TY - CONF A1 - Nöller, Renate A1 - Hahn, Oliver ED - Dora, C. ED - Fabian, C. ED - Knoche, M. ED - Linder, M. ED - Mittler, E. ED - Schmitz, W. T1 - VIS-Spectroscopy of Aztec colors. Possible application of a non-destructive analytical method N2 - VIS-spectrometry is a rapid, non- invasive, mobile method that offers a first overview of possible colorants used for painting. This is worked out in detail for European paintings and applied for artefacts and illuminated manuscripts. Manuscripts from Asia for example show colorful decoration identified to be mostly prepared with mineral pigments such as cinnabar, azurite, malachite or orpiment, which can be well confirmed by elemental analyses due to their color-giving metal ions. This is not the case for the colorants used in pictorial manuscripts from pre-Hispanic America, painted mainly with organic dyes from plants. The palette of colors used by the Aztecs is very rich due to their extensive empire and long- distance communication with vassal states liable to tributes including dyes of high quality. These include for example red cochineal, yellow zacatlaxcalli, tagetes, safflower, and achiotl, as well as blue indigo, or matlalli. T2 - Manuscripta Americana: Aufarbeitung einer Sammlung CY - Ibero-Amerikanisches-Institut, SPK DA - 14.02.2019 KW - Pigments KW - Dyes KW - Humboldt Codices KW - Non-destructive test PY - 2020 SN - 978-3-447-11511-7 SN - 0067-8236 VL - 53 SP - 35 EP - 57 PB - Harrassowitz Verlag CY - Wiesbaden AN - OPUS4-51934 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Nöller, Renate ED - Dora, C. ED - Fabian, C. ED - Knoche, M. ED - Linder, M. ED - Mittler, E. ED - Schmitz, W. T1 - Writing inks in the Manuscripta Americana – a pilot study N2 - The manuscripts – which have been inventoried as Manuscripta Americana in the State Library of Berlin and the Biblioteka Jagellońska in Krakow with the signatures Ms. Americ. 1-15 – are codices mainly from the colonial times of the 16th to 18th centuries. They uniquely reflect the relationships between indigenous culture and Spanish colonial masters. This study focusses on the scientific investigation of three manuscripts (Manuscripta Americana 3, 8, and 10) that are kept today in Krakow. It is assumed that these three parts belong together in a certain way, so various material analyses were carried out to prove this assumption. The scientific investigation focusses on the different black and brown writing inks. T2 - Manuscripta Americana: Aufarbeitung einer Sammlung CY - Ibero-Amerikanisches-Institut, SPK DA - 14.02.2019 KW - Humboldt Codices KW - Writing inks KW - Non-destructive testing PY - 2020 SN - 978-3-447-11511-7 SN - 0067-8236 VL - 53 SP - 21 EP - 32 PB - Harrassowitz Verlag CY - Wiesbaden AN - OPUS4-51935 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -