TY - JOUR A1 - Usmani, Shirin M. A1 - Plarre, Rüdiger A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Kemnitz, E. T1 - Termite resistance of pine wood treated with nano metal fluorides N2 - Fluorides are well-known as wood preservatives. One of the limitations of fluoride-based wood preservatives is their high leachability. Alternative to current fluoride salts such as NaF used in wood protection are low water-soluble fluorides. However, impregnation of low water-soluble fluorides into wood poses a challenge. To address this challenge, low water-soluble fluorides like calcium fluoride (CaF2) and magnesium fluoride (MgF2) were synthesized as nanoparticles via the fluorolytic sol−gel synthesis and then impregnated into wood specimens. In this study, the toxicity of nano metal fluorides was assessed by termite mortality, mass loss and visual analysis of treated specimens after eight weeks of exposure to termites, Coptotermes formosanus. Nano metal fluorides with sol concentrations of 0.5 M and higher were found to be effective against termites resulting in 100% termite mortality and significantly inhibited termite feeding. Among the formulations tested, the least damage was found for specimens treated with combinations of CaF2 and MgF2 with an average mass loss less than 1% and visual rating of “1”. These results demonstrate the efficacy of low water-soluble nano metal fluorides to protect Wood from termite attack. KW - Wood Protection KW - Nano Particles KW - Termites PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-508377 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-020-01522-z VL - 78 SP - 493 EP - 499 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-50837 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Boon-Brett, L. A1 - Buttner, W. J. T1 - Sensors for Safety and Process Control in Hydrogen Technologies N2 - This book is on sensors which are regularly deployed in technologies and processes related to hydrogen production, storage, distribution, and use. Not all types of sensors are equally suitable for specific hydrogen applications. The information in this book is intended to help the reader understand the basics of sensors, sensing technologies, sensor applications, and to provide guidelines for choosing the right sensors and the use of them correctly. Correct deployment of appropriate sensors demands knowledge of the sensing principle and of the physical or chemical quantities being measured. Because of the properties of hydrogen, the potential for its vastly increased use in a future low-carbon economy and possible hazards associated with its use, special attention is paid to hydrogen sensors. This book will not focus on the details of the hydrogen technologies nor on the many safety-related aspects of these technologies. Many books are already available on these topics. Instead the detection principle of hydrogen sensors and other sensor types used, in the dynamic and rapidly developing field of hydrogen technologies, are treated in detail in this book. In the first chapter a brief overview is presented on basic hydrogen properties and particularly on those properties which are most relevant for safety and for sensing. To illustrate the extensive field of contemporary applications and the exciting possibilities for near future sensor applications, existing and emerging markets using large quantities of hydrogen are mentioned. The role of sensors as devices for monitoring and control of processes and as safety monitoring devices is outlined. The second chapter gives an introduction to sensing technology and provides the Reader with relevant information pertaining to sensor definitions and classification, sensor metrics, and performance arameters, in addition to background information on sensor preparation technologies and techniques. While there are many books available which provide more exhaustive information on each of these topics, e.g., the level of detail provided in this chapter is sufficient to appreciate the salient features of sensing and sensing Technology which are central to hydrogen safety and monitoring of relevant applications. Chapter 3 provides a comprehensive overview of emerging and commercially available hydrogen sensors, an explanation of their sensing principle, and important aspects of their performance. A comprehensive and up-to-date account of the theory (physical or chemical principles), design, and practical implementations of hydrogen sensors for use in hydrogen related applications is presented. Similar information on chemical sensors for other gases, such as oxygen and trace components, which are also highly important in hydrogen technologies because of potential hazards to human health, process safety or facility performance, is provided in Chapter 4. In Chapter 5 descriptions of physical sensors for temperature, pressure, gas flow, and fire indication, which are also germane for the safe use of hydrogen, are provided. Standards, codes, and regulatory documents, which provide practical advice and legislative requirements regarding sensor deployment and performance, are described in Chapter 6. This chapter also makes reference to the main procedures for sensor testing in gas Standards including precise analytical methods and reference methods. The chapter concludes with a discussion on sensor selection and some installation guidelines are provided. In Chapter 7 traditional and emerging processes and technologies involving hydrogen are described. The application of sensors in processes for the production of hydrogen, hydrogen storage, distribution, and the use of hydrogen in stationary and mobile fuel cells is discussed. Furthermore, the use of hydrogen as a coolant and chemical reagent (medium) in various processes is described. The exploitation of sensors for replacing traditional analytical instrumentation is also discussed. Finally supplementary information is provided on hydrogen properties, measuring quantities, and sensor parameters. KW - Hydrogen Technologies KW - Hydrogen Sensors KW - Gas Sensors, Safety KW - Process Control PY - 2016 SN - 978-1-4665-9654-2 SP - 1 EP - 414 PB - CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group CY - Boca Raton, Florida, USA AN - OPUS4-35507 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Sensors for Hydrogen Technologies T2 - 15th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors (IMCS) CY - Buenos Aires, Argentina DA - 2014-03-16 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-31067 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Boon-Brett, L. A1 - Palmisano, V. A1 - Frigo, G. A1 - Hellstrand, A. A1 - Kiesewetter, O. A1 - May, M. ED - Carcassi, M.N. T1 - Trends in gas sensor development for hydrogen safety N2 - Gas sensors are applied for facilitating the safe use of hydrogen in, for example, fuel cell and hydrogen fuelled vehicles. New sensor developments, aimed at meeting the increasingly stringent performance requirements in emerging applications are presented based on in-house technical developments and a literature study. The strategy of combining different detection principles, i.e. sensors based on electrochemical cells, semiconductors or field effects in combination with thermal conductivity sensor or catalytic combustion elements, in one new measuring system is reported. This extends the dynamic measuring range of the sensor while improving sensor reliability to achieve higher safety integrity through diverse redundancy. The application of new nanoscaled materials, nano wires, carbon tubes and graphene as well as the improvements in electronic components of fieldeffect, resistive-type and optical systems are evaluated in view of key operating parameters such as sensor response time, low energy consumption and low working temperature. T2 - ICHS2013 - 5th International conference on hydrogen safety CY - Brussels, Belgium DA - 09.09.2013 KW - Hydrogen KW - Safety KW - Sensors PY - 2013 SN - 978-2-9601366-0-9 SP - Paper 123, 1 EP - 14 AN - OPUS4-31079 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich ED - Carcassi, M.N. T1 - Response time of hydrogen sensors N2 - The efficiency of gas sensor application for facilitating the safe use of hydrogen depends to a considerable extent on the response time of the sensor to change in hydrogen concentration. The response and recovery times have been measured for five different hydrogen sensors, three commercially available and two promising prototypes which operate at room temperature. Experiments according to ISO 26142 show that most of the sensors surpass much for a concentration change from clean to hydrogen containing air the demands of the Standard for the response times t(90) and values of 2 to lös were estimated. For an opposite shift to clean air, the recovery times t(10) are from 7 to 70 s. Results of transient behaviour can be fitted with an exponential approach. It can be demonstrated that results on transient behaviour depend not only from investigation method, and the experimental conditions, like gas changing rate and concentration jump, as well as from operating Parameters of sensors. In comparison to commercial MOS and MIS-FET hydrogen sensors new sensor prototypes operating at room temperature possesses in particular longer recovery times. T2 - ICHS2013 - 5th International conference on hydrogen safety CY - Brussels, Belgium DA - 09.09.2013 KW - Hydrogen sensors KW - Time response PY - 2013 SN - 978-2-9601366-0-9 SP - Paper 124, 1 EP - 8 AN - OPUS4-31082 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bader, Mark Andreas A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Sichere Nutzung von Wasserstoff - H2Sense - Kostengünstige und zuverlässige Sensoren N2 - Zum Projektkonsortium H2Sense haben sich zusammengeschlossen: die ESAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung als Koordinator, das Joint Research Center der Europäischen Kommission, das Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg sowie die Unternehmen AppliedSensor, Reutlingen, UST Umweltsensortechnik, Geschwenda und Sensitron, Cornaredo, Italien. Das Projekt wird finanziell unterstützt durch das Fuel Cell and Flydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH JU), eine öffentlich-private Partnerschaft unter Beteiligung der Europäischen Kommission. Um den Austausch von Wissen, Erfahrungen und Know-how zu erweitern, arbeitet man erstmals bei einem FCFI-JU-geförderten Projekt auch mit dem amerikanischen National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) zusammen. KW - Wasserstoff KW - Wasserstofftechnologie KW - Wasserstoffsensor KW - Sicherheit PY - 2014 SN - 1862-393X VL - 14 IS - April SP - 35 EP - 37 PB - Hydrogeit Verlag CY - Kremmen AN - OPUS4-30608 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Erwamati, F. U. A1 - Pratapa, S. A1 - Suasmoro, S. A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Preparation and structural study of Mg1−xZnxTiO3 ceramics and their dielectric properties from 1 Hz to 7.7 GHz N2 - A series of Mg₁₋ₓZnₓTiO₃, x = 0–0.5 (MZT0–MZT0.5) ceramics was synthesised and characterised. The dielectric properties of the samples in the frequency range of 1 Hz – 7.7 GHz were explored using three different methods: a contacting electrode method, a parallel-plate method and a perturbed resonator method. The electrical properties in the space charge and dipolar polarisation frequency ranges are discussed in relation to the phase composition and microstructure data. Differences in the zinc Substitution divided the dielectrics into two groups, namely MZT0-MZT0.2 and MZT0.3–MZT0.5, each with different amount of a main Mg₁₋ₓZnₓTiO₃ solid solution phase and a secondary solid solution phase. Zinc substitution promoted the density of the ceramics, improved the purity of the main phase and increased the permittivity for frequencies up to 10⁸ Hz, but reduced the permittivity in the microwave range. In the MZT0.3–MZT0.5 samples, for frequencies less than 1 MHz the quality (Q x ƒ) factors were lower and log σ ₐ.c, the AC conductivity, was higher than for the MZT0–MZT0.2 samples. Above 10 MHz, the (Q x ƒ) factors and log σ ₐ.c of the two groups were similar. KW - Mg1-xZnxTiO3 KW - Space charge polarisation KW - Dipole polarisation KW - Microwave frequency KW - Dielectric properties PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4610-6 SN - 0957-4522 VL - 27 IS - 7 SP - 6637 EP - 6645 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht, Netherlands AN - OPUS4-36466 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Usmani, Shirin M. A1 - Plarre, Rüdiger A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Kemnitz, E. ED - Richter, K. ED - Van de Kulien, J.-W. T1 - Termite resistance of pine wood treated with nano metal fluorides N2 - Fluorides are well-known as wood preservatives. One of the limitations of fluoride-based wood preservatives is their high leachability. Alternative to current fluoride salts such as NaF used in wood protection are low water-soluble fluorides. However, impregnation of low water-soluble fluorides into wood poses a challenge. To address this challenge, low water-soluble fluorides like calcium fluoride (CaF2) and magnesium fluoride (MgF2) were synthesized as nanoparticles via the fluorolytic sol−gel synthesis and then impregnated into wood specimens. In this study, the toxicity of nano metal fluorides was assessed by termite mortality, mass loss and visual analysis of treated specimens after eight weeks of exposure to termites, Coptotermes formosanus. Nano metal fluorides with sol concentrations of 0.5 M and higher were found to be effective against termites resulting in 100% termite mortality and significantly inhibited termite feeding. Among the formulations tested, the least damage was found for specimens treated with combinations of CaF2 and MgF2 with an average mass loss less than 1% and visual rating of “1”. These results demonstrate the efficacy of low water-soluble nano metal fluorides to protect wood from termite attack. KW - Holzschutzmittel KW - Nanoparticles KW - Fluorides KW - Termites PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-514325 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-020-01522-z VL - 78 SP - 493 EP - 499 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-51432 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - H2Sense - Cost-effective and reliable Hydrogen Sensors for Facilitating the Safe Use of Hydrogen N2 - The H2SENSE (Cost-effective and reliable hydrogen sensors for facilitating the safe use of hydrogen) project promoted hydrogen primarily, but not exclusively, for its use as an alternative fuel. It brought together different stakeholders including sensor manufacturers, end-users, certification bodies and independent evaluators to ensure the optimum use of low-cost and reliable hydrogen sensors. Project partners analysed sensor performance in real-life applications in industrial environments and identified increased requirements for sensors and for regulations, codes and standards. H2SENSE also facilitated the safe use and implementation of hydrogen as an alternative fuel by ensuring the correct use of effective hydrogen detection devices. European scientists worked together with colleagues from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Colorado, USA. They pooled their knowledge of developments in hydrogen sensor technology as well as deployment and commercialisation strategies. These benefits will be continued through trans-Atlantic inter-laboratory sensor testing programmes in which EU and US laboratories perform complementary tests and exchange results. KW - Sensors KW - Hydrogen KW - Renewable energy PY - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-387484 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-38748 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ermawati, F. U. A1 - Supardi, Z. A. I. A1 - Suasmoro, S. A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Contribution of Relaxation Effect to the Permittivity of Mg1-xZnxTiO3 Ceramics N2 - This work reported the investigation on the effect of relaxation to the permittivity (epsilon' r ) characteristic of Mg1-x Zn x TiO3 ceramics for x = 0 – 0.5 (MZT0 – MZT0.5) measured from 1 Hz to 330 MHz. Within that frequency range, the relaxation effect that consists of the space charge (SC) and the dipolar (D) polarization mechanisms were identified. The contribution of the D relaxation in MZT0 – MZT0.2 systems extents overall from about 100 Hz to 330 MHz, while that in MZT0.3 – MZT0.5 systems is from 50 kHz to 330 MHz. The remaining frequencies, i.e. from 1 to 90 Hz for MZT0 – MZT0.2 and from 1 Hz to 50 kHz for MZT0.3 – MZT0.5, are attributed to the SC relaxation. The D polarization mechanism provides constant epsilon' r values which vary from (15.4 – 17.0) ± 0.3 throughout the samples. Contribution of the SC polarization mechanism to the characteristic is supported by the simultaneous presence of different content and level of resistivity of the secondary phase of (Mg1-αZnα)2TiO4 in MZT0 – MZT0.2 systems and of (Zn1-αMgα)2TiO4 in MZT0.3 – MZT0.5, along with the presence of the main Mg1-x Zn x TiO3 phase, as a result of the variation of zinc content in the systems. T2 - The 5th International Conference on Advanced Materials Sciences and Technology (ICAMST 2017) CY - Makassar, Indonesia DA - 19.09.2017 KW - Dielectric ceramic KW - dipolar polarization KW - Mg1-xZnxTiO3 KW - permittivity KW - space charge polarization PY - 2018 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/367/1/012003 SN - 1757-8981 VL - 367 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IOP Publishing Ltd AN - OPUS4-45618 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Boon-Brett, L. A1 - Palmisano, V. A1 - Bader, Mark Andreas T1 - Developments in gas sensor technology for hydrogen safety N2 - Gas sensors are applied for facilitating the safe use of hydrogen in, for example, fuel cell and hydrogen fuelled vehicles. New sensor developments, aimed at meeting the increasingly stringent performance requirements in emerging applications, are reviewed. The strategy of combining different detection principles, i.e. sensors based on electrochemical cells, semiconductors or field effects in combination with thermal conductivity sensing or catalytic combustion elements, in one new measuring system is reported. This extends the dynamic measuring range of the sensor while improving sensor reliability to achieve higher safety integrity through diverse redundancy. The application of new nanoscaled materials, nanowires, carbon tubes and graphene as well as the improvements in electronic components and optical elements are evaluated in view of key operating parameters such as measuring range, sensor response time and low working temperature. KW - Hydrogen sensor KW - Hydrogen safety PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.042 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 39 IS - 35 SP - 20474 EP - 20483 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-32379 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bader, Mark Andreas A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Hydrogen sensors for the safe and reliable use of hydrogen N2 - The use of hydrogen sensors can be categorized into three types of application: - Safety monitoring - Leak detection - Process control When applied in one of these areas hydrogen sensors fulfill the following tasks: - Indicate a hazardous condition - Provide warnings or alarms for out-of-limits conditions - Monitor and control System Operation - Provide performance data KW - Hydrogen sensor KW - Hydrogen safety PY - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing AN - OPUS4-31387 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Response Time of Hydrogen Sensores T2 - ICHS 2013, International Conference on Hydrogen Safety CY - Brussels, Belgium DA - 2013-09-09 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-30086 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Cost-effective and reliable hydrogen sensors for facilitating the safe use of hydrogen T2 - ICHS 2013- International Conference on Hydrogen Safety, Progress in safety of hydrogen technologies and infrastructure: enabling the transition to zero carbon energy CY - Brussels, Belgium DA - 2013-09-09 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-30087 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Detjens, Marc A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Spurenfeuchtemessung in unterschiedlichen Gasen mit coulometrischen Sensoren N2 - Die Messung der Gasfeuchte im Spurenbereich in unterschiedlichen technisch und medizinisch relevanten Gasen erfolgte mit Sensoren, die auf dem coulometrischen Messprinzip basieren. Die verwendeten planaren coulometrischen Sensoren wurden im Frostpunkttemperaturbereich von -70 °C bis -30 °C in synthetischer Luft, Wasserstoff, Stickstoff und Distickstoffmonoxid (Lachgas) untersucht. Als Referenz für die Messungen wurde ein Präzisionstaupunktspiegel-Hygrometer verwendet. Die Gasfeuchte kann mit Hilfe der Sensoren in allen untersuchten Gasen, aber mit geänderten Kalibrierfunktionen, mit einer erweiterten Unsicherheit von kleiner als 2,1 K bestimmt werden. Für die Messungen in unterschiedlichen Gasen muss also der Einfluss der Gasmatrix auf das Sensorsignal berücksichtigt werden. So ist zum Beispiel bei Messungen in befeuchtetem Wasserstoff, aufgrund von Rekombinationseffekten, ein signifikant geändertes Sensorsignal zu beobachten. T2 - Temperatur 2017 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 17.05.2017 KW - Spurenfeuchte KW - Coulometrische Sensoren KW - Technische Gase PY - 2017 SN - 978-3-944659-04-6 SP - 247 EP - 252 AN - OPUS4-40293 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Hydrogen sensor deployment N2 - Presentation of BAM test facility. Presentation of previous analysis of sensor performance in relation to application requirements and sensor data base. The main topics of sensor metrological, deployment and operational metrics were discussed. T2 - Hydrogen Sensor Workshop CY - Brussels, Belgium DA - 10.05.2017 KW - Hydrogen sensors KW - Sensor deployment PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-40270 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Gas sensors for technical safety and process control N2 - The presentation gives an overview on sensor principles and materials. Examples for sensor application in technical safety and process control were presented and the contribution of BAM in sensor testing, validation and standadization are discussed. T2 - Vortrag in der Abteilung Physik des ITS (Institute Technology Surabaya) CY - Surabaya, Indonesia DA - 29-08-2016 KW - Gas sensor KW - Safety KW - Process control PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-37358 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mahr, Muhammad Shabir ED - Klein, Lisa ED - Aparicio, Mario ED - Jitianu, Andrei T1 - Sol-Gel wood preservation N2 - The sol–gel-based modification of wood introduces chemical substances into wood in order to improve its characteristics and impart new properties. It stabilizes dimensions of wood (timber) components, increases its strength and resistance to water, and reduces cracking. Many sol–gel-based impregnations aim to protect against wood rot and fire. In most cases, the treatments are performed with alkoxysilanes, polysiloxanes, colloidal silica, or organically modified silica. In addition further substances such as titania, copper, and boron compounds have been applied on different types of wood. The precursor solutions were introduced by immersion, painting, or spray coating of wood followed by a drying and heat treatment process. The structure of the impregnated wood was investigated by SEM, EDX, TEM, FT-IR, NMR, and XRD. Frequently, test procedures according to standards were applied in order to assess the improvement in properties. Investigations demonstrate that silica and titania impregnations change properties first of all with increasing the amount of absorbed inorganic material (WPG), which is determined by the concentration of precursors, amount and size of particles in the sol, and the impregnation method. Sol–gel impregnation can be considered as an environmentally friendly approach of wood preservation. Various improvements in wood properties can be achieved such as reduced water uptake and volume swelling, improved weather stability, resistance against biodegradation, and fire retardancy. KW - Titania KW - Sol-Gel KW - Wood Protection KW - Silica PY - 2017 SN - 978-3-319-32099-1 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19454-7_106-2 SP - 1 EP - 48 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-41095 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Gas Sensors for Hydrogen Safety N2 - Sensors are of increasing importance in connection with the development and expanded use of hydrogen gas as a source of energy and as a chemical reactant. The detecting principles of the main commercial available used seven sensor principles were presented. The characteristic parameters of the sensors, like detectable concentration range, sensitivity, selectivity and time response were compared. Testing and validation of sensor performance in relation to standards and application in explosive atmospheres are described. T2 - 3rd European Summer School on Hydrogen Safety CY - Belfast, UK DA - 2008-07-21 PY - 2008 SP - 1 EP - 32 AN - OPUS4-18577 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Validation of sensors for the determination of humidity in compressed gases N2 - Five miniaturized sensors based on dew-point, capacitance or resistance measurement were tested for the detection of humidity in compressed gases. The dew-point sensors with optical or dielectric detection of condensation were used at gas pressures up to 3 MPa in dew-point range of -20 to 70°C and show no systematic deviation and an uncertainty of dew-point temperature mostly less than 1 K. The LiCl sensor has also a low uncertainty but exhibit a systematic deviation to higher values of dew-point. Capacitive polymer sensors can indicate also a dew-point, even down to -70 °C and have an uncertainty of about 1 to 2 K. The oxide sensor works in the dew-point range of -10 to 20°C and has a signal what exponential decreases with increasing gas pressure up to 10 MPa. All types of sensor can be applied in compressed gases at least up to 3 MPa, but their different change of sensor signal due to the gas pressure has to be considered. T2 - 5th International Symposium on Humidity and Moisture (ISHM 2006 Brazil) CY - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil DA - 2006-05-02 KW - Pressure dew-point KW - Humidity sensor KW - Validation PY - 2006 SN - 978-85-86920-04-2 IS - Paper 110 SP - 1 EP - 5 AN - OPUS4-18578 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Nofz, Marianne A1 - Brenneis, Rudolf A1 - Köcher, Peter A1 - Kley, Gerd T1 - Zn-K EXAFS investigations on ZnS/ZnO containing vitrified ashes from municipal incinerator facilities N2 - Zn-K transmission EXAFS measurements were performed on vitrified ashes from municipal waste incinerator facilities, which contain low amounts of Zn (up to 3 wt%) and sulphur (up to 0.5 wt%) in a ZnS phase. From the Fourier transform it can be concluded that the zinc ions are fourfold co-ordinated by oxygen or sulphur ions. The amount of zinc ions of sulphur environment, e.g. the concentration of ZnS, was determined by Fourier filtering and subsequent parameter fitting. A quantitative analysis of low ZnS concentrations up to 1 wt% has been performed for samples with a molar ratio Zn/S < 5. PY - 2001 DO - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011802202743 SN - 0022-2461 SN - 1573-4803 VL - 36 SP - 5017 EP - 5025 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V. CY - Norwell, Mass. AN - OPUS4-18579 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Svoboda, S. A1 - Oertel, B. T1 - Wear resistant alumina coatings produced by a sol-gel process N2 - Aluminium oxide films were prepared by a dip-coating procedure from solutions of hydrolysed aluminium-tri-sec-butoxide in methoxyethanol on austenitic steel as well as hard metal tools. The heat treatment was performed in an argon atmosphere or vacuum at temperatures up to 1100 °C. Characterisation of the coatings by SEM, showed nearly crack free coatings with a dense morphology which completely cover the substrate. The chemical composition of the coatings was investigated by ESCA, GD-OES and XRD measurements. This analysis detected a multi-layered arrangement of spinel phases, ?- and ?-alumina in the coatings. The scratch test showed sufficient adhesion of the coatings comparable to CVD layers. Pin-on-disc and oscillating sliding tests were carried out on sol–gel coated samples and also on uncovered reference samples. The determined wear rates and friction coefficients showed significant improvement in wear resistance of sol–gel coatings containing a corundum phase. The strong adhesion to the substrates is due to a layered assembly formation and gradient composition of the coating caused by an interdiffusion of metal cations and oxygen in the metal/oxide interface during heat treatment. KW - Oxide film formation KW - Film analysis KW - Wear resistance PY - 2006 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.11.014 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 201 IS - 1-2 SP - 487 EP - 491 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-18583 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Normen für die Multigassensorik - VDI-Richtlinie 3818 T2 - 5. Workshop Multigassensorik " Multigassensoren und Life Sciences" CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2008-12-04 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18551 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Hattermann, Hilke A1 - Griepentrog, Michael T1 - Sol-gel-derived nanocomposite coatings filled with inorganic fullerene-like WS2 N2 - Silica coatings filled with nanoscaled inorganic fullerene-like tungsten disulphide (IF-WS2) have been prepared through a sol–gel process on stainless steel substrates, and the structure and mechanical properties have been investigated. The precursor was prepared from a mixture of colloidal silica, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GLYMO), water and ethanol, adjusted to pH 4 with HNO3. In this solution WS2 is dispersed and in some cases immediately before coating ethylenediamine (ED) is added. The stainless steel substrates are dip-coated, dried in air and heat-treated in the temperature range of either 150–360 °C in air or up to 900 °C in vacuum. The solidification process is followed by differential thermal analysis (DTA). The resulting brown coloured coatings have a thickness of 1.5–4 µm. Scanning electron microscopy investigations (SEM) show that the WS2 nanoparticles are embedded as small aggregates in a hybrid silica matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements prove that most of the tungsten disulphide embedded in the matrix can be protected against oxidation even after curing the samples at temperatures up to 900 °C. Hardness and modulus of the hybrid silica films were measured through an instrumented indentation test. Increasing the temperature of the heat treatment yields an increase of hardness from 0.3 to 1 GPa and of modulus from 3 to 17 GPa. The amount of up to 10 wt.% WS2 in the coatings has no remarkable influence on hardness and modulus of the samples. KW - Nanocomposites KW - Tungsten disulphide KW - Sol-gel KW - Mechanical properties PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-009-1896-3 SN - 0928-0707 SN - 1573-4846 VL - 51 IS - 3 SP - 295 EP - 300 PB - Kluwer Academic Publ. CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-19713 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Artificial fruits - post harvest online monitoring of agricultural food by measuring humidity and temperature T2 - TEMPMEKO+ISHM 2010 (Joint International Symposium on Temperature, Humidity, Moisture and Thermal Measurements in Industry and Science) CY - Portorož, Slovenia DA - 2010-05-31 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21368 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lang, Cindy A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Quaas, H. A1 - Linke, M. T1 - On-line measurement of humidity in the agri-food chain KW - Sensor KW - Monitoring KW - Climatic conditions PY - 2010 SN - 978-90-66052-06-2 SN - 0567-7572 N1 - Serientitel: Acta Horticulturae – Series title: Acta Horticulturae VL - 858 SP - 413 EP - 417 AN - OPUS4-21490 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boon-Brett, L. A1 - Bousek, J. A1 - Black, G. A1 - Moretto, P. A1 - Castello, P. A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Identifiying performance gaps in hydrogen safety sensor technology for automotive and stationary applications N2 - A market survey has been performed of commercially available hydrogen safety sensors, resulting in a total sample size of 53 sensors from 21 manufacturers. The technical specifications, as provided by the manufacturer, have been collated and are displayed herein as a function of sensor working principle. These specifications comprise measuring range, response and recovery times, ambient temperature, pressure and relative humidity, power consumption and lifetime. These are then compared against known performance targets for both automotive and stationary applications in order to establish in how far current technology satisfies current requirements of sensor end users. Gaps in the performance of hydrogen sensing technologies are thus identified and areas recommended for future research and development. KW - Hydrogen sensor KW - Hydrogen detection KW - Safety KW - Sensor performance testing KW - Performance specifications KW - Performance targets PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.10.064 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 373 EP - 384 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-22893 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Sol-gel derived TiO2 wood-inorganic composites T2 - 5th International conference on SOL-GEL Materials CY - Trzebieszowice, Poland DA - 2008-06-01 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17675 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Inorganic fullerene filled silica coatings T2 - 5th International conference on SOL-GEL Materials CY - Trzebieszowice, Poland DA - 2008-06-01 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17676 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Reinecke, E.-A. A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Tkatschenko, I. A1 - Kessler, A. A1 - Kuznetsov, M. A1 - Wilkins, B. A. A1 - Hedley, D. A1 - Azkarate, I. A1 - Proust, C. A1 - Acosta-Iborra, B. A1 - Gavrikov, A. A1 - De Bruijn, P.C.J. A1 - Marangon, A. A1 - Teodorczyk, A. A1 - Grafwallner, F. T1 - Integration of experimental facilities: a joint effort for establishing a common knowledge base in experimental work on hydrogen safety T2 - 3rd International conference on hydrogen safety CY - Ajaccio, Corsica, France DA - 2009-09-16 PY - 2009 IS - ID 204 SP - 1 EP - 16 AN - OPUS4-20254 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Unger, Brita A1 - Bücker, Michael T1 - Sol-gel derived TiO2 wood composites N2 - The sol–gel process was applied to enhance properties of pine sapwood. For this purpose wood prisms were soaked in nanoscaled precursor solutions prepared from titanium(IV) n-butoxide and titanium(IV) iso-propoxide, respectively, using vacuum impregnation technique. The wet composites were cured by special program with final heat treatment at 103 °C. Weight percent gains (WPG) of the wood specimen in the range of 19-25% were obtained due to these procedures. SEM investigations show that precursor solutions penetrate into the whole wood body and the titania formed after heat treatment in the composites is deposited in the pores (lumen) and partly in the cell walls of the wooden matrix. The moisture sorption was investigated in long term tests for a period of some months by storage at 20-23 °C in humid air (relative humidity of 99%) and ambient atmosphere (relative humidity 40-60%), respectively. For untreated reference samples the moisture sorption results in increasing of mass and volume according to saturation values of 24 and 13%, respectively, after about 15 days. The incorporation of titania reduces the saturation values of the moisture sorption by up to 12% in mass and by up to 5% in volume at a relative humidity of 99%. Thus, an enhancement of the dimensional stability of about 60% is obtained at best. The results demonstrate that modification of wood with sol-gel derived precursors can enhance its dimensional stability, which prevents the formation of cracks. Because of that reduced moisture sorption biological attacks should be delimited. Additionally, thermal analyses show a retarded combustion of the wood matrix due to titania infiltration. KW - Titania KW - Sol-gel KW - Nanocomposites KW - Wood protection KW - Water sorption PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-009-2107-y SN - 0928-0707 SN - 1573-4846 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 384 EP - 389 PB - Kluwer Academic Publ. CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-20892 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinecke, E.-A. A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Tkatschenko, I. A1 - Kessler, A. A1 - Kuznetsov, M. A1 - Wilkins, M. A1 - Hedley, D. A1 - Azkarate, I. A1 - Proust, C. A1 - Acosta-Iborra, B. A1 - Gavrikov, B. A1 - De Bruijn, P.C.J. A1 - Marangon, A. A1 - Teodorczyk, A. A1 - Grafwallner, A. T1 - Integration of experimental facilities: a joint effort for establishing a common knowledge base in experimental work on hydrogen safety N2 - In the area of hydrogen safety, research facilities are essential for the experimental investigation of relevant phenomena, for testing devices and safety concepts, as well as for the generation of validation data for the various numerical codes and models. Within the framework of the European HySafe Network of Excellence (NoE), the 'Integration of Experimental Facilities (IEF)' activity has provided basic support for joint experimental work. Even beyond the funding period of the HySafe NoE in the 6th Framework Program, IEF represents a long-lasting effort for the sustainable integration of experimental research capacities and expertise of the partners from different research fields. In order to achieve a high standard in the quality of experimental data provided by the partners, emphasis was put on the know-how transfer between the partners. On the one hand, documentation on the experimental capacities was prepared and analyzed. On the other hand, a wiki-based communication platform was established, supported by biannual workshops covering topics ranging from measurement technologies to safety issues. Based on the partners' contributions, a working document was created on best practice including the joint experimental knowledge of all partners with regard to experimental set-ups and instrumentation. The paper gives an overview of the IEF partners and the network activities over the last five years. KW - Hydrogen safety KW - Experiments PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.04.162 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 36 IS - 3 SP - 2700 EP - 2710 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-23257 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Technical Standard for Multigassensors T2 - International Symposium on Olfraction and Electronic Nose, Isoen 2009 CY - Brescia, Italy DA - 2009-04-15 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19445 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich ED - Matteo Pardo, ED - Giorgio Sberveglieri, T1 - Technical standard for multigassensors T2 - 13th International symposium on olfaction and electronic nose CY - Brescia, Italy DA - 2009-04-15 KW - Electronic nose KW - Ion mobility spectrometer KW - Spice mixtures KW - Product adulteration KW - Multivariate data analysis KW - Multigassensor KW - Standardisation KW - Codes and Standards PY - 2009 SN - 978-0-7354-0674-2 N1 - Serientitel: AIP conference proceedings – Series title: AIP conference proceedings VL - 1137 SP - 515 EP - 516 AN - OPUS4-19571 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - "Künstliche Früchte" - Online-Monitoring des Feuchtigkeitsverlustes bei pflanzlichen Frischeprodukten T2 - AQUAMETRY 2010 & Feuchtetag 2010 CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 2010-10-05 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-22027 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lang, Cindy A1 - Hübert, Thomas ED - Gerlach, G. ED - Hauptmann, P. T1 - Sensoren zum Monitoring des Nachernteverhaltens pflanzlicher Frischeprodukte T2 - 9. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium CY - Dresden, Deutschland DA - 2009-12-07 PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-941298-44-6 N1 - Serientitel: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik – Series title: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik VL - 39 SP - 289 EP - 292 PB - TUDpress, Verlag der Wissenschaften GmbH AN - OPUS4-22166 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lang, Cindy A1 - Hübert, Thomas ED - Kupfer, K. ED - Wagner, N. ED - Wagner, R. ED - Bonitz, F. ED - Müller, B. ED - Hübner, C. T1 - "Künstliche Früchte" - Online-Monitoring des Feuchtigkeitsverlustes bei pflanzlichen Frischeprodukten T2 - Aquametry 2010 - 1st European conference on moisture measurement CY - Weimar, Deutschland DA - 2010-10-05 KW - Ausgleichsfeuchte KW - Wasseraktivität KW - Transpiration KW - Nachernteverhalten PY - 2010 SP - 333 EP - 339 AN - OPUS4-22167 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Prüf- und Analysentechniken für Microsystem-Kommponenten T2 - ZEMI-Tag CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-10-16 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-4330 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Qualitätsmanagement in der Feuchtemesstechnik T2 - VDI Seminar: Qualitätssicherung und Prozessoptimierung durch Feuchtbestimmung bei Trocknungsprozessen CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2003-11-27 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4331 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Einsatz von P2O5Sensoren für die Spurenfeuchtemessung T2 - 177. PTB-Seminar "Spurenfeuchtemessung in Gasen" CY - Braunschweig, Germany DA - 2003-05-06 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4332 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Precision Measurment of Complex Permittvity of Solid Dielectric Materials T2 - 2. Internationale Messe für Mess- und Prüftechnik (Test 2003) CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2003-05-13 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4333 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Sol-Gel-Schichten auf metallischen Werkstoffen T2 - OTTI-Profiforum "Sol-Gel-Verfahren in der modernen Beschichtungstechnik" CY - Regensburg, Germany DA - 2003-12-08 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4334 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Bauroth, F. A1 - Oertel, B. A1 - Svoboda, S. T1 - Aluminiumoxid-Sol/Gel-Schutzschichten auf Metallen PY - 1995 SN - 0173-9913 SN - 0196-6219 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 60 EP - 66 PB - Göller CY - Baden-Baden AN - OPUS4-5680 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Oertel, B. A1 - Heinze, D. ED - Kunzmann, H. T1 - Kapazitive Sensorsysteme zur Ermittlung prozeßnaher Größen (Temperatur und Feuchte) T2 - Abschlußkolloquium CY - Braunschweig, Deutschland DA - 1994-04-13 PY - 1994 SN - 3-89429-454-X SN - 0179-0609 N1 - Serientitel: PTB-Bericht: PTB-F – Series title: PTB-Bericht: PTB-F IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 11 CY - Braunschweig AN - OPUS4-5681 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Funktionelle Oberflächen, Glas-, Keramikschichten T2 - Workshop der AG Materiallabore CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1997-05-12 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-6599 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Nahordnungsstruktur von Ionen der Übergangselemente in Gläsern und dünnen amorphen Schichten T2 - Seminar der Fakultät Physik der Universität Rostock CY - Rostock, Germany DA - 2000-05-18 PY - 2000 AN - OPUS4-6578 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Kalibrierung von Spurenfeuchtemessgeräten T2 - Sensor´99 - Internationaler Kongress und Messe CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 1999-05-18 PY - 1999 AN - OPUS4-6579 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - The Local Order of V5+ Ions in Borate Glasses investigated by XAFS T2 - 3rd International Conference on Borate Glasses, Crystals & Melts CY - Sofia, Bulgaria DA - 1999-07-04 PY - 1999 AN - OPUS4-6582 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Nachvollziehbare und zuverlässige Mess- und Prüfergebnisse T2 - 3. Workshop der AG Materiallabore CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1999-06-21 PY - 1999 AN - OPUS4-6583 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - EXAFS und XANES an amorphen und kristallinen Materialien und Schichten T2 - BAMline, 1. Seminar zur Nutzung ds Wellenlängenschieber-Meßplatzes bei BESSY II CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1998-11-12 PY - 1998 AN - OPUS4-6585 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Nanostrukturierte Schichten über den Sol-Gel-Prozess für technische Anwendungen T2 - Workshop: Siemens ZTMF CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1998-12-02 PY - 1998 AN - OPUS4-6587 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Qualitätsmanagement für die Festkörperanalytik T2 - Workshop "Wissensbörse - Präparationstechnik und -analytik" der AG Materiallabore CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 19.02.1998 PY - 1998 AN - OPUS4-6591 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Gassensorik II - Prüfen und Kalibrieren von Feuchtesensoren T2 - Sensor´97 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 1997-05-13 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-6594 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Sol-Gel-Coatings on Metallic Materials T2 - NMIRI CY - Nagoya, Japan DA - 2004-11-22 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-6555 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Qualitätsmanagement in der Feuchtemesstechnik T2 - VDI Seminar: Qualitätssicherung und Prozessoptimierung durch Feuchtbestimmung bei Trocknungsprozessen CY - Düsseldorf, Germany DA - 2004-11-15 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-6556 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Thermal Degradation of Chromium Nitride Thin Films Investigated by DTA T2 - 8th International Conference On Plasma Surface Engineering (PSE) CY - Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany DA - 2002-09-09 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-6558 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Structure and Properties of Zinc Vanadate Glasses T2 - International Congress on Glass CY - Edinburgh, Scotland DA - 2001-07-01 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-6563 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Entwicklung von Spurenfeuchtesensoren T2 - SENSOR/TEST 2001 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2001-05-08 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-6566 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Validierung von Taupunkt-Sensoren T2 - SENSOR/TEST 2001 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2001-05-08 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-6568 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Qualitätssicherung in der Feuchtmesstechnik T2 - VDI Wissensforum Seminar 361701 CY - Düsseldorf, Germany DA - 2001-11-08 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-6570 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Thermal stability of TiN thin films investigated by DTA T2 - 7th International Conference On Plasma Surface Engineering CY - Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany DA - 2000-09-17 PY - 2000 AN - OPUS4-6574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Shimamura, Aki A1 - Klyszcz, Andreas T1 - Electrical Properties of Carbon Black and Ruthenium Dioxide Embedded Silica Films N2 - The electrical properties of sol–gel-derived films can be tailored by embedding conductive particles of ruthenium dioxide or carbon black in an insulating amorphous SiO2 silica matrix. The preparation process included an acid hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane. Then alcohol solutions of ruthenium chloride or carbon black were added. Films of filler concentration up to 60 vol.% were prepared by dip coating and then dried and heat-treated at various temperatures up to 600_°C. The D.C. resistance of the films can be varied within the range of 109 to 10–2 OHgr sdot cm. A non-linear dependence on filler composition in the films was observed for both systems, which is explained by a modified percolation theory. A percolation threshold of 5.5 vol.% for SiO2-RuO2 or 50 vol.% for SiO2-C films, whereby the resistance drastically decreases, was determined. Moreover the temperature dependency of resistance and the current-voltage characteristics of the films can also be explained by this geometric model. KW - Sol-gel KW - Thin films KW - Carbon black KW - Ruthenium dioxide KW - Percolation phenomena PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-004-5777-5 SN - 0928-0707 SN - 1573-4846 VL - 32 SP - 131 EP - 135 PB - Kluwer Academic Publ. CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-6909 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Banach, Ulrich A1 - Hübert, Thomas ED - Baselt, J. P. T1 - Kalibrierung von Halbleiter-Gassensoren T2 - 4. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium CY - Dresden, Deutschland DA - 1999-12-06 PY - 1999 SN - 3-933592-72-0 N1 - Serientitel: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik – Series title: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik IS - 12-4 SP - 103 EP - 106 PB - w.e.b.-Univ.-Verl. CY - Dresden AN - OPUS4-7030 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mosel, Günter T1 - Structure and properties of zinc vanadate glasses T2 - 19th International Congress on Glas (ICG) CY - Edinburgh, Scotland, UK DA - 2001-07-01 PY - 2001 SN - 0-900682-35-3 VL - 2 SP - 27 EP - 28 PB - Soc. of Glass Technology CY - Sheffield AN - OPUS4-7031 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Nofz, Marianne A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - O-K EXAFS studies of the local order of oxygen ions in crystalline and glassy materials PY - 1997 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 198 EP - 200 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-7032 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Nofz, Marianne A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Brenneis, Rudolf A1 - Köcher, Peter A1 - Kley, Gerd T1 - Zn-K EXAFS investigations on ZnO/ZnS-containing vitrified incinerator ashes PY - 1998 SP - 833 EP - 834 PB - Hamburger Synchrotonstrahlungslabor CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-7033 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Nofz, Marianne A1 - Lange, Dörte A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - The local environment of vanadium ions in glasses of the system ZnO-B2O3-V2O5 investigated by V-K EXAFS spectroscopy PY - 1996 SP - 749 EP - 750 PB - Hamburger Synchrotonstrahlungslabor CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-7034 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Nofz, Marianne A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - An EXAFS investigation of the local order of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in a silicate glass at low Fe concentrations PY - 1997 SP - 743 EP - 744 PB - Hamburger Synchrotonstrahlungslabor CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-7035 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Behrendt, Bodo A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung an Flachglas mit Ultraschall T2 - 71. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Bayreuth, Deutschland DA - 1997-05-26 PY - 1997 SP - 19 EP - 22 CY - Frankfurt/Main AN - OPUS4-7036 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Amorphous and Nanocrystalline SrTiO3 Thin Films T2 - VIIIth International Conference on the Physics of Non-Crystalt. Solids CY - Turku, Finland DA - 1995-06-28 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-6546 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Aluminiumoxid-Sol/Gel-Schutzschichten auf Metallen T2 - Symposium "Keramische Schichten" der DKG CY - Koblenz, Germany DA - 1995-11-08 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-6551 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Sol-Gel-derived RuO2-SiO2-Nanocomposites T2 - Topical Meeting of the European Ceramic Society "Nanoparticles, Nanostructures & Nanocomposites" CY - Saint Petersburg, Russia DA - 2004-07-05 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-6553 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Structural Investigations of lead and strontium borate glasses T2 - 2nd Intern. Conference on Borate Glasses, Crystals & Melts CY - Abingdon, England DA - 1996-07-22 PY - 1996 AN - OPUS4-6674 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Thermische Zersetzung von Sr2Ti5O12 T2 - 8. GDCh-Vortragstagung "Phasenumwandlungen in Festkörpern" CY - Darmstadt, Germany DA - 1996-03-20 PY - 1996 AN - OPUS4-6676 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Qualitätsmanagement für die Validierung Dünnschichtsensoren T2 - Institut für Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik der Universität der BW München CY - Munich, Germany DA - 1996-10-16 PY - 1996 AN - OPUS4-6677 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Shimamura, Aki A1 - Klyszcz, Andreas T1 - Carbon-silica sol-gel derived nanomaterials N2 - The preparation of sol-gel derived silica-based nanomaterials containing electrical conductive carbon fillers in an extensive composition range is described and their electrical properties are presented. Nanomaterials of carbon filler concentrations up to 60% (v/v) were obtained by dip coating or screen-printing from precursors of hydrolysed alkoxysilanes. Nanostructured morphology could be identified to consist of homogeneously dispersed carbon black particles or carbon fibres of 30 to 500 nm in size in a modified silica matrix. The electrical resistivity of the films changes drastically from 1010 to 10?1 O?cm, according to the amount of dispersed conductive particles. A threshold between 5 and 50% (v/v), at which the resistance abruptly decreases, was determined. A geometrical model related to percolation theory explains this non-linear dependence on the filler composition in the materials. Moreover the temperature dependence of resistance and the current-voltage characteristics of the nanomaterials can also be illustrated using this geometric model. KW - Sol-gel KW - Nanomaterials KW - Carbon black KW - Electrical resitivity KW - Percolation PY - 2005 UR - http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.123.3004&rep=rep1&type=pdf SN - 0137-1339 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 61 EP - 68 PB - Technical Univ. Press CY - Wroclaw AN - OPUS4-7362 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Banach, Ulrich A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Krüger, U. T1 - Practical Applications of Electronic Noses T2 - 12th International Conference "Sensor 2005", CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2005-05-10 KW - Electronic Noses KW - Sensor-Array KW - Application KW - Surveillance KW - Environment PY - 2005 VL - II SP - P5.5-211-P5.5-215 PB - AMA Service GmbH CY - Wunstorf AN - OPUS4-7574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Testing and Calibration of Hydrogen Sensors T2 - 1st IEF Workshop - H2 concentration measurements Techniques, areas of application, limitations CY - Pfinztal, Germany DA - 2005-06-05 KW - Sensors KW - Hydrogen KW - Calibration KW - Testing PY - 2005 SP - 32 pages PB - Forschungszentrum Jülich CY - Jülich AN - OPUS4-10896 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lippitz, Andreas A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - XPS investigations of chromium nitride thin films N2 - Cr–N film coatings were prepared by magnetron sputter deposition at different nitrogen partial pressures. The film characterisation by XRD and DTG gives average bulk compositions of Cr2N and CrN for the coatings. Highly sensitive XPS investigations were performed and the chemical and phase compositions of a film surface range of about 10 nm thickness was estimated quantitatively from the deconvoluted peak intensities. It is demonstrated that the composition of the surface of chromium nitride thin films differs from the core and is more complex in constitution. Not only chromium nitrides (Cr2N and CrN) but also chromium oxynitrides and chromium oxides (CrOx and CrOxHy) were detected. Metallic chromium was also found in films prepared at higher nitrogen flow. The concentration of the estimated phases shows dependence on film preparation and additional heat treatment. KW - XPS KW - ESCA KW - Physical vapour deposition (PVD) KW - CrN thin films PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.02.091 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 200 IS - 1-4 SP - 250 EP - 253 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-10865 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Quality Assurance in Development and Application of New Analytical Methods T2 - ATB COST Workshop "Non-Destructive Sensing of Health-Promoting Compounds" CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 2005-12-07 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-10938 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Residual Stress in Alumina Sol-Gel Hard Coatings T2 - 13th International Workshop on Sol-Gel Science and Technology CY - Los Angeles, CA, USA DA - 2005-08-21 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-10940 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Qualitätssicherung in der Feuchtemesstechnik T2 - VDI Wissensforum Seminar 361705 "Feuchtbestimmung bei industriellen Prozessen" CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2005-11-17 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-10943 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mosel, G. T1 - XAFS studies on the structure of zinc vanadate glasses T2 - XIX International Congress on Glass CY - Edinburgh, Scotland, UK DA - 2001-07-01 PY - 2002 SN - 0031-9090 VL - 43C SP - 19 EP - 24 PB - Thornton CY - Sheffield AN - OPUS4-3768 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Nofz, Marianne T1 - Local order of V5+Ions in borate glasses investigated by EXAFS N2 - Glasses in the systems Li2O–B2O3–V2O5 and ZnO–B2O3–V2O5 as well as crystalline reference substances were investigated by V-K-EXAFS. The glasses have a high modifier content ([Li2O, ZnO]/[B2O3] ratio>1) and contain 10–50 mol% V2O5. The V–O interatomic distance, coordination number and Debye–Waller factor were determined from the analysis of the measured absorption spectra. In the glasses investigated (and in binary lithium or zinc vanadate glasses too) VO4 tetrahedra are the predominant coordination polyhedra for the vanadium ions. The symmetry of the tetrahedra is more or less distorted in comparison to crystalline substances. The VO4 tetrahedra can be either directly connected to each other or incorporated into borate BO3/BO4 groupings. Structural elements which are comparable to those in crystalline substances can be discussed. In glasses of the metaborate composition, vanadium can be incorporated in chain or ring [BØ2O-]n metaborate groupings. With increasing V2O5 content the vanadium ions can extensively replace boron ions and form distorted tetrahedra in VØ2O2- metavanadate groups. In glasses of high modifier content and low vanadium amount the vanadium ions create nearly regular tetrahedra of isolated VO43- ortho- or V2ØO64- pyrovanadate groups in the presence of B2ØO44- pyroborate, BO33- orthoborate and BØ4- groups. T2 - Third International Conference on borate Glasses, Crystals and Melts CY - Sofia, Bulgaria DA - 1999-07-04 PY - 2000 UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/sgt/pcg/2000/00000041/00000005/4105300 SN - 0031-9090 VL - 41 IS - 5 SP - 300 EP - 303 PB - Thornton CY - Sheffield AN - OPUS4-3769 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich T1 - Glaskeramische Tieftemperatursensoren T2 - Tagung Temperatur '98 CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 1998-02-16 PY - 1998 SN - 3-18-091379-7 SN - 0083-5560 N1 - Serientitel: VDI-Berichte – Series title: VDI-Berichte IS - 1379 SP - 151 EP - 156 PB - VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-3770 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Harder, Ulrike A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Witke, Klaus ED - Wright, A. ED - Feller, S. ED - Hannon, A. T1 - Structural investigations of lead and strontium borate glasses T2 - Second International Conference on Borates Glasses, Crystals and Melt CY - Abingdon, England DA - 1996-07-22 KW - Glasherstellung KW - Borate PY - 1996 SN - 0-900682-23-X SP - 156 EP - 163 PB - Society of Glass Technology CY - Sheffield AN - OPUS4-3771 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mosel, Günter T1 - Untersuchung der Nahordnung der V5+Ionen in Gläsern des Systems ZnO-B2O3-V2O5 durch Analyse des Vorkantenpeaks im V-K-XANES-Spektrum T2 - 73. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Halle (Saale), Deutschland DA - 1999-05-31 PY - 1999 SP - 22 EP - 25 CY - Frankfurt/Main AN - OPUS4-3772 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Nofz, Marianne T1 - Anwendung der Röntgenabsorptionsspektroskopie (XAFS) in der Glasstrukturforschung T2 - 71. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Bayreuth, Deutschland DA - 1997-05-26 PY - 1997 SP - 77 EP - 80 CY - Frankfurt/Main AN - OPUS4-3773 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Peplinski, Burkhard A1 - Willfahrt, Manfred A1 - Banach, Ulrich ED - Cernik, R. T1 - X-Ray Powder Diffraction Investigation of the Metastable Phase Sr2Ti5O12 Occuring in Hi-Tech Glass Ceramics T2 - 4th European Powder Diffraction Conference CY - Chester, England, UK DA - 1995-07-10 PY - 1996 SN - 0-87849-744-7 SN - 0255-5476 SP - 531 EP - 536 PB - Trans Tech Publ. CY - Zuerich-Uetikon AN - OPUS4-3774 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Willfahrt, Manfred A1 - Witke, Klaus A1 - Reich, Peter T1 - Low Frequency Raman Investigations of Lead Borate and Lead Alumino Borate Glasses PY - 1995 SN - 0022-2860 SN - 1872-8014 SN - 0377-046X VL - 349 SP - 373 EP - 376 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-3776 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Schuffenhauer, W. A1 - Wernecke, R. T1 - Self-Monitoring and Self-Regenerating System for On-line Measuring of Moisture Traces in Chemical Process Gases PY - 2002 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4125(200205)25:5<492::AID-CEAT492>3.0.CO;2-L SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 25 IS - 5 SP - 492 EP - 494 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-3777 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Witke, Klaus T1 - Strukturelemente in Borovanadat-Gläsern N2 - Es wurden Gläser im System Li2O-B2O3-V2O5 und ZnO-B2O3-V2O5 wie auch kristalline Referenzmaterialien mit Hilfe der Röntgenabsorptions- (V-K-EXAFS, -XANES) und der RAMAN-Spektroskopie untersucht. Zur Diskussion der Ergebnisse wird angenommen, dass in den Gläsern in Abhängigkeit von der chemischen Zusammensetzung diskrete Sauerstoffkoordinationspolyeder der Kationen in unterschiedlicher Verknüpfung vorliegen. 1. Die Gläser enthalten vor allem BO3- bzw. BO4- sowie VO4-Polyeder. 2. Die VO4-Tetraeder besitzen abhängig von der Glaszusammensetzung eine unterschiedliche Verzerrung. Sie verknüpfen sich zu Struktureinheiten ähnlich denen der kristallinen Vanadate oder sie werden in Boratstrukturen eingebaut. 3. In Gläsern mit einem hohen Netzwerkwandler-Gehalt und geringer Vanadiumoxid-Konzentration treten reguläre Tetraeder von isolierten Ortho- oder Pyrovanadat-Gruppen in Gegenwart von Pyroborat-, Orthoborat- und BO4-Gruppen auf. Mit steigendem V2O5-Gehalt werden zunehmend verzerrte Tetraeder gebildet, die sich z. B. zu Metavanadat-Gruppen verknüpfen oder in Metaborat-Baugruppen eingebaut werden. T2 - Frühjahrstagung des Arbeitskreises Festkörperphysik bei der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft (DPG) 2002 CY - Regensburg, Deutschland DA - 2000-03-27 PY - 2000 UR - http://old.dpg-tagungen.de/archive/2000/df_6.html SN - 0420-0195 SN - 0372-5448 SN - 0343-9216 IS - DF 6.4 SP - 412 EP - 413 CY - Bad Honnef AN - OPUS4-3778 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shimamura, Aki A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Thust, H. T1 - Characterization of sol-gel derived glass composite thin films N2 - A comprehensive analysis of composition and structure is essential for the development of new materials with tailored properties. We will demonstrate the application of SEM, XPS and XRD for the development of thin films containing nano-scaled electrical conductive particles for application in hybrid resistors. The films were prepared using the sol-gel process and precursor solutions were synthesized from an acid hydrolysis of a mixture of TEOS, water and ethanol. Alcoholic solutions of ruthenium chloride were then allocated to obtain up to 30 vol% filler in the films. The films were precipitated by dip-coating on silicon, silica or glass sheets and heat treated at up to 600°C in air or nitrogen atmospheres. A nano-structured morphology could be identified consisting of homogeneously dispersed crystalline RuO2 particles of 10 to 180 nm in size, in an amorphous SiO2 matrix. Film morphology can be varied using the synthesis process. The resistivity of the films was measured by an I-V measurement system. It changes drastically from 109·cm to 10-2·cm according to the amount of dispersed conductive particles. The results show that composition-structure-property relations can be described by use of sophisticated analytical methods. T2 - 10th European Conference on Applications of Surface and Interface Analysis (ECASIA '03) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2003-10-05 KW - Sol-gel KW - Thin film KW - Nano-structure KW - Electrical resistivity KW - RuO2 PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.1877 SN - 0142-2421 SN - 1096-9918 VL - 36 IS - 8 SP - 1207 EP - 1209 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester AN - OPUS4-4753 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Willfahrt, Manfred A1 - Banach, Ulrich A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - An extended X-ray absorption fine structure investigation on the local environment of niobium ions in Nb2O5-doped SrTiO3 glass ceramics PY - 1997 SN - 0022-2461 SN - 1573-4803 VL - 32 SP - 1591 EP - 1597 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V. CY - Norwell, Mass. AN - OPUS4-2045 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Banach, Ulrich A1 - Hübert, Thomas ED - Baselt, J. P. T1 - Kalibrierung von Sensoren zur Alkohol-Detektion T2 - 4. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium CY - Dresden, Deutschland DA - 1999-12-06 PY - 2000 SN - 3-933592-72-0 N1 - Serientitel: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik – Series title: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik IS - 12-4 SP - 111 EP - 114 PB - w.e.b.-Univ.-Verl. CY - Dresden AN - OPUS4-2046 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Banach, Ulrich A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Kiesewetter, O. T1 - Prüfung und Anwendung von Halbleiter-Gassensoren für den Einsatz in der Umweltmeßtechnik T2 - Internationales Kolloquium CY - --- DA - 1999-04-27 PY - 1999 SN - 3-18-091443-2 SN - 0083-5560 N1 - Serientitel: VDI-Berichte – Series title: VDI-Berichte IS - 1443 SP - 573 EP - 585 PB - VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-2047 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Schuffenhauer, W. A1 - Wernecke, R. T1 - Selbstüberwachendes und -regenerierendes System zur Online-Spurenfeuchtemessung in chemischen Prozessgasen PY - 2000 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2640(200011)72:11<1376::AID-CITE1376>3.0.CO;2-C SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 72 IS - 11 SP - 1380 EP - 1382 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-2048 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Mosel, Günter A1 - Witke, Klaus T1 - Structural Elements in Borovanadate Glasses N2 - The structure of glasses in the Li2O–B2O3–V2O5and ZnO–B2O3–V2O5systems of a high modifier content ([Li2O, ZnO]/[B2O3] ratio > 1) and 10 to 50 mol % V2O5are investigated by V-KEXAFS and Raman spectroscopy. In the glasses investigated, VO4tetrahedra are the predominant coordination polyhedra for the vanadium ions. The symmetry of the tetrahedra is more or less distorted in comparison with crystalline substances. The VO4tetrahedra can be either directly connected to each other or incorporated into the borate groupings of the BO3and BO4units. An increase in the vanadium content in the glasses reduces the interconnection of structural units and, therefore, the glass transition and crystallization temperatures. T2 - International Conference "Thermodynamics and Chemical Structure of melts and Glasses" CY - St. Petersburg, Russia DA - 1999-09-07 PY - 2001 DO - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011376225695 SN - 1087-6596 SN - 1608-313X VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 114 EP - 120 PB - Pleiades Publ. CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-2049 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Polyakova, Irina A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Thermal stability of TiN thin films investigated by DTG/DTA N2 - The paper demonstrates the scope of the differential thermal analysis coupled with the thermal gravimetry as an express method for estimation of thin film protecting ability and oxidation kinetics. Oxidation of an iron foil protected by the PVD titanium nitride thin film coating was investigated as well as non-isothermal oxidation of PVD thin films of TiN (two types of the preparation procedure), (Ti,Nb)N and (Ti,Al)N isolated from a substrate by dissolving them in an acid. Additions of aluminium and niobium are expected to improve chemical, thermal and biomedical properties of thin films for their technical application. It was established that the addition of niobium decreases, whereas the addition of aluminium not only increases the thermal stability of TiN coatings, but also changes the oxidation mechanism. It was demonstrated that the TiN film oxidation is a many-staged process depending on the heating rate. An opportunity of a quite formal treatment for getting Kissinger's estimation of kinetics parameters of different oxidation stages is also demonstrated. PY - 2001 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01042-8 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 141 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-2050 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübert, Thomas A1 - Banach, Ulrich ED - Baselt, J. P. T1 - Validierung von Drucktaupunkt-Sensoren PY - 2002 SN - 3-935712-71-5 N1 - Serientitel: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik – Series title: Dresdner Beiträge zur Sensorik IS - 16 SP - 201 EP - 204 PB - w.e.b. Universitätsverlag CY - Dresden AN - OPUS4-2051 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Behrendt, Bodo A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung an Flachglas mit Ultraschall PY - 1997 SN - 0948-5112 VL - 58 SP - 51 EP - 52 PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2052 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -