TY - GEN A1 - Lüthi, A. A1 - Fäh, D. A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Geburtig, Anja ED - Reichert, T. ED - Halafka, S. T1 - Recent Proposals for Weathering Reference Materials as Discussed by DIN and VDA T2 - 1st European Weathering Symposium (EWS-1) ; 23rd Colloquium of Danubian Countries on Natural and Artificial Ageing of Polymers CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 2003-09-25 KW - Reference material KW - ORWET KW - Crack KW - Climatic KW - ADF test KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Referenzmaterial KW - Riss KW - Klimatische Beständigkeit PY - 2003 SN - 3-9808382-3-4 SP - 1(?) EP - 12(?) PB - Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation e.V. CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-2682 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Trubiroha, Peter T1 - Determination of the spectral response of polymers T2 - 3rd Service Life Symposium CY - Sedona, AZ, USA DA - 2004-02-01 KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Weathering KW - UV KW - Action spectra KW - Activation spectra KW - Stabilizer KW - Spektrale Empfindlichkeit KW - Bewitterung KW - Aktivierungsspektrum KW - Wirkungsspektrum KW - Stabilisator PY - 2005 SN - 0-934010-60-9 SP - 241 EP - 253 PB - Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology CY - Philadelphia AN - OPUS4-13711 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Kömmling, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker ED - Reichert, T. T1 - UV-LEDs - a new tool to determine the spectral response N2 - To determine a polymer’s spectral response of photo degradation, two main methods have been established. The so-called “filter technique” uses polychromatic radiation, which is filtered by a set of various sharp cut-on filters. This procedure provides separated reading points of an activation spectrum of the investigated material. With the "spectrographic technique” a specimen is irradiated with pectrally dispersed radiation, locally quasi monochromatically, and the local property changes.are related to the radiant exposure at the respective wavelengths. A third method, the irradiation of specimens with quasi monochromatic radiation behind interference filters, is rarely used. These methods have advantages and disadvantages and therefore, there are limits for conclusions from these spectral data. Concerning the quasi monochromatic Irradiation of specimens the development of new UV radiation sources looks promising. With the rapid development of inexpensive UV Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), new : sources of nearly monochromatic radiation in the UV ränge are available, even down to about 250 nm. To determine the spectral response, the use of such UV-LEDs in TO-18 ) and TO-39 metal cases combines the advantages of low cost and energy efficiency, stable spectral irradiance, temperature.and humidity control, larger specimen areas, and an easy and stable analysis. Combinations of different UV LEDs are also discussed as replacement for xenon arc ' radiation sources, see patent application EP01528388A1. T2 - 5th European weathering symposium - Natural and artificial ageing of polymers CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 21.09.2011 KW - UV resistance KW - Weathering KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Action spectrum KW - UV-LEDs PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-9813136-2-8 N1 - Serientitel: CEEES Publication – Series title: CEEES Publication IS - 15 SP - 77 EP - 86 PB - GUS (Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation) CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-24396 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Trubiroha, Peter A1 - Schulz, Ulrich T1 - Artificial weathering including acidic deposition T2 - 3rd European Weathering Symposium CY - Krakow, Poland DA - 2007-09-12 KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Weathering KW - UV KW - Action spectra KW - Activation spectra KW - Stabilizer KW - Spektrale Empfindlichkeit KW - Bewitterung KW - Aktivierungsspektrum KW - Wirkungsspektrum KW - Stabilisator PY - 2007 SN - 978-3-9810472-3-3 VL - 8 SP - 487 EP - 500 CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-15923 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Trubiroha, Peter T1 - Improved Evaluation of Activation Spectra Determined by the Filter Technique T2 - 3rd European Weathering Symposium CY - Krakow, Poland DA - 2007-09-12 KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Weathering KW - UV KW - Action spectra KW - Activation spectra KW - Stabilizer KW - Spektrale Empfindlichkeit KW - Bewitterung KW - Aktivierungsspektrum KW - Wirkungsspektrum KW - Stabilisator PY - 2007 SN - 978-3-9810472-3-3 VL - 8 SP - 349 EP - 358 CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-15924 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Trubiroha, Peter T1 - The Principle of Reciprocity and its Limits T2 - 3rd European Weathering Symposium CY - Krakow, Poland DA - 2007-09-12 KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Weathering KW - UV KW - Action spectra KW - Activation spectra KW - Stabilizer KW - Spektrale Empfindlichkeit KW - Bewitterung KW - Aktivierungsspektrum KW - Wirkungsspektrum KW - Stabilisator PY - 2007 SN - 978-3-9810472-3-3 VL - 8 SP - 243 EP - 258 CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-15925 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Trubiroha, Peter T1 - Der Einfluss von Feuchte und Nässe bei der Bewitterung T2 - 36. Jahrestagung der GUS 2007 CY - Pfinztal bei Karlsruhe, Deutschland DA - 2007-03-14 KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Weathering KW - UV KW - Action spectra KW - Activation spectra KW - Stabilizer KW - Spektrale Empfindlichkeit KW - Bewitterung KW - Aktivierungsspektrum KW - Wirkungsspektrum KW - Stabilisator PY - 2007 SN - 978-3-9810472-1-9 VL - 36 SP - 247 EP - 256 CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-14758 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Zäh, M. A1 - Schönlein, A. A1 - Reichert, T. T1 - Polypropylene life time estimation by developing dose response functions with respect to irradiation and temperature - ViPQuali project T2 - 8th International symposium on weatherability (8th ISW) CY - Tokyo, Japan DA - 2010-10-14 KW - Life time estimation KW - Weathering KW - Polypropylene KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Temperature PY - 2010 SN - 1346-0633 VL - 22 SP - 58 EP - 63 PB - Uni Publishers Co., Ltd. AN - OPUS4-22182 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Trubiroha, P. T1 - Exposure response function for a quantitative prediction of weathering caused aging of polyethylene N2 - The exposure response function of the carbonyl formation over the bulk has been determined for a high-density polyethylene of a thickness of 200 μm, which was used as a weathering reference material according to ISO TR 19032. To this end, spectral sensitivity was studied by local measurement of the effect of spectrally dispersed irradiation. Both the exposure device and the methodology of determination are described. The temperature dependency of photooxidation was determined by UV exposure at various temperatures between 23 and 80 °C. Deviations from linearity and thus reciprocity below 40 °C are discussed and assumed to be related to diffusion limitations. An Arrhenius approach –based on data of linear carbonyl formation – has been incorporated into the exposure response function. Using this exposure response function, aging in terms of the distribution of a quantitative property change over a plastic component can be predicted for a specific outdoor location with real chronologic weather data as input for the exposure. Thus, artificial and natural weathering can be linked and compared. The established exposure response function has been validated by outdoor exposure results from the literature. If an estimated diffusion limitation is taken into consideration, calculations and published data are in good agreement. KW - Irradiation KW - Weathering KW - Spectral sensitivity KW - Temperature dependency KW - Spectral irradiation PY - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111348 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 61 IS - 6 SP - 517 EP - 526 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG AN - OPUS4-48295 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Geburtig, Anja A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Trubiroha, P. T1 - Discussion on Weathering Reference Materials N2 - Weathering reference materials (WRMs) are used to characterize the harshness of an exposure, aiming on either reproducibility of a specific exposure or on the comparability between various kinds of natural or artificial weathering exposure. The materials that are used as weathering reference materials differ in their sensitivities (as well as in interactions and interferences of the latter), conditioned by the different processes which lead to the respective property change. It is also essential to take into account the necessary measurement equipment for the respective property change, in order to allow timely intervention. What are the key issues on choosing a weathering reference material? What can be learned from the weathering reference materials, investigated so far? Possibilities and limitations are discussed on the basis of existing weathering reference materials. Conclusions are drawn, for establishing new weathering reference materials. T2 - 9th European Weathering Symposium CY - Basel, Switzerland DA - 18.09.2019 KW - Temperature dependency KW - Weathering KW - Irradiation KW - Spectral sensitivity PY - 2019 SN - 978-3-9818507-5-8 SP - 283 EP - 292 PB - Thomas Würtz Grafik-Design CY - Karlsruhe, Germany AN - OPUS4-49150 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -