TY - CONF
A1 - Koerdt, Andrea
T1 - The impact and potential of halophilic microorganisms on alternative fuels
N2 - As more industrial interests focusing on using salt caverns and repurposed gas or petroleum reservoirs for alternative fuel storage, i.e. CO2/H2, the question raises whether microorganisms may impact the infrastructure, gas purity and storage condition over time.
Environments with high salinity (> 1.5 Meq of NaCl) are resided by halophiles (salt-loving microorganisms). To compensate for the intensive osmotic stress, they have resorted to two main adaptation strategies: 1) production of compatible solutes and 2) accumulation of intracellular KCl. Microbial community analysis of several high salinity environments revealed a number of recurring genera, including Halomonas and Halanaerobium. However, the impact of halophiles on the overall integrity and stability of the storage facilities remain largely unknown.
To evaluate the suitability and stability of saline storage facilities, several model halophilic microorganisms, such as members of Halomonas, will be selected as testing subjects. First, the impact of halophiles on the infrastructure will be determined using an integrative approach by combining a number of techniques, including electrochemistry, TOF-SIMS, SEM/FIB/EDS and FIB-TEM. Second, the abilities of halophiles to alter the fuel composition (i.e. increase/decrease the fractions of H2) will be monitored using gas chromatography by growing them under high pressure.
As a result of climate change and the accompanying mandatory shift to renewable energy resources, microorganisms will continue to play an important role in the energy sector, both to their benefit and detriment. Thus, it is important to achieve a certain level of understanding regarding the activities and mechanisms of halophiles prior to large-scaled excursions.
T2 - ISMOS-8
CY - Online meeting
DA - 07.06.2021
KW - Microbiologically influenced corrosion
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Gas storage
KW - Contamination
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-52891
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Marschall, Niklas
A1 - Murugan, Jegatheesan
A1 - Darvishi Kamachali, Reza
T1 - Incorporating elasticity into the thermodynamics and phase diagrams of multi-component systems
N2 - Elastic energy plays a critical role in determining phase stability in compositionally complex alloys. However, quantifying elastic contributions in multi-component systems and incorporating them into phase diagram construction remain challenging. In this study, we present a generalized elastic energy formalism tailored for multi-component alloys, which can be directly and efficiently integrated with CALPHAD thermodynamic databases and existing frameworks such as Thermo-Calc (Andersson et al., 2002), Pandat (Cao et al., 2009) or FactSage (Bale et al., 2016). This elasticity formalism can also be introduced as a post-processing layer in open-source software such as pyCALPHAD (Otis and Liu, 2017) and Kawin (Ury et al., 2023) , enabling elastic assessments in multi-component systems. We apply our framework for constructing the phase diagram of quinary Fe–Mn–Ni–Co–Cu alloy system, utilizing convex hull and Hessian matrix under elastic considerations. Our results reveal that incorporating elastic energy leads to an expansion of both the spinodal region and the miscibility gap. These are governed by the intricate interplay of chemical and elastic driving forces: We found that Mn and Ni contribute strongly to chemical stabilization, while Cu and Co tend to destabilize the alloy, especially at low Mn concentrations. The stabilizing effect of Fe is also pronounced in Mn-deficient regions. Acting as a destabilizing factor, the elastic energy is primarily driven by the presence of Mn, underscoring its multifaceted role in thermodynamic stability. In Mn-rich compositions, Cu markedly reduces the elastic energy contribution. Combined with CALPHAD infrastructures, the current framework offers a practical pathway to improve the predictive accuracy of phase stability and transformations in complex multi-component alloys.
KW - Elastic energy
KW - HEA
KW - CALPHAD
KW - Elastic spinodal
KW - Elastic miscibility gap
KW - Elastic phase diagram
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-643339
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102546
SN - 2589-1529
VL - 44
SP - 1
EP - 18
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam, Niederlande
AN - OPUS4-64333
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zhou, X.
A1 - Darvishi Kamachali, Reza
A1 - Boyce, B.L.
A1 - Clark, B.G.
A1 - Raabe, D.
A1 - Thompson, G.B.
T1 - Spinodal Decomposition in Nanocrystalline Alloys
N2 - For more than half a century, spinodal decomposition has been a key phenomenon in considering the formation of secondary phases in alloys. The most prominent aspect of the spinodal phenomenon is the lack of an energy barrier on its transformation pathway, offering an alternative to the nucleation and growth mechanism. The classical description of spinodal decomposition often neglects the influence of defects, such as grain boundaries, on the transformation because the innate ability for like-atoms to cluster is assumed to lead the process. Nevertheless, in nanocrystalline alloys, with a high population of grain boundaries with diverse characters, the structurally heterogeneous landscape can greatly influence the chemical decomposition behavior. Combining atom-probe tomography, precession electron diffraction and density-based phase-field simulations, we address how grain boundaries contribute to the temporal evolution of chemical decomposition within the miscibility gap of a Pt-Au nanocrystalline system. We found that grain boundaries can actually have their own miscibility gaps profoundly altering the spinodal decomposition in nanocrystalline alloys. A complex realm of multiple interfacial states, ranging from competitive grain boundary segregation to barrier-free low-dimensional interfacial decomposition, occurs with a dependency upon the grain boundary character.
KW - Density-based Thermodynamics
KW - Nanocrystalline alloys
KW - Spinodal decomposition
KW - Defects engineering
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117054
VL - 215
SP - 117054
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-52918
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arai, Marylyn Setsuko
A1 - Machado, Thales Rafael
A1 - da Silva, Beatriz Giacomelli Rodrigues
A1 - Vilela, Raquel Riciati do Couto
A1 - de Camargo, Andrea Simone Stucchi
A1 - Zucolotto, Valtencir
T1 - Biomimetic Upconverting Nanoplatforms for Glioblastoma Bioimaging and Targeted Therapy
N2 - Infectious bacterial diseases, intensified by antibiotic resistance, cause millions of deaths annually and pose risks beyond human health, including water and food contamination. Current diagnostics are often slow, require complex equipment, and lack specificity, highlighting the need for rapid and reliable detection methods. To address this, we developed a luminescent sensor based on NaYF4 upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) doped with Er3+ or Tm3+, coated with COOH-PEG4-COOH, and functionalized with vancomycin (Van) or polymyxin-B (Poly) to selectively target Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) served as quenchers, enabling a ratiometric “turn-on” mechanism: upon bacterial binding, the UCNP emission, initially quenched by AuNPs, was partially restored. This allowed differentiation through changes in the green/red (G/R) ratio for Er-UCNP@PEG4-Van and the blue/red (B/R) ratio for Tm-UCNP@PEG4-Poly. The sensor distinguished between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria over a wide concentration range (0.05 to 5 × 105 CFU/mL) and showed high correlation with actual bacterial counts (r = 0.99 for S. aureus, r = 0.91 for E. coli). This platform is a potential fast, selective, and reliable tool for bacterial detection in clinical and environmental settings.
KW - Glioblastoma
KW - Homotypic targeting
KW - Cell membrane coating
KW - Upconverting nanoparticles
KW - Temozolamide
KW - Near infrared bioimaging
KW - Drug delivery
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-652808
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c04567
SN - 2574-0970
VL - 10
IS - 39
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - American Chemical Society (ACS)
AN - OPUS4-65280
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - de Camargo, Andrea
A1 - Arai, Marylyn Setsuko
T1 - Upconversion nanoparticles for chemical, physical and biological sensing: from functionalization to point-of-care devices
N2 - Among several applications, versatile upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) which can convert lower-energy infrared radiation into higher-energy visible or ultraviolet light, have emerged as one of the most powerful tools in the field of chemical, physical and biological sensing. The use of UCNPs in fluorescent sensors allows non-invasive, highly sensitive, and selective detection methods, which are particularly beneficial in environments requiring minimal interference and high precision for analytes that can range from metal ions to biomolecules. In this lecture, an overview and the state of the art will be given, accompanied by examples of our recent contributions to key areas such as chronic disease diagnostics, bacterial sensing, and multifunctionally responsive nanoplatforms: (1) An Enhanced Luminescence Lateral-Flow Assay (ELLA) designed for rapid (< 15 min) and early detection of acute kidney injury biomarkers in urine samples, using a commercial cell phone camera, will be presented. The platform is based on Er³⁺- and Tm³⁺-doped UCNPs whose emissions intensities are 40-fold enhanced by an Au-coated mesoporous silica shell, enabling the accurate detection of KIM-1 and NGAL biomarkers with detection limits as low as 0.23 ng/mL; (2) Also, a multifunctional nanoplatform that combines Tm³⁺-doped UCNPs with a Cu(I) complex for applications in oxygen sensing, optical thermometry, and emission colour tuning will be presented. The platform utilizes Luminescent Resonance Energy Transfer (LRET) to achieve efficient energy transfer, enabling red emission from the Cu(I) complex while allowing the use of the UCNP’s original emissions for thermometry. The dual functionality allows sensitive O2 detection and temperature measurements, with relative sensitivities of up to 1% K⁻¹; (3) The critical challenge of rapid bacterial detection and differentiation was addressed by the development of a novel UCNP-based sensor. By functionalizing UCNPs with the antibiotics - vancomycin for Gram-(+) and polymyxin-B for Gram-(-), and using Au nanoparticles as intensity quenchers, the sensor leverages a ratiometric "turn-on" mechanism for selective detection of the bacteria, through changes in the green/red (G/R) ratio for Er-UCNP@PEG4-Van, and blue/red (B/R) ratio for Tm-UCNP@PEG4-Poly. By this approach, differentiation was possible over a wide concentration range of bacteria (0.05 to 5 x 105 CFU/mL) with high correlation with actual bacterial counts (r = 0.99 for S. aureus, r = 0.91 for E. coli); (4) Recently, we have demonstrated a water dispersable ratiometric pH-nanosensor based on host-guest interaction of Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped UCNPs functionalized with b-cyclodextrin (b-CD) and a pH-responsive nitrobenzoxadiazol dye modified with adamantane (NBD-Ad). The sensor shows a ratiometric emission response (blue/red) over a pH range of 8.0 – 11.0 with high reproducibility, excellent reusability and selectivity, even in the presence of interferents. Together, the presented examples highlight the versatility and potential of UCNPs to develop novel sensors, offering measurable advances in diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and beyond.
T2 - Shift2025 - Spectral shaping for biomedical and energy applications
CY - Tenerife, Spain
DA - 13.10.2025
KW - Upconverting nanoparticles
KW - Fluorescent sensors
KW - Point-of-care devices
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-65282
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - de Camargo, Andrea
T1 - Enhanced emission of Nd3+ by localized silver nanocluster growth via direct laser writing in Ga-fluoride phosphate glasses
N2 - Gallium fluoride phosphate glasses are promising materials for optical applications in the visible to near infrared spectra due to their wide transmission window and ability to accommodate optically active dopants. In this study, melt quenched glasses in the compositional system 25Ga(PO₃)₃–20ZnF₂–30BaF₂–(25–x–y)SrF₂–xAgNO₃–yNdF₃ (x = 0 -10 mol%, y = 0 or 1 mol%) were studied and fully characterized by conventional and spectroscopic techniques to understand the interaction of silver species and Nd³⁺ ions. In Ag+ doped samples, the observation of a broad emission band in the visible spectrum evidences the overlapping presence of Ag⁺, Ag nanoclusters (NCs), and [Ag₂]²⁺ species. In the sample doped with 10 mol% Ag⁺, the development of a dark yellow color and alterations in the emission profile suggest the formation of Ag nanoparticles. In an attempt to control and increase the formation of Ag nanoclusters in a localized way, the glasses with 3 and 5 mol% Ag+ were subjected to direct laser writing (DLW) with femtosecond laser pulses at variable inscription intensities and scan speeds. As expected, the approach led to localized growth of Ag-NCs with precise spatial control and as a consequence, the Nd³⁺ emissions in the NIR region (e.g. at1060 nm) were significantly enhanced in laser-structured regions as compared to unmodified areas, evidencing efficient energy transfer from silver species to Nd³⁺ ions. These results demonstrate that DLW, applied for the first time in these glasses, enables precise spatial control over silver nanocluster formation, offering a viable route to process optical glasses for photonic applications.
T2 - XXIII - B-MRS Meeting
CY - Salvador, Brazil
DA - 28.09.2025
KW - Fluoride phosphate glasses
KW - Direct laser writting
KW - Neodymium
KW - Silver nanoclusters
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-65281
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Shasmal, Nilanjana
T1 - Effects of Direct femtosecond laser writing on chloroborosilicate glasses doped with Eu3+/Eu2+ and CdS quantum dots
N2 - Femtosecond (fs) direct laser writing (DLW) is a promising technique for developing nano-inhomogeneous materials with advanced optical properties and for fabricating novel photonic devices such as integrated waveguides, ultrafast optical switches, phase plates, and 3D optical memory. In this study, DLW was applied to chloroborosilicate glasses that were singly and co-doped with Eu and CdS quantum dots (QDs). The glasses were laser-treated within a very narrow range of experimental conditions, resulting in laser-inscribed sites exhibiting enhanced emission, similar to the glass-ceramics crystallized from the as-prepared glass. In the regions crystalized by DLW a significant reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ was verified by photoluminescence spectroscopy. However, the characteristics of the emission bands of Eu2+ changed markedly in the laser-treated sites as compared to the emission spectra of the same glass crystallized by heat treatment. A considerable redshift and splitting of the emission band were observed, attributed to changes in the surrounding environment of the rare earth (RE) ions which was, in turn, attributed to an alteration in the coordination number of Ba2 + and/or Eu2+ as a result of the high-power laser treatment. Although there was an issue with homogeneity of the glass in the micro-level, which restricts some of the aspects of the DLW, these findings suggest the potential for structural modifications through laser treatment, which could be harnessed to create new functionalities for advanced optical applications.
T2 - ICG 2025 (27th International Congress on Glass)
CY - Kolkata, India
DA - 20.01.2025
KW - Femtosecond direct laser writing
KW - DLW
KW - CdS quantum dots
KW - Eu/CdS co-doped glass
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-65285
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Eddah, Mustapha
T1 - Multi-Energy High Dynamic Range (HDR) Synchrotron X-ray Computed Tomography applied to LTCC samples
N2 - Synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (SXCT) is regularly used in materials science to correlate structural properties with macroscopic properties and to optimize manufacturing processes. The X-ray beam energy must be adapted to the sample properties, such as size and density. If both strongly and weakly absorbing materials are present, the contrast to the weakly absorbing materials is lost, resulting in image artifacts and a poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). One particular example is a low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC), in which metal connections are embedded in a ceramic matrix and form 3-dimensional conducting structures. This article describes a method of combining SXCT scans acquired at different beam energies, significantly reducing metal artifacts, and improving image quality. We show how to solve the difficult task of merging the scans at low and high beam energy. Our proposed merging approach achieves up to 35 % improvement in SNR within ceramic regions adjacent to metallic conductors. In this way, previously inaccessible regions within the ceramic structure close to the metallic conductors are made accessible.
T2 - iCT 2026
CY - Linz, Austria
DA - 10.02.2026
KW - Synchrotron x-ray CT
KW - Reconstruction algorithm
KW - Low-Temperature cofired ceramics
KW - Data merging
PY - 2026
AN - OPUS4-65583
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Eddah, Mustapha
T1 - Multi-Energy High Dynamic Range (HDR) Synchrotron X-ray Computed Tomography applied to LTCC samples
N2 - Synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (SXCT) is regularly used in materials science to correlate structural properties with macroscopic properties and to optimize manufacturing processes. The X-ray beam energy must be adapted to the sample properties, such as size and density. If both strongly and weakly absorbing materials are present, the contrast to the weakly absorbing materials is lost, resulting in image artifacts and a poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). One example is a low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC), in which metal connections are embedded in a ceramic matrix and form 3-dimensional conducting structures. This article describes a method of combining SXCT scans acquired at different beam energies, significantly reducing metal artifacts, and improving image quality. We show how to solve the difficult task of merging the scans at low and high beam energy. Our proposed merging approach achieves up to 35% improvement in SNR within ceramic regions adjacent to metallic conductors. In this way, previously inaccessible regions within the ceramic structure close to the metallic conductors are made accessible.
T2 - iCT 2026
CY - Linz, Austria
DA - 10.02.2026
KW - Synchrotron x-ray CT
KW - Multi-energy CT
KW - Low-Temperature cofired ceramics
PY - 2026
AN - OPUS4-65586
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - WójciaK, K.
A1 - Tokarski, T.
A1 - Cios, G.
A1 - Winkelmann, A.
A1 - Chulist, R.
A1 - Nolze, G.
T1 - Unconventional Applications of Electron Backscattering Diffraction (EBSD) in Metallic Materials
N2 - Electron backscattered diffraction is widely used for phase and orientation imaging of crystalline specimens. Despite the inherent complexity of diffraction images, current analysis methodologies typically focus on the position of Kikuchi bands or direct comparisons between experimental and simulated patterns. These approaches require prior knowledge of the phases to be analyzed, limiting their applicability in certain scenarios. This paper introduces an alternative methodology, crystallographic analysis of lattice metric, which extracts phase and orientation information directly from the registered diffraction pattern without requiring predefined standards. The paper outlines the methodology, discusses limitations, and demonstrates possible application in phase analysis, lattice parameter ratio mapping, and qualitative lattice distortion mapping.
KW - EBSD
KW - Virtual dark-field imaging
KW - Lattice distortion
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-656014
DO - https://doi.org/10.24425/amm.2025.156241
VL - 70
IS - 4
SP - 1619
EP - 1626
AN - OPUS4-65601
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Miliūtė, Aistė
A1 - Bustamante, Joana
A1 - Karafiludis, Stephanos
A1 - Zöllner, Moritz
A1 - Eddah, Mustapha
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
A1 - Mieller, Björn
A1 - George, Janine
A1 - Stawski, Tomasz M.
T1 - Synthesis and phase purity of the negative thermal expansion material ZrV2O7
N2 - Synthesis of pure, homogeneous, and reproducible materials is key for the comprehensive understanding, design, and tailoring of material properties. In this study, we focus on the synthesis of ZrV2O7, a material known for its negative thermal expansion properties. We investigate the influence of solid-state and wet chemistry synthesis methods on the purity and homogeneity of ZrV2O7 samples. Our findings indicate that different synthesis methods significantly impact the material's characteristics. The solid-state reaction provided high-purity material through extended milling time and repeated calcination cycles, while the sol-gel reaction enabled a “near-atomic” level of mixing and, therefore, homogenous phase-pure ZrV2O7. We confirmed purity via X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, highlighting differences between phase-pure and multiphase ceramics. These analytical techniques allowed us to distinguish subtle differences in the structure of the material. Based on ab initio simulated phonon data, we were able to interpret the Raman spectra and visualise Raman active atom vibrations. We show that phase purity enables the unbiased characterisation of material properties such as negative thermal expansion.
KW - NTE
KW - Sol-gel
KW - Solid-state
KW - Ab-initio
KW - XRD
KW - Raman
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-624013
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc04095c
SN - 2050-7534
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
AN - OPUS4-62401
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Ruehle, Bastian
T1 - A Self-Driving Lab for Nano and Advanced Materials Synthesis in a Self-Driving Lab
N2 - In this contribution, we present our Self-Driving Lab (SDL) for Nano and Advanced Materials, that integrates robotics for batched autonomous synthesis – from molecular precursors to fully purified nanomaterials – with automated characterization and data analysis, for a complete and reliable nanomaterial synthesis workflow. By fully automating the processing steps for seven different materials from five representative, completely different classes of nano- and advanced materials (metal, metal oxide, silica, metal organic framework, and core–shell particles) that follow different reaction mechanisms, we demonstrate the great versatility and flexibility of the platform. The system also exhibits high modularity and adaptability in terms of reaction scales and incorporates in-line characterization measurement of hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential, and optical properties (absorbance, fluorescence). We discuss the excellent reproducibility of the various materials synthesized on the platform in terms of particle size and size distribution, and the adaptability and modularity that allows access to a diverse set of nanomaterial classes.
We also present several key aspects of the central backend that orchestrates the (parallelized) syntheses workflows. One key feature is the resource management or “traffic control” for scheduling and executing parallel reactions in a multi-threaded environment. Another is the interface with data analysis algorithms from in-line, at-line, and off-line measurements. Here, we will give examples of how automatic image segmentation of electron microscopy images with the help of AI can be used for reducing the “data analysis bottleneck” from an off-line measurement. We will also discuss various machine learning (ML) algorithms that are currently implemented in the backend and can be used for ML-guided, closed-loop material optimization in our SDL. Lastly, we will show our recent efforts in making the workflow generation on SDLs more user-friendly by using large language models to generate executable workflows automatically from synthesis procedures given in natural language and user-friendly graphical user interfaces based on node editors that also allow for knowledge graph extraction from the workflows. In this context, we are currently also working on a common description or ontology for representing the process steps and parameters of the workflows, which will greatly facilitate the semantic description and interoperability of workflows between different SDL hardware and software platforms.
T2 - Series on Digitalisation-Meet the Experts | Special Topic: Automation
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 27.02.2026
KW - Self-Driving Labs
KW - Materials Acceleration Platforms
KW - Advanced Materials
KW - Nanomaterials
KW - Automation
KW - Digitalization
PY - 2026
AN - OPUS4-65604
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dudziak, Mateusz
A1 - Riechers, Birte
A1 - Maaß, Robert
A1 - Michalchuk, Adam
A1 - Schönhals, Andreas
A1 - Szymoniak, Paulina
T1 - Beyond conventional calorimetry: Unlocking thermal characterization with fast scanning techniques
N2 - Fast scanning calorimetry (FSC) has emerged as a transformative technique in thermal analysis, enabling the investigation of rapid and kinetically driven thermal transitions that are inaccessible to conventional differential scanning calorimetry. This review highlights the capabilities enabled by FSC for studying a wide range of materials under extreme thermal conditions, including polymers, pharmaceuticals, metallic glasses, nanocomposites, and hydrogels. By employing ultrafast heating and cooling rates, FSC allows for the suppression of crystallization, resolution of weak transitions, and analysis of thermally labile or size-limited samples. The technique is particularly valuable for probing glass transitions, relaxation phenomena, and phase behavior in systems with complex morphologies or confined geometries. Case studies demonstrate the use of FSC in characterizing vitrification, physical aging, and interfacial dynamics, as well as its application in emerging fields such as additive manufacturing, supramolecular systems, and neuromorphic materials. Together, these examples underscore the role that FSC plays in advancing the understanding of structure-property relationships across diverse material classes.
KW - Flash DSC
KW - Calorimetry
KW - Glass transition
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-647405
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2025.180177
VL - 754
SP - 1
EP - 14
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-64740
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Miliūtė, Aistė
ED - Bustamante, Joana
ED - Karafiludis, Stephanos
ED - Zöllner, Moritz
ED - Eddah, Mustapha
ED - Emmerling, Franziska
ED - Mieller, Björn
ED - George, Janine
ED - Stawski, Tomasz
T1 - Synthesis and phase purity of the negative thermal expansion material ZrV2O7
N2 - Synthesis of pure, homogeneous, and reproducible materials is key for the comprehensive understanding, design, and tailoring of material properties. In this study, we focus on the synthesis of ZrV2O7, a material known for its negative thermal expansion properties. We investigate the influence of solid-state and wet chemistry synthesis methods on the purity and homogeneity of ZrV2O7 samples. Our findings indicate that different synthesis methods significantly impact the material's characteristics. The solid-state reaction provided high-purity material through extended milling time and repeated calcination cycles, while the sol-gel reaction enabled a “near-atomic” level of mixing and, therefore, homogenous phase-pure ZrV2O7. We confirmed purity via X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, highlighting differences between phase-pure and multiphase ceramics. These analytical techniques allowed us to distinguish subtle differences in the structure of the material. Based on ab initio simulated phonon data, we were able to interpret the Raman spectra and visualise Raman active atom vibrations. We show that phase purity enables the unbiased characterisation of material properties such as negative thermal expansion.
KW - NTE
KW - Sol-gel
KW - Solid-state
KW - Ab-initio
KW - XRD
KW - Raman
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613643
DO - https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2024-d4sj9
SN - 2573-2293
VL - 2024
SP - 1
EP - 60
PB - American Chemical Society
CY - Washington, D.C.
AN - OPUS4-61364
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Coburger, Peter
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
A1 - Abbenseth, Josh
T1 - Combining geometric constraint and redox non-innocence within an ambiphilic PBiP pincer ligand
N2 - The first pincer ligand featuring a strictly T-shaped pnictogen donor moiety was synthesised. The PBiP ligand's redox activity facilitates unprecedented ambiphilic bonding of the Bi centre with transition metals through the Bi(6p) orbital.
KW - EXAFS
KW - Pincer Ligand
KW - Group 15 metals
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-611113
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SC00197D
SN - 2041-6520
SP - 1
EP - 8
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
AN - OPUS4-61111
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Miliūtė, Aistė
T1 - How experimental and computational methods allow us to design negative thermal expansion materials
N2 - Combined experimental and computational methods allow comprehensive understanding, design, and tailoring of material properties. We focus on a well-known negative thermal expansion (NTE) material, zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7), and address synthesis, characterisation and validation of results with computational simulations. Experimental and computational X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy data highlighted differences between phase-pure and multiphase ceramics. These techniques allowed us to distinguish subtle differences in the structure of the material. Based on ab initio simulated phonon data, unaffected by impurities or instrumental errors, we could interpret the Raman spectra and visualise Raman active atom vibrations. These computational models allowed better insight and further experimental improvement while high-quality experimental data granted the validation and improvement of computational simulation strategy.
T2 - Application of Neutrons and Synchrotron Radiation in Engineering Materials Science
CY - Hamburg, Germany
DA - 23.03.2025
KW - NTE
KW - Sol-gel
KW - Ab initio
KW - Raman
KW - XRD
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-62832
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Trappe, Volker
T1 - Roving-Alterung und mechanische Eigenschaften
N2 - Im statistischen Mittel steht eine Windkraftanlage (WKA) in Deutschland alle 6 Jahre wegen eines Schadens an den Rotorblättern und verursacht Kosten von 20k€-40k€ infolge Ertragsausfall und Reparaturkosten. Bei über 30.000 WKA in Deutschland verursacht dies jährlichen Kosten von 100-200 Mio. €. Zu 70% sind die Ursachen Fertigungsfehler. Diesem Themenkomplex widmet sich FB-5.3 in Kooperation mit FBs der Zerstörungsfreien Prüfung (Abt. 8) schon seit Jahren.
Im aktuellen Projekt geht es um einen vorzeitigen Verschleiß der Rotorblätter infolge der Verwendung gealterter Glasfaser-Rovings. (GF). Die Entwicklung moderner Windkraftanlagen hatte in Europa seinen Ursprung in den 90er Jahren. OEMs und GF-Hersteller waren dicht beisammen. Die Globalisierung des Marktes führt heute zu einer weltweiten Verschiffung der GF in feucht-warmen Containern. Je nach Beschaffenheit (Chemie) der Schlichten (Oberflächenbehandlung) von GF können diese stark altern (Hydrolyse-Effekte) und die Festigkeit kann im Bauteil um bis zu 50% abgemindert sein.
In einer Kooperation mit der Rotorblattallianz, einem Zusammenschluss der OEMs, Halbzeugherstellern und Forschungsinstituten, wurden schon vor 5 Jahren in einem Forschungsprojekt (FB-5.3; VH 5538) die chemischen Mechanismen der Alterung exemplarisch für eine Glasfaser-Roving-Type aufgeklärt. Im aktuellen Projekt (FB-5.3; VH 5304) wird ein beschleunigtes Alterungsverfahren (erhöhte Temperatur und Feuchte) am Roving im un-impregnierten Zustand entwickelt und die Festigkeit nachfolgend nach Einbettung in eine Epoxid-Harz-Matrix bestimmt. Je nach Alterungszustand zeigt sich eine Abnahme der Zwischenfaserbruchfestigkeit von bis zu 50%. Nicht alle Glasfaser-Roving-Typen zeigen diesen Effekt. Es ist gelungen für OEMs und Halbzeughersteller ein handhabbares Verfahren zur innerbetrieblichen Qualitätssicherung zu entwickeln, da die wenigsten Firmen über komplexe Analyseverfahren, wie an der BAM, verfügen.
T2 - Composite United - AG Faserverbund in der Windenergie
CY - Braunschweig, Germany
DA - 09.05.2023
KW - Faserkunststoffverbunde
KW - Windenergie
KW - Alterung
PY - 2023
AN - OPUS4-58409
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rosalie, Julian
A1 - Hohenwarter, A.
T1 - Dynamic Precipitation during High-Pressure Torsion of a Magnesium–Manganese Alloy
N2 - An ultrafine-grained magnesium alloy has been produced through room temperature high-pressure torsion (HPT) of solutionized Mg–1.35 wt% Mn. Dynamic precipitation of nanometer-scale Mn particles occurs during deformation. These particles populate the grain boundaries, acting as pinning sites which allow the alloy to develop a grain size of 140 nm after 0.5 rotations. Further, HPT deformation results in a gradual increase in grain size with no increase in precipitate size. Despite the extensive deformation applied, the alloy does not develop a bimodal grain structure and retains a grain size of 230 nm after 10 complete rotations, demonstrating the stability and effectiveness of these pinning particles.
KW - Grain-boundary pinning
KW - Magnesium alloys
KW - High-pressure torsion
KW - Severe plastic deformation
KW - Ultrafine-grained materials
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-656471
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202500424
SN - 1527-2648
VL - 28
IS - 4
SP - 1
EP - 9
PB - Wiley
AN - OPUS4-65647
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Wu, Shu-Han
T1 - MOF-derived Synthetic Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries
N2 - Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) family, are attractive precursors for advanced energy-storage materials. Upon pyrolysis, ZIFs can be transformed into electrically conductive carbon materials while preserving their original particle morphology, which is crucial for achieving high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes. Despite these advantages, large-scale implementation remains challenging due to the need for synthesis routes that balance performance, cost, and sustainability. The present study addresses these challenges by developing environmentally benign and economically feasible strategies for the scalable production of ZIF-8-derived carbon anodes suitable for industrial applications.
T2 - Batterieforum Deutschland 2026
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 20.01.2026
KW - Sodium-ion battery
KW - Negative electrode
KW - Metalorganic frameworks
PY - 2026
AN - OPUS4-65644
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard
A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob
A1 - Anker, A. S.
A1 - Annadurai, V.
A1 - Balazs, D. M.
A1 - Bienert, Ralf
A1 - Bouwman, W. G.
A1 - Breßler, Ingo
A1 - Breternitz, J.
A1 - Brok, E. S.
A1 - Bryant, G.
A1 - Clulow, A. J.
A1 - Crater, E. R.
A1 - De Geuser, F.
A1 - Del Giudice, A.
A1 - Deumer, J.
A1 - Disch, S.
A1 - Dutt, S.
A1 - Frank, K.
A1 - Fratini, E.
A1 - Garcia, P. R. A. F.
A1 - Gilbert, E. P.
A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin
A1 - Hallett, J.
A1 - Hohenschutz, M.
A1 - Hollamby, M.
A1 - Huband, S.
A1 - Ilavsky, J.
A1 - Jochum, J. K.
A1 - Juelsholt, M.
A1 - Mansel, B. W.
A1 - Penttilä, P.
A1 - Pittkowski, R. K.
A1 - Portale, G.
A1 - Pozzo, L. D.
A1 - Rochels, L.
A1 - Rosalie, Julian
A1 - Saloga, Patrick E. J.
A1 - Seibt, S.
A1 - Smith, A. J.
A1 - Smith, G. N.
A1 - Spiering, G. A.
A1 - Stawski, Tomasz M.
A1 - Taché, O.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Toth, K.
A1 - Whitten, A. E.
A1 - Wuttke, J.
T1 - The human factor - Results of a small-angle scattering data analysis round robin
N2 - A round-robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples containing spherical scatterers, with two datasets in dilute dispersions and two from powders. Most of the 46 participants correctly identified the number of populations in the dilute dispersions, with half of the population mean entries within 1.5% and half of the population width entries within 40%. Due to the added complexity of the structure factor, far fewer people submitted answers on the powder datasets. For those that did, half of the entries for the means and widths were within 44 and 86%, respectively. This round-robin experiment highlights several causes for the discrepancies, for which solutions are proposed.
KW - Round Robin
KW - Data analysis
KW - Small-angle scattering
KW - Nanomaterials
KW - Interlaboratory comparability
KW - Nanostructure quantification
KW - Methodology
KW - MOUSE
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-587091
DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576723008324
SN - 1600-5767
VL - 56
IS - 6
SP - 1618
EP - 1629
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
AN - OPUS4-58709
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard
A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob
A1 - Anker, A. S.
A1 - Balazs, D. M.
A1 - Beyer, F. L.
A1 - Bienert, Ralf
A1 - Bouwman, W. G.
A1 - Breßler, Ingo
A1 - Breternitz, J.
A1 - Brok, E. S.
A1 - Bryant, G.
A1 - Clulow, A. J.
A1 - Crater, E. R.
A1 - De Geuser, F.
A1 - Giudice, A. D.
A1 - Deumer, J.
A1 - Disch, S.
A1 - Dutt, S.
A1 - Frank, K.
A1 - Fratini, E.
A1 - Gilbert, E. P.
A1 - Hahn, Marc Benjamin
A1 - Hallett, J.
A1 - Hohenschutz, Max
A1 - Hollamby, M. J.
A1 - Huband, S.
A1 - Ilavsky, J.
A1 - Jochum, J. K.
A1 - Juelsholt, M.
A1 - Mansel, B. W.
A1 - Penttilä, P.
A1 - Pittkowski, R. K.
A1 - Portale, G.
A1 - Pozzo, L. D.
A1 - Ricardo de Abreu Furtado Garcia, P.
A1 - Rochels, L.
A1 - Rosalie, Julian
A1 - Saloga, P. E. J.
A1 - Seibt, S.
A1 - Smith, A. J.
A1 - Smith, G. N.
A1 - Annadurai, V.
A1 - Spiering, G. A.
A1 - Stawski, Tomasz
A1 - Taché, O.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Toth, K.
A1 - Whitten, A. E.
A1 - Wuttke, J.
T1 - The human factor - Results of a small-angle scattering data analysis round robin
N2 - A Round Robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples containing spherical scatterers, with two datasets in dilute dispersions, and two from powders.
Most of the 46 participants correctly identified the number of populations in the dilute dispersions, with half of the population mean entries within 1.5 % and half of the population width entries within 40 %, respectively. Due to the added complexity of the structure factor, much fewer people submitted answers on the powder datasets.
For those that did, half of the entries for the means and widths were within 44 % and 86 % respectively. This Round Robin experiment highlights several causes for the discrepancies, for which solutions are proposed.
KW - Round robin
KW - Sall-angle scattering
KW - Nanostructure quantification
KW - Nanostructure
KW - SAXS
KW - MOUSE
KW - X-ray scattering
KW - Size distribution
KW - Nanoparticles
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-571342
DO - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.03772
SP - 1
EP - 23
PB - Cornell University
CY - Ithaca, NY
AN - OPUS4-57134
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Miliūtė, Aistė
T1 - How experimental and computational methods allow us to design negative thermal expansion materials
N2 - Combined experimental and computational methods allow comprehensive understanding, design, and tailoring of material properties. We focus on a wellknown negative thermal expansion (NTE) material, zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7), and address synthesis, characterisation and validation of results with computational simulations. Experimental and computational X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy data highlighted differences between phase-pure and multiphase ceramics. These techniques allowed us to distinguish subtle differences in the structure of the material. Based on ab initio simulated phonon data, unaffected by impurities or instrumental errors, we could interpret the Raman spectra and visualise Raman active atom vibrations. These computational models allowed better insight and further experimental improvement while high-quality experimental data granted the validation and improvement of computational simulation strategy.
T2 - SALSA Make and Measure 2024
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 11.09.2024
KW - NTE
KW - Sol-gel
KW - Ab initio
KW - Raman
KW - XRD
PY - 2024
AN - OPUS4-61358
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jesus, Vinicius D.
A1 - Merizio, Leonnam G.
A1 - Galleani, Gustavo
A1 - Raffy, Guillaume
A1 - Carpentier, Mathis
A1 - Petit, Yannick
A1 - Cardinal, Thierry
A1 - de Camargo, Andrea S. S.
T1 - Energy transfer from Ag species to Nd 3+ in Ga–fluoride–phosphate glasses: near-infrared emission enhancement via controlled heat treatment and femtosecond laser inscription
N2 - Gallium fluoride–phosphate glasses are promising materials with wide optical transmission window, high volumetric density, and the ability to accommodate high concentrations of rare earth dopant ions within a tailored fluoride-rich coordination environment, resulting in high emission cross sections. In this work, the compositional system 25Ga(PO3)3–20ZnF2–30BaF2–(25–x–y)SrF2–xAgNO3–yNdF3 (x = 0–10 mol%, y = 0 or 1 mol%) was studied to understand how silver species affect the near-infrared (NIR) emission of Nd3+ ions, when the glasses are subjected to controlled heat treatment and to femtosecond direct laser writing (DLW). The glasses were obtained via the melt-quenching technique and characterized by DSC, XRD, UV-Vis-NIR absorption, and PL spectroscopy. The as-prepared glasses show broad UV-Vis excitation and emission bands arising from the coexistence of Ag+ ions and ionic Ag pairs. In samples with 10 mol% Ag+, brownish coloration and modified emission profiles indicated Ag nanoparticle formation at the surface. Heat treatment promoted the conversion of isolated Ag+ into ionic pairs, producing broadband emissions tunable by excitation wavelength and Ag+ concentration. In co-doped samples, Nd3+ introduced absorption dips in the Ag-related UV-Vis bands, consistent with energy transfer, which was further confirmed by shortened Ag excited-state lifetimes and increased Nd3+ NIR emission under UVVis excitation. In order to control the spatial distribution and size of Ag aggregates (nanoclusters, NCs) and to increase the energy transfer efficiency to Nd3+, femtosecond direct laser writing (DLW) was employed to co-doped glasses with 3 and 5 mol% Ag+. This approach enabled three-dimensional localized growth of Ag NCs with sub-micron spatial control. In the laser processed regions, the NIR emissions of Nd3+ at 900 and 1060 nm were significantly enhanced, clearly evidencing enhanced energy transfer from the localized laserinduced Ag-NCs to the Nd3+ ions. These findings suggest the possibility of tailoring high optical contrast near-IR emissions in glasses, enabling progress in advanced photonic applications.
KW - Neodymium
KW - Silver
KW - Fluoride phosphate glasses
KW - Direct laser writing
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-656888
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma01430a
SN - 2633-5409
SP - 1
EP - 14
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
AN - OPUS4-65688
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Oliveira Menezes, Letícia Gonçalves
A1 - Trajano Silveira, Beatriz Aiub
A1 - de Castro Raucci, Larissa Moreira Spinola
A1 - Martorano, Antônio Secco
A1 - de Oliveira, Paulo Tambasco
A1 - Arai, Marylyn Setsuko
A1 - de Camargo, Andréa Simone Stucchi
A1 - Hannig, Christian
A1 - Sterzenbach, Torsten
A1 - Brighenti, Fernanda Lourenção
A1 - de Oliveira, Analú Barros
A1 - Moraes, João Carlos Silos
A1 - Danelon, Marcelle
T1 - Functional glass ionomer cement modified with phosphate and zinc oxide nanoparticles: in vitro insights into physicomechanical behavior, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity
N2 - Objectives: To evaluate the effect of incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and sodium trimetaphosphate microparticles (TMP) into resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) on its physicomechanical, microbiological, and cytotoxic properties.
Methods: Six groups were prepared: 1) RMGIC (Fuji II LC); 2) RMGIC-1.0 %ZnONPs; 3) RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs; 4) RMGIC-14.0 %TMP; 5) RMGIC-1.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 %TMP; and 6) RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 %TMP. Tensile/diametral compressive strengths (TS, DCS), surface hardness (SH) and degree of monomer conversion (%DC) were evaluated in 24 h and 7 days. Fluoride (F) release was assessed over 15 days using alternating demineralizing/remineralizing solutions. Antimicrobial/antibiofilm activity against S. mutans (UA159) was assessed through adhesion, biofilm growth measurements, and XTT assays. Cytotoxicity was tested on MDPC23 odontoblasts using the resazurin assay.
Results: The DCS for the RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs group was 22.5 % higher when compared to RMGIC after 24 h (p <0.05); after 7 days, RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPS-14.0 %TMP group was 23.4 % higher than RMGIC (p < 0.05). For TS after 7 days, the RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 % TMP group showed the highest values (37 % and 55.4 %) than RMGIC and RMGIC-14.0 % TMP, respectively (p < 0.05). At 24 h, the RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 %TMP Group showed the highest SH among all groups (p < 0.05). The greatest effect on reducing bacterial viability was observed for the RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 %TMP group (p < 0.05). For cytotoxicity analysis, at 24 h, the RMGIC-1.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 %TMP group showed the highest cytocompatibility (p < 0.05). At 48 and 72 h, RMGIC-1.0 %ZnONPs, RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs, RMGIC-1.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 %TMP and RMGIC-2.0 %ZnONPs-14.0 %TMP groups showed the lowest cytotoxicity (p < 0.05)
KW - Phosphate and zinc oxide nanoparticles
KW - Glass ionomer
PY - 2026
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106307
SN - 0300-5712
VL - 165
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-65692
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ghadamyari, Marzieh
A1 - Ebrahim Hosseini, Hossein
A1 - Michálková, Monika
A1 - de Camargo, Andréa Simone Stucchi
A1 - Cao, Jiangkun
A1 - Galusek, Dušan
A1 - Chukova, Oksana
A1 - Wondraczek, Lothar
A1 - Jacobsohn, Luiz Gustavo
A1 - Klement, Róbert
T1 - Broadband visible emission in undoped K2ZnGeO4 by near UV and X-ray excitation
N2 - Self-activated phosphors (SAP) have attracted significant attention for a wide range of applications, including lighting, displays, scintillators, lasers, luminescence-based sensors, bioimaging, drug delivery, and luminescent security inks. In this work, we report a new white emitting SAP, α-K2ZnGeO4, synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reaction. The phosphor crystallizes in a single-phase orthorhombic structure and consists of irregularly shaped particles. Under ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray excitation the sample exhibits broad yellowish-white emission spanning the 350–800 nm spectral range, with a long-wavelength tail extending into the near-infrared region, overlapping the biological window. Average lifetime values of 20.4 and 22.6 μs were determined from the fluorescence decay curves monitored at the centre of the band (550 nm), upon excitation at 272 and 377 nm, respectively. Additionally, the decay curve of a distinct spectral feature, peaked at 385 nm, was studied upon 272 nm excitation, yielding a lifetime of 2.3 μs. The role of structural defects (donors: VO and Zni; acceptors: VZn, VGe, and Oi) in the luminescence of α-K2ZnGeO4 was also investigated. Photoluminescence spectra recorded under 366 nm and 377 nm excitation yielded CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates of (x, y) = (0.40213, 0.46943) and (0.39326, 0.47611), respectively. The values are almost identical and correspond to yellowish-white emission, highlighting the suitability of the material as a yellowish-white phosphor in white light-emitting diodes (wLEDs).
KW - Broadband emitter
KW - K2ZnGeO4
KW - X-ray excitation
PY - 2026
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.063
SN - 0272-8842
VL - 52
IS - 7
SP - 8658
EP - 8669
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-65691
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rex, Tobias
A1 - Vilela, Raquel R. C.
A1 - Bauer, Nadine
A1 - Hepp, Alexander
A1 - de Camargo, Andrea S. S.
A1 - Kiefer, Friedemann
A1 - Strassert, Cristian A.
T1 - Host–Guest Nanoparticles Incorporating a Fluorophore-Conjugated Pt(II) Complex: A Ratiometric Dual Emitter Performing as a Self-Referenced Oxygen Reporter
N2 - Ratiometric optical sensors, which provide real-time measurements by comparing the intensities of two spectrally separated emission bands, are highly effective for monitoring oxygen levels. By combining oxygen-independent and oxygensensitive emission characteristics, they offer accurate quantification, distinguishing them from other sensor types. In this work, we designed a ratiometric optical sensor concept based on a biscyclometalated platinum(II) complex coupled with an organic naphthalonitrile-based fluorophore and incorporated it into mesoporous silica nanoparticles. This encapsulation strategy significantly improved the stability and water-dispersibility of the otherwise hydrophobic coordination compound while preventing aggregation and enhancing its photophysical properties. Both the free molecule and its nanoparticle-encapsulated form were characterized, revealing high sensitivity to oxygen variations with the unique feature of self-referenced ratiometric readout. The sensor’s response was effectively measured at the single-particle level using photoluminescence microscopy, providing temporally and spatially resolved oxygen readouts. The versatility of the system was demonstrated across different experimental setups, including suspensions, solids, and agarose-embedded forms, highlighting is adaptability to a wide range of applications. This system holds significant promise for advanced oxygen monitoring, offering a reliable tool for high-resolution detection in complex environments with multiple orthogonal readouts.
KW - Oxygen sensing
KW - Ratiometric luminescence
KW - Platinum (II) complex
KW - Dual emitter probe
KW - Mesoporous silica nanoprticles
PY - 2026
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.5c00262
SN - 2771-9855
VL - 4
IS - 2
SP - 332
EP - 342
PB - American Chemical Society (ACS)
AN - OPUS4-65689
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Suarez Ocano, Patricia
T1 - Influence of heat-treatment-induced microstructural evolution on the Low Cycle Fatigue behavior of 316L stainless steel fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
N2 - Additive manufacturing, particularly the laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) process, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its ability to produce complex geometries with enhanced mechanical properties. Among the various materials used, 316L stainless steel is highly favored for cyclically loaded components due to its exceptional mechanical strength, high-temperature performance, and corrosion resistance, making it widely applicable across various industries. 316L SS fabricated by PBF-LB/M (PBF-LB/M/316L) exhibits a unique hierarchical microstructure, with high density of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs), nano-dispersed silicates, chemical micro-segregations, and solidification-induced cellular structures. Particularly, the submicron-sized cellular features enriched with chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo), along with high dislocation densities, contribute to a superior strength-ductility balance compared to conventionally manufactured 316L SS. The dispersed silicate particles act also as a strengthening phase, impeding dislocation movement and enhancing plastic deformation resistance.
This study explores the effect of heat treatments on the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of PBF-LB/M/316L at room temperature (RT) and 600 °C. First, three heat treatment conditions were applied to the as-built material: 450 °C for 4 hours (HT450/4), 800 °C for 3 hours (HT800/3), and 900 °C for 1 hour (HT900/1) to investigate their influence on microstructural evolution. Microstructural analysis revealed that the HT450/4 condition preserved the cellular structure with high dislocation density, while the HT800/3 condition showed partial dissolution of cells together with reduction in segregated elements along the cell walls and a reduced dislocation density. The HT900/1 condition resulted in complete segregation and cellular structure dissolution with comparable dislocation density to HT800/3 while maintaining the crystallographic texture and grain morphology. Intermetallic χ phase was mostly observed at the grain boundaries in HT800/3, but not in HT900/1. Fully reversed LCF tests were conducted under strain-controlled conditions with a strain amplitude of 0.8 %. Tests were interrupted at specific intervals to analyze the interaction between hierarchical microstructural features and deformation mechanisms in the three heat-treated conditions. Due to the pronounced dislocation cell structures and elemental segregation, the microstructure of the HT450/4 condition significantly impact deformation and damage mechanisms during cyclic loading, which in turn, differ from the conventional produced counterparts. The results provide insights into the relationship between microstructural features and fatigue performance, highlighting key deformation and failure mechanisms under cyclic loading.
T2 - FEMS 2025 EUROMAT 18th European Congress and Exhibition on Advanced Materials and Processes
CY - Granada, Spain
DA - 14.09.2025
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - 316L stainless steel
KW - Heat treatments
KW - Low Cycle Fatigue
KW - Microstructure
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64238
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Agudo Jácome, Leonardo
T1 - Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 at Room and High Temperature
N2 - The nickel-base superalloy Inconel 718 (IN718) is one of the most commonly used Ni-based superalloys for high temperature structural applications for its remarkable strength, as well as creep, fatigue, and corrosion resistance up to 650 °C. While IN718 has traditionally been employed as cast or wrought material, it is difficult to machine because of its high strength and toughness. The additive manufacturing of IN718 components made by metal AM has thus gained extensive attention to produce expensive near-net shaped components of high-temperature alloys such as IN718, for it saves material and costs in processing and machining steps. Among all metal additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) is the most widespread, IN718 being one of the most common alloys produced with it. However, high cooling rates associated to the PBF-LB/M process, hinders the primary strengthening phases γ’’ and γ’ to form, as these cooling rates induce a dislocation cellular substructure, at which walls primary Laves phases bind segregating Nb, Ti and Mo. Many of the therefore needed heat-treatment strategies can then promote Laves-phase transformation into the stable δ phase along the cell and grain boundaries. Laves and δ phases, as well as grain-boundary primary carbides may have adverse effects on mechanical properties. The mostly needle-shaped δ phase was namely found to have a detrimental effect on creep rupture life while no direct effect on LCF fatigue life was evident. In this work room- and high-temperature (650 °C) low-cycle fatigue behavior of PBF-LB/M IN718 is investigated in the four-step heat-treated state and compared to wrought IN718. The microstructure of both materials is characterized across length scales via microscopy methods. The fatigue life at room temperature of the PBF-LB/M IN718 material is slightly lower than that for the wrought material, which is reversed at 650 °C. The cyclic stress response for both materials is marked by cyclic softening that is more pronounced at higher test temperatures. Multiple secondary cracks form at high strain amplitudes, at both room and high temperatures. High testing temperatures enhance specially crack formation at the transitions of regions between elongated grains and columns of stacked grains with ripple patterns in the PBF-LB/M material. Additional to this behavior, pronounced crack branching and deflection indicate that the cracks are controlled by sharp micromechanical gradients.
T2 - EUROMAT 2025
CY - Granada, Spain
DA - 14.09.2025
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - Low-cycle fatigue
KW - Microstructural characterization
KW - Ni-base superalloy
PY - 2025
AN - OPUS4-64354
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fayis Kalady, Mohammed
A1 - Schultz, Johannes
A1 - Weinel, Kristina
A1 - Wolf, Daniel
A1 - Lubk, Axel
T1 - Geometry-dependent localization of surface plasmons on random gold nanoparticle assemblies
N2 - Assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) support hybridized modes of localized surface plasmons (LSPs), which delocalize in geometrically well-ordered arrangements. Here, the hybridization behavior of LSPs in geometrically completely disordered two-dimensional arrangements of Au NPs fabricated by an e-beam synthesis method is studied. Employing electron energy loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope and numerical simulations, the disorder-driven spatial and spectral localization of the coupled LSP modes that depends on the NP thickness is revealed. Below a NP thickness of 0.4 nm, localization increases toward higher hybridized LSP mode energies. In comparison, above 10 nm thickness, a decrease of localization toward higher mode energies is observed. In the intermediate thickness regime, a transition of the energy dependence of the localization between the two limiting cases, exhibiting a mode energy with minimal localization, is observed. It is shown that this behavior is mainly driven by the energy and thickness dependence of the polarizability of the individual NPs.
KW - Gold Nanoparticles
KW - Surface plasmons
KW - Electron enerdy loss spectroscopy (EELS)
KW - scanning transmission electron microscopy
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-647230
DO - https://doi.org/10.1103/44nk-6bp2
SN - 2643-1564
VL - 7
IS - 043053
EP - 4
PB - American Physical Society
AN - OPUS4-64723
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hickel, Tilmann
A1 - Waske, Anja
A1 - Tehranchi, Ali
A1 - Bhattacharya, Biswajit
A1 - Stawski, Tomasz M.
A1 - Fellinger, Tim-Patrick
A1 - Mehmood, Asad
A1 - Witt, Julia
A1 - Ozcan, Ozlem
A1 - Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Kumar, Sourabh
A1 - Mishra, Rajesh Kumar
A1 - Holzer, Marco
A1 - Stucchi de Camargo, Andrea Simone
A1 - Agudo Jácome, Leonardo
A1 - Manzoni, Anna
A1 - Fantin, Andrea
A1 - John, Elisabeth
A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan
A1 - Bührig, Sophia
A1 - Murugan, Jegatheesan
A1 - Marschall, Niklas
A1 - George, Janine
A1 - Darvishi Kamachali, Reza
A1 - Maaß, Robert
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
T1 - Chemically complex materials enable sustainable high-performance materials
N2 - Chemically complex materials (CCMats) including high-entropy alloys, oxides, and related multi-principal element systems offer a paradigm shift in materials design by leveraging chemical diversity to simultaneously optimize functional, structural, and sustainability criteria. The vastness of the compositional and structural space in CCMats propels the field into an expanding exploratory state. To reconcile functional and structural performance across this immense parameter space remains an open challenge. This Perspective evaluates the opportunities and challenges associated with harnessing chemical complexity across a broad spectrum of applications, such as hydrogen storage, ionic conductors, catalysis, magnetics, dielectrics, semiconductors, optical materials, and multifunctional structural systems. It is delineated how three central design strategies: targeted substitution (SUB), defect engineering (DEF), and diversity management (DIV) enable the reconciliation of high functional performance with long-term structural stability and environmental responsibility.
Advances in computational thermodynamics, microstructure simulations, machine learning, and multimodal characterization are accelerating the exploration and optimization of CCMats, while robust data infrastructures and automated synthesis workflows are emerging as essential tools for navigating their complex compositional space. By fostering cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer and embracing data-driven design, CCMats are poised to deliver next-generation materials solutions that address urgent technological, energy, and
environmental demands.
KW - Chemically complex materials
KW - Structural stability
KW - Functional performance
KW - Design strategies
KW - Sustainability
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655598
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359028626000033?via%3Dihub
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2026.101256
SN - 1359-0286
VL - 42
SP - 1
EP - 26
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-65559
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Battistella, Beatrice
A1 - Revill, Adam
A1 - Venzago, Cornel
A1 - Hoffmann, Volker
A1 - Agudo Jácome, Leonardo
A1 - Al-Sabbagh, Dominik
A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian
A1 - Abad, Carlos
T1 - Depth-Resolved Lithium Isotope Fractionation as a Diagnostic of Interphase Evolution and Degradation in Lithium-Ion Batteries
N2 - Lithium isotopic fractionation is well-established in dynamic geochemical systems; however, its role in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) remains uninvestigated. Herein, we report the first depth-resolved demonstration that isotopic separation occurs during Li-ion cell operation whose magnitude depends on the cycling history. Using depth-resolved glow discharge mass spectrometry, we monitored the 7Li/6Li ratio in LiNi0.333Mn0.333Co0.333O2 (NMC111)||graphite coin cell electrodes at defined life-cycle stages. Different charging rates were examined to get mechanistic insight into kinetic and thermodynamic control in the fractionation process. Although pristine electrodes exhibit a uniform isotopic ratio, cycled electrodes show a distinct 7Li enrichment in the positive electrode and a corresponding accumulation of 6Li at the surface of the negative electrode. The degree of isotopic separation varies with the charging rate. Isotopic signatures correlate with capacity fading, indicating lithium isotope mapping as a sensitive diagnostic tool for tracking electrode degradation and the evolution of the electrode–electrolyte interphases in LIBs.
KW - Lithium-Ion Battery
KW - Li Isotopes
KW - Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry GD-MS
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657229
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c0413737
SN - 2380-8195
VL - 11
IS - 3
SP - 2851
EP - 2857
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-65722
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Miliute, Aiste
T1 - How experimental and computational methods allow us to design negative thermal expansion materials
N2 - Combined experimental and computational methods allow a comprehensive understanding, design, and tailoring of material properties. We focus on a well-known negative thermal expansion (NTE) material, zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7), and address its synthesis, characterisation, and computational validation of results. Experimental and computational X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy data highlighted differences between phase-pure and multiphase ceramics. The total-scattering method enabled us to distinguish subtle differences in the material's structure. Based on ab initio simulated phonon data, we could interpret the Raman spectra, visualise Raman-active atomic vibrations, and gain deeper insight into the local structure. Computational models provided deeper insight and enabled further experimental improvements, while high-quality experimental data validated and improved the computational simulation strategy.
T2 - CATS Special Guests III
CY - Urcuqui, Ecuador
DA - 06.03.2026
KW - NTE
KW - Ab initio
KW - PDF
KW - Raman
KW - XRD
PY - 2026
AN - OPUS4-65714
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Engelking, Lorenz
A1 - Madia, Mauro
A1 - Schröpfer, Dirk
A1 - Kruse, Julius
A1 - Saliwan Neumann, Romeo
A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas
T1 - Influence of Ultrasonic-Assisted Milling on Surface Integrity and Fatigue Strength of a Low Alloy Steel
N2 - The milling process significantly influences the surface integrity of metallic components through machining induced near surface residual stresses. Modern hybrid machining processes, such as ultrasonic-assisted milling (USAM), offer the potential to induce beneficial near-surface compressive residual stresses compared to the near-surface tensile residual stresses typically resulting from conventional milling (CM). This study investigates the effects of USAM compared to CM on the near-surface residual stress state and fatigue performance of a S355J2C low-alloy steel. Milling experiments and subsequent rotating bending tests revealed that USAM significantly reduces cutting force by approximately 45% and induces near-surface compressive re sidual stresses as low as −733MPa. This leads to a significant improvement in fatigue strength estimated in approximately 34% compared to polished specimens and 11% compared to the CM. These findings highlight the potential of USAM to enhance the fatigue performance of components made of steel.
KW - Fatigue strength
KW - Residual stress
KW - Surface integrity
KW - Surface roughness
KW - Ultrasonic-assisted milling
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657358
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.70259
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Wiley
AN - OPUS4-65735
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Suarez Ocano, Patricia
T1 - Effect of the powder composition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion
N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM) has seen rapid growth in recent decades, with Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) emerging as the leading technique for producing high-density, geometrically complex metal parts. Austenitic stainless steel 316L is one of the most studied alloys for PBF-LB/M due to its excellent strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance [1]. The microstructure formed during PBF-LB/M processing can improve certain mechanical properties compared to conventionally manufactured 316L [2].
However, the current 316L standards allow broad ranges for key alloying elements, particularly Cr and Ni. While such variations have little effect on conventionally produced alloys, emerging evidence shows that they can markedly alter the microstructure and mechanical properties in PBF-LB/316L—even within specification limits [3]. This study investigates through microstructural and thermodynamical assessment, how two powders of nominally standard 316L composition (Alloys A and B) respond to identical PBF-LB/M processing parameters. Despite identical printing conditions, Alloy A exhibited
twice the grain size and five times higher low-angle grain boundary (LAGB) density compared to Alloy B . Conversely, Alloy B showed a significantly higher density of Σ3 twin boundaries, nearly absent in Alloy A. These microstructural differences are attributed primarily to variations in Cr and Ni content in the liquid, which may influence icosahedral short-range ordering (ISRO) mechanism [4]. ISRO potentially facilitates twin boundary formation, ultimately refining grain structure [5]. This work highlights the critical impact of compositional control on final part microstructures and consequent mechanical properties and emphasizes the need to reassess compositional tolerances for AM-specific applications.
T2 - 5th Symposium on Materials and Additive Manufacturing (Additive 2026)
CY - Kassel, Germany
DA - 24.03.2026
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - 316L stainless steel
KW - Chemical composition
KW - Lcosahedral short-range ordering mechanism
KW - Grain size
PY - 2026
AN - OPUS4-65738
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Miliūtė, Aistė
T1 - Synthesis and phase purity of the negative thermal expansion material ZrV2O7
N2 - This repository contains computational and experimental data for the manuscript titled “Synthesis and phase purity of the negative thermal expansion material ZrV2O7”.
KW - NTE
KW - Sol-gel
KW - Solid-state
KW - Ab-initio
KW - XRD
KW - Raman
PY - 2024
DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12688634
PB - Zenodo
CY - Geneva
AN - OPUS4-61360
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Raute, J.
A1 - Schmidt, J.
A1 - Bhadeliya, A.
A1 - Rehmer, B.
A1 - Olbricht, J.
A1 - Jokisch, T.
A1 - Biegler, M.
A1 - Rethmeier, M.
T1 - Investigation on seam quality and fatigue crack propagation in electron beam welded additive manufactured Inconel 939
N2 - Laser powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) offers great potential for the production of new and spare parts for stationary gas turbines made of nickel superalloys such as Inconel 939 (IN939). In order to enable integration into existing assemblies and overcome design limitations, the additive manufacturing process chain must be expanded by suitable joining techniques. This study compares the electron beam welding of cast IN939 sheets and sheets produced additively using PBF-LB/M. The investigation focuses on the achievable seam quality with regard to geometric irregularities and internal defects in the form of liquation cracks on the microscale in the heat-affected zone. The evaluation of the welded samples shows no differences in the formation of the seam shape between the additively manufactured material and the cast material. For both materials, the highest quality category for beam-welded seams according to DIN EN ISO 13,919–1 was achieved at high welding speeds of 20 mm/s. Regardless of the manufacturing method, both materials show an increase in crack formation with increasing welding speed. However, due to its microstructure, the PBF-LB/M material exhibits significantly fewer microcracks overall. Final crack propagation tests on welded PBF-LB/M samples that were treated using HIP also show stable crack growth without sudden failure, which opens up potential for practical application.
KW - Electron beam welding
KW - Inconel 939
KW - PBF-LB/M
KW - Liquation cracking
KW - Fatigue crack propagation
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657015
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2026.100389
SN - 2666-3309
VL - 13
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-65701
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Avila Calderon, Luis Alexander
T1 - On the role of the manufacturing-induced cell structure in laser-powder-bed-fused stainless steel 316L during cyclic plastic deformation
N2 - The room temperature cyclic plastic deformation behavior of stainless steel 316L produced by laser powder bed fusion and heat treated to two microstructural conditions was investigated in strain-controlled incremental-step-test low-cycle fatigue experiments. The heat treatments were performed at 450 °C for 4 h and at 900 °C for 1 h. The lower temperature heat treatment retains the cell structure present in the as-built material. The higher temperature heat treatment leads to disappearance of the cell structure and a decreased proof strength. Both investigated heat treatment conditions exhibited cyclic softening. In the condition heat treated at 900 °C for 1 h, the ability of the cell structure to act as barrier against plastic deformation when cyclically strained is degraded, which is reflected in the reduction of the cyclic yield strength. In that same condition, the cyclic softening was less pronounced. The presence or absence of the manufacturing-induced cell structure seems to determine the slip mode. When present, the microstructural evidence points to a planar slip behavior. After heat treatment at 900 °C for 1 h, which led to its dissolution, microstructural investigations revealed a wavy slip behavior, which has been also reported for the conventionally manufactured 316L counterpart [1]. In this case, the formation of low-energy dislocation structures acts as softening agent.
T2 - Additive Manufacturing 2026
CY - Kassel, Germany
DA - 25.03.2026
KW - AGIL
KW - Additive Fertigung
KW - Low-Cycle-Fatigue
KW - 316L
KW - Mikrostruktur
PY - 2026
AN - OPUS4-65746
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Blaeß, Carsten
A1 - Boccaccini, Aldo R.
A1 - Müller, Ralf
T1 - CuO nanocrystal formation during sintering of Cu-doped bioactive silicate glass powder surfaces
N2 - CuO nanocrystals were found to grow on polished, fractured, and glass powder particle surfaces of the copper-doped bioactive glass BG F3-Cu (44.8 SiO2–2.5 P2O3–35.5 CaO–6.6 Na2O–6.6 K2O–3 CaF2–1 CuO; mol%). Our results indicate that this CuO formation is driven by an inhibited Cu+/Cu2+ redox equilibrium. Since Cu2+ (CuO) is unstable during melting, a Cu+ (Cu2O) excess is frozen during cooling. Due to the limited oxygen availability, Cu + diffuses to the surface to get oxidized to Cu2+. Such oxidation, however, also occurs close beneath the melt surface during casting. As this reduces the CuO formation driving force, no CuO was found on the as-cast glass surface. The large low-temperature driving force of Cu oxidation also explains why CuO nanocrystals can easily grow during prolonged annealing well below the onset of the dominating surface crystallization of combeite during heating at 10 K/min. The minor influence of CuO surface crystal formation on sintering and overall crystallization allows for its control largely independent of the achievable densification and phase composition of the sintered BG compacts.
KW - Bioactive glass
KW - Copper oxide
KW - surface crystals
PY - 2026
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.03.017
SN - 0272-8842
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-65764
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Riechers, Birte
A1 - Pekin, Thomas C.
A1 - Luo, Xin-Yu
A1 - Sun, Yonghao
A1 - Koch, Christoph T.
A1 - Derlet, Peter M.
A1 - Maaß, Robert
T1 - Spatial distribution and connectivity of medium-range order signatures in a metallic glass probed with simulated and experimental 4DSTEM
N2 - challenge. Here, we assess the statistical signature of local diffraction symmetries and their spatial distribution obtained with transmission electron microscopy in both experimentally cast Pd-based MGs and simulated binary model glasses. A detailed analysis of diffraction symmetries from the model glass shows that microstructural coarsening is dominated by icosahedra and Frank–Kasper polyhedra. While symmetries for these motifs are less significant for the laboratory-cast Pd-based glass, clear signatures of symmetry-cluster coarsening as a function of relaxation state are observed in both experiments and simulations, without any indications for crystallization. These findings give support for a qualitatively similar evolution of a glassy microstructure at the medium-range order length scale during glass relaxation.
KW - Metallic glass
KW - TEM
KW - Molecular dynamics simulations
KW - Glass structure
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657772
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186631
SN - 0925-8388
VL - 1058
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-65777
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ibrahim, Ahmed A. S.
A1 - Bochmann, Arne
A1 - Löhnert, Romy
A1 - Mieller, Björn
A1 - Wilde, Lutz
A1 - Capraro, Beate
A1 - Stelter, Michael
A1 - Töpfer, Jörg
T1 - Performance Enhancement of Ca3Co4O9‐based Transverse Multilayer Thermoelectric Generators for Low‐Power Applications
N2 - Transverse thermoelectric generators (TTEG) enable conversion of thermal into electrical energy with perpendicular directions of the applied temperature gradient and the induced thermoelectric voltage. We report on the fabrication of transverse multilayer thermoelectric generators (TMLTEG) based on p‐type Ca3Co4O9 (CCO) ceramic tapes and printed silver which were conventionally sintered (CS) in air at 920°C or using pressure‐assisted sintering (PAS) at 920°C and 1.5 MPa. The thermoelectric performance of TMLTEGs was evaluated using analytical calculations and simulations. The transverse thermoelectric power factor and thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit of an artificial layered structure composed of CCO and silver were calculated and simulated as functions of layers tilt angle φ and metal‐to‐ceramic thickness ratio. TMLTEG devices with various CCO layer thicknesses of 150 µm, 100 µm, or 33 µm were fabricated and cofired at 920°C in air, which exhibit power outputs of 2.3 mW, 3.2 mW, and 4.1 mW at ΔT = 160 K, respectively. TMLTEGs which were cofired using PAS show a higher power density of 16.4 mW/cm3 at ΔT = 225 K. This enhancement in power (≈ 80%) is crucial for thermoelectric modules comprising multiple TMLTEG devices. The device measurements were compared with 3D simulations.
KW - Ceramic multilayer
KW - Thermoelectric generator
KW - Pressure-assisted sintering
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657868
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70656
SN - 0002-7820
VL - 109
IS - 3
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Wiley Periodicals LLC.
AN - OPUS4-65786
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -