TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - What does GD-OES reveal about the aging and manufacturing processes of lithium-ion batteries? N2 - Glow-Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GD-OES), a powerful analytical technique, sheds light on the two critical aspects of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs): manufacturing and aging 1, 2. We optimized cell production in manufacturing by adjusting parameters, including cathode doping, electrolyte concentration, and pressing force. GD-OES provided in-depth elemental composition and homogeneity analysis, which is crucial for identifying optimal manufacturing conditions. These findings were validated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, confirming the quality of the manufactured batteries. Shifting the focus to aging, we use GD-OES for fluorine depth profiling, a key element in understanding polymer and electrolyte degradation. However, fluorine presents analytical challenges. We addressed this by substituting argon with a neon:argon mixture, which significantly enhanced fluorine detection sensitivity. This advancement not only improves accuracy but also holds the potential to guide sustainable and cost-efficient manufacturing strategies. Through its versatility, GD-OES has proven to be a powerful tool for not only optimizing LIB manufacturing processes but also gaining deeper insights into their aging mechanisms. This research extends beyond academic interest, offering tangible benefits for the industry by translating into improved battery quality, extended lifespan, and overall performance. T2 - The 6th International Glow Discharge Spectroscopy Symposium CY - Liverpool, United Kingdom DA - 21.04.2024 KW - GD-OES KW - Depth profiles KW - Lithium KW - Battery KW - Fluorine KW - Aging KW - Manufacturing KW - Glow-discharge PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-59945 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Improvement of manufacturing processes of Li-ion batteries by Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy N2 - Manufacturing lithium-ion coin cells (LIBs) for scientific research demands reproducibility, precision, and thorough metrology to ensure consistent quality and performance. Glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES) emerges as a crucial analytical technique in this context, providing detailed insights into elemental composition and material homogeneity [1,2]. This study focuses on using GD-OES to optimize and standardize the manufacturing processes of LIBs, emphasizing metrology and traceability to develop reproducible and high-quality batteries for research purposes. We refined cell production by adjusting key parameters such as cathode doping, electrolyte concentration, and calendar pressing. GD-OES facilitated depth analysis of elemental composition and distribution, which is essential for identifying and maintaining optimal manufacturing conditions. Validation was achieved through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), ensuring the quality and consistency of the manufactured batteries. GD-OES analysis revealed critical insights into elemental uniformity and impurities, guiding adjustments significantly improving cell performance and reproducibility. The method proved fast and effective in detecting and correcting variations in the manufacturing process, leading to enhanced battery quality. To understand the aging mechanisms, GD-OES was employed for fluorine depth profiling, which is crucial for studying polymer and electrolyte degradation. We significantly enhanced fluorine detection sensitivity by substituting the argon plasma with a neon/argon mixture, providing a more accurate aging analysis. By demonstrating the versatility and efficacy of GD-OES in optimizing LIB manufacturing processes and gaining deeper insights into aging mechanisms, this research has significant practical implications. It not only advances lab research but also offers tangible industrial benefits, including improved battery quality, extended lifespan, and enhanced performance. By ensuring metrology and traceability, GD-OES contributes to developing a robust method for the reproducible manufacturing of Li-ion coin cells, boosting innovation and sustainability in battery technology. T2 - SciX 2025 CY - Covington, KY, USA DA - 05.10.2025 KW - GD-OES KW - Battery analysis KW - Depth profile KW - Lithium-ion battery PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64878 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique T1 - Tracking Lithium-Ion Battery Ageing via Lithium Isotope Fractionation N2 - Lithium-ion batteries power portable devices, electric vehicles, and stationary power grids, yet hidden aging reactions still shorten their service life and raise concerns about cost and safety. An analytical proxy is needed to report these reactions and accelerate product development, quality control, and recycling. Here, we demonstrate that subtle shifts in the natural 7Li/6Li ratio accurately record the two decisive stages of cell aging, solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and field-driven aging, which can be detected using multi-collector ICP-MS. Because Li is easily stripped from digested electrodes or electrolyte in a one-step cation-exchange column, high-purity solutions reach the spectrometer in minutes. A streamlined MC-ICP-MS run yields a δ7LiLSVEC precision of 0.4 ‰, enabling dozens of battery fractions to be analyzed per day. Applying the workflow to LiCoO2 coin cells as models, sampled from pristine to 700 cycles, reveals a clear isotopic narrative. During the first ≈45 cycles, 7Li leaves the LiCoO2 lattice, dissolves into the electrolyte, and is locked in the SEI on graphite, driving cathode δ7Li from +8 to –10 ‰ and raising the anode to +13 ‰ while capacity drops by 10 %. After the interphase matures, the electric field takes over: the lighter 6Li migrates faster to the anode, 7Li accumulates in the contracting Li1-xCoO2 lattice, and the bulk separation factor rises to α≈1.045 by 700 cycles. The δ7Li curve flattens roughly 70 cycles before capacity falls to 80%, providing an early warning of end-of-life. Isotopic gradients scale linearly with impedance growth, SEI thickness, and crack density confirmed by LA-ICP-MS mapping, FIB-SEM, XANES, and EXAFS. Although each data point requires one cell, lithium-isotope fractionation provides direct, element-specific, and structural fatigue insight unavailable from non-destructive tests. The straightforward chemistry and fast MC-ICP-MS routine make the approach practical for targeted aging studies, additive screening, and forensic autopsies, complementing high-throughput electrochemical methods and supporting the design of longer-lived batteries. T2 - SciX 2025 CY - Covington, KY, USA DA - 05.10.2025 KW - Isotope KW - Lithium KW - MC-ICP-MS KW - MICAP-MS KW - Isotope fractionation KW - Battery PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64879 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR ED - Imbert, E. ED - Ladu, Luana T1 - Special issue "Metrics for sustainable chemistry" N2 - This special issue addresses the current need to enhance the conceptual and empirical implementation of sustainability assessment methodologies and related metrics within the GSC (Green and Sustainable Chemistry), collecting 7 papers. KW - Green and sustainable chemistry (GSC) KW - Special issue KW - Sustainability assessment methodologies PY - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/current-opinion-in-green-and-sustainable-chemistry/special-issue/103FS5FCQ68 SN - 2452-2236 SP - 100160 EP - 100844 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-60022 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT ED - Koch, Claudia T1 - Eignung des Rechtsrahmens für eine digitalisierte Qualitätsinfrastruktur - Rechtswissenschaftliche Studie im Rahmen der Initiative QI-Digital N2 - Vor dem Hintergrund zunehmender Digitalisierung der Wirtschaft und weiterer Lebensbereiche ergeben sich große Potentiale für neue digitale Lösungen in der Qualitätsinfrastruktur (QI), sowohl auf technischer als auch prozessualer Ebene zwischen Akteuren. Diese betreffen Unternehmen (Hersteller/Inverkehrbringer/Betreiber) genauso wie Behörden/öffentliche Verwaltung (Genehmiger, Marktüberwacher, u.a.), privatwirtschaftliche Konformitätsbewerter und andere Stakeholder. Der bestehende Rechtsrahmen - von europäischen Richtlinien im Rahmen des New Legislative Frameworks, über bundesdeutsche Gesetzgebung, technische Regeln bis hin zu kommunalen Verordnungen – kann dabei jedoch mitunter so gestaltet sein, dass dieser die Einführung und Nutzung neuer, digitaler Lösungen behindert. Dies kann diverse Anwendungsbereiche betreffen – von Produktsicherheit, über Umwelt- und Verbraucherschutz, hin zu Handelsrecht. Die Studie untersucht systematisch die Eignung des bestehenden Rechtsrahmens für eine digitalisierte QI, insbesondere mit Hinblick auf mögliche Hürden und Anpassungsbedarfen. Zudem wird die Anwendbarkeit von Reallaboren als Testräumen für Innovation und Regulierung auf Fragestellungen der digitalen QI untersucht. KW - Qualitätsinfrastruktur KW - Qualitätssicherung KW - Digitalisierung KW - Digitale Transformation KW - New Legislative Framework KW - Rechtsetzung KW - Rechtsrahmen KW - Reallabor PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-632444 DO - https://doi.org/10.26272/opus4-63244 N1 - Ein Projekt im Rahmen der Initiative QI-Digital, gefördert vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (www.qi-digital.de). SP - 1 EP - 143 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-63244 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT ED - Koch, Claudia ED - Kuch, S. ED - Blöth, A. T1 - Digitale Qualitätsinfrastruktur in Prüf- und Kalibrierlaboren - Vom Trend zum Tagesgeschäft - Ergebnisbericht zum Dialogprozess N2 - Wie kann die Laborwelt als Teil der Qualitätsinfrastruktur (QI) in Deutschland erfolgreich und nachhaltig digitalisiert werden? Was bedeutet das für einen wichtigen Teil dieser Architektur, der Konformitätsbewertung in Prüf- und Kalibrierlaboren? Wo liegen dort die Steine und Hürden auf dem Weg in den digitalen Laboralltag? Und vor allem: Was braucht es, damit die Branche ihre Arbeitsabläufe, Werkzeuge und Prozesse transformieren und die nächsten Schritte in Richtung Ende-zu-Ende digitalisierter Prozesse bis hin zu neuen Geschäftsmodellen gehen kann? Das sind die Leitfragen, zu denen sich über 100 Vertreter:innen aus unterschiedlichen Bereichen der QI- und Labor-Community mit Expert:innen aus den Reihen der Initiative QI-Digital in vier digitalen Praxiswerkstätten austauschten. Der Ergebnisbericht fasst die zentralen Erkenntnisse über Zielbilder, Bedarfe und Anforderungen aus der Praxiswelt zusammen und beinhaltet ein Set an Handlungsempfehlungen zu Maßnahmen, die die digitale Transformation der QI und der Labore vorantreiben können. KW - Qualitätsinfrastruktur KW - Laboratorien KW - Digitalisierung KW - Prüflabor KW - Kalibrierlabor KW - Konformitätsbewertung PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-612645 DO - https://doi.org/10.26272/opus4-61264 SP - 1 EP - 64 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-61264 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -