLP-Verordnung vor und geht auf mögliche Stratgeien bei der Einstufung ein. T2 - Veranstaltung "Gemische im Fokus: Herausforderungen durch Einstufung und Giftinformation meistern" des Helpdesks REACH-CLP-Biozid bei der BAuA CY - Dortmund, Germany DA - 20.05.2019 KW - Chemikalienrecht KW - UN-GHS KW - Einstufung KW - Gefährliche Stoffe KW - CLP-Verordnung KW - Physikalische Gefahren PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48059 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilrich, Cordula T1 - Brennbar oder explosiv? Strategien zur Einstufung physikalischer Gefahren N2 - Das Seminar gibt einen detaillierten Einblick in die physikalischen Gefahrenklassen nach der CLP-Verordnung und stellt Strategien bei der Einstufung vor. Möglichkeiten zum Waiving und Screening werden erläutert und Berechnungsmethoden für Gemische werden in kurzen Aufgaben für die Seminarteilnehmer durchexerziert. T2 - Veranstaltung "Gemische im Fokus: Herausforderungen durch Einstufung und Giftinformation meistern" des Helpdesks REACH-CLP-Biozid bei der BAuA CY - Dortmund, Germany DA - 20.05.2019 KW - Chemikalienrecht KW - UN-GHS KW - Einstufung KW - Gefährliche Stoffe KW - CLP-Verordnung KW - Physikalische Gefahren PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48060 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rolle, Annette A1 - Komann, Steffen A1 - Wille, Frank T1 - Special form radioactive material (SFRM)- kick off discussion for harmonisation of approval procedure and certificate N2 - Exchange of experiences in SFRM approval procedure, Possibilities for harmonisation. Support for preparation of proposal for the next IAEA SSR-6/ SSG-26 revision process concerning. Special Form Radioactive Material (SFRM)-working life. T2 - European Association of Competent Authorities for safe Transport of Radioactive Material, Meeting 15 CY - Athen, Greece DA - 15.05. 2019 KW - Ageing behaviour KW - Radioactive sources KW - Approval PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48061 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nguyen, V. Q. A1 - Baynosa, M. L. A1 - Nguyen, V. H. A1 - Tuma, Dirk A1 - Lee, Y. R. A1 - Shim, J.-J. T1 - Solvent-driven morphology-controlled synthesis of highly efficient long-life ZnO/graphene nanocomposite photocatalysts for the practical degradation of organic wastewater under solar light JF - Applied Surface Science N2 - Metal oxide/graphene photocatalysts have been attracting considerable attention in solving environmental pollution problems because of the limitations of the semiconductor-based photocatalysts. In this study, highly efficient and inexpensive zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with three different morphologies, such as nanospheres, nanodisks, and nanorods, anchored on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were synthesized in solvent mixtures with different ethanol to water ratios. Among the three morphologies, the nanospherical ZnO/RGO (sZG) Composite exhibited the highest methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B removal efficiencies at 99% and 98%, respectively, after only 60 min under low-power (40 W) ultraviolet irradiation at a low catalyst loading of 0.1 g L−1. This nanocomposite also showed excellent photocatalytic stability under UV irradiation, retaining 96% Efficiency even after 15 cycles of MB degradation. Moreover, the sZG composite exhibited a high MB degradation Efficiency of approximately 99% after 100 min at a low catalyst loading of 0.2 g L−1 under solar light illumination. The excellent photocatalytic performance and high stability of this low-cost nanospherical ZnO/RGO Composite exemplarily highlights the potential of sustainable next-generation photocatalysis for treating wastewater containing organic pollutants. KW - Nanocomposite KW - Photocatalyst KW - Dye degradation PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.03.262 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 486 SP - 37 EP - 51 PB - Elsevier B. V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-48081 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Thomas, Maximilian A1 - Kromm, Arne A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas A1 - Weidemann, Jens A1 - Vollert, Florian A1 - Gibmeier, Jens T1 - Analyse des Heißrissverhaltens beim Schweißen neuartiger LTT-Zusatzwerkstoffe N2 - Solidification cracking of metals is a well-researched topic in the field of welding science. A material’s susceptibility to solidification cracking can be tested using numerous different specialized test procedures, one of which is the Modified Varestraint-/Transvarestraint test (MVT). It was developed at BAM in 1982 and is internationally standardised. Over the decades, this test has been extensively used to characterise the solidification cracking resistance of many different materials. The present study was conducted to further investigate the influences of the standardised MVT testing parameters, as well as the characteristics of evaluation methods on the results. Several different high alloyed martensitic LTT (low transformation temperature) filler materials, CrNi and CrMn type, were used. In previous pilot studies, these alloys have shown a rather distinctive solidification cracking behaviour (Fig. 1). During testing, energy input per unit length and bending speed were varied (especially the latter is usually kept at standard values), in addition to the most commonly altered factor - total deformation. First, the effects of different process parameter sets on the solidification cracking response were measured using the standard approach - microscopic analysis of the specimen surface. It was found that not all parameter changes had the expected outcome. For the Cr8Ni6 and Cr11Mn5 filler materials, influences of energy input per unit length and welding speed were in direct opposition. In order to investigate those apparent contradictions, µCT scans of MVT specimens were made. The results consistently show sub surface cracking, to significant, yet varying extents. Different primary solidification types were found using WDX-analysis, an aspect that is believed to be the main difference between the CrNi- and CrMn-type materials and their cracking characteristics. Results show that when it comes to testing of modern high-performance alloys, one set of standard MVT testing parameters might not be equally suitable for all materials. Also, to properly accommodate different solidification types, sub-surface cracking has to be taken into account. T2 - Votragsreihe MDDK an der OvGU Magdeburg CY - Magdeburg, Germany DA - 05.06.2019 KW - Schweißen KW - Heißrisse KW - LTT PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48177 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -