TY - JOUR A1 - Armitage, S. AO A1 - Genersch, E. A1 - McMahon, Dino Peter A1 - Rafaluk-Mohr, C. A1 - Rolff, J. ED - Milutinovic, B. ED - Armitage, S. AO T1 - Tripartite interactions: how immunity, microbiota and pathogens interact and affect pathogen virulence evolution N2 - The bipartite interactions between insect hosts and their bacterial gut microbiota, or their bacterial pathogens, are empirically and theoretically well-explored. However, direct, and indirect tripartite interactions will also likely occur inside a host. These interactions will almost certainly affect the trajectory of pathogen virulence evolution, an area that is currently under researched. The interactions within tripartite associations can be competitive, that is, exploitative-competition, interference-competition or apparent-competition. Competitive interactions will be significantly influenced by non-competitive effects, for example, immunopathology, immunosuppression, and microbiota-mediated tolerance. Considering a combination of these interactions and effects, will enable an increased understanding of the evolution of pathogen virulence. This new perspective allows us to identify several novel research questions, which we hope will be a useful framework for future research. KW - Tripartite interactions KW - Community-level interactions KW - Microbiota KW - Pathogen virulence KW - Host immunity PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/J.cois.2021.12.011 VL - 50 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier Inc. CY - Amsterdam, Netherlands AN - OPUS4-54357 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brandt, S. A1 - Brozowski, Frank A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Plehn, W. A1 - Müller, B. T1 - Weiterentwicklung des Geruchsmessverfahrens für Bauprodukte (Teil II): Anwendung eines Adapters und vereinfachtes Bewertungsverfahren T1 - Further Development of the Odour Measurement Method for Building Products (Part II) N2 - Zur Weiterentwicklung der Probenpräsentation wurde ein Adapter entwickelt, der Emissionsprüfkammer und Bewertungstrichter miteinander verbindet und dadurch eine der direkten Messung vergleichbare Geruchsbewertung ermöglicht. Die analytischen Messungen zeigen, dass es kaum Unterschiede in der Zusammensetzung der Probenluft in der Kammer im Vergleich zum Probenbehälter gibt. Bei den olfaktorischen Messungen kam es jedoch bei der Bewertung der Probenluft mit Hilfe des Adapters zu Minderbefunden. Anschließende Untersuchungen zeigten, dass beim Ausschalten des Geräts Umgebungsluft über den Trichter in den Adapter strömt und zu einer Verdünnung der Probenluft führt. Um dies zu vermeiden, werden derzeit weitere Messungen durchgeführt. Eine weitere Versuchsreihe wurde durchgeführt, um den Messaufwand bei der Bewertung der empfundenen Intensität zu reduzieren. Die entwickelte „größer-oder-kleiner/gleich“ Abfrage kann hier hilfreich sein. Die Untersuchungen im Luftqualitätslabor und im Rahmen eines Ringversuches mit verschiedenen Laboren, zeigen, dass die Abfrage in fast allen Fällen zu den gleichen Ergebnissen führt, wie die normgerechte aber aufwendigere Ermittlung der empfundenen Intensität mithilfe des Vergleichsmaßstabes. N2 - For technical improvement of sample presentation an adapter was developed to connect the emission test chamber with the evaluation funnel and thus enabling a more direct measurement. The analytical measurements demonstrate that the air has a very similar composition sampled at the funnel or in the emission test chamber. The results of the olfactory measurements show overall that the intensities determined using the adapter are often reported as lower. Further investigations have shown that air backflow via the funnel into the sample container of the adapter may be the cause. This has to be avoided in future. Another experimental series was carried out to reduce the measurement effort of evaluation of perceived intensity. Here application of the developed ‘greater than, or less than/equal to’ survey could be helpful. The results of the measurements in the air quality lab and in the frame of a round robin test indicate, that the survey leads to the same evaluation as the more complex determination of perceived intensity with standard method. KW - Geruchsmessung KW - VOC-Emission KW - Bauprodukte KW - Bewertungsverfahren PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-549875 UR - http://www.gefahrstoffe.de SN - 0949-8036 SN - 1436-4891 VL - 82 IS - 3-4 SP - 83 EP - 89 PB - VDI Fachmedien CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-54987 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sieksmeyer, T. A1 - He, S. A1 - Esparza Mora, Margy Alejandra A1 - Jiang, S. A1 - Petrasiunaite, V. A1 - Kuropka, B. A1 - Banasiak, Ronald A1 - Julseth, M. J. A1 - Weise, C. A1 - Johnston, P. R. A1 - Rodriguez-Rojas, A. A1 - McMahon, Dino Peter T1 - Eating in a losing cause: Limited benefit of modifed macronutrient consumption following infection in the oriental cockroach Blatta orientalis N2 - Background: Host–pathogen interactions can lead to dramatic changes in host feeding behaviour. One aspect of this includes self-medication, where infected individuals consume substances such as toxins or alter their macronutrient consumption to enhance immune competence. Another widely adopted animal response to infection is illness-induced anorexia, which is thought to assist host immunity directly or by limiting the nutritional resources available to pathogens. Here, we recorded macronutrient preferences of the global pest cockroach, Blatta orientalis to investigate how shifts in host macronutrient dietary preference and quantity of carbohydrate (C) and protein (P) interact with immunity following bacterial infection. Results: We fnd that B. orientalis avoids diets enriched for P under normal conditions, and that high P diets reduce cockroach survival in the long term. However, following bacterial challenge, cockroaches signifcantly reduced their overall nutrient intake, particularly of carbohydrates, and increased the relative ratio of protein (P:C) consumed. Surprisingly, these behavioural shifts had a limited efect on cockroach immunity and survival, with minor changes to immune protein abundance and antimicrobial activity between individuals placed on diferent diets, regardless of infection status. Conclusions: We show that cockroach feeding behaviour can be modulated by a pathogen, resulting in an illness-induced anorexia-like feeding response and a shift from a C-enriched to a more P:C equal diet. However, our results also indicate that such responses do not provide signifcant immune protection in B. orientalis, suggesting that the host’s dietary shift might also result from random rather than directed behaviour. The lack of an apparent beneft of the shift in feeding behaviour highlights a possible reduced importance of diet in immune regulation in these invasive animals, although further investigations employing pathogens with alternative infection strategies are warranted. KW - Animal immune system KW - A key interface KW - Host and symbiont ecology KW - Behavioural mechanisms KW - Biotic environment PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-550022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-022-02007-8 SN - 2730-7182 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer Nature CY - London, UK AN - OPUS4-55002 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Beate A1 - Pfeiffer, F. A1 - Dyall-Smith, M. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg T1 - Genome Sequence of Micromonospora aurantiaca Strain G9, a Member of a Bacterial Consortium Capable of Polyethylene Degradation N2 - Nine different bacterial isolates were recovered from landfills. Each isolate was obtained in pure culture. As a consortium, the bacteria degrade polyethylene. The complete genome sequence of strain G9 was determined by PacBio sequencing. Using the TYGS server for taxonomic classification, strain G9 was assigned to the species Micromonospora aurantiaca. KW - Polyethylene KW - Micromonospora aurantiaca KW - Degradation KW - iChip PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-547181 DO - https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01148-21 SN - 2576-098X VL - 11 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - American Society for Microbiology CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-54718 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Beate A1 - Pfeiffer, F. A1 - Dyall-Smith, M. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg T1 - Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas veronii Strain G2, a Member of a Bacterial Consortium Capable of Polyethylene Degradation N2 - Nine different bacterial isolates were recovered from landfills. Each isolate was obtained in pure culture. As a consortium, the bacteria degrade polyethylene. The complete genome sequence of strain G2 was determined by PacBio sequencing. Using the TYGS server for taxonomic classification, strain G2 was assigned to the species Pseudomonas veronii. KW - Polyethylene KW - Next generation sequencing KW - Pseudomonas veronii PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-548973 DO - https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.00365-22 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - ASM AN - OPUS4-54897 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Beate A1 - Pfeiffer, F. A1 - Dyall-Smith, M. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg T1 - Genome Sequence of Cupriavidus campinensis Strain G5, a Member of a Bacterial Consortium Capable of Polyethylene Degradation N2 - Nine different bacterial isolates were recovered from landfills. Each isolate was obtained in pure culture. As a consortium, the bacteria degrade polyethylene. The complete genome sequence of strain G5 was determined by PacBio sequencing. Using the TYGS for taxonomic classification, strain G5 was assigned to the species Cupriavidus campinensis. KW - Polyethylene KW - Cupriavidus campinensis KW - Plastic degradation KW - Genome sequence PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-557897 DO - https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.00553-22 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - ASM AN - OPUS4-55789 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Simon, Franz-Georg A1 - Gleis, M. A1 - Karpf, R. A1 - Kanefke, R. A1 - Beckmann, M. T1 - Kreislaufwirtschaft braucht Verbrennung N2 - Warum eine Kreislaufwirtschaft ohne Abfallverbrennung nicht funktionieren wird, beschreibt die Dechema im Positionspapier „Abfallverbrennung in der Zukunft“. Experten der Fachgruppe „Abfallbehandlung und Wertstoffrückgewinnung“ von ProcessNet, einer gemeinsamen Initiative der Dechema und der VDI-Gesellschaft Verfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, haben es erstellt. KW - Abfallverbrennung KW - Kreislaufwirtschaft KW - Ersatzbaustoffe PY - 2022 SN - 1436-5103 VL - 52 IS - 5-6 SP - 30 EP - 32 PB - VDI Fachmedien CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-54838 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hobmeier, K. A1 - Oppermann, M. A1 - Stasinski, N. A1 - Kremling, A. A1 - Pflüger-Grau, K. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg A1 - Marin Sanguino, A. T1 - Metabolic engineering of Halomonas elongata: Ectoine secretion is increased by demand and supply driven approaches N2 - The application of naturally-derived biomolecules in everyday products, replacing conventional synthetic manufacturing, is an ever-increasing market. An example of this is the compatible solute ectoine, which is contained in a plethora of treatment formulations for medicinal products and cosmetics. As of today, ectoine is produced in a scale of tons each year by the natural producer Halomonas elongata. In this work, we explore two complementary approaches to obtain genetically improved producer strains for ectoine production. We explore the effect of increased precursor supply (oxaloacetate) on ectoine production, as well as an implementation of increased ectoine demand through the overexpression of a transporter. Both approaches were implemented on an already genetically modified ectoine-excreting strain H. elongata KB2.13 (ΔteaABC ΔdoeA) and both led to new strains with higher ectoine excretion. The supply driven approach led to a 45% increase in ectoine titers in two different strains. This increase was attributed to the removal of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), which allowed the conversion of 17.9% of the glucose substrate to ectoine. For the demand driven approach, we investigated the potential of the TeaBC transmembrane proteins from the ectoine-specific Tripartite ATP-Independent Periplasmic (TRAP) transporter as export channels to improve ectoine excretion. In the absence of the substrate-binding protein TeaA, an overexpression of both subunits TeaBC facilitated a three-fold increased excretion rate of ectoine. Individually, the large subunit TeaC showed an approximately five times higher extracellular ectoine concentration per dry weight compared to TeaBC shortly after its expression was induced. However, the detrimental effect on growth and ectoine titer at the end of the process hints toward a negative impact of TeaC overexpression on membrane integrity and possibly leads to cell lysis. By using either strategy, the ectoine synthesis and excretion in H. elongata could be boosted drastically. The inherent complementary nature of these approaches point at a coordinated implementation of both as a promising strategy for future projects in Metabolic Engineering. Moreover, a wide variation of intracelllular ectoine levels was observed between the strains, which points at a major disruption of mechanisms responsible for ectoine regulation in strain KB2.13. KW - Osmoadaptation KW - Metabolic engineering PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-555644 DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.968983 SN - 1664-302X VL - 13 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-55564 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Plarre, Rüdiger ED - Sudhaus, W. ED - Wessel, A. T1 - Biologische Grundlagen und einige Folgen der Domestikation von Haustieren N2 - Permanente und nachhaltige Deckung von Grundbedürfnissen der Nahrungs- und Materialversorgung, aber auch das Ausnutzen von Arbeitshilfen, der Gebrauch von Versuchstieren in der Wissenschaft und die Freude an tierischer Begleitung in der Freizeit waren Beweggründe für die Domestikation von Tieren. Haustiere gehen auf eine zu ihrer Art gehörige Stammform einer Wildtierart zurück. Haustier und Wildtier sind somit Angehörige einer biologischen Spezies. Bei der Domestikation von Tieren spielte zwischenartliche Introgression keine Rolle. Die Domestikation von Haustieren durch Separation von kleinen Gruppen von Wildtieren erfolgte nur wenige Male an wenigen Orten (primäre Domestikationszentren). Haustiere bilden artübergreifend auffällig ähnliche morphologische und ethologische Merkmale aus (Domestikationssyndrom). Domestikation bei Wirbeltieren erfolgt primär über Selektion auf zutrauliches und zahmes Verhalten und unterliegt einem sehr komplexen pleiotropen Netzwerk von Regelkreisen. Die Domestikation ist ein koevolutiver Prozess und das Resultat eines bilateralen wechselseitigen Zusammenfindens von Prädispositionen und reziproken Valenzen der jeweiligen Partner von Haustier und Mensch. KW - Umwelt KW - Evolution KW - Domestikation PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.25671/GNF_Sber_NF_56_01 SN - 0037-5942 VL - 56 SP - 5 EP - 53 PB - Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-56986 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Plarre, Rüdiger ED - Sudhaus, W. ED - Wessel, A. T1 - Von maßlosen Übertreibungen und friedfertigen Menschen – Redensartliches mit Insektenbezug und deren sprachwissenschaftliche Zuordnung T1 - Of exorbitant exaggerations and peaceful people - figures of speech involving insects and their linguistic classification N2 - Unsere Alltagssprache bedient sich so manchem Vorbild aus der Welt der Insekten. In Sinnsprüchen, Sprichwörtern, Redewendungen und Zitaten finden Fliegen und Mücken dabei besonders häufig Verwendung und dies meist in Form der Allegorie als wichtiges rhetorisches Gestaltungsmittel. Die eng mit dem Menschen verbundene Lebensweise der Stubenfliege z. B. bietet dafür die geschichtliche und kulturelle Basis. Redensarten sind ein sprachliches Spiegelbild gelebter Kultur, was den Vergleich mit anderen Sprachen interessant macht. So hat jede Sprache ein charakteristisches Portfolio von ihnen, die sinnverwandt sein, aber auch bei wörtlicher Übersetzung zu Missverständnissen führen können. Sprachen sind nicht gegeneinander isoliert. Während ihrer Differenzierung gab es immer auch aktiven Austausch von einzelnen Sprachelementen. Diesen Prozess zu rekonstruieren ist Aufgabe der vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft, die sich dabei auch Methoden der biologisch-phylogenetischen Analyse bedient. KW - Vergleichende Linguistik KW - Kulturelle Entomologie KW - Redensarten KW - Sprache PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.25671/GNF_Sber_NF_56_05 SN - 0037-5942 VL - 56 SP - 83 EP - 104 PB - Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-56987 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -