TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Anja A1 - Heinrich, Thomas A1 - Tougaard, S. A1 - Werner, W. S. M. A1 - Hronek, M. A1 - Kunz, Valentin A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Stockmann, Jörg M. A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Benemann, Sigrid A1 - Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya A1 - Geißler, Daniel A1 - Sparnacci, K. A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Correction to "Determining the thickness and completeness of the shell of polymer core-shell nanoparticles by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and transmission scanning electron microscopy" N2 - This is a corrigendum to the original article "Determining the thickness and completeness of the shell of polymer core-shell nanoparticles by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and transmission scanning electron microscopy" that was published in "The journal of physical chemistry C", vol. 123 (2019), no. 49 pp. 29765-29775. PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-505451 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c00027 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 124 IS - 6 SP - 3923 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-50545 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Comba, P. A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Jakob, M. A1 - Kraus, Werner A1 - Kubeil, M. A1 - Morgen, M. A1 - Pietzsch, J. A1 - Stephan, H. T1 - Copper(II) chemistry of the functionalized macrocycle cyclam tetrapropionic acid N2 - The CuII complex of H4TETP (H4TETP = 1,4,8,11-tetraazatetradecane-1,4,8,11-tetrapropionic acid) is five-coordinate with a distorted square-pyramidal structure (τ = 0.45; i.e. the geometry is nearly half-way between square-pyramidal and trigonal-bipyramidal) and a relatively long Cu–N and a short Cu–O bond; the comparison between powder and solution electronic spectroscopy, the frozen solution EPR spectrum and ligand-field-based calculations (angular overlap model, AOM) indicate that the solution and solid state structures are very similar, i.e. the complex has a relatively low 'in-plane' and a significant axial ligand field with a dx²-y² ground state. The ligand-enforced structure is therefore shown to lead to a partially quenched Jahn–Teller distortion and to a relatively low complex stability, lower than with the corresponding acetate-derived ligand H4TETA. This is confirmed by potentiometric titration and by the biodistribution with 64Cu-labeled ligands which show that the uptake in the liver is significantly increased with the H4TETP-based system. KW - Copper(II) KW - Chemistry PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2dt32356g SN - 1477-9226 SN - 1477-9234 SN - 1364-5447 VL - 42 IS - 17 SP - 6142 EP - 6148 PB - RSC CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-28075 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaepe, Kaija A1 - R. Bhandari, D. A1 - Werner, J. A1 - Henss, A. A1 - Pirkl, A. A1 - Kleine-Boymann, M. A1 - Rohnke, M. A1 - Wenisch, S. A1 - Neumann, E. A1 - Janek, J. A1 - Spengler, B. T1 - Imaging of lipids in native human bone sections using TOF-secondary ion mass spectrometry, atmospheric pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization orbitrap mass spectrometry, and orbitrap-secondary ion mass spectrometry N2 - A method is described for high-resolution label-free molecular imaging of human bone tissue. To preserve the lipid content and the heterogeneous structure of osseous tissue, 4 μm thick human bone sections were prepared via cryoembedding and tape-assisted cryosectioning, circumventing the application of organic solvents and a decalcification step. A protocol for comparative mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) on the same section was established for initial analysis with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) at a lateral resolution of 10 μm to <500 nm, followed by atmospheric pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-SMALDI) Orbitrap MSI at a lateral resolution of 10 μm. This procedure ultimately enabled MSI of lipids, providing the lateral localization of major lipid classes such as glycero-, glycerophospho-, and sphingolipids. Additionally, the applicability of the recently emerged Orbitrap-TOF-SIMS hybrid system was exemplarily examined and compared to the before-mentioned MSI methods. KW - ToF-SIMS KW - MALDI KW - Mass spectrometry imaging KW - Lipids KW - Osteoporosis KW - Bone KW - Surface analysis PY - 2018 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00892 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00892 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 90 IS - 15 SP - 8856 EP - 8864 PB - ACS Publ. CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-45730 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, S. A1 - Timmel, S. A1 - Richter, S. A1 - Werner, M. A1 - Gläser, M. A1 - Swatek, S. A1 - Braun, Ulrike A1 - Hagendorf, C. T1 - Silver nanoparticles cause snail trails in photovoltaic modules N2 - After some months of operation, a number of PV modules develop a discolouration defect called 'snail trails', or 'snail traces', which appear as irregular dark stripes across the cells. Whereas these traces were soon identified as discoloured silver contacts along the cell edges or at micro cracks, the chemical and mechanistic reasons for this phenomenon have not yet been resolved in detail. In this work we show that silver nanoparticles accumulating within the encapsulation foil cause the brownish discolouration, and that certain additives of encapsulation and back sheet foils trigger the formation of these nanoparticles. KW - Snail trails KW - Cell cracks KW - Encapsulation foil KW - Ag contact finger KW - Nanoparticles PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.013 SN - 0927-0248 VL - 121 SP - 171 EP - 175 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-30059 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yilmaz, M. A1 - Wollschläger, Nicole A1 - Esfahani, M. N. A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Leblebici, Y. A1 - Alaca, B. E. T1 - Superplastic behavior of silica nanowires obtained by direct patterning of silsesquioxane-based precursors N2 - Silica nanowires spanning 10 μm-deep trenches are fabricated from different types of silsesquioxane-based precursors by direct e-beam patterning on silicon followed by release through deep reactive ion etching. Nanowire aspect ratios as large as 150 are achieved with a critical dimension of about 50 nm and nearly rectangular cross-sections. In situ bending tests are carried out inside a scanning electron microscope, where the etch depth of 10 mm provides sufficient space for deformation. Silica NWs are indeed observed to exhibit superplastic behavior without fracture with deflections reaching the full etch depth, about two orders of magnitude larger than the nanowire thickness. A large-deformation elastic bending model is utilized for predicting the deviation from the elastic behavior. The results of forty different tests indicate a critical stress level of 0.1–0.4 GPa for the onset of plasticity. The study hints at the possibility of fabricating silica nanowires in a monolithic Fashion through direct e-beam patterning of silsesquioxane-based resins. The fabrication technology is compatible with semiconductor manufacturing and provides silica nanowires with a very good structural integrity. KW - Silica nanowires KW - HSQ KW - Superplasticity KW - In situ bending tests PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aa5b80 SN - 0957-4484 SN - 1361-6528 VL - 28 IS - 11 SP - Article 115302, 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-39166 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tisato, F. A1 - Refosco, F. A1 - Porchia, M. A1 - Bolzati, C. A1 - Bandoli, G. A1 - Dolmella, A. A1 - Duatti, A. A1 - Boschi, A. A1 - Jung, C. M. A1 - Pietzsch, H.-J. A1 - Kraus, Werner T1 - The Crucial Role of the Diphosphine Heteroatom X in the Stereochemistry and Stabilization of the Substitution-Inert [M(N)(PXP)]2+ Metal Fragments (M = Tc, Re; PXP = Diphosphine Ligand) N2 - The nature of the heteroatom X incorporated in the five-membered PXP-diphosphine bridging chain was found to play a primary unit role both in the overall stability and in the stereochemical arrangement of nitrido-containing [M(N)(PXP)]2+ metal fragments (M = Tc, Re). Thus, by mixing PXP ligands with labile [Re(N)Cl4]- and Tc(N)Cl2(PPh3)2 nitrido precursors in CH2Cl2/MeOH mixtures, a series of neutral M(N)Cl2(PXP) complexes (M = Tc, 1-5; M = Re, 8, 9) was collected. In the resulting distorted octahedrons, PXP adopted facial or meridional coordination, and combination with halide co-ligands produced three different stereochemical arrangements, that is, fac,cis, mer,cis, and mer,trans, depending primarily on the nature of the diphosphine heteroatom X. When X = NH, mer,cis-Tc(N)Cl2(PNP1), 1, was the only isomer formed. Alternatively, when a tertiary amine nitrogen (X = NR; R = CH3, CH2CH2OCH3) was introduced in the bridging chain, fac,cis-M(N)Cl2(PN(R)P) complexes (M = Tc, 2, 3; M = Re, 8f) were obtained. Isomerization into the mer,cis-Re(N)Cl2(PN(R)P), 8m, species was observed only in the case of rhenium when the tertiary amine group carried the less encumbering methyl substituent. fac,cis-Tc(N)Cl2(PSP), 4f, was isolated in the solid state when X = S, but a mixture of fac,cis-Tc(N)Cl2(PSP) and mer,trans-Tc(N)Cl2(PSP), 4m, isomers was found in equilibrium in the solution state. A similar equilibrium between fac,cis-M(N)Cl2(POP) (M = Tc, 5f; M = Re, 9f) and mer,trans-M(N)Cl2(POP) (M = Tc, 5m; M = Re, 9m) species was detected in POP-containing complexes. The molecular structure of all of these complexes was assessed by means of conventional physicochemical techniques including multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of representative mer,cis-Tc(N)Cl2(PN(H)P), 1, fac,cis-Tc(N)Cl2(PSP), 4f, and mer,cis-Re(N)Cl2(PN(Me)P), 8m, compounds. PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/ic049139r SN - 0020-1669 SN - 1520-510X VL - 43 IS - 26 SP - 8617 EP - 8625 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-5546 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gesatzke, Wolfgang A1 - Metzner, M. A1 - Müllner, M. A1 - Österle, Werner ED - Hougardy, H.-P. T1 - Möglichkeiten der Gefügevariation bei einem mikrolegierten Stahl - Einfluß auf mechanische Eigenschaften T2 - 23. Metallographie-Tagung CY - Braunschweig, Deutschland DA - 1989-09-27 PY - 1990 SN - 0343-3579 N1 - Serientitel: Sonderbände der praktischen Metallographie – Series title: Sonderbände der praktischen Metallographie IS - 21 SP - 99 EP - 106 PB - Riederer CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-2459 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Walther, M. A1 - Jung, C. M. A1 - Bergmann, R. A1 - Pietzsch, J. A1 - Rode, K. A1 - Fahmy, K. A1 - Mirtschink, P. A1 - Stehr, S. A1 - Heintz, A. A1 - Wunderlich, G. A1 - Kraus, Werner A1 - Pietzsch, H.-J. A1 - Kropp, J. A1 - Deussen, A. A1 - Spies, H. T1 - Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a New Type of 99mTechnetium-Labeled Fatty Acid for Myocardial Metabolism Imaging PY - 2007 SN - 1043-1802 SN - 1520-4812 VL - 18 SP - 216 EP - 230 CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-14514 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brzezinka, Klaus-Werner A1 - Gross, Thomas A1 - Unger, Wolfgang A1 - Ramm, M. A1 - Ata, M. T1 - Studies of amorphous carbon using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray-absorption fine structure and Raman spectroscopy KW - Amorphous materials KW - Carbon KW - Plasma processing and deposition KW - Structural properties PY - 1999 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 354 SP - 106 EP - 110 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-891 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Senoner, Mathias A1 - Maaßdorf, A. A1 - Rooch, Heidemarie A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Malcher, M. A1 - Schmidt, M. A1 - Kollmer, F. A1 - Paul, D. A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Rades, Steffi A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Lateral resolution of nanoscaled images delivered by surface-analytical instruments: application of the BAM-L200 certified reference material and related ISO standards N2 - The certified reference material BAM-L200, a nanoscale stripe pattern for length calibration and specification of lateral resolution, is described. BAM-L200 is prepared from a cross-sectioned epitaxially grown layer stack of AlxGa1–xAs and InxGa1–xAs on a GaAs substrate. The surface of BAM-L200 provides a flat pattern with stripe widths ranging down to 1 nm. Calibration distances, grating periods and stripe widths have been certified by TEM with traceability to the length unit. The combination of gratings, isolated narrow stripes and sharp edges of wide stripes offers plenty of options for the determination of lateral resolution, sharpness and calibration of length scale at selected settings of imaging surface-analytical instruments. The feasibility of the reference material for an analysis of the lateral resolution is demonstrated in detail by evaluation of ToF-SIMS, AES and EDX images. Other applications developed in the community are summarized, too. BAM-L200 fully supports the implementation of the revised International Standard ISO 18516 (in preparation) which is based on knowledge outlined in the Technical Report ISO/TR 19319:2013. KW - AES KW - BAM-L200 KW - CRM KW - EDX KW - Imaging KW - Lateral resolution KW - Sharpness KW - Standardisation KW - STXM KW - ToF-SIMS KW - XPEEM KW - XPS KW - Certified reference material KW - Imaging surface analysis PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8135-7 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 407 IS - 11 SP - 3211 EP - 3217 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-33033 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cant, D. J. H. A1 - Minelli, C. A1 - Sparnacci, K. A1 - Müller, Anja A1 - Kalbe, H. A1 - Stoger-Pollach, M. A1 - Unger, Wolfgang A1 - Werner, W. S. M. A1 - Shard, A. G. T1 - Surface-Energy Control and Characterization of Nanoparticle Coatings N2 - Accurate and reproducible measurement of the structure and properties of high-value nanoparticles is extremely important for their commercialization. A significant proportion of engineered nanoparticle systems consist of some form of nominally core-shell structure, whether by design or unintentionally. Often, these do not form an ideal core-shell structure, with typical deviations including polydispersity of the core or shell, uneven or incomplete shells, noncentral cores, and others. Such systems may be created with or without intent, and in either case an understanding of the conditions for formation of such particles is desirable. Precise determination of the structure, composition, size, and shell thickness of such particles can prove challenging without the use of a suitable range of characterization techniques. Here, the authors present two such polymer core-shell nanoparticle systems, consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene cores coated with a range of thicknesses of either polymethylmethacrylate or polystyrene. By consideration of surface energy, it is shown that these particles are expected to possess distinctly differing coating structures, with the polystyrene coating being incomplete. A comprehensive characterization of these systems is demonstrated, using a selection of complementary techniques including scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, differential centrifugal sedimentation, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By combining the results provided by these techniques, it is possible to achieve superior characterization and understanding of the particle structure than could be obtained by considering results separately. KW - Nanoparticles KW - Core-shell KW - XPS KW - Size KW - Thickness KW - Damage PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c02161 VL - 124 IS - 20 SP - 11200 EP - 11211 PB - ACS CY - Washington DC AN - OPUS4-50899 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Winkelmann, Aimo A1 - Nolze, Gert A1 - Voss, M. A1 - Salvat-Pujol, F. A1 - Werner, W. S. M. T1 - Physics-based simulation models for EBSD: advances and challenges N2 - EBSD has evolved into an effective tool for microstructure investigations in the scanning electron microscope. The purpose of this contribution is to give an overview of various simulation approaches for EBSD Kikuchi patterns and to discuss some of the underlying physical mechanisms. T2 - EMAS 2015 - 14th European Workshop on MODERN DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS IN MICROBEAM ANALYSIS CY - Portoroz, Slovenia DA - 03.05.2015 KW - Electron backscatter diffraction KW - Simulation KW - Dynamical theory KW - Kinematic theory PY - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-377469 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/109/1/012018 VL - 109 SP - 012018-1 EP - 012018-13 AN - OPUS4-37746 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -