TY - CONF A1 - Manzoni, Anna Maria T1 - Combining trace elements for microstructural optimization in the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 compositionally complex alloy N2 - Trace elements W and Hf have different influence on the microstructure and the mechanical properties when added to the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 compositionally complex alloy. The addition of both can thus merge both element’s beneficial influences when combined with the appropriate heat treatment: Hf enhances the cubicity of the γ’ particles in the γ matrix while the W reduces the negative influence of the Heusler phase: this phase can be completely dissolved when W is present in the alloy. T2 - ICHEM 2020 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 27.09.2020 KW - High entropy alloys KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Lattice misfit KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Scanning electron microscopy PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51370 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hébrard, Louis T1 - Comparison of Room and High Temperature Fatigue Behavior of a New LPBF VDM 780 Alloy N2 - The actual environmental challenges require a huge effort from all industrial sectors to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gasses and pollutants. In this context, aeronautics is deeply concerned as one of the most emissive industrial sectors (cf. EU Green Deal). The answer to this pressing challenge is complex and involves new fuels and engine concepts, new aerostructures with higher weight-savings, as well as new, energy-efficient, and sustainable manufacturing technologies and materials. Two technologies may contribute particularly to achieving the goals: (i) new and more energy-efficient processes such as additive manufacturing (AM) can be used for part production; (ii) the engine efficiency of airplanes can be significantly improved to save fuel and reduce gas emissions. The latter can be achieved by increasing the engine thermal efficiency, i.e., increasing the turbine inlet temperature. Currently, only single-crystalline cast materials are available to be used for the thermally highest-loaded parts in the gas turbine engine, i.e., the turbine blades in the high-pressure turbine just behind the combustion chamber. These materials rely on a special casting technology, although they lose these original material performances when additive manufactured. In addition, current materials suitable for metal additive manufacturing have a limited range of temperature application. Therefore, the focus is on the development of new materials targeting higher in-service operation temperatures and durability. Recently, a new Ni-based superalloy (VDM 780) has been developed to ensure microstructural stability up to 800 °C. The goal of this work is to provide a deeper understanding of the high temperature fatigue properties of this alloy. This will enable the identification of the maximum operating temperature of this alloy and assess its performance in order to establish its potential in view of a new generation of more efficient aero-engines. T2 - 11th Edition of Fatigue Design International Conference CY - Senlis, France DA - 19.11.2025 KW - Fatigue KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Ni-based superalloy KW - High Temperature PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64992 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Han, Ying T1 - Segmented primary phases of Al-alloy EN AW-2618A in the T61 state using synchrotron computed tomography N2 - The video file contains data from a synchrotron computed tomography measurement of the primary phases of the Al-alloy EN AW-2618A in the T61 state. The volume fraction of the primary phases was determined. KW - Aluminum alloy KW - EN AW-2618A KW - Computed tomography KW - Primary phases PY - 2024 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12730717 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-60657 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schröder, Jakob T1 - Neutron Diffraction Based Residual Stress Analysis of Additively Manufactured Alloys N2 - Additive manufacturing methods such as laser powder bed fusion offer an enormous flexibility in the efficient design of parts. In this process, a laser locally melts feedstock powder to build up a part layer-by-layer. It is this localized processing manner imposing large temperature gradients, resulting in the formation of internal stress and characteristic microstructures. Produced parts inherently contain high levels of residual stress accompanied by columnar grain growth and crystallographic texture. On a smaller scale, the microstructure is characterized by competitive cell-like solidification with micro segregation and dislocation entanglement. In this context, it is crucial to understand the interplay between microstructure, texture, and residual stress to take full advantage of the freedom in design. In fact, X-ray and neutron diffraction are considered as the benchmark for the non-destructive characterization of surface and bulk residual stress. The latter, characterized by a high penetration power in most engineering alloys, allows the use of diffraction angle close to 90°, enabling the employment of a nearly cubic gauge volume. However, the complex hierarchical microstructures produced by additive manufacturing present significant challenges towards the reliable characterization of residual stress by neutron diffraction. Since residual stress is not the direct quantity being measured, the peak shift imposed by the residual stress present in a material must be converted into a macroscopic stress. First, an appropriate lattice plane must be selected that is easily accessible (i.e., high multiplicity) and insensitive to micro strain accumulation. Second, a stress-free reference must be known to calculate a lattice strain, which can be difficult to define for the heterogeneous microstructures produced by additive manufacturing. Third, an appropriate set of diffraction elastic constants that relate the lattice strain to the macroscopic stress must be known. In this presentation, advancements in the field of residual stress analysis using neutron diffraction are presented on the example of the Ni-based superalloy Inconel 718. The effect of the complex microstructure on the determination of residual stress by neutron diffraction is presented. It is shown, how to deal with the determination of the stress-free reference. It is also shown that the selection of an appropriate set of diffraction elastic constants depends on the microstructure. Finally, the role of the crystallographic texture in the determination of the residual stress is shown. T2 - Deutsche Neutronenstreutagung CY - Aachen, Germany DA - 16.09.2024 KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Neutron Diffraction KW - Electron Backscatter Diffraction KW - Laser Powder Bed Fusion PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61476 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ulbricht, Alexander T1 - Evolution of Creep Damage of 316L Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion N2 - The damage mechanisms of metallic components produced by process laser powder bed fusion differ significantly from those typically observed in conventionally manufactured variants of the same alloy. This is due to the unique microstructures of additively manufactured materials. Herein, the focus is on the study of the evolution of creep damage in stainless steel 316L specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion. X-ray computed tomography is used to unravel the influence of the process-specific microstructure from the influence of the initial void distribution on creep damage mechanisms. The void distribution of two specimens tested at 600 °C and 650 °C is analyzed before a creep test, after an interruption, and after fracture. The results indicate that the formation of damage is not connected to the initial void distribution. Instead, damage accumulation at grain boundaries resulting from intergranular cracking is observed. T2 - Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium CY - Austin, TX, USA DA - 14.08.2023 KW - AISI 316L KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Computed Tomography KW - Creep KW - Laser Powder Bed Fusion KW - Microstructure KW - PBF-LB/M/316L PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58285 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ulbricht, Alexander T1 - Formation of Creep Damage of 316L Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion N2 - The damage mechanisms of metallic components produced by process laser powder bed fusion differ significantly from those typically observed in conventionally manufactured variants of the same alloy. This is due to the unique microstructures of additively manufactured materials. Herein, the focus is on the study of the evolution of creep damage in stainless steel 316L specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion. X-ray computed tomography is used to unravel the influence of the process-specific microstructure from the influence of the initial void distribution on creep damage mechanisms. The void distribution of two specimens tested at 600 °C and 650 °C is analyzed before a creep test, after an interruption, and after fracture. The results indicate that the formation of damage is not connected to the initial void distribution. Instead, damage accumulation at grain boundaries resulting from intergranular cracking is observed. T2 - 4th Symposium on Materials and Additive Manufacturing - Additive 2024 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 12.06.2024 KW - AISI 316L KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Computed Tomography KW - Creep KW - Laser Powder Bed Fusion KW - Microstructure KW - PBF-LB/M/316L PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60295 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schröder, Jakob T1 - Diffraction and Single-Crystal Elastic Constants of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 N2 - Laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) of metallic alloys is a layer-wise additive manufacturing process that provides significant scope for more efficient designs of components, benefiting performance and weight, leading to efficiency improvements for various sectors of industry. However, to benefit from these design freedoms, knowledge of the high produced induced residual stress and mechanical property anisotropy associated with the unique microstructures is critical. X-ray and neutron diffraction are considered the benchmark for non-destructive characterization of surface and bulk internal residual stress. The latter, characterized by the high penetration power in most engineering alloys, allows for the use of a diffraction angle close to 90° enabling a near cubic sampling volume to be specified. However, the complex microstructures of columnar growth with inherent crystallographic texture typically produced during PBF-LB/M of metallics present significant challenges to the assumptions typically required for time efficient determination of residual stress. These challenges include the selection of an appropriate set of diffraction elastic constants and a representative lattice plane suitable for residual stress analysis. In this contribution, the selection of a suitable lattice plane family for residual stress analysis is explored. Furthermore, the determination of an appropriate set of diffraction and single-crystal elastic constants depending on the underlying microstructure is addressed. In-situ loading experiments have been performed at the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source with the main scope to study the deformation behaviour of laser powder bed fused Inconel 718. Cylindrical tensile bars have been subjected to an increasing mechanical load. At pre-defined steps, neutron diffraction data has been collected. After reaching the yield limit, unloads have been performed to study the accumulation of intergranular strain among various lattice plane families. T2 - 11th European Conference on Residual Stresses CY - Prag, Czech Republic DA - 03.06.2024 KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Laser Powder Bed fusion KW - Diffraction Elastic Constants KW - Microstructure KW - Electron Backscatter Diffraction PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60289 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schröder, Jakob T1 - Diffraction and Single-Crystal Elastic Constants of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 N2 - In this presentation, the results of the determination of the diffraction and single-crystal elastic constants of laser powder bed fused Inconel 718 are presented. The analysis is based on high-energy synchrotron diffraction experiments performed at the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron. It is shown that the characteristic microstructure of laser powder bed fused Inconel 718 impacts the elastic anisotropy and therefore the diffraction and single-crystal elastic constants. Finally, the consequences on the diffraction-based residual stress determination of laser powder bed fused Inconel 718 are discussed. T2 - AWT-Fachausschuss 13 "Eigenspannungen" CY - Wolfsburg, Germany DA - 19.03.2024 KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Laser Powder Bed fusion KW - Diffraction KW - In-Situ Testing KW - Diffraction Elastic Constants PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-59900 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schröder, Jakob T1 - Influence of Microstructure on the Diffraction-Based Residual Stress Determination in Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 N2 - Additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) offer the ability to produce parts in a single manufacturing step. On the one hand, this manufacturing technique offers immense geometric freedom in part design due to its layer-by-layer manufacturing strategy. On the other hand, the localized melting and solidification impose the presence of large temperature gradients in the process. From a microstructural perspective, this inevitably results in micro-segregation and a columnar grain structure, often paired with a significant crystallographic texture. Even worse, these large temperature gradients can lead to internal stress-induced deformation or cracking during processing. At the very least, residual stress is retained in the final structures as a footprint of this internal stress. In this context, diffraction-based methods allow the non-destructive characterization of the residual stress field in a non-destructive fashion. However, the accuracy of these methods is directly related to the microstructural characteristics of the material of interest. First, diffraction-based methods access microscopic lattice strains. To relate these lattice strains to a macroscopic stress, so-called diffraction elastic constants must be known. The deformation behavior is directly linked to the microstructure. Therefore, the diffraction elastic constants also depend on the microstructure. Second, the presence of crystallographic texture should be considered in the residual stress determination, as variations in crystal orientations contribute differently to the diffraction signal. Here we present the influence of the microstructure on the determination of residual stress by diffraction-based methods in as-built PBF-LB Inconel 718 parts. We obtained different microstructures by employing two different scanning strategies. In particular, different crystallographic textures were obtained by changing the relative angle of the scan vectors to the geometric axes of the part. The texture-based characterization of the residual stress field was carried out by surface, sub-surface, and bulk residual stress measurements. It was found that the residual stress determination significantly depends on the microstructure for strong crystallographic textures. T2 - Material Science and Engineering Congress CY - Darmstadt, Germany DA - 24.09.2024 KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Electron Backscatter Diffraction KW - Microstructure KW - Residual Stress KW - X-ray Diffraction PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61475 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mieller, Björn T1 - Numerical study of electric field distribution in breakdown strength testing of ceramics N2 - Dielectric breakdown of insulators is a combined electrical, thermal, and mechanical failure. The exact breakdown mechanism in ceramics and the formulation of useful models are still subject of investigation. Recent studies highlighted that several experimental aspects of dielectric breakdown strength testing affect the test results, and thus impede the recognition of fundamental principles. Excess field strength near the electrode can lead to premature breakdown in the insulating liquid. This would cause superficial damage to the test specimen and thus falsify the measurement results. The field strength distribution is influenced by the ratio of permittivity of the sample and the surrounding insulating liquid. Premature breakdown depends on the breakdown strength of the liquid and the actual test voltage. The test voltage again depends on the specimen thickness. To systematically investigate these relations, a numerical simulation study (FEM) of the electric field distribution in a typical testing rig with cylindrical electrodes was performed. The permittivity of the sample and the insulating liquid was parameterized, as well as the sample thickness. The electric field distribution was calculated for increasing test voltage. Field strength maxima are compared to experimental breakdown strength of typical insulating liquids and experimental breakdown locations on alumina. Strategies are discussed to adjust the insulation liquid and the sample thickness to reduce the influence of the testing setup on the dielectric breakdown strength results. T2 - Ceramics in Europe 2022 CY - Krakow, Poland DA - 10.07.2022 KW - Ceramics KW - Dielectric breakdown strength KW - Electric field distribution KW - Alumina PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55325 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Beygi Nasrabadi, Hossein T1 - Domain-level ontology formulation based on the Platform Material Digital (PMD) ontology: case study Brinell hardness N2 - A large amount of publicly available data is reproduced every day in the field of materials science, while these kind of material data can have different formats and types like paper-type publications, standards, datasheets or isolated datasets in repositories. However, gathering a specific library from such extensive and diverse material data is always challenging for the materials scientists and engineers, since the time-related limitations are not allowed to fully access the large publicly available databases; search across these disparate databases, manage the large volumes of heterogeneous datasets, and integrate data from multiple sources. To address these challenges and make data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), an efficient data management system is necessary to build comprehensive, documented, and connected data spaces in the future. A formal standardized knowledge representation through an ontology can address such problems and make data more available and interoperable between related domains. Ontology can also rich machine processable semantic descriptions that increases the performance of scientific searches. In this regard, the Platform MaterialDigital (PMD) is currently working on developing a high-level ontology for the materials and material related processes. For example, in one of the PMD projects of “KupferDigital”, we will try to develop a data ecosystem for digital materials research based on ontology-based digital representations of copper and copper alloys. As a case study, this paper describes the methodology for ontology development of Brinell hardness, based on PMD core ontology. The methodology we describe includes the following steps; gathering the required domain terminology from different resources like standards (DIN EN ISO 6506-1) and test reports, representing the performance of a standard-conformant hardness test and the treatment of the recorded values up to a “reportable” hardness value for a material, designing the process chain according to the semantic technologies, and developing a domain-level ontology of Brinell hardness based on PMD ontology semantic formalization. Apart the mentioned methodology, some interesting tools and methods were introduced and ontology design challenges and possible solutions for modelling materials and processes were discussed. Furthermore, a dataset from the Brinell hardness measurement of cast copper samples is prepared for testing the query process. T2 - MSE 2022 CY - Darmstadt, Germany DA - 27.09.2022 KW - Copper KW - Materials Science KW - Ontology KW - Platform MaterialDigital (PMD) KW - Brinell hardness PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56092 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beygi Nasrabadi, Hossein A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit T1 - Ontology-Oriented Modeling of the Vickers Hardness Knowledge Graph N2 - This research deals with the development of the Vickers hardness knowledge graph, mapping the example dataset in them, and exporting the data-mapped knowledge graph as a machine-readable Resource Description Framework (RDF). Modeling the knowledge graph according to the standardized test procedure and using the appropriate upper-level ontologies were taken into consideration to develop the highly standardized, incorporable, and industrial applicable models. Furthermore, the Ontopanel approach was utilized for mapping the real experimental data in the developed knowledge graphs and the resulting RDF files were successfully evaluated through the SPARQL queries. KW - Data Mapping KW - FAIR Data KW - Ontology KW - Knowledge Graph KW - Vickers Hardness PY - 2024 DO - https://doi.org/10.4028/p-k8Gj2L VL - 149 SP - 33 EP - 38 PB - Trans Tech Publications Ltd CY - Switzerland AN - OPUS4-59981 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bayerlein, Bernd T1 - Adapting FAIR Practices in Materials Science: Digital Representation of Material-Specific Characterization Methods N2 - Age-hardenable aluminum alloys undergo precise heat treatments to yield nanometer-sized precipitates that increase their strength and durability by hindering the dislocation mobility. Tensile tests provide mechanical properties, while microstructure evaluation relies on transmission electron microscopy (TEM), specifically the use of dark-field TEM images for precise dimensional analysis of the precipitates. However, this manual process is time consuming, skill dependent, and prone to errors and reproducibility issues. Our primary goal is to digitally represent these processes while adhering to FAIR principles. Ontologies play a critical role in facilitating semantic annotation of (meta)data and form the basis for advanced data management. Publishing raw data, digital workflows, and ontologies ensures reproducibility. This work introduces innovative solutions to traditional bottlenecks and offers new perspectives on digitalization challenges in materials science. We support advanced data management by leveraging knowledge graphs and foster collaborative and open data ecosystems that potentially revolutionize materials research and discovery. T2 - TMS - Specialty Congress 2024 CY - Cleveland, Ohio, US DA - 16.06.2024 KW - FAIR KW - Research Data Management KW - Semantic Interoperability KW - Ontologies KW - Materials and Processes Data Reusability PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60375 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit T1 - Fatigue Crack Growth of Heat Resistant Austenitic Cast Iron under Isothermal and Anisothermal Conditions N2 - The heat-resistant cast iron EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr35-5-2 (Ni-Resist D-5S) was investigated for its fatigue crack growth behavior at room and high temperatures. Force-controlled tests were carried out at constant temperatures (20 °C, 500 °C, 700 °C) without and with hold time and different load ratios. The crack growth behavior was also characterized under TMF loading (Tmin = 400 °C, Tmax = 700 °C) by applying IP and OP conditions and different load ratios. Three different techniques were combined to monitor crack growth: potential drop, thermography, and compliance method. The effect of the different loading conditions on the fatigue crack growth behavior will be presented and discussed. T2 - TMF Workshop 2024 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 25.04.2024 KW - Fatigue crack growth KW - Thermomechanical fatigue KW - Austenitic cast iron KW - Ni-Resist PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-59964 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bhadeliya, Ashok T1 - High temperature fatigue crack growth in nickel-based alloys joined by brazing and additive manufacturing N2 - Gas turbine components, made of nickel-based alloys, undergo material damage due to high temperatures and mechanical stresses. These components need periodic replacement to avoid efficiency loss and failure. Repair of these parts is more cost-effective than replacement. State-of-the-art repair technologies, including different additive manufacturing (AM) and brazing processes, are considered for efficient restoration. Materials properties mismatches and/or internal defects in repaired parts may expedite crack initiation and propagation, reducing fatigue life. To understand the crack growth behavior in joining zones and predict the remaining life of repaired components, fatigue crack growth (FCG) tests were conducted on specimens of nickel-based alloys joined via brazing, pre-sintered preforms and AM. The FCG experimental technique was successfully adapted for joined specimens and results indicate that the investigated braze material provides a lower resistance to crack growth. In AM-sandwich specimens, the crack growth rates are significantly reduced at the interface of AM and cast material. T2 - TMS 2024 Annual Meeting & Exhibition CY - Orlando, Florida, USA DA - 03.03.2024 KW - Fatigue crack growth KW - Joined nickel-based alloys PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-59854 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bhadeliya, Ashok T1 - High temperature fatigue crack growth in nickel-based alloys joined by brazing and additive manufacturing N2 - Nickel-based alloys have been widely used for gas turbine blades owing to their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at high temperatures. The operating temperatures of modern gas turbines have been increased in pursuit of increased thermal efficiency. Turbine blades are exposed to these high temperatures combined with mechanical stresses, resulting in material damage through creep, fatigue, and other mechanisms. These turbine blades must be regularly inspected and replaced as needed, to prevent the loss of efficiency, breakdown, and catastrophic failure. Repair of the damaged turbine blades is often a more practical and cost-effective option than replacement, as replacement is associated with high costs and loss of material resources. To this end, state-of-the-art repair technologies including different additive manufacturing and brazing processes are considered to ensure efficient repair and optimum properties of repaired components. In any repaired part, materials property-mismatches and/or inner defects may facilitate the crack initiation and propagation and thus reduce the number of load cycles to failure. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the fatigue crack growth and fracture mechanisms in joining zones is required to enable the prediction of the remaining life of repaired components and to further improve and adapt the repair technologies. Fatigue crack growth experiments have been conducted on SEN (Single Edge Notch) specimens joined via brazing, and pre-sintered Preform (PSP) and multi-materials (casted/printed) specimens layered via additive manufacturing (AM). The experiments were performed at 950 °C and various stress ratios. The crack growth was measured using DCPD (Direct Current Potential Drop) method. The stress intensity factors for joined SEN specimens were calculated using the finite element method and then used to derive the fatigue crack growth curves. Metallographic and fractographic analyses were conducted to get insight into the fracture mechanism. Results show that the experimental technique for fatigue crack growth was successfully adapted and applied for testing joined specimens. Furthermore, the initial tests indicate that the investigated braze filler material provides a lower resistance to crack growth, and bonding defects cause a crack to deviate to the interface of the base material and joining zone. In AM-sandwich specimens, the crack growth rates are significantly reduced when the crack reaches the interface of printed material and casted material. The obtained crack growth data can be used to calibrate a crack growth model, which will further be utilized to predict the remaining life of repaired components. T2 - Fatigue 2024 Conference CY - Cambridge, UK DA - 19.06.2024 KW - Fatigue crack growth KW - Joined nickel-based alloys PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60893 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ávila Calderón, Luis T1 - Creep Behavior of Stainless Steel 316L Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion N2 - Metal additive manufacturing (Metal AM) continues to gain momentum. Many companies explore the manufacturing of innovative products, including components for safety critical applications. Despite the intensive research of recent years, a fundamental understanding of the process‑structure‑property relationships remains challenging due to, i.a., the inherently complex and highly hierarchical microstructures arising from the wide range of build process parameter variability. This contribution presents the resu lts of an experimental study on the creep behavior of an austenitic 316L stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion (PBF LB/M/316L) with an emphasis on understanding the effects of microstructure on creep mechanisms. Hot tensile tests and constant force creep tests at 600 °C and 650 °C, X ray computed tomography, as well as optical and electron microscopy were performed. The produced PBF LB/M/316L exhibits a low void population 0.01 %) resulting from the manufacturing parameters used and which a llowed us to understand the effects of other microstructural aspects on creep behavior, e.g., grain morphology and dislocation substructure. A hot‑rolled variant of 316L hwas also tested as a reference. The produced PBF LB/M/316L possesses shorter primary and secondary creep stages and times to rupture and smaller creep stress exponents than the hot‑rolled variant. Overall, the creep damage is more extensive in the PBF LB/M/316L and is characterized as predominantly intergranular. It is considered that the damage behavior is mainly impacted by the formation of precipitates at the grain boundaries combined with their unfavorable orientation. The dislocation substructure and local elemental segregation appear to have a decisive impact on the overall creep behavior. T2 - 16th International Conference on Creep and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures CY - Bangalore, India DA - 28.07.2024 KW - AGIL KW - 316L KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Creep KW - Microstructure evolution PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60839 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schilling, Markus T1 - Towards Structured Data Spaces: Prototypical Application of Semantic Technologies as a Driver for Innovation in Materials Science N2 - In the pursuit of advancing development and digitalization within materials science, ensuring quality assurance, interoperability, and adherence to FAIR principles is significant. To address these aspects, semantic technologies are employed for storage, processing, and contextualization of data, offering machine-actionable and human-readable knowledge representations crucial for data management. This presentation showcases the prototypical application of generic approaches of knowledge representation in materials science. It includes the design and documentation of graph patterns that may be compiled into rule-based semantic shapes. The development and application of the PMD Core Ontology 3.0 (PMDco 3.0) tailored for materials science is highlighted. Its integration into daily lab life is demonstrated through its functional incorporation into electronic lab notebooks (ELN). Examples of material processing and standardized mechanical testing illustrate how knowledge graph operations enhance ELN capabilities, providing a generalizable unified approach for managing diverse experimental data from different sources with automation potentials. T2 - TMS Specialty Congress 2025 CY - Anaheim, CA, USA DA - 15.06.2025 KW - Semantic Data KW - Data Integration KW - Digitalization KW - Data Interoperability KW - Plattform MaterialDigital PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63401 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ávila Calderón, Luis Alexander A1 - Matzak, Kathrin A1 - Olbricht, Jürgen A1 - Dolabella Portella, Pedro A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit T1 - BAM Reference Data: High Temperature Tensile Data of Single-Crystal Ni-Based Superalloy CMSX-6 N2 - This publication provides comprehensive metadata and test results of tensile tests at elevated temperature according to DIN EN ISO 6892-2:2018-09 on the single crystal Ni-based superalloy CMSX-6 at T = 980 °C. The tests were performed in an ISO 17025-accredited test laboratory. The calibrations of measuring equipment are documented, meet the requirements of the measurement standard, and are metrologically traceable. The provided data were audited and are BAM reference data. KW - Digitalisierung KW - Referenzdaten KW - CMSX-6 KW - Zugversuch KW - NFDI-MatWerk KW - Ni-Basis-Superlegierung PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17846616 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-65338 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schilling, Markus T1 - Towards digitalization of materials in PMD: An application ontology of the tensile test N2 - Due to the diversity of materials and the processes associated with their production and use, the complexity of the lifecycles of materials and the multitude of academic and industrial researchers participating in generation of data for material design impose a huge challenge. The topical goal of digitalizing materials and processes can only be adequately addressed by consolidating the efforts of all stakeholders in this field. There are many scattered activities, but there is a demand for an elimination of redundancies as well as an advance in acceptance and a common basis in the digitalization of materials. Furthermore, data analysis methods play an important role in both, the experimental and simulation-based digital description of materials, but they have been poorly structured so far. Therefore, the two joint projects Platform Material Digital (PMD, materialdigital.de) and Materials open Laboratory (Mat-o-Lab, matolab.de) aim to contribute to a standardized description of data processing methods in materials research. Besides stimulating the formation of a collaborative community in this respect, their main technical goals are the quality assurance of the processes and the output data, the acquisition and definition of their accuracy as well as the interoperability between applications. In this regard, data management in accordance with the FAIR (findability, accessibility, interoperability, reuseability) principles is addressed. There is a common agreement in the scientific community following current discussions that data is supposed to be conform to these principles. This includes storage, processing and querying of data in a preferably standardized form. To meet the challenge to contextualize material data in a way that is consistent with all stakeholders, all necessary information on the condition of the material including production and application-related changes have to be made available via a uniform, machine-readable description. For this purpose, ontologies are to be used since they allow for machine-understandable knowledge representations and conceptualizations that are needed for data management and the digitalization in the field of materials science. As first efforts in PMD and Mat-o-Lab, application ontologies are created to explicitly describe processes and test methods. Thereby, the well-known tensile test of metals at room temperature was described ontologically in accordance with the respective ISO standard 6892-1:2019-11. The efforts in creating this tensile test application ontology are shown in this presentation. Especially, the path of ontology development based on standards to be pursued is focused, which is in accordance with the generic recommendations for ontology development and which is supposed to be exemplary for the creation of other application ontologies. T2 - VirtMet: 1st International Workshop on Metrology for Virtual Measuring Instruments and Digital Twins CY - Online meeting DA - 21.09.2021 KW - Platform Material Digital (PMD) KW - Ontology KW - Tensile test KW - Standard KW - Ontology development PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53481 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -