TY - JOUR A1 - Madia, Mauro A1 - Beretta, S. A1 - Schödel, M. A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Luke, M. A1 - Varfolomeyev, I. T1 - Stress intensity factor solutions for cracks in railway axles N2 - The aim of this paper is a collection of stress intensity factor solutions for cracks in railway axle geometries which the authors of the present special issue developed and/or used for damage tolerance analyses. These solutions comprise closed form analytical as well as tabled geometry functions and they refer to solid as well as hollow axles and various crack sites such as the T- and V-notch and the axle body. KW - Railway axles KW - Stress intensity factor PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2010.03.019 SN - 0013-7944 SN - 1873-7315 VL - 78 IS - 5 SP - 764 EP - 792 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Kidlington AN - OPUS4-22495 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Beretta, S. T1 - Failure and damage tolerance aspects of railway components N2 - Railway structures such as rails and axles are safety relevant components since any failure includes the risk of catastrophic derailment. This paper gives a brief overview on the most important potential failure scenarios driven by fatigue crack initiation and propagation and discusses the effects of important influencing factors such as vehicle weight and speed, track quality and environmental conditions. The present paper summarizes earlier work of the authors in this field. KW - Railway rails KW - Railway axles KW - Fatigue crack propagation KW - Damage tolerance KW - Fracture mechanics PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2010.06.001 SN - 1350-6307 SN - 1873-1961 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 534 EP - 542 PB - Elsevier Science Publ. CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-22639 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Madia, Mauro A1 - Riesch-Oppermann, H. A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Beretta, S. ED - Klingbeil, D. ED - Vormwald, M. ED - Eulitz, K.-G. T1 - A new full-probabilistic framework for the structural integrity assessment of structures containing cracks T2 - 18th European conference on fracture (ECF 18) - Fracture of materials and structures from micro to macro scale CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2010-08-30 KW - Structural integrity KW - SINTAP KW - FITNET KW - Reliability KW - FORM PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-00-031802-3 IS - C.02.1-3 / #306 SP - 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-22843 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Komann, Steffen A1 - Kiyak, Yusuf A1 - Wille, Frank A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Weber, Mike A1 - Klingbeil, Dietmar T1 - Assessment of ductile cast iron fracture mechanics analysis within licensing of German transport packages N2 - In the approval procedure of transport packages for radioactive materials, the mechanical and thermal safety assessment is carried out in Germany by competent authority BAM. In recent years BAM was involved in several licensing procedures of new spent fuel and HLW package designs, where the cask body was made of Ductile Cast Iron (DCI). According to IAEA regulations package designs have to fulfill requirements for specific conditions of transport. Type B(U) packages must withstand the defined accident conditions of transport. The temperature range from -40°C up to the operational temperature has to be considered. For the cask material DCI, it is necessary to determine the brittle fracture behavior. The German guideline BAM-GGR 007 defines requirements for the fracture mechanics of DCI. Due to complex structure of the cask body and the dynamic loading a fracture mechanical assessment in an analytical kind is not always possible. Experience of recent design approval procedures show that the application of numerical calculations are applicable to determine the fracture mechanical load in the cask body. At the first step a numerical analysis has to be done to identify the loading state at the whole cask body. Secondly an analysis of a detail of the cask body is made considering the displacement boundary conditions of the global model. An artificial flaw is considered in this detailed model to calculate the fracture mechanical loading state. The finite element mesh was strongly refined in the area of flaw. The size of the artificial flaw is characterized by the ultrasonic inspection used for the quality assurance of the package. The applicant developed additional analysis tools for calculation of stress intensity factor and/or J-Integral. The assessment approach by BAM led to the decision to develop own tools to the possibility for independent check of the results. The paper describes the authority assessment approach for the DCI fracture mechanics analysis. The validation procedure incl. the development of own tools is explained. BAM developed a post-processor called JINFEM to determine the fracture mechanical loads. The regulatory 1 m puncture bar drop test is used to give an example of the assessment procedure. T2 - 52nd INMM Annual meeting CY - Palm Desert, CA, USA DA - 17.07.2011 KW - Mechanische Bewertung KW - Radioaktives Material KW - Numerische Analyse KW - Bruchmechanik PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-25022 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Komann, Steffen A1 - Kiyak, Yusuf A1 - Wille, Frank A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Weber, Mike A1 - Klingbeil, Dietmar T1 - Assessment of ductile cast iron fracture mechanics analysis within licensing of German transport packages T2 - ASME 2012 Pressure vessels & piping division conference CY - Toronto, Ontario, Canada DA - 2012-07-15 PY - 2012 SP - PVP2012-78213, 1-7 PB - American Society of Mechanical Engineers CY - New York AN - OPUS4-26363 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Beretta, S. A1 - Köhler, G. A1 - Lawton, A. A1 - Vormwald, M. A1 - Beier, H.T. A1 - Klinger, Christian A1 - Cerný, I. A1 - Rudlin, J. A1 - Heckel, Thomas A1 - Klingbeil, Dietmar T1 - Safe life and damage tolerance aspects of railway axles - A review N2 - The paper gives an overview on safe life and damage tolerance methods applied to railway axles. It describes failure scenarios due to fatigue crack initiation and propagation. Besides common aspects of design, specific features such as corrosion and impact damage from flying ballast are discussed which may reduce the fatigue strength of axles during service. Potential effects of non-metallic inclusions from the steel manufacturing process are addressed in the context of the very high number of loading cycles railway axles are designed for. With respect to damage tolerance general lines of fracture mechanics residual lifetime analyses are introduced. More specific discussion is provided on aspects such as the threshold value of fatigue crack propagation and reliability aspects of non-destructive inspection. KW - Railway axle KW - Safe life design KW - Damage tolerance KW - Fatigue strength KW - Fatigue crack propagation KW - Inspection intervals PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2012.09.029 SN - 0013-7944 SN - 1873-7315 VL - 98 SP - 214 EP - 271 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Kidlington AN - OPUS4-27779 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Madia, Mauro ED - Yu, S. ED - Feng, X.-Q. T1 - Fracture mechanics model for predicting fracture strength of metallic alloys containing large second phase particles N2 - An analytical fracture mechanics model for predicting the finite life fatigue strength of components is presented which Combines a number of well established and newly developed approaches such as Murakami’s and McEvily's approach for describing the transient behaviour of crack closure of short cracks, the analytical (long) crack closure function of Newman, the R6 procedure modified by a method for improving the ligament yielding correction proposed by the authors and other elements. Basic assumption is the preexistence of initial flaws such that the crack initiation or nucleation stage is small and can be neglected. The application of the model is demonstrated for small tension plates of aluminium Al 5380 H321 with artificial initial defects generated by FIB technology, the size of which was fixed on the basis of fractographic investigations on broken, smooth specimens. T2 - ICF13 - 13th International conference on fracture CY - Beijing, China DA - 16.06.2013 KW - Fatigue strength KW - S-N curve KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Crack propagation KW - Short cracks PY - 2013 SN - 978-988-12265-2-5 SP - 1 EP - 12 AN - OPUS4-29537 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Klinger, Christian A1 - Klingbeil, Dietmar T1 - Structural assessment of railway axles - A critical review N2 - The safety assessment of railway axles is based on a two-stage approach: fatigue strength design and regular inspections which, in terms of a general safety philosophy refer to safe-life and damage tolerance concepts. Starting with a recent failure case, a broken axle of a German high speed train, a discussion is presented on issues of both safety levels. These include ideas for finite life design, the treatment of in-service effects on the fatigue strength due to flying ballast damage and corrosion pits, the effect of corrosion on fatigue crack initiation and propagation, potential effects of non-metallic inclusions in steels, the way to detect them by quality control measures and reliability aspects of non-destructive testing with respect to the detection of fatigue cracks. Proposals are made how the safety level could be further improved. KW - Railway axles KW - Safe life design KW - Damage tolerance design KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Flying ballast impact KW - Corrosion KW - Non-metallic inclusions PY - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350630712002531 SN - 1350-6307 SN - 1873-1961 VL - 35 IS - Special issue on ICEFA V- Part 1 SP - 54 EP - 65 PB - Elsevier Science Publ. CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-29715 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Klingbeil, Dietmar A1 - Zerbst, Uwe A1 - Klinger, Christian ED - Yu, S. ED - Feng, X.-Q. T1 - Safe life and damage tolerance concepts of railway axles N2 - On July 9, 2008 a high speed train derailed in Cologne main Station, Germany at a low speed because an axle was broken. Fortunately, the derailment happened at a low speed so that nobody was injured. The reason for the broken axle was investigated and it turned out that most likely large inclusions located shortly undemeath the surface in a T-transition were the origin of the final crack. Basing on that result, a systematic investigation on existing safety assessments of railway axles was performed. This results in an analysis of the production process of axles and in a critical review of existing of existing assessments. Improvements and future developments are outlined. T2 - ICF13 - 13th International conference on fracture CY - Beijing, China DA - 16.06.2013 KW - Railway axles KW - Derailment KW - Service loading fatigue KW - Inclusions KW - Safety assessment PY - 2013 SN - 978-988-12265-2-5 SP - 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-29651 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bergant, M. A1 - Werner, Tiago A1 - Madia, Mauro A1 - Yawny, A. A1 - Zerbst, Uwe T1 - Short crack propagation analysis and fatigue strength assessment of additively manufactured materials: An application to AISI 316L N2 - This paper presents the application of short crack propagation models based on the cyclic R-curve for assessing the fatigue strength of additively manufactured (AM) materials containing fabrication defects. Chapetti’s and IBESS models were implemented in combination with Murakami’s √area parameter, considering recently published data on laser powder bed fusion processed AISI 316L stainless steels. Estimated S-N curves and Kitagawa-Takahashi diagrams predict fairly well the experimental data, especially the origin of the failure from internal or surface defects. These results provide an indication that the methods based on the cyclic R-curve constitute suitable tools for fatigue behavior assessment of AM materials. KW - AM 316L stainless steel KW - Cyclic R-curve KW - Chapetti’s and IBESS model KW - S-N curve KW - Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2021.106396 VL - 151 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-53082 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -