TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich ED - Carcassi, M.N. T1 - Response time of hydrogen sensors N2 - The efficiency of gas sensor application for facilitating the safe use of hydrogen depends to a considerable extent on the response time of the sensor to change in hydrogen concentration. The response and recovery times have been measured for five different hydrogen sensors, three commercially available and two promising prototypes which operate at room temperature. Experiments according to ISO 26142 show that most of the sensors surpass much for a concentration change from clean to hydrogen containing air the demands of the Standard for the response times t(90) and values of 2 to lös were estimated. For an opposite shift to clean air, the recovery times t(10) are from 7 to 70 s. Results of transient behaviour can be fitted with an exponential approach. It can be demonstrated that results on transient behaviour depend not only from investigation method, and the experimental conditions, like gas changing rate and concentration jump, as well as from operating Parameters of sensors. In comparison to commercial MOS and MIS-FET hydrogen sensors new sensor prototypes operating at room temperature possesses in particular longer recovery times. T2 - ICHS2013 - 5th International conference on hydrogen safety CY - Brussels, Belgium DA - 09.09.2013 KW - Hydrogen sensors KW - Time response PY - 2013 SN - 978-2-9601366-0-9 SP - Paper 124, 1 EP - 8 AN - OPUS4-31082 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Erwamati, F. U. A1 - Pratapa, S. A1 - Suasmoro, S. A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Preparation and structural study of Mg1−xZnxTiO3 ceramics and their dielectric properties from 1 Hz to 7.7 GHz N2 - A series of Mg₁₋ₓZnₓTiO₃, x = 0–0.5 (MZT0–MZT0.5) ceramics was synthesised and characterised. The dielectric properties of the samples in the frequency range of 1 Hz – 7.7 GHz were explored using three different methods: a contacting electrode method, a parallel-plate method and a perturbed resonator method. The electrical properties in the space charge and dipolar polarisation frequency ranges are discussed in relation to the phase composition and microstructure data. Differences in the zinc Substitution divided the dielectrics into two groups, namely MZT0-MZT0.2 and MZT0.3–MZT0.5, each with different amount of a main Mg₁₋ₓZnₓTiO₃ solid solution phase and a secondary solid solution phase. Zinc substitution promoted the density of the ceramics, improved the purity of the main phase and increased the permittivity for frequencies up to 10⁸ Hz, but reduced the permittivity in the microwave range. In the MZT0.3–MZT0.5 samples, for frequencies less than 1 MHz the quality (Q x ƒ) factors were lower and log σ ₐ.c, the AC conductivity, was higher than for the MZT0–MZT0.2 samples. Above 10 MHz, the (Q x ƒ) factors and log σ ₐ.c of the two groups were similar. KW - Mg1-xZnxTiO3 KW - Space charge polarisation KW - Dipole polarisation KW - Microwave frequency KW - Dielectric properties PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4610-6 SN - 0957-4522 VL - 27 IS - 7 SP - 6637 EP - 6645 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht, Netherlands AN - OPUS4-36466 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Detjens, Marc A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Spurenfeuchtemessung in unterschiedlichen Gasen mit coulometrischen Sensoren N2 - Die Messung der Gasfeuchte im Spurenbereich in unterschiedlichen technisch und medizinisch relevanten Gasen erfolgte mit Sensoren, die auf dem coulometrischen Messprinzip basieren. Die verwendeten planaren coulometrischen Sensoren wurden im Frostpunkttemperaturbereich von -70 °C bis -30 °C in synthetischer Luft, Wasserstoff, Stickstoff und Distickstoffmonoxid (Lachgas) untersucht. Als Referenz für die Messungen wurde ein Präzisionstaupunktspiegel-Hygrometer verwendet. Die Gasfeuchte kann mit Hilfe der Sensoren in allen untersuchten Gasen, aber mit geänderten Kalibrierfunktionen, mit einer erweiterten Unsicherheit von kleiner als 2,1 K bestimmt werden. Für die Messungen in unterschiedlichen Gasen muss also der Einfluss der Gasmatrix auf das Sensorsignal berücksichtigt werden. So ist zum Beispiel bei Messungen in befeuchtetem Wasserstoff, aufgrund von Rekombinationseffekten, ein signifikant geändertes Sensorsignal zu beobachten. T2 - Temperatur 2017 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 17.05.2017 KW - Spurenfeuchte KW - Coulometrische Sensoren KW - Technische Gase PY - 2017 SN - 978-3-944659-04-6 SP - 247 EP - 252 AN - OPUS4-40293 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Validation of sensors for the determination of humidity in compressed gases N2 - Five miniaturized sensors based on dew-point, capacitance or resistance measurement were tested for the detection of humidity in compressed gases. The dew-point sensors with optical or dielectric detection of condensation were used at gas pressures up to 3 MPa in dew-point range of -20 to 70°C and show no systematic deviation and an uncertainty of dew-point temperature mostly less than 1 K. The LiCl sensor has also a low uncertainty but exhibit a systematic deviation to higher values of dew-point. Capacitive polymer sensors can indicate also a dew-point, even down to -70 °C and have an uncertainty of about 1 to 2 K. The oxide sensor works in the dew-point range of -10 to 20°C and has a signal what exponential decreases with increasing gas pressure up to 10 MPa. All types of sensor can be applied in compressed gases at least up to 3 MPa, but their different change of sensor signal due to the gas pressure has to be considered. T2 - 5th International Symposium on Humidity and Moisture (ISHM 2006 Brazil) CY - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil DA - 2006-05-02 KW - Pressure dew-point KW - Humidity sensor KW - Validation PY - 2006 SN - 978-85-86920-04-2 IS - Paper 110 SP - 1 EP - 5 AN - OPUS4-18578 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boon-Brett, L. A1 - Bousek, J. A1 - Black, G. A1 - Moretto, P. A1 - Castello, P. A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Identifiying performance gaps in hydrogen safety sensor technology for automotive and stationary applications N2 - A market survey has been performed of commercially available hydrogen safety sensors, resulting in a total sample size of 53 sensors from 21 manufacturers. The technical specifications, as provided by the manufacturer, have been collated and are displayed herein as a function of sensor working principle. These specifications comprise measuring range, response and recovery times, ambient temperature, pressure and relative humidity, power consumption and lifetime. These are then compared against known performance targets for both automotive and stationary applications in order to establish in how far current technology satisfies current requirements of sensor end users. Gaps in the performance of hydrogen sensing technologies are thus identified and areas recommended for future research and development. KW - Hydrogen sensor KW - Hydrogen detection KW - Safety KW - Sensor performance testing KW - Performance specifications KW - Performance targets PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.10.064 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 373 EP - 384 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-22893 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich ED - Matteo Pardo, ED - Giorgio Sberveglieri, T1 - Technical standard for multigassensors T2 - 13th International symposium on olfaction and electronic nose CY - Brescia, Italy DA - 2009-04-15 KW - Electronic nose KW - Ion mobility spectrometer KW - Spice mixtures KW - Product adulteration KW - Multivariate data analysis KW - Multigassensor KW - Standardisation KW - Codes and Standards PY - 2009 SN - 978-0-7354-0674-2 N1 - Serientitel: AIP conference proceedings – Series title: AIP conference proceedings VL - 1137 SP - 515 EP - 516 AN - OPUS4-19571 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eberstein, Markus A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Zum Einfluss der Glasstruktur auf die dielektrischen Verluste oxidischer Gläser im Mikrowellenbereich T2 - 77. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Leipzig, Deutschland DA - 2003-05-26 PY - 2003 VL - 77 SP - 8 EP - 11 PB - DGG CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-2753 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Kalibriereinrichtungen für Halbleoter-Gassensoren T2 - 1. Tagung Arbeitskreis Multigassensorik, BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-03-21 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-4312 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Qualitätsmanagement in der Feuchtemesstechnik T2 - Feuchtetag 2004 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2004-11-18 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5649 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Grundwasserscreening mit Elektronischer Nase T2 - 3. Workshop Gassensorik: Möglichkeiten, Grenzen und Anwendungen von Multigassensoren CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2004-12-02 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5650 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Gassensorik I - Prüfen und Kalibrieren von Gassensoren T2 - Sensor´97 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 1997-05-13 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-6595 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Adaptive Prüfung von Feuchtesensoren T2 - 4. Brandenburgische Technologie-Tage, Workshop "Sensor und Mikrotechnologien" CY - Teltow, Germany DA - 1997-10-01 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-6596 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Kalibrierung von Halbleiter-Gassensoren T2 - 4. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 1999-12-06 PY - 1999 AN - OPUS4-6580 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Kalibrierung von Sensoren zur Alkohol-Detektion T2 - Sensor´99 - Internationaler Kongress und Messe CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 1999-05-18 PY - 1999 AN - OPUS4-6581 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Adaptive Prüfung von Gas- und Feuchtesensoren T2 - Workshop Siemens ZTMF CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1997-11-18 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-6593 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Keramische Sensoren T2 - Sensor´95 - 7. Fachmesse mit Kongress CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 1995-05-09 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-6544 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Qualitätssicherung bei der Prüfung von Gassensoren T2 - 5. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2001-12-10 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-6567 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Qualitätssicherung in der Sensorik T2 - SENSOR/TEST 2001 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2001-05-08 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-6569 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Banach, Ulrich A1 - Hübert, Thomas ED - Baselt, J. P. T1 - Kalibrierung von Halbleiter-Gassensoren T2 - 4. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium CY - Dresden, Deutschland DA - 1999-12-06 PY - 1999 SN - 3-933592-72-0 N1 - Serientitel: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik – Series title: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik IS - 12-4 SP - 103 EP - 106 PB - w.e.b.-Univ.-Verl. CY - Dresden AN - OPUS4-7030 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Practical Applications of Electronic Noses T2 - SENSOR 2005 Kongress CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2005-05-10 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-7060 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Dotierte Strontiumtitanat-Keramiken nach dem Gelcasting Verfahren T2 - DKG Jahrestagung CY - Aachen, Germany DA - 1995-10-08 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-6548 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Intelligentes Messsystem für keramische Sensoren T2 - Interkama 95 CY - Düsseldorf, Germany DA - 1995-10-30 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-6549 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -