TY - CONF A1 - Mishurova, Tatiana T1 - Failure Mechanisms Investigation by Means of in-situ Synchrotron Computed Tomography in Aluminum MMC-based Alloy Tailored for Additive Manufacturing N2 - Synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (SXCT) at BAMline has been paired with in-situ tensile loading to monitor damage evolution in LPBF Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) 7017 Aluminium alloy + 3 wt% Zr + 0.5 wt% TiC. The processing of the material leads formation to different categories of Zr-rich inclusions, precipitates and defects. In-situ SXCT test disclosed the critical role of the pre-cracks in the reinforcement phases in the failure mechanisms of LPBF MMC. The damage was initiated from lack-of-fusion defects and cracks propagated through coalescence with other defects. T2 - HZB Uer Meeting 2023 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 22.06.23 KW - Additive manufacturing KW - BAMline KW - Synchrotron X-ray computed tomography KW - in-situ PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57801 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schade, U. T1 - Etalon effects in THz film measurements N2 - Etalon features in transmittance spectra of films arise due to the coherent superposition of waves caused by reflections multiple times at the inner film boundaries. The fringe maxima occur at i𝜆 = 2nd cos 𝜑 with i - being an integer, 𝜆 - the wavelength, d - the film thickness, 𝜑 - the angle of incidence in respect to the film normal and n - the refractive index of the film. It is obvious that such features can hinder the interpretation of absorption bands when fringe amplitude and period are in the same range as the expected bands. This poster discusses the suitability of two optical methods for the THz spectral range applied to Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. T2 - 2020 45th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY - Buffalo, NY, USA DA - 08.11.2020 KW - THz radiation KW - Total transmittance reflection technique PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-56945 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Binder, F. T1 - Ein praxisnaher Leitfaden für computertomografische Untersuchungen mit der radiografischen Simulationsumgebung aRTist N2 - Radiografische Simulationswerkzeuge wie aRTist, ScorpiusXLab, SimCT oder CIVA CT verwenden analytische Methoden und physikalische Monte-Carlo-Teilchentransportsimulationen, um die Interaktionsprozesse zwischen Röntgenstrahlung und Materie zu simulieren. Die berechneten Projektionen bilden anschließend unter Berücksichtigung einer definierten Scan-Trajektorie die Basis der Simulation einer röntgencomputertomografischen Untersuchung. Radiografische Simulationswerkzeuge befinden sich in einem stetigen Wandel, beispielsweise durch die Entwicklung neuer Rekonstruktionsmethoden, durch Erweiterung von analytischen Modellen, durch Integration komplexer Trajektorien oder durch Berücksichtigung von prozessbedingten geometrischen Abweichungen. Im laufenden EMPIR-Projekt „AdvanCT“ entsteht deshalb ein „Good Practice Guide“ für die Simulationsumgebung aRTist. Ziel dieses Guides ist es, die mit steigender Komplexität verbundenen Einstiegshürden für Anwender von aRTist zu reduzieren, um damit einen praxisnahen Zugang zur virtuellen Computertomografie zu ermöglichen. Dabei werden anhand von praktisch nachvollziehbaren Beispielen die grundlegenden Mechanismen der Simulationsumgebung erklärt und ein strukturierter Leitfaden zur Simulation röntgencomputertomografischer Untersuchungen mit aRTist vermittelt. In diesem Beitrag werden erste Auszüge des Guides sowie eine Übersicht der weiteren geplanten Themen für die anschließende Diskussion vorgestellt. T2 - DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 10.05.2021 KW - Computertomographie Simulation PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54030 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bellon, Carsten T1 - Virtual CT with aRTist N2 - The software aRTist is a simulation tool for the generation of realistic radiographs of virtual radiographic superstructures. With radiographic simulations, virtual component models can be scanned as in a computer tomograph. Industrial X-ray computed tomography (CT) enables the non-destructive detection of internal and external surfaces as well as inhomogeneities of technical objects. Virtual CT offers new possibilities for the investigation of parameter influences of this complex testing and measuring technique. In addition to the option of switching physical effects on and off, scanning movements can also be tested before their technical realization. The virtual CT generates projection images from different directions for the subsequent reconstruction of a volume model of the examined object. The reconstruction of the simulated scans is carried out with the algorithms and programs for real scans. Tomographic scans consist of a large number of projections, which practically cannot be generated individually by the user of a simulation. The software offers various options for the automated simulation of tomographic scans. These range from standard CT to scans on free trajectories or with individual projection matrices. T2 - 12th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography (iCT) 2023 CY - Fürth, Germany DA - 27.02.2023 KW - X-ray computed tomography KW - Simulation PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58919 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bellon, Carsten T1 - CTSimU — Durchstrahlungssimulation für die Messunsicherheitsbestimmung beim Messen geometrischer Merkmale mittels Röntgen- Computertomographie N2 - Die industrielle Röntgen-Computertomographie (CT) ist in der geometrischen Messtechnik die einzige Technologie, die sowohl innen- als auch außenliegende Merkmale eines Werkstücks mit einer Messung zerstörungsfrei messen kann. Die Güte der Messung kann mittels einer dem Messwert beigeordneten Messunsicherheit angegeben werden. Allerdings sind zur Ermittlung der Messunsicherheit für eine Messgröße einer CT-Messung nach Stand der Technik (VDI/VDE 2630 Blatt 2.1) zwanzig Wiederholmessungen an kalibrierten Werkstücken notwendig. Da die Messung mit realen CT-Messgeräten zeit- und kostenintensiv ist, wird analog zur taktilen Koordinatenmesstechnik eine numerische Messunsicherheitsbestimmung durch Simulation angestrebt (vgl. VDI/VDE 2617 Blatt 7, GUM Supplement 1). Die Simulation bietet den Vorteil, dass sie sowohl zeitsparend als auch kosten- und ressourceneffizient ist. Allerdings ist die Zuverlässigkeit der verschiedenen Simulationsumgebungen momentan nicht quantifizierbar. Für eine glaubwürdige Anwendung von Simulationsumgebungen für die Messunsicherheitsbestimmung benötigen Anwender eine Beurteilung derselben – auch um eine Norm- bzw. Richtliniensicherheit in der Praxis sicherzustellen. Das Ziel dieses Projekts ist es daher, einen Richtlinienentwurf VDI/VDE 2630 Blatt 2.2 „Basisqualifizierung von Softwaresystemen für die Simulation geometrischer Messungen mit Röntgen-Computertomografie“ zu erstellen. Auf dieser Basis soll es möglich sein, die Eignung von Simulationsumgebungen zur Ermittlung der aufgabenspezifischen Messunsicherheit zu bewerten. Dazu wird ein Testframework entwickelt, mit welchem Durchstrahlungssimulationssoftwares basisqualifiziert werden können. Das Projekt wird in der Förderrichtlinie WIPANO durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie gefördert. T2 - DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 10.05.2021 KW - Computertomographie Simulation PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52753 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - von Rüden, H. T1 - Röntgen-Computertomographie (CT) für die Kulturguterhaltung N2 - Als bildgebendes und zerstörungsfreies Verfahren eignet sich die Röntgen-Computertomographie (CT) insbesondere bei der Untersuchung von Kunst- und Kulturgütern. Die für Werkstoffprüfung und Materialanalyse konzipierten CT-Anlagen bieten dank hoher Röntgenleistung die Möglichkeit zusätzlich zu Holz, Keramiken und Kunststoffen auch stark schwächende Materialien, wie bspw. Metalle, zu durchdringen. Für eine hohe räumliche Auflösung im unteren Mikrometerbereich (2-200µm) sorgen entsprechend ausgelegte CT-Anlagen. In der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) stehen mehrere solcher CT-Anlagen für unterschiedliche Fragestellungen sowie Probengrößen und - materialien zur Verfügung. Einige Beispiele aus den vergangenen Arbeiten der BAM veranschaulichen das große Potential dieser Untersuchungsmethode. Da bei einer CT-Messung in der Regel das gesamte Untersuchungsobjekt erfasst und in ein digitales Volumenmodell überführt wird, eröffnet sich für Archäologen und Restoratoren die Möglichkeit Untersuchungen hinsichtlich Materialzusammensetzung, Erhaltungszustand und Herstellungstechnik am virtuellen Objekt vorzunehmen, ohne die Originalsubstanz zu beeinträchtigen. Gegenüber der klassischen Radiografie, bei der nur eine zweidimensionale Abbildung erreicht wird, bietet die CT-Untersuchung die Möglichkeit innenliegende Strukturen dreidimensional zu erfassen. Die notwendige Bestimmung der Objektoberfläche erlaubt zudem die Erstellung eines Oberflächenmodells des untersuchten Gegenstandes. Damit lassen sich unter anderem mechanische Simulationen (Belastung, Durchbiegung, Durchströmung) durchführen. Der erzeugte Datensatz kann somit auch zur Herstellung eines Replikats im 3D-Druckverfahren genutzt werden. Anhand der Untersuchung der Mandoline von Smorsone wird gezeigt, wie eine CT-Messung durchgeführt wird und wie in dem anschließend rekonstruierten 3D-Datensatz mittels Koordinatenmesstechnik Maße (Abstände, Wandstärken, Winkel) exakt ermittelt werden können. T2 - Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Musikforschung CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 28.09.2022 KW - Mikro-CT KW - Bildverarbeitung KW - Holz KW - Bronze KW - ZfP PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56412 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ulbricht, Alexander T1 - Do Microbes like Additively Manufactured Aluminium? First Details of a Corrosion Test using Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria N2 - Additively manufactured metals become relevant for industrial application. Although many studies on wet corrosion of these metals have been conducted, to the authors knowledge no study seems to contain microbiological corrosion (MIC). In the presented study an experiment was conducted on PBF-LB/AlSi10Mg to test this material's susceptibility for MIC. The tested specimen were analysed using Computed Tomography before and after the MIC experiment to enable a detailed characterisation the damage on the specimens' global and local level. A global reduction of material was observed. In addition, localised damage along process inherent features of the materials microstructure was observed. T2 - Beiratssitzung TF Umwelt CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 17.03.2025 KW - Computed Tomography KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Biocorrosion KW - Sulphate-reducing Bacteria KW - Microbially influenced corrosion PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62772 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roveda, Ilaria T1 - Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure, residual stress state and fatigue properties of PBF-LB/M AlSi10Mg N2 - Al-Si alloys produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) techniques allow the fabrication of lightweight free-shape components. Due to the extremely heterogeneous cooling and heating, PBF-LB/M induces high magnitude residual stress (RS) and a fine Si microstructure. As the RS can be deleterious to the fatigue resistance of engineering components, great efforts are focused on understanding their evolution before and after post-process heat treatments (HT). T2 - Alloys for Additive Manufacturing Symposium 2022 (AAMS22) CY - Munich, Germany DA - 12.09.2022 KW - Neutron diffraction KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Crack propagation PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55871 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roveda, Ilaria T1 - Investigation of residual stresses and microstructure effects on the fatigue behaviour of a L-PBF AlSi10Mg alloy N2 - Al-Si alloys produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) techniques allow the fabrication of lightweight free-shape components. Due to the high cooling rates occurring during the building process, L-PBF AlSi10Mg alloys exhibit an ultra-fine microstructure that leads to superior mechanical properties in the as-built condition compared to conventional cast Al-Si materials. Nevertheless, L-PBF processing induces high thermal gradients, leading to deleterious residual stress. In order to relax detrimental residual stress and to increase the ductility, post-processing stress relief treatments are performed. The objective of the contribution is to investigate, under different heat treatment condition, the evolution of microstructure and residual stresses in view of optimizing the fatigue performance of the alloy. To this purpose various heat treatments in a range of temperatures between 265°C and 300°C for a duration between 15 minutes and 2 hours are performed. T2 - Fatigue Design 2021 CY - Senlis, France DA - 17.11.2021 KW - AlSi10Mg KW - Additive manufacturing KW - L-PBF KW - Residual stress KW - Heat treatment PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53794 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Reuter, T. T1 - Measurement-based Detector Characteristics for Digital Twins in aRTist 2 N2 - Various software products for the simulation of industrial X-ray radiography have been developed in recent years (e.g., aRTist 2, CIVA CT, Scorpius XLab, SimCT, Wilcore) and their application potential has been shown in numerous works. However, full systematic approaches to characterise a specific CT system for these simulation software products to obtain a truthful digital twin are still missing. In this contribution, we want to present two approaches to obtain realistic grey values in X-ray projections in aRTist 2 simulations based on measured projections. In aRTist 2, the displayed grey value of a pixel is based on the energy density incident on that pixel. The energy density is calculated based on the X-ray tube spectrum, the attenuation between source and detector as well as an energy-dependent sensitivity curve of the detector. The first approach presented in this contribution uses the sensitivity curve as a free modelling parameter. We measured the signal response at different thicknesses of Al EN-AW6082 at different tube voltages (i.e., different tube spectra). We then regarded the grey values displayed by these projections as a data regression respectively an optimisation problem and obtained the sensitivity curve that is best able to reproduce the measured behaviour in aRTist 2. The resulting sensitivity curve does not necessarily hold physical meaning but is able to simulate the real system behaviour in the simulation software. The second approach presented in this contribution is to estimate the sensitivity curve based on assumptions about the characteristics of the scintillation detector (e.g., scintillator material, scintillator thickness and signal processing characteristics). For this approach, a linear response function (linear relationship between the deposited energy per pixel and the resulting grey value) is assumed. If the detector characteristics, which affect the simulated deposited energy, are properly modelled, the slope and offset of the response function to match the measured grey values should be the same for different tube spectra. As the offset is constant and given by the grey values measured at no incident radiation, the slope is the remaining parameter to evaluate the success of the detector modelling. We therefore adapted the detector characteristics by changing the detector setup until the slope was nearly the same for all measured tube spectra. We are aware that the resulting parameters of the scintillator material and thickness might not be the real ones, but with those modelling parameters we are able to simulate realistic grey values in aRTist 2. Both of those approaches could potentially be a step forward to a full systematic approach for a digital twin of a real CT system in aRTist 2. T2 - 20th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (WCNDT 2024) CY - Incheon, South Korea DA - 27.05.2024 KW - Computed Tomography KW - Digital Twin KW - Simulation PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61776 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Favres, Georges T1 - European Metrology Network (EMN) for Advanced Manufacturing N2 - The European Commission has identified Advanced Manufacturing and Advanced Materials as two of six Key Enabling Technologies (KETs). By fully utilizing these KETs, advanced and sustainable economies will be created. It is considered that Metrology is a key enabler for the advancement of these KETs. EURAMET, the association of metrology institutes in Europe, has strengthened the role of Metrology for these KETs by enabling the creation of a European Metrology Network for Advanced Manufacturing. The EMN is made up of National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) from across Europe and was formally established in October 2021. The EMN aims to provide a high-level coordination of European metrology activities for the Advanced Materials and Advanced Manufacturing community. The EMN itself is organized in three sections representing the major stages of the manufacturing chain: 1) Advanced Materials, 2) Smart Manufacturing Systems, and 3) Manufactured Components & Products. The EMN for Advanced Manufacturing is engaging with stakeholders in the field of Advanced Manufacturing and Advanced Materials (Large companies & SMEs, industry organisations, existing networks, and academia), as well as the wider metrology community (including TCs) to provide input for the preparation of a Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) for Metrology for Advanced Manufacturing. This presentation will describe the progress in the development of the SRA by the EMN for Advanced Manufacturing. The metrology challenges identified across the various key industrial sectors, which utilise Advanced Materials and Advanced Manufacturing will be presented. The EMN for Advanced Manufacturing is supported by the project JNP 19NET01 AdvManuNet. T2 - 21st International Metrology Congress, CIM 2023 CY - Lyon (Chassieu), France DA - 07.03.2023 KW - Advanced Materials KW - EMN KW - European Metrology Network for Advanced Manufacturing, Strategic Research Agenda KW - SRA PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59208 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Przyklenk, A. T1 - Progress of the European Metrology Network for Advanced Manufacturing N2 - The European Metrology Network (EMN) for Advanced Manufacturing has been established in June 2021. Currently nine EMNs focussing on different important topics of strategic importance for Europe exist and form an integral part of EURAMET, the European Association of National Metrology Institutes (NMI). EMNs are tasked to ▪ develop a high-level coordination of the metrology community in Europe in a close dialogue with the respective stakeholders (SH) ▪ develop a strategic research agenda (SRA) within their thematic areas ▪ provide contributions to the European Partnership on Metrology research programme Based on the analysis of existing metrology infrastructures and capabilities of NMIs, the metrology research needs for advanced manufacturing are identified in close cooperation with academic, governmental and industrial stakeholders. Here, we report on the progress of the EMN for Advanced Manufacturing. T2 - Euspen 22nd International Conference & Exhibition (Euspen 2022) CY - Genf, Switzerland DA - 30.05.2022 KW - JNP AdvManuNet KW - Metrology KW - Advanced manufacturing KW - European Metrology Network KW - EMN PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55805 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meinel, Dietmar T1 - Classic Materials Testing in the Light of CT N2 - Currently, mandatory requirements and recommendations for the detection of irregularities in laser beam welded joints are based on classic micrographs as set out in the standard ISO 13919-1:2019. Compared to classic micrographs, computed tomography enables a non-destructive, three-dimensional and material-independent mode of operation, which delivers much more profound results. Even in building material testing, methods with limited informative value can be checked and supplemented by CT examinations. T2 - 13th International Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography (iCT2024) CY - Wels, Austria DA - 06.02.2024 KW - Computed Tomography KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Machine-Learning Segmentation KW - Air Void System PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-59568 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bauer, L. J. T1 - Complementary X-ray techniques reveal hidden details in teeth N2 - Within the DFG project ‘IXdent’, first results have been achieved on 2D µXRF and X-ray refraction radiography measurements as well as combined 3D confocal µXRF and µXCT investigations at the interface between filling and bovine tooth tissue. The benefit of multiple analytical techniques and the combination of structural and elemental analysis will be demonstrated. T2 - HZB User Meeting 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 09.12.2021 KW - Dental materials KW - X-ray refraction KW - Computed tomography KW - X-ray fluorescence PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54094 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rechlin, J. A1 - Soni, Akshar T1 - SimuCrown: Die Simulation der funktionellen Alterung – Wege zur Vorhersage von Misserfolgen dentaler Kronenrestaurationen in vitro N2 - Bei der Versorgung von Zähnen mit dentalen Kronenrestaurationen entsteht ein Kronen-Zement-Zahn-Komplex (KZZK). Dentale Werkstoffe überzeugen mit besten Materialeigenschaften, aber wie funktionieren sie im Verbund? Unsere zentrale Annahme lautet, dass die Alterung des KZZK eine zentrale Rolle bei Misserfolgen spielt. Präsentiert werden die Methodik und Bilder der ersten Arbeitsphase. T2 - Gemeinsame Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Zahnerhaltung (DGZ) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Prothetische Zahnmedizin und Biomaterialien e.V. (DGPro) CY - Leipzig, Germany DA - 13.06.2024 KW - Kronen-Zement-Zahn-Komplex KW - Funktionelle Alterung KW - Computertomographie PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60776 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bauer, L. T1 - Complementary X-ray techniques reveal hidden details in dental materials N2 - In dentistry it is of great interest to achieve good sealing interzones between tooth tissue and restoration materials to avoid, e. g. secondary caries. μXRF and CμXRF are suitable to investigate the elemental composition at these interzones in respect to diffusion of elements. Synchrotron X-ray refraction radiography (SXRR) and μCT measurements deliver highly resolved structural information and make structural changes such as micro cracks within the filling and the tooth tissue visible. The presented measurements are part of the DFG funded project IXdent (Integrative X-ray techniques for chemical and structural characterizations of dental interzones.) The depth-resolved CμXRF measurements are affected by absorption effects, making a quantitative investigation of the interzone in depth difficult. Full 3D quantification of heterogenous samples requires a complete model including dark matrix and density for each voxel. The combination of different techniques paves the way for a quantitative analysis of dental interzones. T2 - 15th BESSY@HZB User Meeting CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 22.06.2023 KW - X-ray refraction KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - Computed tomography KW - Dental material PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57849 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bauer, L. J. T1 - Integrated X-ray techniques for durable dental interzones N2 - Nowadays, teeth are not directly extracted when tooth decay occurs. Whenever treatment of the affected tooth is possible, the carious region is replaced with a suitable filling. The filling material differs according to the position and size of the cavity. Since the restoration will remain in the tooth for many years, a well adhering and sealing interface between filling and healthy tooth tissue is needed. There is continuous development of new materials, but intensive studies of this complex interface between filling and healthy tooth are still lacking. Little is known about possible diffusion of elements from dental materials into healthy tooth tissue forming a socalled interzone with specific chemical and structural properties. The combination of different analytical X-ray methods at synchrotron radiation facilities and in the laboratory enables an extensive structural and elemental investigation of such interzones. While X-ray fluorescence techniques and X-ray absorption spectroscopy yield elemental distributions and localized chemical speciation, X-ray diffraction, refraction and computed tomography add structural information to the full 3D analysis of model and real life tooth samples. Within two DFG funded projects, we develop adapted methodologies and investigate micro-chemical changes in interzones which we hypothesize may lead to sclerotic dentine. T2 - Workshop of the Helmholtz association: MML - "From Matter to Materials and Life" CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 22.11.2021 KW - Dental materials KW - X-ray refraction KW - Computed tomography KW - X-ray fluorescence PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54097 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sturm, R. T1 - Refraktions-Radiographie - eine neue Methode zur Evaluation von Alterungsmechanismen wurzelkanalbehandelter Zähne N2 - Ziel der Untersuchung: Evaluation der Eignung der Refraktions-Tomographie zur Analyse von Alterungserscheinungen innerhalb von adhäsiv verankerten Materialien vor und nach künstlicher Probenalterung. Material und Methode: Vier humane mittlere Oberkieferfrontzähne wurden wurzelkanalbehandelt und ausgedehnte Klasse IV Defekte der Krone mit einer Aufbaufüllung aus dualhärtendem Komposit (Rebilda DC, VOCO) und einem Glasfaserstift (Rebilda Post, VOCO) restauriert. Alle Proben wurden feucht gelagert und in einer Synchrotron-Einrichtung (BAMline, BESSY II, HZB) mit einer Pixelgröße von 4,08 µm gescannt. Für diese Synchrotron-Refraktions-Tomographie (SXRCT) muss zunächst der Analysatorkristall (AK) zu einer Bragg-Reflexion (Beugung) angeregt werden, um eine SXRCT durchzuführen. Die SXRCT wird mit einer Transmissions-Tomographie (ohne AK) verrechnet. Darauf folgte eine künstliche Probenalterung mit 400.000 Kau- und 3.000 Thermozyklen (50N, 5-55°C). Anschließend wurden die Proben ein weiteres Mal gescannt. Die Datensätze beider SXRCT wurden mittels des „filtered back projection“ Algorithmus rekonstruiert, mit einer Bildanalyse-Software aufeinander registriert und ausgewertet. Hierdurch konnten die Veränderungen initialer Schädigungen analysiert werden. Ergebnisse: Alle 4 Proben zeigten in den Scans Veränderungen des inneren Gefüges und an Grenzflächen nach Belastung. Es zeigten sich Ansammlungen von Wasser innerhalb eingeschlossener Hohlräume, subkritisches Risswachstum, Ausdehnung des Komposit und Quellung des Glasfaserstiftes um 0,4%. In den SXRCT Aufnahmen waren außerdem Dentintubuli, die bei Auflösungen von 4,08 µm sonst nicht deutlich sichtbar sind darstellbar. Dadurch konnte Eindringen von Wasser in die Tubuli im Anschluss an die Alterung belegt werden. Zusammenfassung: SXRCT bietet die Möglichkeit, trotz einer vergleichbar geringen Auflösung, kleinste Strukturen und Veränderungen abzubilden. Dies ermöglicht unter anderem die detaillierte Analyse relativ großer Proben, wie eines vollständigen Zahnes in einem Scanvorgang. T2 - 5. Gemeinschaftstagung Zahnerhaltung CY - Munich, Germany DA - 23.11.2023 KW - Röntgenrefraktion KW - Computertomographie KW - Zahnmedizin PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59103 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Krüger, Y. T1 - Fluid inclusion microthermometry in stalagmites: The next stage of development N2 - Fluid inclusion microthermometry is one of the analytical approaches that has been proposed for speleothem-based temperature reconstructions. The proxy of this paleothermometer is the density of drip water relicts that have been enclosed in microscopic fluid inclusions during speleothem growth. Prior to microthermometric analyses, the monophase liquid inclusions need to be transferred from a metastable liquid into a stable liquid-vapour two-phase state by stimulating vapour bubble nucleation by means of single ultra-short laser pulses. Subsequent microthermometric analyses determine the temperature at which the vapour bubble disappears again, the so-called liquid-vapour homogenisation temperature (Th(obs) ). The observed homogenisation temperature depends not only on the water density but also on the inclusion volume. In order to determine the water density, a thermodynamic model is used that takes account of the effect of surface tension on Th(obs) to calculate Th∞. This is the corresponding homogenisation temperature at saturation pressure that determines the water density and defines the formation temperature of the fluid inclusion. The analytical precision of the method ranges between 0.1 and 0.3 °C depending on the size of the inclusions. T2 - Climate Change: The Karst Record IX (KR9) CY - Innsbruck, Austria DA - 17.07.2022 KW - Fluid inclusion microthermometry KW - Stalagmites KW - Synchrotron radiation KW - X-ray imaging KW - X-ray diffraction PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55344 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Campos de Oliveira, Paula T1 - Microstructural characterisation of aerospace ceramics via synchrotron X-ray computed tomography N2 - This study investigates the microstructural evolution of refractory ceramics applied in aerospace using Synchrotron X-ray Computed Tomography (SXCT). We analyse how processing and temperature affect factors such as agglomeration, microcracking, particle orientation, and pore interconnectivity. These findings offer insights for optimising the design of more sustainable aircraft engines. T2 - BESSY@HZB User Meeting 2024 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 11.12.2024 KW - Refractories KW - Ceramics KW - Synchrotron X-ray Computed Tomography KW - Microstructural characterisation KW - Aerospace PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-62390 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Dayani, Shahabeddin T1 - 4D imaging of abuse mechanisms in Li-ion batteries N2 - Higher energy density materials are being pushed by the research community to make lithium ion batteries a better competitor of chemical fossil fuels for transport applications. This increases potential risk of lithium ion batteries and therefore safety investigations are highly important for application purposes. Operando Computer Tomography provides a non-destructive investigation method of different abuse mechanisms. Application of X-ray computed tomography (XCT) for studying lithium-ion batteries has gained interest among the research community especially in the past decade [1]. This technique is widely used for ex-situ samples to measure porosity and tortuosity [2], particle size and volume distribution [3] in the graphite anode as well as different cathode materials such as LiCoOx and NiMnCoOx. [4]. In situ measurements of commercial batteries are also often carried out to detect defects induced in a cell by a safety abuse test or manufacturing process [5]. Operando CT of large cells (for example 18650 form factor) is conducted at synchrotron facilities with high flux of high energy photons, however at a cost of details due to the large field of view [6]. Methodik Thanks to their high brilliance, synchrotron beam facilitates us to do a full Computed Tomography in a short time. This enables us to measure batteries while being cycled with a reasonable time resolution to record morphological changes. In this poster we illustrate how one can utilize this ability to investigate abuse mechanisms on an actual commercially available lithium ion battery as well as a home made micro cell. Ergebnisse In this work, lab-based and synchrotron X-ray computed tomography is applied to commercial Li-ion batteries. It is shown how to find most suitable imaging settings to study available lithium-ion batteries on different size scales, from cell level to particle level. We also demonstrate how to optimize contrast as well as both temporal and spatial resolutions to study in-situ and operando processes in a commercial battery using attenuation and phase contrast SXCT. Manufacturing defects and inconsistencies on cell level as well as the electrode and microstructure on material level are shown in our study. Moreover, some abuse conditions are imaged in operando in a commercially available li-ion battery. Diskussion This work has demonstrated various imaging settings using lab and synchrotron based X-ray computed tomography to study in-situ as well as under operando condition, some abuse mechanisms in commercial lithium-ion batteries from cell level to electrode and particle level. T2 - Batterie Forum Deutschland CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 18.01.2023 KW - X-ray Computed tomography KW - Li ion Battery KW - Imaging PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-57156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -