TY - CONF A1 - Schoknecht, Ute T1 - Leaching und Transformation von Bioziden aus Fassadenfarben N2 - Anhand von Beobachtungen aus Labor- und Freilandversuchen wurde dargestellt, wie Wasserkontakt und Strahlung die Auslaugung und Transformation der Wirkstoffe Diuron und Terbutryn beeinflussen. Auf Optionen zur modellhaften Darstellung dieser Prozesse wurde kurz eingegangen. T2 - Optimierung und Minimierung des Biozideinsatzes in Baustoffen CY - Online meeting DA - 09.02.2022 KW - Leaching KW - Transformation KW - Biozid KW - Fassadenfarbe PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55273 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schoknecht, Ute T1 - The Impact of Weather Conditions on Biocides in Paints N2 - Aim. The European biocidal products regulation requires environmental risk assessments for biocidal products under service conditions. This is only possible, if processes that lead to biocide emissions into the environment are understood and can be reasonably predicted. Actual emissions due to leaching result from different processes that are affected by material properties and environmental conditions. Transformation of biocides can affect emissions considerably. Leaching and possible transformation of the film preservatives carbendazim, diuron, OIT and terbutryn in paints was observed under laboratory and field conditons in order to investigate the influence of different factors, e.g. water contact and radiation on biocide emissions. The paints contained either white titanium dioxide or a red iron oxide pigment to check whether pigments affect leaching processes. Methods. Test specimens of a water-based styrene acrylic dispersion paint on glass were exposed to UVA-radiation in a UV weathering device and/or exposed to water contact by immersion events on the basis of the European standard EN 16105. Plywood panels were coated and exposed to natural weather conditions in a semi-field experiment. Concentrations of biocides and transformation products were analysed in leachates from laboratory tests, runoff samples and remaining coatings. Results. The impact of weathering conditions on transformation processes differs for the investigated active substances. Water contact, radiation as well as pigments in the paints determine the pattern and amount of transformation products on coatings, leachates and runoff water. Observations from laboratory and field experiments were compared. It proved that results from laboratory tests support understanding of data from field experiments. Detailed knowledge on the fate of active substances under environmental conditions supports manufacturers to develop safe applications of film preservatives and authorities to evaluate its environmental impact. T2 - European Technical Coatings Congress 2022 CY - Kraków, Poland DA - 12.07.2022 KW - Paints KW - Biocides KW - Transformation KW - Emission PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55274 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schoknecht, Ute T1 - Leaching und Transformation von Bioziden aus Fassadenfarben N2 - Anhand von Beobachtungen aus Labor- und Freilandversuchen wird dargestellt, wie Wasserkontakt und Strahlung die Auslaugung und Transformation der Wirkstoffe Diuron und Terbutryn beeinflussen. Auf Optionen zur modellhaften Darstellung dieser Prozesse wird kurz eingegangen. T2 - OMiBiB - Optimierung und Minimierung des Biozideinsatzes in Baustoffen CY - Online meeting DA - 09.02.2022 KW - Leaching KW - Transformation KW - Biozide KW - Fassadenfarben PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54318 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schoknecht, Ute A1 - Mathies, Helena T1 - Transformation of biocides in organic coatings due to UV radiation and water contact N2 - Transformation of carbendazim, diuron, octylisothiazolinone and terbutryn was investigated in two paints containing either white titanium dioxide or a red iron oxide pigment. Test specimens of these coatings on glass were exposed to water contact and UVA-radiation under laboratory conditions. Panels of birch plywood were coated and exposed to natural weather conditions in a field experiment. Concentrations of biocides and transformation products were analysed in leachates from laboratory tests, runoff samples and remaining coatings. Water contact, UVA radiation as well as pigments in the paints affected the pattern and amount of transformation products. T2 - Advanced Coationgs Technology '18 CY - Sosnowiec, Poland DA - 13.11.2018 KW - Biocide KW - Transformation KW - Weathering KW - UV radiation PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46648 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Selina A1 - Schreiber, Frank T1 - Antimicrobial resistance in soil microbes mediated by resistance evolution and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) N2 - Biocides are in contact with soils through direct application and passive leaching from protected materials. Consequently, soil microorganisms are exposed to biocides even though they are not their primary targets. Soil is a large reservoir of microbial diversity and has been hypothesized to be a crucial factor for the evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Currently, there is little knowledge on how biocides used to protect materials affect the evolution and spread of resistance. Thus, our aim is to investigate the risk for the evolution of biocide resistance and cross-resistance to antibiotics. In addition, we aim to elucidate the affect of biocides on the spread of resistance via horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In adaptive laboratory evolution experiments we cultured selected model soil microorganism with representative biocides under selection regimes with increasing and stable biocide concentrations followed by antibiotic and biocide cross-resistance determination. Moreover, we investigate if the selected biocides affect the rates of de novo mutations and HGT of plasmids that carry resistance genes among soil microorganism. Our results show only small increases of biocide resistance during serial transfers under increasing biocide concentrations. One reason for this might be the narrow selective window for biocide resistance due to steep dose-response relationships. Furthermore, our results indicate that a stable low-level biocide regime did not select for high level cross-resistance to antibiotics and other biocides. Moreover, material preservatives affected the rates of HGT via conjugation and the mutation rates at sub-inhibitory concentrations. The results will enable future risk assessment regarding resistance evolution for biocides used as material preservatives. T2 - 4th Evo Eco PhD Meeting CY - Lutherstadt Wittenberg DA - 04.03.2020 KW - Microbiology KW - Biocides KW - Horizontal gene transfer HGT KW - Resistance evolution KW - Antimicrobial resistance PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51313 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Selina A1 - Kanaris, Orestis A1 - Nordholt, Niclas A1 - Schreiber, Frank T1 - Effect of biocides on the evolution and spread of resistance N2 - Biocides used as material preservatives are in contact with various environments during direct application or passive leaching from protected materials [1]. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem and the environment is an important compartment for the evolution and transmission of AMR [2,3]. Soil is an environment with a large reservoir of natural microbial communities and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. Those natural microbial communities are frequently exposed to biocides used as material preservatives. Previous studies have shown that antibiotics, metals and pesticides affect the underlying processes of resistance evolution and spread; namely de novo mutagenesis and horizontal gene transfer by conjugation and transformation in microbial communities. However, it is unknown if active substances used in material preservatives are involved in these processes. We show that biocides used as material preservatives affect rates of mutation and conjugation in microorganism in a species- and substance-dependent manner, while rates of transformation are not directly affected. Our data highlights the importance of assessing the contribution of material preservatives on AMR evolution and spread in the environment. T2 - RokoCon2022 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 29.09.2022 KW - Biocide KW - Antimicrobial resistance KW - Tolerance KW - Horizontal gene transfer KW - Mutation rate PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56431 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Selina A1 - Schreiber, Frank T1 - Effect of biocides on the evolution and spread of resistance N2 - Biocides used as material preservatives are in contact with various environments during direct application or passive leaching from protected materials. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem and the environment is an important compartment for the evolution and transmission of AMR. Soil is an environment with a large reservoir of natural microbial communities and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. Those natural microbial communities are frequently exposed to biocides used as material preservatives. Previous studies have shown that antibiotics, metals and pesticides affect the underlying processes of resistance evolution and spread; namely de novo mutagenesis and horizontal gene transfer by conjugation and transformation in microbial communities. However, it is unknown if active substances used in material preservatives are involved in these processes. We show that biocides used as material preservatives affect rates of mutation and conjugation in microorganism in a species- and substance-dependent manner, while rates of transformation are not directly affected. Our data highlights the importance of assessing the contribution of material preservatives on AMR evolution and spread in the environment. T2 - Microbiome Network Meeting CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 20.07.2022 KW - Biocides KW - Antimicrobial resistance KW - Horizontal gene transfer KW - Mutation rate PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56426 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Alexandra A1 - Bresch, Harald T1 - OECD test guideline on particle size and size distribution: Comparability of measurement results N2 - OECD-Prüfrichtlinien werden weltweit für regulatorische Zwecke angewandt, da sie eine harmonisierte und über internationale Ringversuche validierte Vorschrift zur Analyse vorgeben. Die bestehende Prüfrichtlinie TG 110 zur Größencharakterisierung von Partikeln und Fasern ist für viele Methoden und Materialklassen nicht geeignet, weswegen es Bedarf an einer Neuentwicklung gibt. Im Fokus der neuen TG steht die reproduzierbare und vergleichbare Anwendung von Methoden zur Bestimmung von Partikelgröße sowie Größenverteilung annährend sphärischer und faserförmiger Nanomaterialien im Bereich 1-1000 nm. Berücksichtigt werden die häufig angewandten Methoden zur Größencharakterisierung mit ihren unterschiedlichen physikalisch-technischen Limitierungen und die Bestimmung unterschiedlicher Durchmesser (hydrodynamischer, Feret…). Weiterhin sind materialspezifische Einflüsse durch die Partikel sowie das Messmedium zu berücksichtigen. Jede der Methoden soll unter Berücksichtigung von ISO-Standards und den materialspezifischen Limitierungen in der neuen Prüfrichtlinie beschrieben und über einen Ringversuch validiert werden. T2 - BAM BfR Workshop CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 21.03.2019 KW - OECD KW - Nanoparticle KW - Particle Size KW - Nano KW - Characterization PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47633 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schlögel, Kai A1 - Loose, Florian A1 - Hee, Johann A1 - Quicker, Peter A1 - Adam, Christian T1 - Enhancing the Sustainability of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP Strategies for Effective Feedstock Recycling as Reducing Agents in Pyrometallurgy N2 - Despite its contribution to tackling climate change by lightweight design, growing CFRP production also results in a global waste generation of 62 kt/a. Accordingly, the energy-intensive production process of carbon fibers (CF) necessitates sustainable recycling solutions. Herein we will give an overview of current recycling processes, discuss their limitations and present a novel approach for safe treatment of CF unsuitable for material recovery . Our project CF Pyro examines feedstock recycling in pyrometallurgical processes, focusing on reactivity of CF, process stability and prevention of hazardous WHO fiber release. Besides fundamental experimental breakthroughs, their broader impact on circular economy will be presented. T2 - CU Online Forum „Composites and Sustainability“ CY - Online meeting DA - 29.06.2021 KW - Carbon Fibers KW - Recycling KW - Electric Arc Furnace KW - CFRP KW - Pyrometallurgy KW - Steelmaking PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52920 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schliephake, H. A1 - Adam, Christian T1 - CFK-Abfälle als Primärkohleersatz Im Lichtbogenofen bei der Stahlerzeugung N2 - CFK-Abfälle werden trotz der bestehenden Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung der Carbonfasern zukünftig vermehrt anfallen. Für diese Abfälle wird nach technischen Lösungen der energetischen oder stofflichen Verwertung gesucht. Eine Möglichkeit ist die Nutzung der CFK-Abfälle als Primärkohleersatz im Lichtbogenofen bei der Stahlherstellung. T2 - 3. Fachtagung Composite Recycling & LCA CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 20.02.2019 KW - Carbonfaser KW - CFK PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47438 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rühle, Bastian A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Radnick, Jörg T1 - Perspektive der BAM auf neuartige Materialien N2 - Neuartige Materialien, die bekannte (Werk-)Stoffe mit neuen Funktionalitäten ausstatten, spielen eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle im Bereich der Materialforschung und -prüfung. Das Spektrum neuartiger Materialien reicht von der gezielten Oberflächenfunktionalisierung und -strukturierung makroskopischer Materialien, dünnen Beschichtungen bis hin zu mikro- und nanoskaligen Kompositmaterialien und funktionalen Materialien an der Schnittstelle zur Biologie, Biotechnologie, nachhaltige Energiespeicherung und Sensorik. Dabei bieten neuartige Materialien die Chance, Werkstoffe und Produkte mit erweiterter oder verbesserter Funktionalität zu erhalten und Sicherheit bereits im Designprozess zu berücksichtigen. Durch dieses breite Anwendungsspektrum und die Herausforderungen, die solche Materialien für die Sicherheit in Chemie und Technik mit sich bringen, sind diese in allen Themenfeldern der BAM repräsentiert (Material, Analytical Sciences, Energie, Infrastruktur und Umwelt). Die Aufgaben der BAM erstrecken sich dabei von der Herstellung von Referenzmaterialien für Industrie, Forschung und Regulation, über die Erstellung von standardisierten Referenzverfahren für nachhaltige Messungen im Umwelt- und Lebenswissenschaftsbereich bis hin zur Bereitstellung von belastbaren und zitierbaren Referenzdaten. Durch die genaue Charakterisierung neuartiger Materialien können potentiell problematische Substanzen identifiziert und deren Risiken besser abgeschätzt werden. In diesem Beitrag werden einige aktuelle Beispiele aus diesen Bereichen vorgestellt. T2 - NanoDialog der Bundesregierung - Chancen und Risiken von Neuartigen Materialien CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 22.05.2019 KW - Advanced Materials KW - Nanomaterialien KW - Neuartige Materialien PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49594 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ronen, A. A1 - Panglisch, S. A1 - Vogel, Christian A1 - Leube, Peter A1 - Ben Efrain, R. A1 - Nir, O. A1 - Chaudhary, M A1 - Futterlieb, M. T1 - Detection, Quantification and Treatment of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Groundwater N2 - The research project focuses on tackling the detection, measurement, and elimination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from polluted groundwater, with a particular emphasis on addressing short (C4-C7) and ultrashort (C1-C3) chain PFAS. Given the widespread use of PFAS in various products, they are commonly found in groundwater near industrial and military sites in Germany and Israel. Moreover, recent regulations limiting the use of long chain PFAS have led industries to shift towards shorter chain alternatives. Hence, our efforts are geared towards refining detection, quantification, and removal methods for short and ultrashort chain PFAS. In terms of detection, ww are developing passive sampling devices capable of collecting and tracking the temporal distribution of PFAS species in groundwater. This will enable us to analyze contaminations in German and Israeli groundwater using cutting-edge analytical techniques. Additionally, contaminated groundwater will undergo a two-stage treatment process aimed at concentrating the relatively low PFAS concentrations using innovative membrane technologies such as closed-circuit reverse osmosis and mixed matrix composite nanofiltration membrane adsorbers. Subsequently, the streams containing higher PFAS concentrations will be treated through coagulation, with the remaining PFAS being adsorbed onto carbonaceous nanomaterials. The outcome of this research will include the creation of advanced tools for detecting, measuring, and eliminating PFAS from polluted groundwater, while also enhancing our understanding of the scope of these contaminations. T2 - German Israeli Water Technology Status Seminar CY - Koblenz, Germany DA - 18.06.2024 KW - Ground water KW - Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) KW - Remediation PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60328 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roesch, Philipp A1 - Wittwer, Philipp A1 - Simon, Franz-Georg T1 - CIC & HR-GFMAS: Über Summenparameter in der PFAS-Analytik - Entwicklung von AOF-Parametern anhand Combustion Ion Chromatography N2 - Kurzzsammenfassung der bisherigen Ergebnisse der Vorhaben 4320 und 4390 beim Netzwerktreffen des PerFluSan Netzwerks T2 - Netzwerktreffen PerFluSan CY - Online meeting DA - 19.11.2020 KW - PFAS KW - PFC KW - AOF KW - EOF PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51625 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roesch, Philipp A1 - Vogel, Christian T1 - micro-XRF und XANES-Analytik von PFAS N2 - Ergebnispräsentation über gesammelte Ergebnisse der Synchrotron F µ-XRF und -XANES Spektroskopischen Untersuchungen von PFAS und PFAS-haltigen Materialien T2 - Online-Seminar des Fortbildungsverbundes Boden und Altlasten Baden-Württemberg CY - Online meeting DA - 07.12.23 KW - PFAS KW - XANES KW - XRF KW - Röntgenspektroskopie KW - Synchrotron PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-59077 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roesch, Philipp A1 - Wittwer, Philipp T1 - Current challenges on PFAS analytics N2 - Several thousand PFAS are in circulation and the current challenge lies in detection of these compounds. Wheter environmental contamination occurs via industrial emission or direct PFAS exposure, as through the use of AFFF fire fighting foams. Wheter PFAS need to be detected in consumer products or agricultral soil, or wheter human and wildlife exposure to PFSA needs to be evaluated, suitable analytical methods are required to identifiy the target class within a hugh variety of matrices. At the same time it is critical to detect trace amounts of compounds within various matrices, we want to make sure that we consider very volatile and mobile species, simultaneously want to assure that we do not overlook less and insoluble compounds. We require methods that allow both single and multi target analysis and want to have an ideal overview with the help of sum parameters. T2 - Workshop - Advancements of Analytical Techniques for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) CY - Online meeting DA - 01.09.2021 KW - PFAS KW - PFAS analytics KW - EOF/AOF PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53196 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roesch, Philipp A1 - Vogel, Christian A1 - Wittwer, Philipp A1 - Simon, Franz-Georg T1 - Analysis of PFAS in Environmental Samples and Materials - Different Approaches via Fluorine K-Edge XANES Spectroscopy and Combustion Ion Chromatography N2 - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have emerged over the course of the last twenty years as a global pollution issue. Altogether, there are currently more than 4700 known but only partly characterized fluorinated compounds identified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), as shown by a recently published classification proposal. The ongoing production of new, yet unrestricted PFAS alternatives has become a major challenge for environmental routine analytics, since the state-of-the-art method LC-MS/MS relies on structural information and availability of isotope standards of the targeted compound. First reported by Miyake et al., fluorine sum parameters like adsorbable organic fluorine (AOF), extractable organic fluorine (EOF) and total fluorine (TF) can be applied to survey and detect the presence of large amounts of unidentified organofluorine compounds in environmental matrices. Today fluorine sum parameters have been established as a useful supplement to classic target-analytical approaches of PFAS and were implemented for the first time as a sum value “PFAS-total” in the recently revised Drinking Water Directive (2020/2184) by the European Commission. In contrast, X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy has been widely applied to identify low concentration of element-specific contamination without pre-treatment in environmental samples in the past. The XANES approach enables a penetration depth of approx. 1 µm (at fluorine K-edge energy; depending on the matrix) which is significantly deeper than for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS; penetration depth approx. 10 nm). Furthermore, the method is fast, non-destructive and only simple preparation of the samples is required. In our work, we combined both F-XANES spectroscopy and combustion ion chromatography (CIC) in order to present a new analytical perspective on the investigation of PFAS in environmental media and material samples. T2 - SETAC Europe 2022 - 32nd Annual Meeting CY - Kopenhagen, Dänemark DA - 15.05.2022 KW - Sum parameter analysis KW - EOF KW - CIC KW - Fluor XANES KW - PFAS analysis PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54884 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roesch, Philipp A1 - Vogel, Christian A1 - Simon, Franz-Georg T1 - 8. Netzwerktreffen PerFluSan N2 - Vorstellung der Projektarbeit der BAM auf dem 8. Netzwerktreffen PerFluSan in Dresden T2 - 8. Netzwerktreffen PerFluSan CY - Fraunhofer IKTS, Dresden, Germany DA - 09.03.2020 KW - PFC KW - Sanierung KW - Kontamination KW - Boden PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-50552 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Roesch, Philipp T1 - Summenparameter in der PFAS-Analytik - CIC & HR-GFMAS Methodenvergleich N2 - Gastvortrag auf der 43. Sitzung des Fachbeirates Bodenuntersuchungen über Summenparameter in der PFAS-Analytik und den CIC & HR-GFMAS Methodenvergleich. T2 - 43. Sitzung des Fachbeirates Bodenuntersuchungen CY - Online meeting DA - 18.02.2021 KW - PFAS KW - Analytik KW - CIC KW - HR-GF-MAS KW - Summenparameter PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-52148 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Grimmer, Christoph A1 - Musyanovych, A. A1 - Strzelczyk, Rebecca Skadi A1 - Horn, Wolfgang T1 - Emission reference materials for indoor air measurements N2 - In industrialised countries more than 80% of the time is spent indoors. Products, such as building materials and furniture, emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are therefore ubiquitous in indoor air. VOC in combination may, under certain environmental and occupational conditions, result in reported sensory irritation and health complaints. Emission concentrations can become further elevated in new or refurbished buildings where the rate of air exchange with fresh ambient air may be limited due to improved energy saving aspects. A healthy indoor environment can be achieved by controlling the sources and by eliminating or limiting the release of harmful substances into the air. One way is to use (building) materials proved to be low emitting. Meanwhile, a worldwide network of professional commercial and non-commercial laboratories performing emission tests for the evaluation of products for interior use has been established. Therefore, comparability of test results must be ensured. A laboratory’s proficiency can be proven by internal and external validation measures that both include the application of suitable emission reference materials (ERM). For the emission test chamber procedure according to EN 16516, no artificial ERM is commercially available. The EU-funded EMPIR project MetrIAQ aims to fill this gap by developing new and improved ERMs. The goal is to obtain a material with a reproducible and temporally constant compound release (less than 10 % variability over 14 days). Two approaches were tested: the impregnation of porous materials with VOC, and the encapsulation of VOC in polymer microcapsules. Impregnation is performed with help of an autoclave and supercritical CO2. The encapsulation is done by interfacial polymerisation on VOC droplets. For both approaches, synthesis and/or material parameters were varied to obtain an optimal ERM. Findings about the optimisation of ERM generation, as well as performance of the best emission reference materials, will be presented. T2 - GAS Analysis 2024 CY - Paris, France DA - 30.01.2024 KW - Emission reference materials KW - Materials emissions test KW - VOC KW - Indoor air quality PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-59506 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Mölders, N. A1 - Sauerwald, T. A1 - Schultealbert, C. A1 - Mull, B. T1 - Two new promising approaches for quality assurance measures for materials emissions testing N2 - Two new approaches towards an emission reference material for use in quality assurance measures for materials emissions testing were developed and intensively tested. The overall goal was to obtain solid materials with homogenous and reproducible (S)VOC release. Since the application in inter-laboratory comparisons is aimed at, it should furthermore be long-term stable to ensure safe shipment to the customer without sustaining compound losses. In the first approach, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was impregnated with the VOC texanol under high-pressure with liquid CO2 as solvent. In the second, styrene (VOC) and the SVOC 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (DIPN) were spiked into vacuum grease (VG) and a mixture of paraf-fin/squalane (P/S). For the prediction of the emission rates a finite element model (FEM) was developed for the VG and P/S type materials. All requirements for reference materials were fulfilled, whereas the TPU samples need to be aged for about 10 days until repeatable and reproducible emission rates were obtained. T2 - Indoor Air 2018 CY - Philadelphia, PA, USA DA - 22.07.2018 KW - Emission reference material KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - CO2 assisted impregnation KW - FEM model PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45611 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -