TY - CONF A1 - Quercetti, Thomas A1 - Feldkamp, Martin A1 - Gleim, Tobias A1 - Musolff, André A1 - Werner, Jan A1 - Wille, Frank T1 - Fire Test Stand for Thermal Testing of Large Packages for the Transport of Radioactive Materials N2 - Packages for the transport of high level radioactive materials are designed to withstand severe accidents. These packages must comply with the specific safety requirements SSR 6 [ of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). To guarantee compliance with these requirements, specific mechanical and thermal tests need to be addressed r egard ing the package type. Typically, the r egulations prescribe mechanical tests followed by a thermal test as part of a cumulative test scenario. The thermal test is specified by the exposure of a test specimen for a period of 30 minutes to a thermal environment that provides a heat flux equivalent to that of a hydrocarbon fuel air fire with an av erage fire temperature of at least 800 °C fully flame engulfing the test specimen. The Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) operates various test facilities for this purpose at their Test Site for Technical Safety (near Berlin in Germany). Thermal tests for large packages are conducted in an established fire test stand that may be adapted by the test setup to the geometric boundary conditions of a test specimen. This fire test stand is built for test specimens with masses up to 200,000 kg an d geometric dimensions relating to large transport packages including their impact limiters. The test specimen is usually placed on a water cooled support frame in the middle of the test stand. The fire is realized by burning propane gas which is released in liquid state from an array of gas nozzles arranged in the form of a burner ring surrounding the test specimen. For particularly extra large test specimens, two burner rings are used on top of each other and at different heights to firstly achieve full f ire engulfment with a significantly larger volume of fire and secondly to achieve the required heat output , cf. In advance of a regular thermal test BAM usually performs so called fire reference tests to determine the test conditions for compliance with the IAEA requirements. These tests are performed using a generic package which corresponds to the external geometr ic dimensions of the test specimen used later in the approval test. Then, this reference package is exposed to a fire under defined test parameters whereas the corresponding heat input determined from the temperature changes measured is regarded as main cr iterion for proofing compliance with the IAEA criteria. The paper shows the experimental proof of the suitability of BAM’s fire test stand for thermal testing of extra large packages. The heat input and fire temperatures fully meet the IAEA criteria and can also be set significantly higher for example for extra regulatory testing. T2 - PATRAM 2025 CY - San Antonio, TX, USA DA - 27.07.2025 KW - IAEA Regu-lations KW - Fire Test Stand KW - Accident Scenario KW - Fire Qualification PY - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 10 CY - Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM) AN - OPUS4-63872 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Quercetti, Thomas A1 - Feldkamp, Martin A1 - Gleim, Tobias A1 - Musolff, Andre A1 - Werner, Jan A1 - Wille, Frank T1 - A fire test stand for thermal testing of extra-large packages N2 - Packages for the transport of high-level radioactive materials are designed to withstand severe accidents. These packages must adhere to the specification-based criteria of the International Transport Regulations of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). To ensure compliance with these requirements, specific mechanical and thermal tests need to be addressed with respect to the package type. Typically, the Regulations prescribe mechanical tests followed by a thermal test as part of a cumulative test scenario. The thermal test is specified by the exposure of a test specimen for a period of 30 minutes to a thermal invironment that provides a heat flux equivalent to that of a hydrocarbon fuel-air fire with an average fire temperature of at least 800 °C fully flame engulfing the test specimen. The Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) operates various test facilities for this purpose at their test site (TTS) near Berlin in Germany. Thermal tests for large packages are carried out in an established fire test stand that can be adapted by the test-setup to the geometric boundary conditions of a test specimen. This fire test stand is built for test specimens with masses up to 200,000 kg and geometric dimensions relating to large transport packages including their impact limiters. The test specimen is usually placed on a water-cooled support frame in the middle of the test-stand. The fire is realized by burning propane gas which is released in liquid state from an array of gas nozzles arranged in the form of a burner ring surrounding the test specimen. For particularly extra-large test specimens, two burner rings are used on top of each other and at different heights in order to firstly achieve full fire engulfment with a significantly larger volume of fire and secondly to achieve the required heat output. In advance of a regular thermal test BAM usually performs so-called fire reference tests to determine the test conditions for compliance with the IAEA requirements. These tests are performed using a generic package which corresponds to the external geometric dimensions of the test specimen used later in the approval test. Then, this reference package is exposed to a fire under defined test parameters whereas the corresponding heat input determined from the temperature changes measured is regarded as main criterion for proofing compliance with the IAEA criteria.The paper shows the experimental proof of the suitability of BAM’s fire test stand for thermal testing of extra-large packages. The heat input and fire temperatures fully meet the IAEA criteria but can also be set significantly higher for e.g. extra-regulatory testing. T2 - ASME PVP 2025 CY - Montreal, Quebec, Kanada DA - 20.07.2025 KW - Test stand KW - Thermal testing KW - Package KW - Fire PY - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-63892 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Werner, Jan T1 - Brandschutzbeschichtungen an Tanks - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit von Druckbehältern mit einem Brandschutzsystem unter Standardbrandbedingungen - ISO 21843 N2 - Brandschutzbeschichtungen an Tanks können zuverlässig BLEVEs verhindern. Die ISO 21843 gibt hierzu neue Standards für Prüfverfahren vor und charakterisiert die Qualität von Unfallfeuern detaillierter als bisher. Die BAM hat auf ihren Prüfanlagen im TTS die Umsetzbarkeit dieser Anforderungen nachgewiesen. T2 - 29. Gefahrgutkongress Mecklenburg-Vorpommern CY - Rostock, Germany DA - 18.11.2025 KW - ISO 21843 KW - BLEVE KW - Brandschutz KW - Unfallfeuer KW - Wärmeübertragung PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64806 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Werner, Jan T1 - Verpackungen und Beförderungseinheiten im Zusammenspiel N2 - Die derzeitigen Explosivstoffschutz-Anforderungen des Regelwerks ADR basieren auf einem überholten Stand der Technik sowie Technologie der Baustoffe/Bauteile/Werkstoffe. Die Formulierung im entsprechenden Abschnitt des ADR (9.3.4.2) ist nicht eindeutig und verweist auf eine Norm, welche als kritisch angesehen wird. Diese Unklarheiten führen bei den Ausrüstern und Betreibern der Gefahrgutfahrzeuge zu Unsicherheiten mit existenziellen Risiken und Kosten. Es ist hier sowohl aus wirtschaftlicher als auch aus sicherheitstechnischer Sicht vordringlicher Klärungsbedarf erkennbar. Eine Klärung ist zudem dringlich, weil sich auch international bei den beteiligten Akteuren der ADR-Vertragsparteien Fragen zur Klärung der Technologieentwicklung und dem Stand der Technik ergeben haben. Um eine Überarbeitung der ergänzenden Vorschriften für EX/III-Fahrzeuge zur Beförderung von explosiven Stoffen und Gegenständen der Klasse 1 in Versandstücken voranzutreiben, ist deshalb eine Untersuchung der Gefahren erforderlich, denen explosive Stoffe und Gegenstände während der Beförderung ausgesetzt sind. Die beschriebenen Unschärfen der heutigen Vorschriften sollten im Rahmen eines Forschungsvorhabens des Bundesministeriums für Digitales und Verkehr (BMDV) durch eine neuerliche Untersuchung beseitigt werden. Hierzu wurden auf Grundlage der heutigen Vorschriften bestehende konstruktive Lösungen untersucht und deren Wirksamkeit gegenüber einer typischen Wärmebelastung von außen festgestellt. Erforderlich dafür war zunächst die Charakterisierung der Wärmeeinträge durch Versuche mit typischen Unfallbelastungen. Daraus abzuleiten waren dann idealisierte Belastungsszenarien, welche als Voraussetzung für eine Normungsarbeit angesehen werden sollen. Im letzten Schritt soll ein Textentwurf für die Erneuerung der bestehenden Vorschriften des ADR verfasst und im Anschluss international abgestimmt werden. Es soll ein völlig neuer Ansatz zur Auslegung und Bewertung von Bauteilen von EX/III-Fahrzeugen für den Einsatz als Schutzschild gegenüber externer Wärmebelastung gefunden werden. Dieser begründet sich auf neuen technischen Erkenntnissen, welche eine Feuerbelastung heute nicht mehr allein durch eine Einheits-Temperaturkurve (ETK), sondern differenziert nach konvektiven und strahlenden Anteilen betrachtet. Mit ähnlicher technischer Zielrichtung wurde international der neue Standard „Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von Brandschutzmaterialien und -systemen für Druckbehälter gegenüber Kohlenwasserstoffpoolbränden“ als ISO 21843 in Jahr 2018 verabschiedet. Die jeweilige Wärmeleistung bzw. Wärmestromdichte soll mittels Kalorimeterversuchen bestimmt werden. Es gilt den Wärmeeintrag ins Innere der Ladeabteile zu begrenzen. Hierbei stellt sich nicht nur die Frage nach Isolationswirkung sowie Wärmeübergängen und ob dies nur durch Wandung sowie Boden sicherzustellen ist, sondern ob weitere Maßnahmen, wie Reifenschutz, automatische Feuerlöscheinrichtungen, etc. benötigt werden. Letztlich soll durch die Präzisierung der Gefahrgutvorschriften Transparenz bei Anwendern, Zulassungs- und Kontrollbehörden geschaffen werden. T2 - Gefahrguttechniktage 2025 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 13.11.2025 KW - Explosivstoffe KW - Unfallszenarien KW - Brandbelastungen PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64808 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steinbeck, Christoph A1 - Jung, Nicole A1 - Bach, Felix A1 - Neumann, Steffen A1 - Herres-Pawlis, Sonja A1 - Liermann, Johannes A1 - Koepler, Oliver A1 - Bannwarth, Christoph A1 - Bender, Theo A1 - Bocklitz, Thomas A1 - Boehm, Franziska A1 - Bonatto Minella, Christian A1 - Biedermann, Frank A1 - Brack, Werner A1 - Cunha, Ricardo A1 - Czodrowski, Paul A1 - Eberl, Franziska A1 - Engel, Thomas A1 - Engstfeld, Albert A1 - Fischer, Tillmann G. A1 - Friedrich, Pascal A1 - Glorious, Frank A1 - Golub, Benjamin A1 - Grathwol, Christoph A1 - Haag, Rainer A1 - Hunold, Johannes A1 - Jacob, Christoph A1 - Johannsen, Jochen A1 - Jollife, John A1 - Kast, Stefan A1 - Kettner, Carsten A1 - Kuhn, Stefan A1 - Lanza, Giacomo A1 - Lisec, Jan A1 - Manolikakes, Georg A1 - Mata, Ricardo A1 - Meiler, Jens A1 - Müller, Matthias A1 - Müller-Pfefferkorn, Ralph A1 - Ortmeyer, Jochen A1 - Patterson, Wendy A1 - Pleiss, Jürgen A1 - Riedel, Annalisa A1 - Riedel, Jens A1 - Schatzschneider, Ulrich A1 - Schuster, Leonie A1 - Seeberger, Peter A1 - Seibert, Johann-Nikolaus A1 - Stadler, Peter A1 - Zeitler, Kirsten T1 - Proposal NFDI4Chem 2025-2030 In the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) — Our Vision: All Chemists Publish FAIR Data N2 - The first funding period of NFDI4Chem established a robust foundation for research data management (RDM) in chemistry by promoting FAIR data principles and creating a cohesive infrastructure to capture well-annotated data early in the lab through electronic lab notebooks (ELNs) and making this data available in public repositories. Key achievements include standardised data formats and metadata, a federated repository environment, and improved data visibility and accessibility. Training programs and outreach have significantly increased awareness and adoption of best RDM practices. In the second funding period, the consortium aims to advance these achievements by consolidating this infrastructure, developing a model for its sustainable maintenance and operation, and fostering cultural change for its widespread adoption. Goals include ensuring seamless data workflows from laboratories to open repositories, enhancing interoperability, and supporting innovative research through AI-ready data. The work plan is organised into six task areas (TAs). TA1 (Management) provides leadership and supports all other TAs in achieving their objectives. TA2 (Smart Lab) aims to develop a fully digital research environment, including an ELN as a modular platform. This environment will support data collection, management, storage, analysis, and sharing. Integrating devices and external resources will enable seamless data transfer to repositories. TA3 (Repositories) will consolidate the repository ecosystem. The goal is to integrate repositories into a federated system for better accessibility and interoperability, ensuring long-term data availability and sustainability. TA4 (Metadata, Data Standards, and Publication Standards) focuses on developing and promoting new data and metadata standards in an international community process. This includes applying ontologies to create a semantic foundation for linking research data, making it machine-readable and enabling knowledge graphs. TA5 (Community and Training) is dedicated to fostering a cultural shift towards digital chemistry through continuous engagement, collecting requirements, and providing extensive training and support through workshops and open education resources. It will promote FAIR-compliant machine learning applications, embedding RDM into academic curricula to ensure future scientists are well-versed in these practices. TA6 (Synergies and Cross-Cutting Topics) aims to enhance collaboration across NFDI consortia and beyond. This includes developing ontologies, terminology services, the search service, and other cross-cutting solutions, integrating these developments into existing infrastructure, enabling interdisciplinary data harmonisation and fostering machine learning applications. KW - Research Data Management KW - FAIR KW - Chemistry PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-648540 DO - https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.11.e177037 SN - 2367-7163 VL - 11 SP - 1 EP - 100 PB - Pensoft Publishers AN - OPUS4-64854 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Heßmann, Jennifer A1 - Werner, Jan A1 - Scarponi, Giordano Emrys A1 - Cozzani, Valerio A1 - Otremba, Frank T1 - Investigation of realistic fire scenarios involving cryogenic storage tanks N2 - The number of vehicles using or transporting cryogenic fuels such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) increases fast in the land transportation sector. Does this also entail new risks for instance from a BLEVE? A key to answer this question is to research representative fires by its characterization and its effect on the insulation. At BAM’s technical test side in Germany, a test series was started to answer this question among others. This paper presents results on a pool fire under a colorimeter, that simulates a tank. The investigation points out, that the full fire characterization approach allows to represent the fire. The findings are relevant for the investigation of a representative design fire that is applicable for the approval and improvement of tanks as well as to research accident scenarios and their consequences. T2 - 18th EFCE International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 08.06.2025 KW - LH2 KW - Insulation KW - Fire KW - Liquefied Natural Gas KW - Safety PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63425 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Heßmann, Jennifer A1 - Werner, Jan A1 - Scarponi, Giordano Emrys A1 - Cozzani, Valerio A1 - Otremba, Frank T1 - Investigation of Realistic Fire Scenarios Involving Cryogenic Storage Tanks N2 - The number of vehicles using or transporting cryogenic fuels such as Liquefied Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) increases fast in the land transportation sector. Does this also entail new risks for instance from a BLEVE? A key to answer this question is to research representative fires by its characterization and its effect on the insulation. At BAM’s technical test side in Germany, a test series was started to answer this question among others. This paper presents results on a pool fire under a colorimeter, that simulates a tank. The investigation points out, that the full fire characterization approach allows to represent the fire. The findings are relevant for the investigation of a representative design fire that is applicable for the approval and improvement of tanks as well as to research accident scenarios and their consequences. T2 - Loss Prevention 2025 CY - Bologna, Italien DA - 09.06.2025 KW - LH2 KW - LNG KW - Fire KW - Tank KW - Safety PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET25116031 SN - 2283-9216 IS - 116 SP - 181 EP - 186 PB - AIDIC AN - OPUS4-63738 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -