TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Ressel, P. T1 - XTEM investigation of Ge/Pd shallow contact to p-IN0.53Ga0.47As JF - Materials science & engineering B N2 - Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and focused beam microdiffraction, was applied to study the solid-state reactions taking place during contact formation of the system Ge(115 nm)/Pd(50 nm)—In0.53Ga0.47As. In order to get information about the sequence of the different processes, rapid thermal, annealing experiments in the range 225–400 °C were performed. The following features were observed: at 225 °C Pd reacted with the substrate forming the quaternary phase PdxIn0.53Ga0.47As (x ˜ 4), and with the Ge-layer forming mainly PdGe and Pd2Ge. Between PdxIn0.53Ga0.47As and In0.53Ga0.47As, a 5 nm thick amorphous Pd-In-Ga-As layer remained, indicating that the first reaction step was solid-state amorphization. After annealing at 350 °C, PdxIn0.53Ga0.47As disappeared and regrowth of In0.53Ga0.47As occured. Finally, at 400 °C, residual Ge from the amorphous top layer diffused to the interface and grew epitaxially on the regrown In0.53Ga0.47As, thus separating the III–V compound semiconductor from the Pd-Ge reaction products. The interface remained flat, while only about 10 nm of the active In0.53Ga0.47As layer had been modified during the annealing processes. PY - 1996 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-5107(96)01580-2 SN - 0921-5107 SN - 1873-4944 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 42 EP - 49 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-2513 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rudolf, A. A1 - Kaiser, W.-D. A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Engelhardt, Monika A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Zum Zusammenhang von Filiformkorrosion und Gefüge von Aluminiumlegierungen, Teil I JF - Aluminium PY - 2002 SN - 0002-6689 N1 - Sprachen: Deutsch/Englisch - Languages: German/English VL - 78 IS - 7/8 SP - 596 EP - 601 PB - Giesel CY - Isernhagen AN - OPUS4-2074 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rudolf, A. A1 - Kaiser, W.-D. A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Engelhardt, Monika A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Zum Zusammenhang von Filiformkorrosion und Gefüge von Aluminiumlegierungen, Teil II JF - Aluminium PY - 2002 SN - 0002-6689 N1 - Sprachen: Deutsch/Englisch - Languages: German/English VL - 78 IS - 11 SP - 994 EP - 1000 PB - Giesel CY - Isernhagen AN - OPUS4-2075 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Zur Problematik der elektronenmikroskopischen Ermittlung der Versetzungsdichte in kaltverformten kohlenstoffarmen Stählen JF - Praktische Metallographie = Practical metallography PY - 1992 SN - 0032-678X VL - 29 SP - 400 EP - 413 PB - Hanser CY - München AN - OPUS4-2474 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bettge, Dirk A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - “Cube slip” in near-[111] oriented specimens of a single-crystal nickel-base superalloy JF - Scripta Materialia N2 - In the past few years, it has been discussed with increasing frequency, whether cube slip does occur in gamma' hardened nickel-base superalloys. Occurrence of cube slip has consequences for the modeling of orientation dependence of the CRSS. Until now, there are only few experimental investigations. In principle, cube slip should be possible in primitive cubic lattices (e.g. L12 ordered gamma' phase) but not in face centered cubic ones (e.g. Ni solid solution). The most favourable specimen orientations are near [111], where the Schmid factors for this type of glide exceed those for octahedral systems. There are two basic methods to detect cube slip: macroscopic slip trace analysis and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation of the dislocation structure. Few observations of cube slip by macroscopic slip traces are reported in the literature. But it is still uncertain under which test conditions cube slip occurs and what the dislocation mechanisms are. Cube slip was observed during tensile or compression tests of several first generation superalloys, but it seems not to occur during shear creep deformation (e.g. CMSX-4 at 980°C), and it is also lacking under conventional tensile or compression loading, if the gmma' particles are small. No observations were ever reported of dislocations gliding on {001} planes in matrix channels. KW - Cube slip KW - Nickel-base superalloy KW - Dislocations KW - TEM PY - 1999 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00446-1 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 389 EP - 395 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-38220 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -