TY - GEN A1 - van Beek, F. A1 - Kuijper, P. A1 - Voskuilen, J. A1 - Hean, S. A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Mookhoek, S. D. A1 - van Vliet, D. T1 - Guidlines for flexible joint transition systems RTD 1007-4:2020 N2 - Flexible joint transition systems in the form of bituminous joint transitions, type 4.1a according to RTD1007-1, have been used in the Netherlands with varying success. The lifespan in practice was found to vary greatly: between 1 and 5 years. This is too short a lifespan in relation to the lifespan of the layers of asphalt pavement. Ideally, the replacement of these bituminous joint transitions should take place simultaneously as the maintenance of the asphalt layers. In the meantime, research has been carried out nationally and internationally into improving the life span of bituminous joint transitions. In Germany and Switzerland, the regulations have been shown to lead to a life span of more than 10 years. On this basis, ETAG032-3 was established in the context of EOTA in 2013. In a competition "Silent sustainable joint transitions" held by the Dutch Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management in the period 2007-2012, three flexible bituminous joint transitions have already been tested, two of which were ultimately found to be suitable. These have been included in the multi-choice matrix (RTD 1007-1) as concept 4.1b (anchored bituminous joint transition) and 4.1c (unanchored bituminous joint transition with stretch-spreading inlay and poured asphalt edge beams). Monitoring these joint transitions in practice over the past 8 years has shown that the desired life span is achievable with these improved joint transitions. It is expected that the improvement in life span achieved abroad can also be realised in the Netherlands if several aspects specific to the Netherlands are taken into account:  For large parts of the Dutch main road network, the traffic intensity of 500,000 heavy vehicles per year assumed in the ETAG032-3 is insufficient. This is a factor 4 to 5 higher on the busiest main roads in the Netherlands.  On 90% of the Dutch main road network, in contrast to countries such as Germany and Switzerland, an open layer (ZOAB (zeer open asfaltbeton [very open asphalt concrete])) is used.  In the Netherlands, in contrast to countries such as Germany and Switzerland, bridges and viaducts are made on a large scale of prefabricated beams and 'floating' support systems that consist entirely of rubber supports that can be deformed all-round. Such constructions have a less favourable, high-frequency deformation behaviour under traffic load.  In Germany and Switzerland, a minimum joint mass temperature of -20 °C is assumed to test bituminous joint transitions. For the Netherlands, -15 °C is assumed, which has a favourable effect. The present second version of RTD 1007-4 is a guideline for the development and realisation of a new generation of more durable flexible joint transitions with a minimum design life of 10-15 years and is a guideline for contractors to demonstrate that a flexible joint transition system meets the requirements as set out in the Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management guideline RTD 1007-2. KW - Technical rule KW - Approval requirements KW - Extension joints KW - Highway pavements PY - 2020 VL - Version 2.0 SP - 1 EP - 77 CY - Rijkswaterstaat AN - OPUS4-54599 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - López de Ipina, J.-M. A1 - Arevalillo, A. A1 - Martín, A. A1 - Caillard, B. A1 - Marcoulaki, E. A1 - Aguerre- Charol, O. A1 - van Duuren-Stuurman, B. A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Viitanen, A.-K. A1 - Witters, H. A1 - Vercauteren, S. A1 - Persson, K. A1 - Bard, D. A1 - Evans, G. A1 - Jensen, K.A. A1 - Himly, M. A1 - Scalbi, S. A1 - Papin, A. A1 - Le Bihan, O. A1 - Kanerva, T. A1 - Tirez, K. A1 - Frijns, E. A1 - Niga, P. A1 - Eleftheriadis, K. A1 - Travlos, A. A1 - Geppert, M. A1 - Himly, M. A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Kuchenbecker, Petra A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute A1 - Fraboulet, I. A1 - Bressot, C. A1 - Rissler, J. A1 - Gaucher, R. A1 - Binotto, G. A1 - Krietsch, Arne A1 - Braun, A. A1 - Abenet, S. A1 - Catalan, J. A1 - Verstraelen, S. A1 - Manier, N. A1 - Manzo, S. A1 - Fransman, S. A1 - Queron, J. A1 - Charpentier, D. A1 - Taxell, D. A1 - Säämänen, A. A1 - Brignon, J.-M. A1 - Jovanovic, A. A1 - Bisson, M A1 - Neofytou, P. T1 - EC4Safenano - Catalogue of Services N2 - The publicly available document encapsulates the first version of the Catalogue of Services of the future EC4Safenano Centre (CoS 2019). The CoS 2019 is structured in 12 Service Categories and 27 Service Topics, for each of the 12 categories considered. This architecture configures a 12 x 27 matrix that allows ordering the potential EC4Safenano offer in 324 types of services/groups of services. Each type of service/group of services is described, in a simple and friendly way, by means of a specific service sheet: the EC4Safenano - Service Data Sheet (EC4-SDS). These EC4-SDSs allow structuring and summarizing the information of each service, providing the customer with a concise view of characteristics of the service and also the contact details with the service provider. The CoS 2019 deploys a map of services consisting of a set of 100 EC4-SDSs, covering 7 of the 12 Service Categories and 17 of the 27 Service Topics. The harmonization of services is visualized as a future necessary step in EC4Safenano, in order to strengthen the offer and provide added value to customers with a growing offer of harmonized services in future versions of the CoS. The information contained in this document is structured in 3 main sections, as follows: • Catalogue structure. This section describes in short the main characteristics of the CoS 2019. • Catalogue content. This section represents the core part of the document and encapsulates the set of 100 SDSs displaying the offer proposed by the CoS 2019. • Online Catalogue. This section describes the resources implemented by EC4Safenano to facilitate the on-line consultation of the CoS 2019 by customers and other interested parties. KW - Nano-safety KW - Analytical services KW - Nanomaterials KW - Catalogue of services KW - EC4SafeNano KW - European Centre PY - 2021 UR - https://ec4safenano.eu-vri.eu/Public/Guidance SP - 1 EP - 72 PB - EU-VRi – European Virtual Institute for Integrated Risk Management CY - Stuttgart, Germany AN - OPUS4-52943 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Van Den Bossche, T. A1 - Kunath, B. A1 - Schallert, K. A1 - Schäpe, S. A1 - Abraham, P. E. A1 - Armengaud, J. A1 - Arntzen, M. Ø. A1 - Bassignani, A. A1 - Benndorf, D. A1 - Fuchs, S. A1 - Giannone, R. J. A1 - Griffin, T. J. A1 - Hagen, L. H. A1 - Halder, R. A1 - Henry, C. A1 - Hettich, R. L. A1 - Heyer, R. A1 - Jagtap, P. A1 - Jehmlich, N. A1 - Jensen, M. A1 - Juste, C. A1 - Kleiner, M. A1 - Langella, O. A1 - Lehmann, T. A1 - Leith, E. A1 - May, P. A1 - Mesuere, B. A1 - Miotello, G. A1 - Peters, S. L. A1 - Pible, O. A1 - Queiros, P. T. A1 - Reichl, U. A1 - Renard, B. Y. A1 - Schiebenhoefer, H. A1 - Sczyrba, A. A1 - Tanca, A. A1 - Trappe, K. A1 - Trezzi, J.-P. A1 - Uzzau, S. A1 - Verschaffelt, P. A1 - von Bergen, M. A1 - Wilmes, P. A1 - Wolf, M. A1 - Martens, L. A1 - Muth, Thilo T1 - Critical Assessment of MetaProteome Investigation (CAMPI): A multi-laboratory comparison of established workflows N2 - Metaproteomics has matured into a powerful tool to assess functional interactions in microbial communities. While many metaproteomic workflows are available, the impact of method choice on results remains unclear. Here, we carry out a community-driven, multi-laboratory comparison in metaproteomics: the critical assessment of metaproteome investigation study (CAMPI). Based on well-established workflows, we evaluate the effect of sample preparation, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatic analysis using two samples: a simplified, laboratory-assembled human intestinal model and a human fecal sample. We observe that variability at the peptide level is predominantly due to sample processing workflows, with a smaller contribution of bioinformatic pipelines. These peptide-level differences largely disappear at the protein group level. While differences are observed for predicted community composition, similar functional profiles are obtained across workflows. CAMPI demonstrates the robustness of present-day metaproteomics research, serves as a template for multi-laboratory studies in metaproteomics, and provides publicly available data sets for benchmarking future developments. KW - Metaproteomics KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Data science KW - Benchmarking KW - Bioinformatics PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-541220 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27542-8 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 12 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Nature Publishing Group CY - London AN - OPUS4-54122 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hjelmar, O. A1 - Wahlström, M. A1 - Comans, R. A1 - Kalbe, Ute A1 - Grathwohl, P. A1 - Mehu, J. A1 - Schiopu, N. A1 - Hyks, J. A1 - Laine-Ylijoki, J. A1 - Van Zomeren, A. A1 - Krüger, Oliver A1 - Schoknecht, Ute A1 - Wendel, T. A1 - Abdelghafour, M. A1 - Borho, N. ED - Arm, M. ED - Vandecasteele, C. ED - Heynen, J. ED - Suer, P. ED - Lind, B. T1 - Robustness validation of two harmonized European leaching tests for assessment ot the leaching of construction products, including waste-based construction materials T2 - WASCON 2012 CY - Gothenburg, Sweden DA - 0201-05-30 KW - Tank leaching test KW - Percolation test KW - Robustness validation KW - Construction products PY - 2012 SP - 1 EP - 5(?) PB - ISCOWA and SGI AN - OPUS4-26966 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nilsson, R. H. A1 - Taylor, A. F. S. A1 - Adams, R. I. A1 - Baschien, C. A1 - Bengtsson-Palme, J. A1 - Cangren, P. A1 - Coleine, C. A1 - Iršėnaitė, R. A1 - Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria A1 - Meyer, W. A1 - Oh, S.-Y. A1 - Sampaio, J. P. A1 - Seifert, K. A. A1 - Sklenář, F. A1 - Stubbe, D. A1 - Suh, S.-O. A1 - Summerbell, R. A1 - Svantesson, S. A1 - Unterseher, M. A1 - Visagie, C. M. A1 - Weiss, M. A1 - Woudenberg, J. HC. A1 - Wurzbacher, C. A1 - Van den Wyngaert, S. A1 - Yilmaz, N. A1 - Yurkov, A. A1 - Kõljalg, U. A1 - Abarenkov, K. A1 - Daniel, H.-M. A1 - Glassman, S. I. A1 - Hirooka, H. A1 - Irinyi, L. T1 - Taxonomic annotation of public fungal ITS sequences from the built environment – a report from an April 10–11, 2017 workshop (Aberdeen, UK) N2 - Recent DNA-based studies have shown that the built environment is surprisingly rich in fungi. These indoor fungi – whether transient visitors or more persistent residents – may hold clues to the rising levels of human allergies and other medical and building-related health problems observed globally. The taxo¬nomic identity of these fungi is crucial in such pursuits. Molecular identification of the built mycobiome is no trivial undertaking, however, given the large number of unidentified, misidentified, and technically compromised fungal sequences in public sequence databases. In addition, the sequence metadata required to make informed taxonomic decisions – such as country and host/substrate of collection – are often lacking even from reference and ex-type sequences. Here we report on a taxonomic annotation workshop (April 10–11, 2017) organized at the James Hutton Institute/University of Aberdeen (UK) to facilitate reproducible studies of the built mycobiome. The 32 participants went through public fungal ITS bar¬code sequences related to the built mycobiome for taxonomic and nomenclatural correctness, technical quality, and metadata availability. A total of 19,508 changes – including 4,783 name changes, 14,121 metadata annotations, and the removal of 99 technically compromised sequences – were implemented in the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi (https://unite.ut.ee/) and shared with a range of other databases and downstream resources. Among the genera that saw the largest number of changes were Penicillium, Talaromyces, Cladosporium, Acremonium, and Alternaria, all of them of significant importance in both culture-based and culture-independent surveys of the built environment. KW - Indoor mycobiome KW - Built environment KW - Molecular identification KW - Fungi KW - Taxonomy KW - Systematics KW - Sequence annotation KW - Metadata KW - Open data PY - 2018 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-438949 DO - https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.28.20887 SN - 1314-4049 SN - 1314-4057 VL - 28 SP - 65 EP - 82 PB - Pensoft Publishers CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-43894 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Doublet, V. A1 - Poeschl, Y. A1 - Gogol-Döring, A. A1 - Alaux, C. A1 - Annoscia, D. A1 - Aurori, C. A1 - Barribeau, S. M. A1 - Bedoya-Reina, O. C. A1 - Brown, M. J. F. A1 - Bull, J. C. A1 - Flenniken, M. L. A1 - Galbraith, D. A. A1 - Genersch, E. A1 - Gisder, S. A1 - Grosse, I. A1 - Holt, H. L. A1 - Hultmark, D. A1 - Lattorff, H. M. G. A1 - Le Conte, Y. A1 - Manfredini, F. A1 - McMahon, Dino Peter A1 - Moritz, R. F. A. A1 - Nazzi, F. A1 - Niño, E. L. A1 - Nowick, K. A1 - Van Rij, R. P. A1 - Paxton, R. J. A1 - Grozinger, C. M. T1 - Unity in defence: honeybee workers exhibit conserved molecular responses to diverse pathogens N2 - Background: Organisms typically face infection by diverse pathogens, and hosts are thought to have developed specific responses to each type of pathogen they encounter. The advent of transcriptomics now makes it possible to test this hypothesis and compare host gene expression responses to multiple pathogens at a genome-wide scale. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of multiple published and new transcriptomes using a newly developed bioinformatics approach that filters genes based on their expression profile across datasets. Thereby, we identified common and unique molecular responses of a model host species, the honey bee (Apis mellifera), to its major pathogens and parasites: the Microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae, RNA viruses, and the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, which transmits viruses. Results: We identified a common suite of genes and conserved molecular pathways that respond to all investigated pathogens, a result that suggests a commonality in response mechanisms to diverse pathogens. We found that genes differentially expressed after infection exhibit a higher evolutionary rate than non-differentially expressed genes. Using our new bioinformatics approach, we unveiled additional pathogen-specific responses of honey bees; we found that apoptosis appeared to be an important response following microsporidian infection, while genes from the immune signalling pathways, Toll and Imd, were differentially expressed after Varroa/virus infection. Finally, we applied our bioinformatics approach and generated a gene co-expression network to identify highly connected (hub) genes that may represent important mediators and regulators of anti-pathogen responses. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis generated a comprehensive overview of the host metabolic and other biological processes that mediate interactions between insects and their pathogens. We identified key host genes and pathways that respond to phylogenetically diverse pathogens, representing an important source for future functional studies as well as offering new routes to identify or generate pathogen resilient honey bee stocks. The statistical and bioinformatics approaches that were developed for this study are broadly applicable to synthesize information across transcriptomic datasets. These approaches will likely have utility in addressing a variety of biological questions. KW - Coexpression KW - Apis mellifera KW - Nosema KW - Varroa destructor KW - DWV KW - IAPV KW - RNA virus KW - Meta-analysis KW - Transcriptomics PY - 2017 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-410439 DO - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3597-6 SN - 1471-2164 VL - 18 SP - 207 EP - 224 AN - OPUS4-41043 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Varadarajan, A. A1 - Allan, R. A1 - Valentin, J. A1 - Castañeda Ocampo, O. A1 - Somerville, V. A1 - Buhmann, M. A1 - West, J. A1 - Skipp, Paul A1 - van der Mei, H. A1 - Ren, Q. A1 - Schreiber, Frank A1 - Webb, J. A1 - Pietsch, Franziska A1 - Ahrens, C. T1 - An integrated model system to gain mechanistic insights into biofilm-associated antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa MPAO1 N2 - Pseudomonas aeruginosa MPAO1 is the parental strain of the widely utilized transposon mutant collection for this important clinical pathogen. Here, we validate a model system to identify genes involved in biofilm growth and biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance. Our model employs a genomics-driven workflow to assemble the complete MPAO1 genome, identify unique and conserved genes by comparative genomics with the PAO1 reference strain and genes missed within existing assemblies by proteogenomics. Among over 200 unique MPAO1 genes, we identified six general essential genes that were overlooked when mapping public Tn-seq data sets against PAO1, including an antitoxin. Genomic data were integrated with phenotypic data from an experimental workflow using a user-friendly, soft lithography-based microfluidic flow chamber for biofilm growth and a screen with the Tn-mutant library in microtiter plates. The screen identified hitherto unknown genes involved in biofilm growth and antibiotic resistance. Experiments conducted with the flow chamber across three laboratories delivered reproducible data on P. aeruginosa biofilms and validated the function of both known genes and genes identified in the Tn-mutant screens. Differential Protein abundance data from planktonic cells versus biofilm confirmed the upregulation of candidates known to affect biofilm formation, of structural and secreted proteins of type VI secretion systems, and provided proteogenomic evidence for some missed MPAO1 genes. This integrated, broadly applicable model promises to improve the mechanistic understanding of biofilm formation, antimicrobial tolerance, and resistance evolution in biofilms. KW - Biofilms PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-515108 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-020-00154-8 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - Article number: 46 PB - Springer Nature CY - Singapore AN - OPUS4-51510 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, S. A1 - Beckmann, Jörg A1 - Braun, M.-T. A1 - Cojocari, O. A1 - Feige, V. A1 - Fischer, B. A1 - Friederich, F. A1 - Globisch, B. A1 - Hechtfischer, G. A1 - Hens, K. A1 - Hübers, H.-W. A1 - Jelonnek, J. A1 - Jonuscheit, J. A1 - Keil, A. A1 - Kleine-Ostmann, T. A1 - Marquardt, E. A1 - Mayr, M. A1 - Nickel, H.-U. A1 - Nüßler, D. A1 - Peichl, M. A1 - Peters, O. A1 - Schür, J. A1 - Sprenger, T. A1 - Steiger, A. A1 - van Frank, S. A1 - Vieweg, N. A1 - Wilk, R. ED - Jonuscheit, J. ED - Marquardt, E. T1 - Terahertzsysteme und Anwendungsfelder N2 - Der Frequenzbereich der Terahertzwellen liegt im elektromagnetischen Spektrum zwischen den Mikrowellen und dem infraroten Licht – also etwa im Bereich von 0,1 bis 10 Terahertz (THz). Der VDI-Statusreport „Terahertzsysteme und Anwendungen“ stellt die unterschiedlichen Konzepte für Terahertzsysteme vor und zeigt Anwendungsbeispiele, bei denen die Terahertztechnik erfolgreich eingesetzt wird. Umfangreiche Literaturangaben ermöglichen eine intensivere Beschäftigung mit allen Themen des VDI-Statusreports. KW - Terahertzsysteme PY - 2020 UR - https://www.vdi.de/ueber-uns/presse/publikationen/details/terahertzsysteme-und-anwendungsfelder SP - 1 EP - 44 PB - Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-50556 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Van Den Bossche, T. A1 - Arntzen, M. O. A1 - Becher, D. A1 - Benndorf, D. A1 - Eijsink, V. G. H. A1 - Henry, C. A1 - Jagtap, P. D. A1 - Jehmlich, N. A1 - Juste, C. A1 - Kunath, B. J. A1 - Mesuere, B. A1 - Muth, Thilo A1 - Pope, P. B. A1 - Seifert, J. A1 - Tanca, A. A1 - Uzzau, S. A1 - Wilmes, P. A1 - Hettich, R. L. A1 - Armengaud, J. T1 - The Metaproteomics Initiative: a coordinated approach for propelling the functional characterization of microbiomes N2 - Through connecting genomic and metabolic information, metaproteomics is an essential approach for understanding how microbiomes function in space and time. The international metaproteomics community is delighted to announce the launch of the Metaproteomics Initiative (www.metaproteomics.org), the goal of which is to promote dissemination of metaproteomics fundamentals, advancements, and applications through collaborative networking in microbiome research. The Initiative aims to be the central information hub and open meeting place where newcomers and experts interact to communicate, standardize, and accelerate experimental and bioinformatic methodologies in this feld. We invite the entire microbiome community to join and discuss potential synergies at the interfaces with other disciplines, and to collectively promote innovative approaches to gain deeper insights into microbiome functions and dynamics. KW - Microbiome KW - Metaproteomics KW - Networking KW - Meta-Omics KW - Interactions KW - Education PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-542290 DO - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01176-w VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 243 PB - BMC AN - OPUS4-54229 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, S. A1 - Beckmann, Jörg A1 - Cojocari, O. A1 - Feige, V. A1 - Fischer, B. A1 - Friederich, F. A1 - Globisch, B. A1 - Hechtfischer, G. A1 - Hens, K. A1 - Hübers, H.-W. A1 - Jelonnek, J. A1 - Jonuscheit, J. A1 - Keil, A. A1 - Kleine-Ostmann, T. A1 - Mayr, M. A1 - Nüßler, D. A1 - Peichl, M. A1 - Peters, O. A1 - Schür, J. A1 - Sprenger, T. A1 - Steiger, A. A1 - van Frank, S. A1 - Vieweg, N. A1 - Wilk, R. T1 - Terahertzsysteme - Zeitbereichsspektrometer (TDS-Systeme) N2 - Diese Richtlinie definiert Kenngrößen und Messverfahren, um Terahertzsysteme für die Zeitbereichsspektroskopie (TDS)zu spezifizieren. So können Hersteller ihre Systeme übereinstimmend beschreiben und Anwender einfach Systeme vergleichen. Systeme für die Terahertz-Zeitbereichsspektroskopie sind aktive Systeme und nutzen verschiedene Techniken sowohl zur Erzeugung als auch zur zeitaufgelösten Messung von breitbandigen Terahertzimpulsen. Die dazugehörigen Terahertzspektren und -Phasen werden nach einer zeitlichen Abtastung über eine Fourier-Transformation berechnet. In dieser Richtlinie wird ein Überblick über die Funktionsweisen von Zeitbereichsspektrometern gegeben, die eingesetzten Messverfahren näher erläutert sowie die benötigten Begriffe und Kenngrößen definiert. Die Richtlinie konzentriert sich dabei auf Systeme, die auf sogenannten Abtastmessverfahren (Sampling-Messverfahren) basieren. KW - TDS-Systeme PY - 2020 UR - https://www.vdi.de/5590 VL - VDI/VDE 5590 Blatt 2 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - VDI-Verlag CY - Düsseldorf ET - Entwurf - Oktober 2020 AN - OPUS4-51947 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geilert, Sonja A1 - Vroon, P.Z. A1 - Roerdink, D.L. A1 - Van Cappellen, P. A1 - Van Bergen, M.J. T1 - Silicon isotope fractionation during abiotic silica precipitation at low temperatures: Inferences from flow-through experiments N2 - Silicon isotopes have considerable potential as proxy for (near-) surface processes and environmental conditions. However, unambiguous interpretations of isotope signatures in natural silica deposits are often hampered by a lack of independent quantitative information on isotopic fractionations operating under the environmental conditions of interest. We performed seeded silica precipitation experiments using flow-through reactors in the 10–60 °C temperature range to alleviate this problem. The principal objective was to quantify the silicon isotope fractionations during controlled precipitation of amorphous silica from a flowing aqueous solution. The experiments were designed to simulate silica deposition induced by a temperature drop, with particular relevance for (near-) surface hydrothermal systems associated with steep temperature gradients. Monitored differences in silicon isotope ratios (30Si/28Si and 29Si/28Si) between input and output solutions demonstrated a systematic sequence in behavior. During an initial time interval, that is, before the reaction system reached steady state, the observed isotope shifts were influenced by dissolution of the seed material, the saturation state of the solution and the specific surface area of the seeds. After reaching steady state, the selective incorporation of silicon isotopes by the solid phase exhibited an explicit temperature dependency: the lighter isotopes were preferentially incorporated, and apparent fractionation magnitudes increased with decreasing temperature. Calculated magnitudes of silicon isotope fractionations between precipitated and dissolved silica (Δ30Si = δ30Siprecipitate (calculated) – δ30Siinput solution) were –2.1‰ at 10 °C, –1.2‰ at 20 °C, –1.0‰ at 30 °C, –0.5‰ at 40 °C, 0.1‰ at 50 °C, and 0.2‰ at 60 °C (s.d. ≤ 0.6‰, based on replicate experiments). Hence, fractionation was nearly insignificant at temperatures ≥50 °C. Apart from this relationship with temperature, our results indicate that the effective Si isotope fractionation during precipitation from a solution is subject to changes in the saturation state, reactive surface area and flow regime. We therefore infer that, to a significant extent, solid–fluid fractionation in natural (near-) surface environments is system dependent. KW - Silicon isotope fractionation KW - Flow-through experiments KW - Steady-state frictionation KW - Apparent temperature dependency PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.003 SN - 0016-7037 SN - 1872-9533 VL - 142 SP - 95 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-31487 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seah, M.P. A1 - Spencer, S.J. A1 - Bensebaa, F. A1 - Vickridge, I. A1 - Danzebrink, H. A1 - Krumrey, M. A1 - Gross, Thomas A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Wendler, E. A1 - Rheinländer, B. A1 - Azuma, Y. A1 - Kojima, I. A1 - Suzuki, N. A1 - Suzuki, M. A1 - Tanuma, S. A1 - Moon, D.W. A1 - Lee, H.J. A1 - Cho, H.M. A1 - Chen, H.Y. A1 - Wee, A. T. S. A1 - Osipowicz, T. A1 - Pan, J.S. A1 - Jordaan, W.A. A1 - Hauert, R. A1 - Klotz, U. A1 - van der Marel, C. A1 - Verheijen, M. A1 - Tamminga, Y. A1 - Jeynes, C. A1 - Bailey, P. A1 - Biswas, S. A1 - Falke, U. A1 - Nguyen, N.V. A1 - Chandler-Horowitz, D. A1 - Ehrstein, J.R. A1 - Muller, D. A1 - Dura, J.A. T1 - Critical review of the current status of thickness measurements for ultrathin SiO2 on Si - Part V: Results of a CCQM pilot study N2 - Results are reported from a pilot study under the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM) to compare measurements of and resolve any relevant measurement issues in, the amount of thermal SiO2 oxide on (100) and (111) orientation Si wafer substrates in the thickness range 1.5 - 8 nm. As a result of the invitation to participate in this activity, 45 sets of measurements have been made in different laboratories using 10 analytical methods: medium-energy ion scattering spectrometry (MEIS), nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), RBS, elastic backscattering spectrometry (EBS), XPS, SIMS, ellipsometry, grazing-incidence x-ray reflectrometry (GIXRR), neutron reflectometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The measurements are made on separate sets of 10 carefully prepared samples, all of which have been characterised by a combination of ellipsometry and XPS using carefully established reference conditions and reference parameters. The results have been assessed against the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) data and all show excellent linearity. The remaining data sets correlate with the NPL data with average root-mean-square scatters of 0.15 nm, half being better than 0.1 nm and a few at or better than 0.05 nm. Each set of data allows a relative scaling constant and a zero thickness offset to be determined. Each method has an inherent zero thickness offset between 0 nm and 1 nm and it is these offsets, measured here for the first time, that have caused many problems in the past. There are three basic classes of offset: water and carbonadeous contamination equivalent to ~1 nm as seen by ellipsometry; adsorbed oxygen mainly from water at an equivalent thickness of 0.5 nm as seen by MEIS, NRA, RBS and possibly GIXRR; and no offset as seen by XPS using the Si 2p peaks. Each technique has a different uncertainty for the scaling constant and consistent results have been achieved. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy has large uncertainties for the scaling constant but a high precision and, critically, if used correctly, has zero offset. Thus, a combination of XPS and the other methods allows the XPS scaling constant to be determined with low uncertainty, traceable via the other methods. XPS laboratories returning results early were invited to test a new reference procedure. All showed very significant improvements. The reference attenuation lengths thus need scaling by 0.986 ± 0.009 (at an expansion factor of 2) deduced from the data for the other methods. Several other methods have small offsets and, to the extent that these can be shown to be constant or measurable, then these methods will also show low uncertainty. Recommendations are provided for parameters for XPS, MEIS, RBS and NRA to improve their accuracy. KW - Calibration KW - Ellipsometry KW - GIXRR KW - Interlaboratory study KW - MEIS KW - Neutron reflectometry KW - NRA KW - RBS KW - Silicon dioxide KW - SIMS KW - XPS PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.1909 SN - 0142-2421 SN - 1096-9918 VL - 36 IS - 9 SP - 1269 EP - 1303 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester AN - OPUS4-5549 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Seah, M.P. A1 - Spencer, S.J. A1 - Bensebaa, F. A1 - Vickridge, I. A1 - Danzebrink, H. A1 - Krumrey, M. A1 - Gross, Thomas A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Wendler, E. A1 - Rheinländer, B. A1 - Azuma, Y. A1 - Kojima, I. A1 - Suzuki, N. A1 - Suzuki, M. A1 - Tanuma, S. A1 - Moon, D.W. A1 - Lee, H.J. A1 - Cho, H.M. A1 - Chen, H.Y. A1 - Wee, A. T. S. A1 - Osipowicz, T. A1 - Pan, J.S. A1 - Jordaan, W.A. A1 - Hauert, R. A1 - Klotz, U. A1 - van der Marel, C. A1 - Verheijen, M. A1 - Tamminga, Y. A1 - Jeynes, C. A1 - Bailey, P. A1 - Biswas, S. A1 - Falke, U. A1 - Nguyen, N.V. A1 - Chandler-Horowitz, D. A1 - Ehrstein, J.R. A1 - Muller, D. A1 - Dura, J.A. T1 - Ultra-thin SiO2 on Si, Part V: Results of a CCQM Pilot Study of Thickness Measurements KW - SiO2 KW - Thin films KW - Thickness KW - XPS KW - Ellipsometry KW - TEM PY - 2003 SN - 1473-2734 SP - 57 pages AN - OPUS4-4118 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ridsdale, P. A1 - Cali, J. A1 - Cox, J. A1 - de Bievre, P. A1 - van der Eijk, W. A1 - Marshal, A. A1 - Wandelburg, Klaus T1 - Panel on General Principles of the Certification Procedure for RM's T2 - International Symposium on the Production and Use of Reference Materials CY - Berlin, BAM DA - 1979-11-13 PY - 1980 SP - 443 EP - 459 PB - BAM CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-9273 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Hjelmar, O. A1 - Hyks, J. A1 - Wahlström, M. A1 - Laine-Ylijoki, M. A1 - van Zomeren, A. A1 - Comans, R. A1 - Kalbe, Ute A1 - Schoknecht, Ute A1 - Krüger, Oliver A1 - Grathwohl, P. A1 - Wendel, T. A1 - Abdelghafour, M. A1 - Méhu, J. A1 - Schiopu, N. A1 - Lupsea, M. T1 - Robustness validation of TS-2 and TS-3 developed by CEN/TC351/WG1 to assess release from products to soil, surface water and groundwater KW - Bauprodukte KW - Umweltverträglichkeit KW - Leachingtest KW - Europäische Harmonisierung PY - 2013 IS - Final Report (NEN - Secretariat of CEN/TC 351) SP - 1 EP - 278 ET - Project-No. 11810594 AN - OPUS4-28291 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sadowski, A. A1 - Seidel, M. A1 - Al-Lawati, H. A1 - Azizi, E. A1 - Balscheit, Hagen A1 - Böhm, M. A1 - Chen, Lei A1 - van Dijk, I. A1 - Doerich-Stavridis, C. A1 - Kunle Fajuyitan, O. A1 - Filippidis, A. A1 - Winther Fischer, A. A1 - Fischer, C. A1 - Gerasimidis, S. A1 - Karampour, H. A1 - Kathirkamanathan, L. A1 - Subramanian, S. A1 - Topkaya, Cem A1 - Wagner, H. N. R. A1 - Wang, J. A1 - Wang, J. A1 - Kumar Yadav, K. A1 - Yun, X. A1 - Zhang, P. T1 - 8-MW wind turbine tower computational shell buckling benchmark - Part 1: An international ‘round-robin’ exercise N2 - An assessment of the elastic-plastic buckling limit state for multi-strake wind turbine support towers poses a particular challenge for the modern finite element analyst, who must competently navigate numerous modelling choices related to the tug-of-war between meshing and computational cost, the use of solvers that are robust to highly nonlinear behaviour, the potential for multiple near-simultaneously critical failure locations, the complex issue of imperfection sensitivity and finally the interpretation of the data into a safe and economic design. This paper reports on an international ‘round-robin’ exercise conducted in 2022 aiming to take stock of the computational shell buckling expertise around the world which attracted 29 submissions. Participants were asked to perform analyses of increasing complexity on a standardised benchmark of an 8-MW multi-strake steel wind turbine support tower segment, from a linear elastic stress analysis to a linear bifurcation analysis to a geometrically and materially nonlinear buckling analysis with imperfections. The results are a showcase of the significant shell buckling expertise now available in both industry and academia. This paper is the first of a pair. The second paper presents a detailed reference solution to the benchmark, including an illustration of the Eurocode-compliant calibration of two important imperfection forms. KW - Wind turbine tower KW - Computational KW - Shell buckling KW - Benchmark PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107124 SN - 1350-6307 VL - 148 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-57019 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pogány, A. A1 - Balslev-Harder, D. A1 - Braban, Ch. F. A1 - Cassidy, N. A1 - Ebert, V. A1 - Ferracci, V. A1 - Hieta, T. A1 - Leuenberger, D. A1 - Martin, N. A. A1 - Pascale, C. A1 - Peltola, J. A1 - Persijn, S. A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Twigg, M. M. A1 - Vaittinen, Olavi A1 - van Wijk, J. A1 - Wirtz, K. A1 - Niederhauser, B. T1 - A metrological approach to improve accuracy and reliability of ammonia measurements in ambient air N2 - The environmental impacts of ammonia (NH3) in ambient air have become more evident in the recent decades, leading to intensifying research in this field. A number of novel analytical techniques and monitoring instruments have been developed, and the quality and availability of reference gas mixtures used for the calibration of measuring instruments has also increased significantly. However, recent inter-comparison measurements show significant discrepancies, indicating that the majority of the newly developed devices and reference materials require further thorough validation. There is a clear need for more intensive metrological research focusing on quality assurance, intercomparability and validations. MetNH3 (Metrology for ammonia in ambient air) is a three-year project within the framework of the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP), which aims to bring metrological traceability to ambient ammonia measurements in the 0.5–500 nmol mol−1 amount fraction range. This is addressed by working in three areas: (1) improving accuracy and stability of static and dynamic reference gas mixtures, (2) developing an optical transfer standard and (3) establishing the link between high-accuracy metrological standards and field measurements. In this article we describe the concept, aims and first results of the project. KW - Ammonia in ambient air KW - Traceability KW - Reference gas standards KW - Optical transfer standard KW - Validation and testing infrastructure PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/27/11/115012 SN - 0957-0233 VL - 27 IS - 11 SP - 115012 EP - 115026 PB - IOP Publishing Ltd. AN - OPUS4-39130 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nordholt, Niclas A1 - van Heerden, J. H. A1 - Bruggeman, F. J. T1 - Biphasic Cell-Size and Growth-Rate Homeostasis by Single Bacillus subtilis Cells N2 - The growth rate of single bacterial cells is continuously disturbed by random fluctuations in biosynthesis rates and by deterministic cell-cycle events, such as division, genome duplication, and septum formation. It is not understood whether, and how, bacteria reject these growth-rate disturbances. Here, we quantified growth and constitutive protein expression dynamics of single Bacillus subtilis cells as a function of cell-cycle progression. We found that, even though growth at the population level is exponential, close inspection of the cell cycle of thousands of single Bacillus subtilis cells reveals systematic deviations from exponential growth. Newborn cells display varying growth rates that depend on their size. When they divide, growth-rate Variation has decreased, and growth rates have become birth size independent. Thus, cells indeed compensate for growth-rate disturbances and achieve growth-rate homeostasis. Protein synthesis and growth of single cells displayed correlated, biphasic dynamics from cell birth to division. During a first phase of variable duration, the absolute rates were approximately constant and cells behaved as sizers. In the second phase, rates increased, and growth behavior exhibited characteristics of a timer strategy. These findings demonstrate that, just like size homeostasis, growth-rate homeostasis is an inherent property of single cells that is achieved by cell-cycle-dependent rate adjustments of biosynthesis and growth. KW - Bacterial cell cycle KW - Single cell microbiology KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - Growth-rate homeostasis KW - Biphasic growth PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-510689 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.04.030 VL - 30 IS - 12 SP - 2238 EP - 2247 PB - Cell Press AN - OPUS4-51068 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Sierra-Alvarez, R. A1 - Le Bayon, I. A1 - Carey, J. A1 - Stephan, Ina A1 - van Acker, J. A1 - Grinda, Manfred A1 - Kleist, G. A1 - Militz, H. A1 - Peek, R.-D. T1 - Laboratory Testing of Wood Natural Durability in Soil-Bed Assay T2 - 29th Annual Meeting of the International Research Group on Wood Preservation CY - Maastricht, Netherlands DA - 1998-06-14 KW - Wood KW - Fungal decay KW - Soft rot fungi KW - Natural durability KW - Test method KW - Soil exposure KW - Mass loss KW - Static bending PY - 1998 SP - Paper IRG/WP 98-20141, 1-15 PB - International Research Group on Wood Preservation CY - Stockholm AN - OPUS4-4453 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Deroubaix, G. A1 - Labat, G. A1 - Lebayon, I. A1 - Legay, S. A1 - Marchal, P. A1 - Yrieix, C. A1 - Melcher, E. A1 - Peek, R.-D. A1 - De Geyter, S. A1 - van Acker, J. A1 - Homan, W. A1 - Dickinson, D. A1 - Murphy, R. A1 - Suttie, E. A1 - Nurmi, A. A1 - Ritschkoff, A. A1 - Rudolph, Dieter A1 - Stephan, Ina A1 - Aston, D. A1 - Baines, E. A1 - Simonin, J. T1 - Environmental Risk Assessment of Treated Timber in Service - the Environment Focus Group Approach N2 - In the context of the Biocidal Products Directive (98/8/EC), and of the OECD work on wood preservatives, the Environment Focus Group (EFG), comprising 8 institutes and the European Wood Preservative Manufacturers Group, has been working on the environmental risk assessment of treated timber in service. A literature review of emissions from treated timber has revealed that very little existing data is usable for environmental risk assessment; the most relevant data are kinetic curves of emissions over time, which show clearly the non-linear emissions behaviour of treated wood over time. The EFG has suggested real exposure conditions for treated timber in the environment, and listed typical exposure scenarios. Five representative scenarios are characterised in detail, for use in the calculation of Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PECs). The existing methods to determine emissions from treated wood have been reviewed. Most existing experimental models cannot be used to predict environmental emissions. Monitoring of commodities in service has its specific constraints. Chemical analysis and ecotoxicity testing have also been reviewed and their relationship has been discussed. Principles for the design of experimental models, for the determination of emission fluxes from treated wood to the environment, have been established. T2 - 31th Annual Meeting of the International Research Group on Wood Preservation CY - Kona, HI, USA DA - 2000-05-14 PY - 2000 UR - http://www.irg-wp.com/irgdocs/details.aspx?id=42bc629a-609f-4689-8a62-3542121b4a79 SP - Paper 50162, 1 EP - 17 PB - International Research Group on Wood Preservation CY - Stockholm AN - OPUS4-4455 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -