TY - JOUR A1 - Ghadamyari, Marzieh A1 - Ebrahim Hosseini, Hossein A1 - Michálková, Monika A1 - de Camargo, Andréa Simone Stucchi A1 - Cao, Jiangkun A1 - Galusek, Dušan A1 - Chukova, Oksana A1 - Wondraczek, Lothar A1 - Jacobsohn, Luiz Gustavo A1 - Klement, Róbert T1 - Broadband visible emission in undoped K2ZnGeO4 by near UV and X-ray excitation N2 - Self-activated phosphors (SAP) have attracted significant attention for a wide range of applications, including lighting, displays, scintillators, lasers, luminescence-based sensors, bioimaging, drug delivery, and luminescent security inks. In this work, we report a new white emitting SAP, α-K2ZnGeO4, synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reaction. The phosphor crystallizes in a single-phase orthorhombic structure and consists of irregularly shaped particles. Under ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray excitation the sample exhibits broad yellowish-white emission spanning the 350–800 nm spectral range, with a long-wavelength tail extending into the near-infrared region, overlapping the biological window. Average lifetime values of 20.4 and 22.6 μs were determined from the fluorescence decay curves monitored at the centre of the band (550 nm), upon excitation at 272 and 377 nm, respectively. Additionally, the decay curve of a distinct spectral feature, peaked at 385 nm, was studied upon 272 nm excitation, yielding a lifetime of 2.3 μs. The role of structural defects (donors: VO and Zni; acceptors: VZn, VGe, and Oi) in the luminescence of α-K2ZnGeO4 was also investigated. Photoluminescence spectra recorded under 366 nm and 377 nm excitation yielded CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates of (x, y) = (0.40213, 0.46943) and (0.39326, 0.47611), respectively. The values are almost identical and correspond to yellowish-white emission, highlighting the suitability of the material as a yellowish-white phosphor in white light-emitting diodes (wLEDs). KW - Broadband emitter KW - K2ZnGeO4 KW - X-ray excitation PY - 2026 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.063 SN - 0272-8842 VL - 52 IS - 7 SP - 8658 EP - 8669 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-65691 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rex, Tobias A1 - Vilela, Raquel R. C. A1 - Bauer, Nadine A1 - Hepp, Alexander A1 - de Camargo, Andrea S. S. A1 - Kiefer, Friedemann A1 - Strassert, Cristian A. T1 - Host–Guest Nanoparticles Incorporating a Fluorophore-Conjugated Pt(II) Complex: A Ratiometric Dual Emitter Performing as a Self-Referenced Oxygen Reporter N2 - Ratiometric optical sensors, which provide real-time measurements by comparing the intensities of two spectrally separated emission bands, are highly effective for monitoring oxygen levels. By combining oxygen-independent and oxygensensitive emission characteristics, they offer accurate quantification, distinguishing them from other sensor types. In this work, we designed a ratiometric optical sensor concept based on a biscyclometalated platinum(II) complex coupled with an organic naphthalonitrile-based fluorophore and incorporated it into mesoporous silica nanoparticles. This encapsulation strategy significantly improved the stability and water-dispersibility of the otherwise hydrophobic coordination compound while preventing aggregation and enhancing its photophysical properties. Both the free molecule and its nanoparticle-encapsulated form were characterized, revealing high sensitivity to oxygen variations with the unique feature of self-referenced ratiometric readout. The sensor’s response was effectively measured at the single-particle level using photoluminescence microscopy, providing temporally and spatially resolved oxygen readouts. The versatility of the system was demonstrated across different experimental setups, including suspensions, solids, and agarose-embedded forms, highlighting is adaptability to a wide range of applications. This system holds significant promise for advanced oxygen monitoring, offering a reliable tool for high-resolution detection in complex environments with multiple orthogonal readouts. KW - Oxygen sensing KW - Ratiometric luminescence KW - Platinum (II) complex KW - Dual emitter probe KW - Mesoporous silica nanoprticles PY - 2026 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.5c00262 SN - 2771-9855 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 332 EP - 342 PB - American Chemical Society (ACS) AN - OPUS4-65689 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Suarez Ocano, Patricia T1 - Influence of heat-treatment-induced microstructural evolution on the Low Cycle Fatigue behavior of 316L stainless steel fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion N2 - Additive manufacturing, particularly the laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) process, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its ability to produce complex geometries with enhanced mechanical properties. Among the various materials used, 316L stainless steel is highly favored for cyclically loaded components due to its exceptional mechanical strength, high-temperature performance, and corrosion resistance, making it widely applicable across various industries. 316L SS fabricated by PBF-LB/M (PBF-LB/M/316L) exhibits a unique hierarchical microstructure, with high density of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs), nano-dispersed silicates, chemical micro-segregations, and solidification-induced cellular structures. Particularly, the submicron-sized cellular features enriched with chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo), along with high dislocation densities, contribute to a superior strength-ductility balance compared to conventionally manufactured 316L SS. The dispersed silicate particles act also as a strengthening phase, impeding dislocation movement and enhancing plastic deformation resistance. This study explores the effect of heat treatments on the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of PBF-LB/M/316L at room temperature (RT) and 600 °C. First, three heat treatment conditions were applied to the as-built material: 450 °C for 4 hours (HT450/4), 800 °C for 3 hours (HT800/3), and 900 °C for 1 hour (HT900/1) to investigate their influence on microstructural evolution. Microstructural analysis revealed that the HT450/4 condition preserved the cellular structure with high dislocation density, while the HT800/3 condition showed partial dissolution of cells together with reduction in segregated elements along the cell walls and a reduced dislocation density. The HT900/1 condition resulted in complete segregation and cellular structure dissolution with comparable dislocation density to HT800/3 while maintaining the crystallographic texture and grain morphology. Intermetallic χ phase was mostly observed at the grain boundaries in HT800/3, but not in HT900/1. Fully reversed LCF tests were conducted under strain-controlled conditions with a strain amplitude of 0.8 %. Tests were interrupted at specific intervals to analyze the interaction between hierarchical microstructural features and deformation mechanisms in the three heat-treated conditions. Due to the pronounced dislocation cell structures and elemental segregation, the microstructure of the HT450/4 condition significantly impact deformation and damage mechanisms during cyclic loading, which in turn, differ from the conventional produced counterparts. The results provide insights into the relationship between microstructural features and fatigue performance, highlighting key deformation and failure mechanisms under cyclic loading. T2 - FEMS 2025 EUROMAT 18th European Congress and Exhibition on Advanced Materials and Processes CY - Granada, Spain DA - 14.09.2025 KW - Additive manufacturing KW - 316L stainless steel KW - Heat treatments KW - Low Cycle Fatigue KW - Microstructure PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64238 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Agudo Jácome, Leonardo T1 - Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 at Room and High Temperature N2 - The nickel-base superalloy Inconel 718 (IN718) is one of the most commonly used Ni-based superalloys for high temperature structural applications for its remarkable strength, as well as creep, fatigue, and corrosion resistance up to 650 °C. While IN718 has traditionally been employed as cast or wrought material, it is difficult to machine because of its high strength and toughness. The additive manufacturing of IN718 components made by metal AM has thus gained extensive attention to produce expensive near-net shaped components of high-temperature alloys such as IN718, for it saves material and costs in processing and machining steps. Among all metal additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) is the most widespread, IN718 being one of the most common alloys produced with it. However, high cooling rates associated to the PBF-LB/M process, hinders the primary strengthening phases γ’’ and γ’ to form, as these cooling rates induce a dislocation cellular substructure, at which walls primary Laves phases bind segregating Nb, Ti and Mo. Many of the therefore needed heat-treatment strategies can then promote Laves-phase transformation into the stable δ phase along the cell and grain boundaries. Laves and δ phases, as well as grain-boundary primary carbides may have adverse effects on mechanical properties. The mostly needle-shaped δ phase was namely found to have a detrimental effect on creep rupture life while no direct effect on LCF fatigue life was evident. In this work room- and high-temperature (650 °C) low-cycle fatigue behavior of PBF-LB/M IN718 is investigated in the four-step heat-treated state and compared to wrought IN718. The microstructure of both materials is characterized across length scales via microscopy methods. The fatigue life at room temperature of the PBF-LB/M IN718 material is slightly lower than that for the wrought material, which is reversed at 650 °C. The cyclic stress response for both materials is marked by cyclic softening that is more pronounced at higher test temperatures. Multiple secondary cracks form at high strain amplitudes, at both room and high temperatures. High testing temperatures enhance specially crack formation at the transitions of regions between elongated grains and columns of stacked grains with ripple patterns in the PBF-LB/M material. Additional to this behavior, pronounced crack branching and deflection indicate that the cracks are controlled by sharp micromechanical gradients. T2 - EUROMAT 2025 CY - Granada, Spain DA - 14.09.2025 KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Low-cycle fatigue KW - Microstructural characterization KW - Ni-base superalloy PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64354 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fayis Kalady, Mohammed A1 - Schultz, Johannes A1 - Weinel, Kristina A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Lubk, Axel T1 - Geometry-dependent localization of surface plasmons on random gold nanoparticle assemblies N2 - Assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) support hybridized modes of localized surface plasmons (LSPs), which delocalize in geometrically well-ordered arrangements. Here, the hybridization behavior of LSPs in geometrically completely disordered two-dimensional arrangements of Au NPs fabricated by an e-beam synthesis method is studied. Employing electron energy loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope and numerical simulations, the disorder-driven spatial and spectral localization of the coupled LSP modes that depends on the NP thickness is revealed. Below a NP thickness of 0.4 nm, localization increases toward higher hybridized LSP mode energies. In comparison, above 10 nm thickness, a decrease of localization toward higher mode energies is observed. In the intermediate thickness regime, a transition of the energy dependence of the localization between the two limiting cases, exhibiting a mode energy with minimal localization, is observed. It is shown that this behavior is mainly driven by the energy and thickness dependence of the polarizability of the individual NPs. KW - Gold Nanoparticles KW - Surface plasmons KW - Electron enerdy loss spectroscopy (EELS) KW - scanning transmission electron microscopy PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-647230 DO - https://doi.org/10.1103/44nk-6bp2 SN - 2643-1564 VL - 7 IS - 043053 EP - 4 PB - American Physical Society AN - OPUS4-64723 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hickel, Tilmann A1 - Waske, Anja A1 - Tehranchi, Ali A1 - Bhattacharya, Biswajit A1 - Stawski, Tomasz M. A1 - Fellinger, Tim-Patrick A1 - Mehmood, Asad A1 - Witt, Julia A1 - Ozcan, Ozlem A1 - Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Kumar, Sourabh A1 - Mishra, Rajesh Kumar A1 - Holzer, Marco A1 - Stucchi de Camargo, Andrea Simone A1 - Agudo Jácome, Leonardo A1 - Manzoni, Anna A1 - Fantin, Andrea A1 - John, Elisabeth A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Bührig, Sophia A1 - Murugan, Jegatheesan A1 - Marschall, Niklas A1 - George, Janine A1 - Darvishi Kamachali, Reza A1 - Maaß, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - Chemically complex materials enable sustainable high-performance materials N2 - Chemically complex materials (CCMats) 􀀀 including high-entropy alloys, oxides, and related multi-principal element systems 􀀀 offer a paradigm shift in materials design by leveraging chemical diversity to simultaneously optimize functional, structural, and sustainability criteria. The vastness of the compositional and structural space in CCMats propels the field into an expanding exploratory state. To reconcile functional and structural performance across this immense parameter space remains an open challenge. This Perspective evaluates the opportunities and challenges associated with harnessing chemical complexity across a broad spectrum of applications, such as hydrogen storage, ionic conductors, catalysis, magnetics, dielectrics, semiconductors, optical materials, and multifunctional structural systems. It is delineated how three central design strategies: targeted substitution (SUB), defect engineering (DEF), and diversity management (DIV) enable the reconciliation of high functional performance with long-term structural stability and environmental responsibility. Advances in computational thermodynamics, microstructure simulations, machine learning, and multimodal characterization are accelerating the exploration and optimization of CCMats, while robust data infrastructures and automated synthesis workflows are emerging as essential tools for navigating their complex compositional space. By fostering cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer and embracing data-driven design, CCMats are poised to deliver next-generation materials solutions that address urgent technological, energy, and environmental demands. KW - Chemically complex materials KW - Structural stability KW - Functional performance KW - Design strategies KW - Sustainability PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655598 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359028626000033?via%3Dihub DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2026.101256 SN - 1359-0286 VL - 42 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-65559 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Battistella, Beatrice A1 - Revill, Adam A1 - Venzago, Cornel A1 - Hoffmann, Volker A1 - Agudo Jácome, Leonardo A1 - Al-Sabbagh, Dominik A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Abad, Carlos T1 - Depth-Resolved Lithium Isotope Fractionation as a Diagnostic of Interphase Evolution and Degradation in Lithium-Ion Batteries N2 - Lithium isotopic fractionation is well-established in dynamic geochemical systems; however, its role in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) remains uninvestigated. Herein, we report the first depth-resolved demonstration that isotopic separation occurs during Li-ion cell operation whose magnitude depends on the cycling history. Using depth-resolved glow discharge mass spectrometry, we monitored the 7Li/6Li ratio in LiNi0.333Mn0.333Co0.333O2 (NMC111)||graphite coin cell electrodes at defined life-cycle stages. Different charging rates were examined to get mechanistic insight into kinetic and thermodynamic control in the fractionation process. Although pristine electrodes exhibit a uniform isotopic ratio, cycled electrodes show a distinct 7Li enrichment in the positive electrode and a corresponding accumulation of 6Li at the surface of the negative electrode. The degree of isotopic separation varies with the charging rate. Isotopic signatures correlate with capacity fading, indicating lithium isotope mapping as a sensitive diagnostic tool for tracking electrode degradation and the evolution of the electrode–electrolyte interphases in LIBs. KW - Lithium-Ion Battery KW - Li Isotopes KW - Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry GD-MS PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657229 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c0413737 SN - 2380-8195 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 2851 EP - 2857 PB - ACS Publications AN - OPUS4-65722 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Miliute, Aiste T1 - How experimental and computational methods allow us to design negative thermal expansion materials N2 - Combined experimental and computational methods allow a comprehensive understanding, design, and tailoring of material properties. We focus on a well-known negative thermal expansion (NTE) material, zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7), and address its synthesis, characterisation, and computational validation of results. Experimental and computational X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy data highlighted differences between phase-pure and multiphase ceramics. The total-scattering method enabled us to distinguish subtle differences in the material's structure. Based on ab initio simulated phonon data, we could interpret the Raman spectra, visualise Raman-active atomic vibrations, and gain deeper insight into the local structure. Computational models provided deeper insight and enabled further experimental improvements, while high-quality experimental data validated and improved the computational simulation strategy. T2 - CATS Special Guests III CY - Urcuqui, Ecuador DA - 06.03.2026 KW - NTE KW - Ab initio KW - PDF KW - Raman KW - XRD PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65714 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Engelking, Lorenz A1 - Madia, Mauro A1 - Schröpfer, Dirk A1 - Kruse, Julius A1 - Saliwan Neumann, Romeo A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas T1 - Influence of Ultrasonic-Assisted Milling on Surface Integrity and Fatigue Strength of a Low Alloy Steel N2 - The milling process significantly influences the surface integrity of metallic components through machining induced near surface residual stresses. Modern hybrid machining processes, such as ultrasonic-assisted milling (USAM), offer the potential to induce beneficial near-surface compressive residual stresses compared to the near-surface tensile residual stresses typically resulting from conventional milling (CM). This study investigates the effects of USAM compared to CM on the near-surface residual stress state and fatigue performance of a S355J2C low-alloy steel. Milling experiments and subsequent rotating bending tests revealed that USAM significantly reduces cutting force by approximately 45% and induces near-surface compressive re sidual stresses as low as −733MPa. This leads to a significant improvement in fatigue strength estimated in approximately 34% compared to polished specimens and 11% compared to the CM. These findings highlight the potential of USAM to enhance the fatigue performance of components made of steel. KW - Fatigue strength KW - Residual stress KW - Surface integrity KW - Surface roughness KW - Ultrasonic-assisted milling PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657358 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.70259 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-65735 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Suarez Ocano, Patricia T1 - Effect of the powder composition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM) has seen rapid growth in recent decades, with Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) emerging as the leading technique for producing high-density, geometrically complex metal parts. Austenitic stainless steel 316L is one of the most studied alloys for PBF-LB/M due to its excellent strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance [1]. The microstructure formed during PBF-LB/M processing can improve certain mechanical properties compared to conventionally manufactured 316L [2]. However, the current 316L standards allow broad ranges for key alloying elements, particularly Cr and Ni. While such variations have little effect on conventionally produced alloys, emerging evidence shows that they can markedly alter the microstructure and mechanical properties in PBF-LB/316L—even within specification limits [3]. This study investigates through microstructural and thermodynamical assessment, how two powders of nominally standard 316L composition (Alloys A and B) respond to identical PBF-LB/M processing parameters. Despite identical printing conditions, Alloy A exhibited twice the grain size and five times higher low-angle grain boundary (LAGB) density compared to Alloy B . Conversely, Alloy B showed a significantly higher density of Σ3 twin boundaries, nearly absent in Alloy A. These microstructural differences are attributed primarily to variations in Cr and Ni content in the liquid, which may influence icosahedral short-range ordering (ISRO) mechanism [4]. ISRO potentially facilitates twin boundary formation, ultimately refining grain structure [5]. This work highlights the critical impact of compositional control on final part microstructures and consequent mechanical properties and emphasizes the need to reassess compositional tolerances for AM-specific applications. T2 - 5th Symposium on Materials and Additive Manufacturing (Additive 2026) CY - Kassel, Germany DA - 24.03.2026 KW - Additive manufacturing KW - 316L stainless steel KW - Chemical composition KW - Lcosahedral short-range ordering mechanism KW - Grain size PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65738 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miliūtė, Aistė T1 - Synthesis and phase purity of the negative thermal expansion material ZrV2O7 N2 - This repository contains computational and experimental data for the manuscript titled “Synthesis and phase purity of the negative thermal expansion material ZrV2O7”. KW - NTE KW - Sol-gel KW - Solid-state KW - Ab-initio KW - XRD KW - Raman PY - 2024 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12688634 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-61360 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Raute, J. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Bhadeliya, A. A1 - Rehmer, B. A1 - Olbricht, J. A1 - Jokisch, T. A1 - Biegler, M. A1 - Rethmeier, M. T1 - Investigation on seam quality and fatigue crack propagation in electron beam welded additive manufactured Inconel 939 N2 - Laser powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) offers great potential for the production of new and spare parts for stationary gas turbines made of nickel superalloys such as Inconel 939 (IN939). In order to enable integration into existing assemblies and overcome design limitations, the additive manufacturing process chain must be expanded by suitable joining techniques. This study compares the electron beam welding of cast IN939 sheets and sheets produced additively using PBF-LB/M. The investigation focuses on the achievable seam quality with regard to geometric irregularities and internal defects in the form of liquation cracks on the microscale in the heat-affected zone. The evaluation of the welded samples shows no differences in the formation of the seam shape between the additively manufactured material and the cast material. For both materials, the highest quality category for beam-welded seams according to DIN EN ISO 13,919–1 was achieved at high welding speeds of 20 mm/s. Regardless of the manufacturing method, both materials show an increase in crack formation with increasing welding speed. However, due to its microstructure, the PBF-LB/M material exhibits significantly fewer microcracks overall. Final crack propagation tests on welded PBF-LB/M samples that were treated using HIP also show stable crack growth without sudden failure, which opens up potential for practical application. KW - Electron beam welding KW - Inconel 939 KW - PBF-LB/M KW - Liquation cracking KW - Fatigue crack propagation PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2026.100389 SN - 2666-3309 VL - 13 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-65701 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ibrahim, Ahmed A. S. A1 - Bochmann, Arne A1 - Löhnert, Romy A1 - Mieller, Björn A1 - Wilde, Lutz A1 - Capraro, Beate A1 - Stelter, Michael A1 - Töpfer, Jörg T1 - Performance Enhancement of Ca3Co4O9‐based Transverse Multilayer Thermoelectric Generators for Low‐Power Applications N2 - Transverse thermoelectric generators (TTEG) enable conversion of thermal into electrical energy with perpendicular directions of the applied temperature gradient and the induced thermoelectric voltage. We report on the fabrication of transverse multilayer thermoelectric generators (TMLTEG) based on p‐type Ca3Co4O9 (CCO) ceramic tapes and printed silver which were conventionally sintered (CS) in air at 920°C or using pressure‐assisted sintering (PAS) at 920°C and 1.5 MPa. The thermoelectric performance of TMLTEGs was evaluated using analytical calculations and simulations. The transverse thermoelectric power factor and thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit of an artificial layered structure composed of CCO and silver were calculated and simulated as functions of layers tilt angle φ and metal‐to‐ceramic thickness ratio. TMLTEG devices with various CCO layer thicknesses of 150 µm, 100 µm, or 33 µm were fabricated and cofired at 920°C in air, which exhibit power outputs of 2.3 mW, 3.2 mW, and 4.1 mW at ΔT = 160 K, respectively. TMLTEGs which were cofired using PAS show a higher power density of 16.4 mW/cm3 at ΔT = 225 K. This enhancement in power (≈ 80%) is crucial for thermoelectric modules comprising multiple TMLTEG devices. The device measurements were compared with 3D simulations. KW - Ceramic multilayer KW - Thermoelectric generator KW - Pressure-assisted sintering PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657868 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70656 SN - 0002-7820 VL - 109 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Wiley Periodicals LLC. AN - OPUS4-65786 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riechers, Birte A1 - Pekin, Thomas C. A1 - Luo, Xin-Yu A1 - Sun, Yonghao A1 - Koch, Christoph T. A1 - Derlet, Peter M. A1 - Maaß, Robert T1 - Spatial distribution and connectivity of medium-range order signatures in a metallic glass probed with simulated and experimental 4DSTEM N2 - challenge. Here, we assess the statistical signature of local diffraction symmetries and their spatial distribution obtained with transmission electron microscopy in both experimentally cast Pd-based MGs and simulated binary model glasses. A detailed analysis of diffraction symmetries from the model glass shows that microstructural coarsening is dominated by icosahedra and Frank–Kasper polyhedra. While symmetries for these motifs are less significant for the laboratory-cast Pd-based glass, clear signatures of symmetry-cluster coarsening as a function of relaxation state are observed in both experiments and simulations, without any indications for crystallization. These findings give support for a qualitatively similar evolution of a glassy microstructure at the medium-range order length scale during glass relaxation. KW - Metallic glass KW - TEM KW - Molecular dynamics simulations KW - Glass structure PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657772 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186631 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 1058 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-65777 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Avila Calderon, Luis Alexander T1 - On the role of the manufacturing-induced cell structure in laser-powder-bed-fused stainless steel 316L during cyclic plastic deformation N2 - The room temperature cyclic plastic deformation behavior of stainless steel 316L produced by laser powder bed fusion and heat treated to two microstructural conditions was investigated in strain-controlled incremental-step-test low-cycle fatigue experiments. The heat treatments were performed at 450 °C for 4 h and at 900 °C for 1 h. The lower temperature heat treatment retains the cell structure present in the as-built material. The higher temperature heat treatment leads to disappearance of the cell structure and a decreased proof strength. Both investigated heat treatment conditions exhibited cyclic softening. In the condition heat treated at 900 °C for 1 h, the ability of the cell structure to act as barrier against plastic deformation when cyclically strained is degraded, which is reflected in the reduction of the cyclic yield strength. In that same condition, the cyclic softening was less pronounced. The presence or absence of the manufacturing-induced cell structure seems to determine the slip mode. When present, the microstructural evidence points to a planar slip behavior. After heat treatment at 900 °C for 1 h, which led to its dissolution, microstructural investigations revealed a wavy slip behavior, which has been also reported for the conventionally manufactured 316L counterpart [1]. In this case, the formation of low-energy dislocation structures acts as softening agent. T2 - Additive Manufacturing 2026 CY - Kassel, Germany DA - 25.03.2026 KW - AGIL KW - Additive Fertigung KW - Low-Cycle-Fatigue KW - 316L KW - Mikrostruktur PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65746 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaeß, Carsten A1 - Boccaccini, Aldo R. A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - CuO nanocrystal formation during sintering of Cu-doped bioactive silicate glass powder surfaces N2 - CuO nanocrystals were found to grow on polished, fractured, and glass powder particle surfaces of the copper-doped bioactive glass BG F3-Cu (44.8 SiO2–2.5 P2O3–35.5 CaO–6.6 Na2O–6.6 K2O–3 CaF2–1 CuO; mol%). Our results indicate that this CuO formation is driven by an inhibited Cu+/Cu2+ redox equilibrium. Since Cu2+ (CuO) is unstable during melting, a Cu+ (Cu2O) excess is frozen during cooling. Due to the limited oxygen availability, Cu + diffuses to the surface to get oxidized to Cu2+. Such oxidation, however, also occurs close beneath the melt surface during casting. As this reduces the CuO formation driving force, no CuO was found on the as-cast glass surface. The large low-temperature driving force of Cu oxidation also explains why CuO nanocrystals can easily grow during prolonged annealing well below the onset of the dominating surface crystallization of combeite during heating at 10 K/min. The minor influence of CuO surface crystal formation on sintering and overall crystallization allows for its control largely independent of the achievable densification and phase composition of the sintered BG compacts. KW - Bioactive glass KW - Copper oxide KW - surface crystals PY - 2026 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.03.017 SN - 0272-8842 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-65764 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -