TY - JOUR A1 - Aris, Stephan A1 - Szypkowski, Marko A1 - Ciscato, W. A1 - Nadeschdin, C. T1 - Nitroxnormen - was gilt nun? N2 - Die seit 2003 gültige Nitroxnorm EN13949 ist in Taucherkreisen ein viel diskutiertes Thema. Vor allem das für Nitrox und Sauerstoff normierte Ventil nach EN144-3 mit dem M26x2 Anschluss sorgt in den letzten Monaten für rote Köpfe. Auch weil die 5jährige Übergangsfrist dafür Ende Juni 2008 in Deutschland abgelaufen ist. Mehrere Autoren aus dem In- und Ausland, welche auf EU-Niveau Experten in Tauchernormen sind, konnte DiveInside für diesen Beitrag gewinnen. Die Autoren Ciscato, Szypkowski und Aris, gehören dem CEN/TC 79/SC 7 (diving apparatus Normenkomitee) an und sind aktiv an der Erstellung und Revision von Tauchgerätenormen und Ventilnormen beteiligt. KW - Nitrox KW - Ventilanschlüsse KW - Normung PY - 2008 UR - http://www.diveinside.de/DI_Nitroxnormen_15_159.pdf IS - 8 SP - 51 EP - 55 AN - OPUS4-18200 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ciscato, W. A1 - Binder, Christian A1 - Hesse, Olaf A1 - Lehné, Siegfried A1 - Kasch, Thomas ED - Davis, S.E. ED - Steinberg, T.A. T1 - Another dangerous practice in the SCUBA diving community N2 - The widely held incorrect belief in the self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) diving community, that oxygen-enriched gas mixtures, so-called NITROX, with an oxygen content of up to 40 vol. % can be considered as regular air, has already been refuted in many papers. Now, another dangerous practice has drawn the attention. In a market study, more than 60 representative SCUBA cylinder valves were examined. Sales offices claim that all of those valves can be used for oxygen-enriched gas mixtures. The fact is that some of these cylinder valves are for air use only. By exchanging the nonmetallic materials and applying additional cleaning procedures, these air valves become so-called “oxygen clean.” Then, the valves are on sale for oxygen-enriched service. This procedure is dangerous because the labeling pretends a pseudo-safety. All of the 60 SCUBA cylinder valves were tested applying the standardized oxygen pressure surge tester at BAM. As suspected, many of the cylinder valves are not burn-out safe. In addition, different test results were received for actual new valves, for so-called new but temporarily stored valves, and for used valves. This paper reveals another dangerous practice and wants to alert the SCUBA diving community. KW - SCUBA diving KW - Pneumatic impact KW - Burn-out safety KW - Oxygen KW - NITROX KW - Modified air valves KW - Aging of diving valves KW - Oxygen compatibility PY - 2012 SN - 978-0-8031-7547-1 DO - https://doi.org/10.1520/STP20120007 VL - 13 IS - STP 1561 SP - 162 EP - 171 CY - West Conshohocken, PA, USA AN - OPUS4-27136 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kasch, Thomas A1 - Binder, Christian A1 - Hesse, Olaf A1 - Lehné, Siegfried A1 - Ciscato, W. ED - Davis, S.E. ED - Steinberg, T.A. T1 - Safe for oxygen but not for oxygen-enriched gas mixtures in SCUBA diving N2 - In a market study, more than 60 representative cylinder valves that are used in SCUBA diving were tested for burn-out safety according to the current standard ISO 10297 [2006, “Transportable Gas Cylinders—Cylinder valves—Specification and Type Testing,” International Standards Organization, Geneva, Switzerland]. This standard requires that oxygen cylinder valves have to be pressure-surge tested to prove their ignition resistance. After testing, the samples are disassembled and the nonmetallic materials shall not show any traces of ignition for the valve to pass the test. This is usually done by visual inspection. The existing pass–fail criteria, however, cause problems sometimes when the test results have to be interpreted or are not sufficient to ensure a safe use of the valve. This market study reveals what changes a non-metallic material may show after pressure-surge testing. It also shows the influence of the different design geometries in the seat area on the nonmetallic materials. After testing, some nonmetallic materials do not show any distinct traces of ignition or combustion. Only a change in color, notable surface deterioration, and loss of material is visible. Occasionally, the valve is no longer gas-tight, although no traces of ignition can be detected. However, according to the standard, the valve has passed the test. This paper provides various reasons why the pass–fail criteria of the oxygen pressure surge need to be more tightened. This applies not only to the current version of the standard ISO 10297, but for any standard that requires performance of the pressure-surge test for oxygen components. PY - 2012 SN - 978-0-8031-7547-1 DO - https://doi.org/10.1520/STP20120005 VL - 13 IS - STP 1561 SP - 172 EP - 181 CY - West Conshohocken, PA, USA AN - OPUS4-27137 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -