TY - JOUR A1 - Agea, Boris A1 - Walzel, S. T1 - 3D Druck unterstütz die Dekarbonisierung N2 - Suspensionsbasiertes Binder Jetting reduziert die Brennzeiten von technischer Keramik im Vergleich zu anderen 3d-druckverfahren signifikant. dabei wird nicht nur Energie beim Betrieb der Brennöfen gespart, sondern auch die Emission von Kohlendioxid beim Brennvorgang selbst gesenkt. KW - Schlickerdeposition PY - 2021 VL - 6 SP - 26 EP - 28 PB - Keramische Zeitschrift AN - OPUS4-53812 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Blaeß, Carsten T1 - Viskose Rissschließung in Gläsern und Glasmatrixkompositen N2 - Um die Langzeitbeständigkeit von Hochtemperatur-Festoxidbrennstoffzellen (SOFC) sicherzustellen, ist das grundlegende Verständnis der viskosen Schließung oder Heilung von Rissen, als Folge wechselnder thermischer oder mechanischer Belastung, in Gläsern und teilkristallinen Materialien ein entscheidender Faktor. In Glas ist die Rissheilung hauptsächlich durch viskoses Fließen bestimmt. In teilkristallinen Schmelzen bewirkt der kristalline Volumenanteil die Erhöhung der effektiven Viskosität. Um die Auswirkungen des kristallinen Volumenanteils auf die Rissheilung zu ergründen, wurden Glasmatrixkomposite mit variierten inerten kristallinen Fülleranteilen, die während der Wärme-behandlung konstant blieben, hergestellt. Verwendet wurde ein kristallisationsträges Natrium-Calcium-Silicatglas und ZrO2 als inerter Füller. Komplexe, reproduzierbare Rissstrukturen wurden durch Vickers-Eindrücke erzeugt und die viskose Rissschließung während isothermer Wärmebehandlungs-schritte mittels Laser-Scanning-Mikroskopie verfolgt. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass, verglichen zum füllerfreien Glas, der kristalline Phasenanteil die effektive Viskosität erhöht und dadurch großräumiges Fließen verlangsamt. Dies verzögert das Aufweiten der Risse. Dieser Effekt erschwert die Rissverkürzung und führt oftmals zu großen gerundeten Kavitäten und dadurch zu einer verzögerten Rissschließung. Wird dieses Aufweiten verringert, ist zunächst ein lokales viskoses Fließen der Restglasphase weiterhin gegeben, sodass sich die Risse sogar schneller schließen. Für kristalline Anteile > 27 Vol% bildet sich dann ein stabiles Perkolationsgerüst aus, das die weitere Rissschließung auch lokal unterbindet. Nur innerhalb größerer glasiger Bereiche ist hierbei noch eine Rissschließung zu beobachten. Ein Optimum der Risslängenverkürzung konnte bei 17 Vol% beobachtet werden. T2 - 94. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Online meeting DA - 10.05.2021 KW - Glas KW - Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzelle KW - Glasmatrixkomposit KW - Rissheilung PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54245 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Viguier, B. A1 - Epishin, A. A1 - Fedelich, Bernard T1 - Creep of single-crystals of nickel-base gamma-alloy at high temperatures N2 - Porosity in single-crystal nickel-base superalloys is removed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at temperatures above gamma’-solvus where the material is very soft and ductile. For example, single-crystal nickel-base superalloy CMSX-4 is HIPed at temperature 1288 °C, which is slightly higher than the gamma’-solvus temperature of this alloy equal to about 1280 °C. It is assumed that pore shrinking during HIP is mostly due to dislocation creep. Such a modelling of HIP of CMSX-4 was started in our group on the base of results of creep tests of [001] single-crystals at 1288 °C [1]. However, it was found later [2] that the alloy CMSX-4 shows very strong creep anisotropy at 1288 °C. Therefore, for calibration of the creep law, creep tests of different orientations under different stress levels are required at the HIP temperature. This was the main task of present work. Single-crystals of CMSX-4 of axial orientations [001], [011], [123] and [111] were cast by VIAM Moscow and tested by BAM Berlin under creep conditions at 1288 °C and stress levels between 4 MPa and 16 MPa. At all stress levels, the creep rate increases by an order of magnitude when changing the orientation from [001] to [111] with [011] and [123] orientations in between. Such a character of creep anisotropy corresponds to the orientation dependence of the Schmid factor for octahedral glide. The crystal viscoplasticity model developed in [1] was improved to better represent the time induced softening observed during creep. The creep tests for different stresses and orientations as well as pore closure were simulated. The results of pore closure simulation are compared with measurements of porosity decrease during Hiping. T2 - 15th International Conference on Creep and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures CY - Online meeting DA - 14.06.2021 KW - Nickel-base superalloys KW - Creep KW - Single-Crystal PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53935 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit A1 - Olbricht, Jürgen A1 - Schilling, Markus A1 - Chen, Yue A1 - Füting, M. A1 - Todor, A. A1 - von Hartrott, P. A1 - Hanke, T. T1 - Wie digitalisieren wir die Werkstoffprüfung? Entwicklung standardisierter Versuchsbeschreibungen und Daten-Infrastrukturen in aktuellen Digitalisierungs-Initiativen N2 - Die Entwicklung digitaler Prozesse für die Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik muss naturgemäß auch die Charakterisierungsmethoden der Werkstoffprüfung abbilden, die oft durch eine hohe Komplexität gekennzeichnet sind. Als vorteilhaft erweist sich dabei der hohe Standardisierungsgrad, der sich z.B. in klaren Anforderungen an die eingesetzten Prüfmittel und festgelegten Vorgehensweisen ausdrückt. Diese können (und müssen) in entsprechenden digitalen Versuchsbeschreibungen abgebildet werden, wobei sich die klaren Datenstrukturen und Terminologien als vorteilhaft erweisen. T2 - Tagung Werkstoffprüfung 2021: Werkstoffe und Bauteile auf dem Prüfstand Prüftechnik – Kennwertermittlung – Schadensvermeidung CY - Online meeting DA - 02.12.2021 KW - Digitalisierung KW - Standardisierung KW - Normung KW - Ontologien KW - Wissensrepräsentation PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53943 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Optische Beobachtungen der Faser-Matrix-Trennung im Pull-out-Versuch N2 - Der Vortrag behandelt Rissentstehung und Ausbreitung an Faser-Matrix-Interfaces, untersucht mit dem optischen Mikroskop. T2 - Composites United, CU-Arbeitsgruppe/n Faser-Matrix-Haftung & Matrices CY - Online meeting DA - 02.12.2021 KW - Faser KW - Matrix KW - Pull-out KW - Interface PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53968 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ikeda, Yuki A1 - Yuan, R. A1 - Chakraborty, A. A1 - Ghassemi-Armaki, H. A1 - Zuo, J. M. A1 - Maaß, Robert T1 - Early stages of liquid-metal embrittlement in an advanced high-strength steel N2 - Grain-boundary degradation via liquid-metal embrittlement (LME) is a prominent and long-standing failure process in next generation advanced high-strength steels. Here we reveal, well ahead of the crack tip, the presences of nano-scale grains of intermetallic phases in Zn-infiltrated but uncracked grain boundaries with scanning- and 4D transmission electron microscopy. Instead of the often-reported Znrich Fe-Zn intermetallics, the nano-scale phase in the uncracked infiltrated grain boundaries is identified as the G-phase, and its presence reveals the local enhancement of strain heterogeneities in the grain boundary network. Based on these observations, we argue that intermetallic phase formation is not occurring after cracking and subsequent liquid Zn infiltration but is instead one of the primary nanoscopic drivers for grain-boundary weakening and crack initiation. These findings shift the focus of LME from micro- and meso-scale crack investigations to the very early stages immediately following Zn diffusion, after which secondary phase nucleation and growth emerge as the root-cause for failure. KW - Advanced high strength steels KW - Liquid metal embrittlement KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - 4-Dimensional scanning transmission KW - electron microscopy PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-539716 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtadv.2021.100196 SN - 2590-0498 VL - 13 IS - 196 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-53971 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Trappe, Volker T1 - Current and future technological advancement in polymer matrix composites enabled through fundamental discoveries N2 - This presentation is a summary of the work from the past 20 years’ development of PMC-testing at the BAM-FB 5.3 with respect to safety-relevant design of advanced light weight structures in aircraft, wind turbine and automotive applications. The talk begins with wood as an example from nature, and emphasizes that load case, fiber architectural design and the production process and quality have to go hand in hand to generate an advanced light weight structure. Since PMC-relevant basic findings of mankind span across hundreds of years, high-performance composite applications today are based more on long term experiences than on breakthrough inventions of modern days. In the second part of the talk, future plans and projects of FB-5.3 are presented, specifically addressing H2-safety, circular economy, recycling by design and digitalization of PMC-technologies. T2 - Abteilungsseminar CY - Online meeting DA - 07.09.2021 KW - Polymer Matrix Composites KW - Thermo mechanical fatigue PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54150 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Trappe, Volker T1 - Beschreibung des Ermüdungsverhaltens von Endlos-Faserverstärkten-Kunststoff-Verbunden mit Hilfe mikromechanischer Modelle N2 - Im Rahmen des Vortrags werden die neusten Ergebnisse aus dem Fachbereich 5.3 zur Beschreibung des Ermüdungsverhaltens von FKV mittels Mikromechanischer-Modelle präsentiert. Explizit wird der theoretische Ansatz am Beispiel von GFK unter thermomechanischer Beanspruchung hergeleitet und an Hand von Versuchsergebnissen verifiziert. T2 - Webkonferenz Composites United, Composite Fatigue CY - Online meeting DA - 30.09.2021 KW - Faser-Kunststoff-Verbunde KW - thermomechanische Beanspruchung KW - Materialmodell PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-54151 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Derlet, P. A1 - Bocquet, H. A1 - Maaß, Robert T1 - Viscosity and transport in a model fragile metallic glass N2 - How thermally activated structural excitations quantitatively mediate transport and microplasticity in a model binary glass at the microsecond timescale is revealed using atomistic simulation. These local excitations, involving a stringlike sequence of atomic displacements, admit a far-field shear-stress signature and underlie the transport of free-volume and bond geometry. Such transport is found to correspond to the Evolution of a disclination network describing the spatial connectivity of topologically distinct bonding environments, demonstrating the important role of geometrical frustration in both glass structure and its underlying dynamics. KW - Metallic glass KW - Viscosity PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.125601 SN - 2475-9953 VL - 5 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park, MD AN - OPUS4-54152 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chi, J. A1 - Agea Blanco, B. A1 - Bruno, Giovanni A1 - Günster, Jens A1 - Zocca, Andrea T1 - Self-Organization Postprocess for Additive Manufacturingin Producing Advanced Functional Structure and Material N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM) is developing rapidly due to itsflexibility in producing complex geometries and tailored material compositions. However, AM processes are characterized by intrinsic limitations concerning their resolution and surface finish, which are related to the layer-by-layer stacking process. Herein, a self-organization process is promoted as an approach to improve surface quality and achieve optimization of 3D minimal surface lightweight structures. The self-organization is activated after the powder bed 3D printing process via local melting, thereby allowing surface tension-driven viscous flow.The surface roughness Ra (arithmetic average of the roughness profile) could bedecreased by a factor of 1000 and transparent lenses and complex gyroid structures could be produced for demonstration. The concept of self-organization is further elaborated by incorporating external magnetic fields to intentionally manipulate magnetic particles, which are mixed with the polymer before printing and self-organization. This concept can be applied to develop programmable materials with specific microtextures responding to the external physical conditions. KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Self-organization KW - Triply Periodical Minimal Surface PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-540588 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202101262 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Wiley VCH AN - OPUS4-54058 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Rühle, Bastian A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute A1 - Kuchenbecker, Petra A1 - Abram, Sarah-Luise A1 - Löhmann, Oliver A1 - Mrkwitschka, Paul T1 - Tour de table - BAM N2 - Kurzübersicht über die neuen Aktivitäten zu Nanomaterialien in 2021. T2 - Nano-Behördenklausur der Bundesoberbehörden 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 17.11.2021 KW - Nano KW - Nanomaterial KW - Nanopartikel KW - Bundesoberbehörden PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53827 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Agea-Blanco, Boris A1 - Blaeß, Carsten A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Behrens, H T1 - Sintering and Foaming of Silicate Glass Powders N2 - The lecture focuses on the mechanisms of non-desired gas bubble formation and foaming during the sintering of glass powder compacts. It is shown that foaming is driven by carbon gases and that carbonates, encapsulated in micropores or mechaniacally dissolved beneath the glass surface, provide the major foaming source. T2 - Sandanski Workshop Sinter crystallization 27th-29th September 2021 PROJECT “THEORY AND APPLICATIONS OF SINTER-CYSTALLIZATION” DN 19/7 CY - Online meeting DA - 27.10. 2021 KW - Sintering KW - Non-desired foaming PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53772 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Lei A1 - Hoyt, J. J. T1 - Layering misalignment and negative temperature dependence of interfacial free energy of B2-liquid interfaces in a glass forming system N2 - From molecular dynamics simulations and the capillary fluctuation method, the solid-liquid interfacial free energy has been computed for the B2-liquid interface in the Cu-Zr system. Consistent with previous results for the FCC-liquid interface in Cu-Zr and Al-Sm but atypical of most alloys, was found to increase as the temperature is lowered. In addition, the temperature dependence was obtained for model Lennard-Jones B2-liquid alloys. In all cases the unusual temperature dependence of is correlated with an atomic structure of the interfacial region characterized by a misalignment of the number density peaks between solvents and solutes. In cases where the number density peaks are aligned, the typical temperature dependence is observed. The results are discussed in terms of the Gibbs theory of the thermodynamics of interfaces. It is proposed that the unique interfacial structure and the atypical temperature dependence of are hallmarks of an easy glass forming alloy. KW - Atomistic simulations KW - Interfacial free energy KW - Layering misalignment KW - Glass forming PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117259 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 219 SP - 117259 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-53650 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Abel, Andreas A1 - Zapala, P. A1 - Michels, H. A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit T1 - Microstructure-Property-Correlation of a Mo-Ti-B alloyed iron aluminide N2 - Iron aluminides depict a sustainable and light-weight material class which could be employed in many applications requiring high strength at intermediate to high temperatures. According to first results, the alloy Fe-26Al-4Mo-0.5Ti-1B surpasses conventional materials in wet corrosion resistance and creep resistance up to 650 °C. For these reasons, the AiF research project “WAFEAL – Materials applications for iron aluminides” was initiated to transfer these findings into a standardised materials dataset and to derive best practices for processing. In the first place, a set of different microstructures adjusted by varying casting methods, wall thicknesses and heat treatments was investigated and correlated with hardness on macro and micro scale. Correlations were drawn between solidification rates and resulting grain sizes and hardness. The effect of vacancy hardening was only verified for wall thickness as low as 2.5 mm. Moreover, a common decrease of macrohardness after a heat treatment at 1000 °C for 100 h was observed irrespective of casting process or wall thickness. This effect was linked with an unexpected decrease of the complex boride phase fraction which acts as a hardening phase. T2 - Intermetallics 2021 CY - Bad Staffelstein, Germany DA - 04.10.2021 KW - Fe-Al alloys KW - Intermetallics KW - Iron aluminides KW - Heat treatment KW - Wall thickness KW - Centrifugal casting KW - Die casting KW - Investment casting KW - Microstructure KW - Hardness KW - Complex borides PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53617 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Thuy, Maximilian A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Böhning, Martin T1 - Umgebungsbedingter Spannungsriss: Gefahr für Kunststoffbauteile unter Medieneinfluss N2 - Polyethylen hoher Dichte (PE-HD) ist ein weit verbreitetes Material für Transportbehälter, die oft für eine längere Nutzungsdauer vorgesehen sind. Insbesondere in diesem Fall können mikroskopische Schäden im Material auch weit unterhalb der Streckgrenze auftreten, die durch eine Spannungskonzentration verursacht werden, deren Ursprung in intrinsischen Materialfehlern oder äußeren Kratzern liegt. Mit fortschreitender Schädigung bilden sich Rissstrukturen, die von verstreckten Fibrillen aufgespannt werden, bis es zum Versagen dieser Fibrillen kommt und sich der Riss ausbreitet. Dieser Schadensmechanismus des langsamen Risswachstums kann durch eine Vielzahl von Umgebungsmedien beschleunigt werden und wird dann als "environmental stress cracking" (ESC) bezeichnet. Eine international normierte Methode zur Validierung der Spannungsrissbeständigkeit von PE-HD Materialien ist der „Full Notch Creep Test“ (FNCT). Anhand von Bruchflächenauswertungen mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie und Laser-Scanning-Mikroskopie, werden die typischen Schädigungsstrukturen des ESC sichtbar. Die fibrillierten Strukturen des ESC auf der Bruchfläche von PE-HD ergeben sich besonders bei oberflächenaktiven wässrigen Umgebungsmedien. In Lösungsmittel-Umgebungsmedien, im Zusammenspiel mit PE-HD, kommt es aufgrund der plastifizierenden Wirkung zur Herabsetzung der Streckspannung und Bruchflächen aus dem FNCT veranschaulichen keine signifikanten Anzeichen des Schädigungsmechanismus ESC. T2 - 47. VDI-Jahrestagung Schadensanalyse 2021- Mediale und klimatische Beanspruchung von polymeren Produkten CY - Würzburg, Germany DA - 06.10.2021 KW - Umgebungsbedingter Spannungsriss KW - Polyethylen hoher Dichte KW - Full Notch Creep Test KW - Lösungsmittel KW - Oberflächenaktive wässrige Medien KW - Bruchflächenauswertung PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53665 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gebhardt, M. A1 - Malolakis, I. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Chakraborty, S. A1 - Meiners, D. T1 - Re-use potential of carbon fibre fabric recovered from infusible thermoplastic CFRPs in 2nd generation thermosetting-matrix composites N2 - The research presented here attempts to assess the potential for re-using carbon fibre (CF) fabrics recovered from recycling infusible acrylic thermoplastic carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) in a universal manner, i.e. by combining with a wide variety of matrices to manufacture 2nd generation composite laminates by resin infusion. The 2nd generation composites have been compared in terms of bulk and interfacial properties against counteparts processed with virgin carbon fibre fabric infused with the same matrices. Generally, an increase in damping (tanδ) was observed in all 2nd generation composites, which can be attributed to a residual thin thermoplastic layer present on the recovered fibres. The interfacial adhesion of the 2nd generation Composites was investigated by shear tests and scanning electron micsoscopy, and also appears to be less influenced by the type of matrix. KW - Composite recycling KW - Thermoplastic matrix KW - Thermosetting resin KW - Fibre/matrix bonding PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2021.100974 VL - 28 SP - 100974 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Niederlande AN - OPUS4-53639 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tielemann, Christopher A1 - Busch, R. A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Patzig, C. A1 - Höche, T. A1 - Avramov, I. A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Oriented surface nucleation in diopside glass N2 - Es wird die Texturbildung in kristallisierendem Diopsidglas im Zusammenhang mit der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit der unbehandelten Probe untersucht. Zudem wird der diskutiert, dass es sich bei der Texturbildung in Gläsern höchstwahrscheinlich um ein Nukleationsphänomen handelt welches auf die richtungsabhängige Grenzflächenenergie der kristallisierenden Phase zurückzuführen ist. N2 - Oriented surface crystallization on polished diopside glass surfaces has been studied with scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and laser scanning microscopy. An orientation preference of [001] parallel to the glass surface was detected for separately growing diopside crystals even as small as 700 nm in size. This finding shows that crystal orientation occurs in the outermost surface layer without crystal-crystal interaction and indicates that the crystal orientation is a result of oriented nucleation. Depending on surface preparation, monomodal crystal orientation distributions with [100] perpendicular to the surface or bimodal distributions with [100] and [010] perpendicular to the glass Surface were detected. It was also shown that the degree of crystal orientation increases with decreasing Surface roughness. The observed orientation of diopside crystals could be explained in terms of the interfacial energies of different crystal faces. KW - Surface energy KW - Glass ceramic KW - Glass KW - EBSD KW - Diopsid PY - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002230932100020X DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2021.120661 SN - 0022-3093 VL - 562 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-53073 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stephan-Scherb, Christiane ED - Schorr, S. ED - Weidenthaler, C. T1 - Crystallographic challenges in corrosion research N2 - High-temperature corrosion is a widespread problem in various industries. As soon as a hot and reactive gas (CO2, O2, H2O, SO2, NOx, etc.) is in contact with a solid, physico-chemical processes at the surface and interfaces lead to material degradation. The processes are dynamic and controlled by thermodynamic and kinetic boundary conditions. Whether a reaction product is protective or not depends on various factors, such as chemical composition of the solid and the reactive media, surface treatment as well as diffusion and transport paths of cations and anions. Resulting chemical and structural inhomogeneities with the corrosion layers are characterized by off stoichiometry within cationic and anionic sub lattices. The competitive processes can be studied by various techniques of applied crystallography. This chapter gives an overview on the challenges of chemical-structural Analysis of reaction products by crystallographic methods such as X-ray diffraction and X-ray near-edge structure spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy electron backscatter diffraction (SEM-EBSD) for corrosion science. KW - High-temperature corrosion KW - Oxidation KW - Diffraction KW - Spectroscopy KW - Oxides PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110674910-009 SP - 291 PB - De Gruyter ET - 1 AN - OPUS4-52903 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Trappe, Volker A1 - Kraus, David T1 - Thermo-mechanical fatigue of glass fiber reinforced polymer N2 - Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) materials in practical applications have to endure cyclic mechanical loading in a wide temperature range (e.g. aircraft applications, automotive, wind turbine blades). In this study the static strength and fatigue behavior of GFRP was investigated in a temperature range from 213 K to 343 K. Therefor the coefficients of thermal expansion of the composite as well as the matrix are measured in this temperature interval. The inverse laminate theory was extended and used to calculate the inter fiber-failure effort for a virtual UD-layer according to the layer wise strength approach. The experimentally determined results are compared with the micro-mechanical model according to Krimmer, which has been enhanced to include the effect of temperature and fiber-perpendicular failure modes. A correlation between matrix effort, the dilatational strain energy of the matrix and the damage state of the specimen is demonstrated. It is shown that a fatigue life assessment can be performed with the aid of a temperature-independent master fatigue curve, as it was similar done for the fatigue behavior of CFRP and GFRP to very high load cycles at room temperature. T2 - ICFC8 - The 8th International Conference on the Fatigue of Composites CY - Online meeting DA - 23.06.2021 KW - Glass fibre reinforced plastics KW - Fatigue KW - Thermo-mechanical-loading PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52910 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit A1 - Schriever, Sina T1 - BAM reference data - Results of ASTM E139-11 creep tests on a reference material of Nimonic 75 nickel-base alloy N2 - Results of creep tests on a certified reference material at T = 600°C and a tensile creep load of 160 MPa are provided. The evaluated results include the times to reach 2% and 4% creep strain, respectively, and the creep rate after 400 h. The data were audited and are BAM reference data. KW - Reference data KW - Creep KW - Nickel-base alloy KW - Nimonic 75 KW - Reference material BCR-425 PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5106606 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-52970 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -