TY - CONF A1 - Wiegner, Katharina A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Jann, Oliver T1 - Different possibilities for the statistical evaluation of round robin tests for volatile organic compounds in emission test chambers T2 - Healthy Buildings 2012 - 10th International conference (Proceedings) T2 - Healthy Buildings 2012 - 10th International conference CY - Brisbane, Australia DA - 2012-07-08 KW - Reference material KW - Round robin test KW - Emission test chamber KW - VOC-emission KW - Product emission testing PY - 2012 SN - 978-1-921897-40-5 SP - 1 EP - 2 (8B.6) AN - OPUS4-27526 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Juritsch, Elevtheria A1 - Till, Carola A1 - Kirchner, D. T1 - European interlaboratory study for sampling VOC emissions - Step 3 - Emission test chamber measurements T2 - Healthy buildings 2009 - 9th International conference & exhibition (Proceedings) T2 - Healthy buildings 2009 - 9th International conference & exhibition CY - Syracuse, NY, USA DA - 2009-09-13 KW - VOC emission KW - Emission test chamber KW - Round robin test KW - Construction products KW - Tenax thermal desorption PY - 2009 IS - Paper 343 SP - 1 EP - 4 CY - Syracuse, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-20093 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Wilke, Olaf T1 - Quality Improvement of VOC chamber emission tests observed for 10 years with round robin tests N2 - In Europe, the Construction Products Regulation (CPR, 2011/305/EU) sets basic requirements (BR) on how construction works must be designed and built. BR 3 “hygiene, health and the environment” states low emissions of toxic gases, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCVOCs), particles, etc. from building materials. Meanwhile, a worldwide network of professional Commercial and non-commercial laboratories performing emission tests for the evaluation of products for interior use has been established. Therefore, comparability of test results must be ensured. The participation in Round Robin Tests (RRTRRTs) is a means to prove a laboratory’s proficiency. Since 2006 BAM offers such proficiency test for emission chamber test every two years. Any commercially available product on the market can be used as reference material, provided it is thoroughly characterised. However, these materials often emit only a few and material specific VOCs and appropriate homogeneity is not given. Therefore, alternative materials should be found. BAM used different materials over the years. Currently, the best suited reference material is a cured lacquer surface which contained several VOCs added to the liquid lacquer system. The round robin tests 2014, 2016 and 2018 were conducted with such a system. Compounds like Styrene or n-Alkanes like Decane or Tridecane were tested in many of the proficiency test operated by BAM. Up to now the relative standard deviation of these compounds decrease continuously. Starting with values about 30 % in 2008 we reached values for the mentioned compounds 15 to 20 % now. But even for more polar compounds improved results were received. Over the years the results of a large group of laboratories detected many compounds with much higher accuracy than at the beginning. So, the comparability between results of different laboratories becomes much better. T2 - International Conference on Risk Assessment of Indoor Air Chemicals CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 16.09.2018 KW - Chamber test KW - Round robin test KW - VOC-emission PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-47906 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang T1 - Possible reference materials for proficiency tests for emission chamber tests N2 - Emission testing of products is currently a rapidly increasing field of measurement activity. Labelling procedures for construction products are based on such emission test chamber measurements and hence measurement performance should be verified. A suited procedure for this purpose is the testing of one unique homogenous material in different laboratories within a Round Robin Test (RRT). Therefore, it is useful to have a reference material which can be used within inter-laboratory studies or as part of the quality management system to ensure comparable results. Several approaches on the development of reproducibly emitting materials have been published. These have in common only to emit a single VOC – toluene. Two further research studies carried out by BAM aimed to develop reference material for emissions testing containing one or more VOC in a single material. The first approach was a doped lacquer with Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC/SVOC) and the second was Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) or a Squalane/Paraffin mixture. Results received with the lacquer based material were presented in more detail. T2 - Airmon: 9th International Symposium on Modern Principles of Air Monitoring and Biomonitoring CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 11.06.2017 KW - Emission test chamber KW - QA/QC KW - Reference material KW - Round robin test KW - VOC PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-41936 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Schultealbart, Caroline T1 - Reference materials for round robin tests for emission test chambers – a review N2 - Since some volatile organic compounds (VOC) are dangerous to human health whilst others cause harm to the environment by influencing the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere, the overall aim of the KEY-VOCs project is to improve the measurement infrastructure for Key Volatile Organic Compounds in indoor and outdoor air. This is done by providing traceable and comparable reference gas standards and by validating new measurement systems in support to the air monitoring networks. T2 - Metrologie for indoor air quality CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 29.06.2017 KW - Emission test chamber KW - QA/QC KW - Reference material KW - Round robin test KW - VOC PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-41938 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Mull, Birte A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - Design of Reference Materials for Proficiency Tests for Measurements in Emission Test Chambers T1 - Entwicklung von Referenzmaterialien für Leistungstests bei Emissionskammermessungen N2 - Emission testing of products is currently a rapidly increasing field of measurement activity. Labelling procedures for construction products are based on such emission test chamber measurements and hence measurement performance should be verified. A suited procedure for this purpose is the testing of one unique homogenous material in different laboratories within a Round Robin Test (RRT). Therefore, it is useful to have a reference material which can be used within inter-laboratory studies or as part of the quality management system to ensure comparable results. Any commercially available product on the market can be used as reference material, provided it is thoroughly characterised. However, these materials often emit only a few and material specific VOCs and appropriate homogeneity is not given. Therefore, alternative materials should be found. Several approaches on the development of reproducibly emitting materials have been published. These have in common only to emit a single VOC – toluene. Two further research studies carried out by BAM aimed to develop reference material for emissions testing containing one or more VOC in a single material. The first approach was a doped lacquer with Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC/SVOC) and the second was Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) or a Squalane/Paraffin mixture. Currently, the second approach is not at a level that it could be tested within a RRT. Important requirements for the production of a reference material were repeatability (homogeneity), reproducibility, long-term stability in terms of compound release and transport stability. The emission rates should be high enough to obtain well measurable chamber air concentrations at standardised test conditions. The lacquer samples were prepared by weighing portions of a water-based lacquer to which defined amounts of the pure analytes were added. Defined amounts of the lacquer mixture were filled into Petri dishes and cured under standard conditions (23 °C and 50% relative humidity). Reproducible emissions were obtained when the storage time of the cured material was not longer than four weeks. The concentrations were analyzed 7 days after loading of the material into the chamber. Two RRT were conducted by use of the lacquer system. Here, the laboratories had to identify and also to quantify the compounds. The relative standard deviations obtained were typical for such a kind of test. More than 50 participants reported results. N2 - Die Untersuchung von Produkten auf deren Emissionseigenschaften ist ein aktuell wachsender Aufgabenbereich für Messinstitute. Label werden für Bauprodukte auf Basis von Emissionskammermessungen vergeben, weshalb die dabei eingesetzten Messmethoden überprüft werden sollten. Ein Ringversuch (RV), bei dem ein homogenes Material von verschiedenen Laboratorien parallel untersucht wird, ist ein geeignetes Verfahren dafür. Für einen solchen Ringversuch aber auch generell für die laborinterne Qualitätssicherung ist es sehr hilfreich ein Referenzmaterial zu haben, um gut vergleichbare Ergebnisse zu erhalten. Generell kann jedes kommerziell erhältliche Produkt als Referenzmaterial verwendet werden, wenn es gut charakterisiert ist. Allerdings emittieren die meisten Produkte nur wenige VOC und diese sind typischerweise sehr materialspezifisch. Die Homogenität der Materialien ist nicht immer gegeben, so ist es besser, nach alternativen Materialien zu suchen. Es sind schon einige Veröffentlichungen zu reproduzierbar emittierenden Materialien verfügbar. Diese enthalten bislang zumeist nur ein einzelnes VOC – Toluol. Im Rahmen von zwei Forschungsvorhaben arbeitet die BAM an der Entwicklung von Referenzmaterialien für Emissionskammer-Untersuchungen, die einzelne VOC oder VOC-Mischungen emittieren. Der erste Ansatz war die Dotierung eines kommerziellen Lackes mit einer VOC/SVOC-Mischung, weitere Untersuchungen werden mit Thermo¬plastischem Polyurethan (TPU) sowie einer Squalan/Paraffin-Mischung durchgeführt. Da mit dem zweiten Ansatz noch Tests laufen, ist damit noch kein RV durchgeführt worden. Wichtige Anforderungen an ein Referenzmaterial sind die Wiederholbarkeit (Homogenität), Reprodu-zierbarkeit und Langzeitstabilität in Bezug auf die VOC-Abgabe und die Transportstabilität. Die Emissionsraten sollten hoch genug sein, um gut messbare Kammerluft-Konzentrationen bei Standardbedingungen zu erhalten. In einen wasserbasierten Lack wurde eine VOC/SVOC-Mischung zugegeben und nach der Durchmischung wurden davon einzelne Portionen in Petrischalen abgefüllt. Diese Schalen wurden unter Standardbedingungen (23 °C und 50% relative Luftfeuchtigkeit) getrocknet. Reproduzierbare Emissionen wurden erhalten, wenn die Lagerzeit ca. vier Wochen nicht überschritten wurde. Die Konzentrationen wurden sieben Tage nach der Beladung der Kammer bestimmt. Zwei RV wurden mit einem wie oben beschriebenen Lacksystem durchgeführt. Es nahmen ca. 50 Labore teil, diese mussten die Zielsubstanzen sowohl identifizieren als auch quantifizieren. Die gefundenen Mittelwerte und Standardabweichungen lagen jeweils im zu erwartenden Bereich für solch einen RV. T2 - Odour and Emission of Plastic Materials CY - Kassel, Germany DA - 21.03.2017 KW - Ringversuch KW - Round robin test KW - Emissionskammer KW - Emission test chamber KW - Referenzmaterial KW - Reference material PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40299 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang T1 - Development of gas standards to underpin indoor air measurements N2 - Since some volatile organic compounds (VOC) are dangerous to human health whilst others cause harm to the environment by influencing the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere, the overall aim of the KEY-VOCs project is to improve the measurement infrastructure for Key Volatile Organic Compounds in indoor and outdoor air. This is done by providing traceable and comparable reference gas standards and by validating new measurement systems in support to the air monitoring networks. T2 - Webinar “Discussing impact on climate monitoring and indoor air quality measurements For registration press@inrim.it of EMRP KEYVOCs PROJECT” CY - www; webinar DA - 05.09.2017 KW - Emission test chamber KW - QA/QC KW - Reference material KW - Round robin test KW - VOC PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-41940 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Nohr, M. A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver T1 - Application of a novel reference material in an international round robin test on material emissions testing JF - Indoor Air N2 - Emission testing of products is currently a rapidly increasing field of measurement activity. Labelling procedures for construction products are based on such emission test chamber measurements and hence measurement performance should be verified. A suited procedure for this purpose is the testing of one unique homogenous material in different laboratories within a Round Robin Test (RRT). Therefore, it is useful to have a reference material which can be used within inter-laboratory studies or as part of the quality management system to ensure comparable results. Several approaches on the development of reproducibly emitting materials have been published. These have in common only to emit a single VOC – toluene. Two further research studies carried out by BAM aimed to develop reference material for emissions testing containing one or more VOC in a single material. The first approach was a doped lacquer with Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC/SVOC) and the second was Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) or a Squalane/Paraffin mixture. Results received with the lacquer based material were presented in more detail. KW - Emission test chamber KW - Reference material KW - Round robin test KW - VOC PY - 2017 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-419412 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/ina.12421 SN - 1600-0668 SN - 0905-6947 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 181 EP - 187 PB - Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AN - OPUS4-41941 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Wiegner, Katharina A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver T1 - Method validation study for VOC emission measurements T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate (Proceedings) N2 - Quality and trueness of results received from measurements are very important for all involved parties, producers and consumers as well; for instance, if the results were used for acceptance of a product within a labeling procedure. Based on an inter-laboratory study with many German, European and US-American laboratories an extemal quality assurance System for the analysis of VOC emitting from products or the measurement in indoor air should be implemented (financed by the German Federal Environmental Agency). A focus was set on the emission test chamber experiments and the connected analytical procedure. VOC have a dominating influence when applying the German AgBB scheme for health evaluation of building products. Therefore it is necessary to ensure that the results between the testing laboratories are comparable. The successful participation to such round robin tests is offen essential for the acceptance of results given by an analytical laboratory. T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate CY - Austin, TX, USA DA - 05.06.2011 KW - Round robin test KW - VOC KW - Construction product KW - Emission PY - 2011 IS - Paper 768 SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-23880 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Wiegner, Katharina T1 - Inter-laboratory study to check the performance ot test chamber measurements for product emission testing T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate (Proceedings) N2 - The labelling of construction products or building materials as “low-emitting” is based on measurements using third-party emission test chambers. Unfortunately there is no method to validate the performance of such test chamber measurements. This might give a Variation of results when testing one material at different laboratories. Therefore it is necessary to hold round robin tests as part of the quality management System to ensure comparable results. A research project financed by the Federal Environmental Agency focused on the development of an external quality management System for the detection of relevant Chemical compounds from products and in ambient air. The project was structured in four phases (Horn et al., 2009 and 2011; Wilke et al., 2009a) This paper shows results of the fourth phase of the project, which was an inter-laboratory study for VOC-emission testing by means of emission test chambers. T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate CY - Austin, TX, USA DA - 05.06.2011 KW - Emission test chamber KW - Product emission testing KW - VOC-Emission KW - Round robin test PY - 2011 IS - Paper 768 SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-23884 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -