TY - JOUR A1 - Anzt, H. A1 - Bach, F. A1 - Druskat, S. A1 - Löffler, F. A1 - Loewe, A. A1 - Renard, B. Y. A1 - Seemann, G. A1 - Struck, A. A1 - Achhammer, E. A1 - Aggarwal, P. A1 - Appel, F. A1 - Bader, M. A1 - Brusch, L. A1 - Busse, C. A1 - Chourdakis, G. A1 - Dabrowski, P. W. A1 - Ebert, P. A1 - Flemisch, B. A1 - Friedl, S. A1 - Fritzsch, B. A1 - Funk, M. D. A1 - Gast, V. A1 - Goth, F. A1 - Grad, J. A1 - Hegewald, J. A1 - Hermann, S. A1 - Hohmann, F. A1 - Janosch, S. A1 - Kutra, D. A1 - Linxweiler, J. A1 - Muth, Thilo A1 - Peters-Kottig, W. A1 - Rack, F. A1 - Raters, F. H. C. A1 - Rave, S. A1 - Reina, G. A1 - Reißig, M. A1 - Ropinski, T. A1 - Schaarschmidt, J. A1 - Seibold, H. A1 - Thiele, J. P. A1 - Uekermann, B. A1 - Unger, S. A1 - Weeber, R. T1 - An environment for sustainable research software in Germany and beyond: current state, open challenges, and call for action N2 - Research software has become a central asset in academic research. It optimizes existing and enables new research methods, implements and embeds research knowledge, and constitutes an essential research product in itself. Research software must be sustainable in order to understand, replicate, reproduce, and build upon existing research or conduct new research effectively. In other words, software must be available, discoverable, usable, and adaptable to new needs, both now and in the future. Research software therefore requires an environment that supports sustainability. Hence, a change is needed in the way research software development and maintenance are currently motivated, incentivized, funded, structurally and infrastructurally supported, and legally treated. Failing to do so will threaten the quality and validity of research. In this paper, we identify challenges for research software sustainability in Germany and beyond, in terms of motivation, selection, research software engineering personnel, funding, infrastructure, and legal aspects. Besides researchers, we specifically address political and academic decision-makers to increase awareness of the importance and needs of sustainable research software practices. In particular, we recommend strategies and measures to create an environment for sustainable research software, with the ultimate goal to ensure that software-driven research is valid, reproducible and sustainable, and that software is recognized as a first class citizen in research. This paper is the outcome of two workshops run in Germany in 2019, at deRSE19 - the first International Conference of Research Software Engineers in Germany - and a dedicated DFG-supported follow-up workshop in Berlin. KW - Research Software KW - Sustainable Software Development KW - Academic Software KW - Software Infrastructure KW - Software Training KW - Software Licensing PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-522029 DO - https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.23224.2 VL - 9 SP - 1 EP - 35 AN - OPUS4-52202 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ghazanfari, M. R. A1 - Vittadello, L. A1 - Al-Sabbagh, Dominik A1 - Santhosh, A. A1 - Frankcom, C. A1 - Fuß, F. A1 - von Randow, C. A. A1 - Siemensmeyer, K. A1 - Vrijmoed, J. C. A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Jerabek, P. A1 - Irmlau, M. A1 - Thiele, G. T1 - Remarkable Infrared Nonlinear Optical, Dielectric, and Strong Diamagnetic Characteristics of Semiconducting K3[BiS3] N2 - The ternary sulfido bismuthate K3[BiS3] is synthesized in quantitative yields. The material exhibits nonlinear optical properties with strong second harmonic generation properties at arbitrary wavelengths in the infrared spectral range and a notable laser-induced damage threshold of 5.22 GW cm−2 for pulsed laser radiation at a wavelength of 1040 nm, a pulse duration of 180 fs, and a repetition rate of 12.5 kHz. K3[BiS3] indicates semiconductivity with a direct optical band gap of 2.51 eV. Dielectric and impedance characterizations demonstrate κ values in the range of 6−13 at 1 kHz and a high electrical resistivity. A strong diamagnetic behavior with a susceptibility of −2.73 × 10−4 m3 kg−1 at room temperature is observed. These results suggest it is a promising nonlinear optical candidate for the infrared region. The synergic physical characteristics of K3[BiS3] provide insight into the correlation of optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. KW - Electrical properties KW - Insulators KW - Materials KW - Nonlinear optics KW - Quantum mechanics PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01689 VL - 13 IS - 30 SP - 6987 EP - 6993 PB - ACS Publications AN - OPUS4-55456 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liehr, Sascha A1 - Lenke, Philipp A1 - Krebber, Katerina A1 - Seeger, M. A1 - Thiele, E. A1 - Metschies, H. A1 - Gebreselassie, B. A1 - Münich, J.C. A1 - Stempniewski, L. ED - Francis Berghmans, ED - Mignani, Anna Grazia ED - Cutolo, Antonello ED - Patrick P. Meyrueis, ED - Thomas P. Pearsall, T1 - Distributed strain measurement with polymer optical fibers integrated into multifunctional geotextiles N2 - Fiber optic sensors based on polymer optical fibers (POF) have the advantage of being very elastic and robust at the same time. Unlike silica fibers, standard PMMA POF fibers can be strained to more than 40% while fully maintaining their light guiding properties. We investigated POF as a distributed strain sensor by analysing the backscatter increase at the strained section using the optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) technique. This sensing ability together with its high robustness and break-down strain makes POF well-suited for integration into technical textiles for structural health monitoring purposes. Within the European research project POLYTECT (Polyfunctional textiles against natural hazards) technical textiles with integrated POF sensors, among others sensors are being developed for online structural health monitoring of geotechnical structures. Mechanical deformation in slopes, dams, dikes, embankments and retrofitted masonry structures is to be detected before critical damage occurs. In this paper we present the POF strain sensor properties, reactions to disturbing influences as temperature and bends as well as the results of the different model tests we conducted within POLYTECT. We further show the potential of perfluorinated graded-index POF for distributed strain sensing with increased spatial resolution and measurement lengths. T2 - Optical Sensors 2008 CY - Strasbourg, France DA - 2008-04-07 KW - Fiber optic sensors KW - OTDR KW - Polymer optical fibers (POF) KW - POF sensors KW - Distributed sensor KW - Strain sensor KW - Geotextiles KW - Structural health monitoring PY - 2008 SN - 978-0-8194-7201-4 DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.780508 SN - 0277-786X N1 - Serientitel: Proceedings of SPIE – Series title: Proceedings of SPIE VL - 7003 IS - 7003 SP - 700302-1 - 700302-15 PB - SPIE CY - Bellingham AN - OPUS4-17951 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenke, Philipp A1 - Krebber, Katerina A1 - Muthig, M. A1 - Weigand, F. A1 - Thiele, E. ED - W. Ostachowicz, ED - J. Holnicki-Szulc, ED - C. Mota Soares, T1 - Distributed strain measurement using polymer optical fiber integrated in technical textile to detect displacement of soil N2 - Sensing characteristics of polymer optical fibers (POF) are studied using the optical time-domain reflectometry technique. For the first time to our knowledge, investigations are carried out with respect to integration of POF in technical textiles for distributed measurement of mechanical deformation. The research on this new sensor type focuses on its application in monitoring of geotechnical structures such as railway embankments, dikes, slopes and dams. We report on a distributed sensor system using POF integrated in technical textiles as sensing elements for measurement of displacement of soil. This sensor system is very robust – it withstands the integration under rough condition at a construction site – and can detect strain of more than 40 % over distances of more than 100 meters. T2 - 3. ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Smart Structures and Materials CY - Gdansk, Poland DA - 2007-07-09 KW - OTDR KW - Strain sensor KW - Distributed sensing KW - Fiber optic sensor KW - POF sensor KW - Technical textile KW - Geotextile PY - 2007 SN - 978-83-88237-03-4 IS - Paper 03 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery CY - Gda´nsk AN - OPUS4-16437 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jaeger, Carsten A1 - Ritter, D. A1 - Goeritzer, M. A1 - Thiele, A. A1 - Blumrich, A. A1 - Beyhoff, N. A1 - Luettges, K. A1 - Smeir, E. A1 - Kasch, J. A1 - Grune, J. A1 - Müller, O. A1 - Klopfleisch, R. A1 - Foryst-Ludwig, A. A1 - Kintscher, U. T1 - Liver X Receptor Agonist AZ876 Induces Beneficial Endogenous Cardiac Lipid Reprogramming and Protects Against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Damage N2 - Background - It is known that dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids may improve cardiac function. However, relatively high daily doses are required to achieve sufficient cardiac concentrations of beneficial omega‐3 fatty acids. The liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear hormone receptor and a crucial regulator of lipid homeostasis in mammals. LXR activation has been shown to endogenously reprogram cellular lipid profiles toward increased polyunsaturated fatty acids levels. Here we studied whether LXR lipid reprogramming occurs in cardiac tissue and exerts cardioprotective actions. Methods and Results - Male 129SV mice were treated with the LXR agonist AZ876 (20 µmol/kg per day) for 11 days. From day 6, the mice were injected with the nonselective β‐agonist isoproterenol for 4 consecutive days to induce diastolic dysfunction and subendocardial fibrosis while maintaining systolic function. Treatment with isoproterenol led to a marked impairment of global longitudinal strain and the E/e' ratio of transmitral flow to mitral annular velocity, which were both significantly improved by the LXR agonist. Histological examination showed a significant reduction in isoproterenol‐induced subendocardial fibrosis by AZ876. Analysis of the cardiac lipid composition by liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry revealed a significant increase in cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acids levels and a significant reduction in saturated fatty acids by AZ876. Conclusions - The present study provides evidence that the LXR agonist AZ876 prevents subendocardial damage, improves global longitudinal strain and E/e' in a mouse model of isoproterenol‐induced cardiac damage, accompanied by an upregulation of cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acids levels. Cardiac LXR activation and beneficial endogenous cardiac lipid reprogramming may provide a new therapeutic strategy in cardiac disease with diastolic dysfunction. KW - Heart failure KW - Lipids KW - Liver X receptor KW - Diastolic dysfunction KW - Nuclear receptor PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-529352 DO - https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.019473 VL - 10 IS - 14 SP - e019473 AN - OPUS4-52935 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Singh, Chandan A1 - Thiele, M. A1 - Dathe, A. A1 - Thamm, S. A1 - Henkel, T. A1 - Sumana, G. A1 - Fritzsche, W. A1 - Czáki, A. ED - Singh, Chandan T1 - Tri-sodium citrate stabilized gold nanocubes for plasmonic glucose sensing N2 - We report a two-step process for the immobilization of gold nanocubes (Au-NCs) on a glass surface using a combination of extraction and exchange reaction using poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and trisodium citrate (TSC). Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) stabilized gold nanocubes (CTAC/Au-NCs) synthesized by a microfluidic synthesis procedure were successfully deposited on silane-modified glass substrate after extraction of excess CTAC using chloroform followed by exchange of CTAC to TSC on the surface of Au-NCs. Further, TSC/Au-NCs were found to be highly stable and suitable for microfluidic sensing of different glucose concentrations using localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectroscopy offering an improved sensitivity (126.37 nm/RIU). KW - Gold nanocubes KW - Surfactant KW - Immobilization PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130655 SN - 0167-577X SN - 1873-4979 VL - 304 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-53216 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stengel, Dominik A1 - Mehdianpour, Milad A1 - Clobes, M. A1 - Thiele, K. ED - Cunha, A. ED - Caetano, E. ED - Ribeiro, P. ED - Müller, G. T1 - Numerical simulation of an overhead power line section under wind excitation using wind tunnel test results and in-situ measured data N2 - Overhead transmission lines are very sensitive structures in regards to wind action. The cables, spanning over a few hundred meters contribute in particular to the overall action on the suspension towers. These slender structures incorporate both structural nonlinearities from the large deformation of the cables and aerodynamic nonlinearities which need to be accounted for when it is to estimate the system response to strong wind events. In this work, a finite element procedure is presented to model an existing power line section using nonlinear cable elements. The wind force is assumed quasi-steady with force coefficients determined in wind tunnel test on a conductor section. Further, aerodynamic damping is incorporated by considering the relative velocity between cable nodes and oncoming wind flow. The results are compared with on-site measurements of the cable’s support reaction. The results show a significant effect of damping since almost no resonant amplification is visible both in observation and simulation. In addition, wind tunnel tests approved aerodynamic damping to be large for the system of sagging cables, but nonlinear in its nature. It is concluded, that the dynamic response of overhead transmission line cables has to be modeled with care, considering all sources of nonlinearities. That is of particular interest in case of random excitation such as wind because the peak response depends on the probability distribution of the system's response. T2 - EURODYN 2014 - 9th International conference on structural dynamics CY - Porto, Portugal DA - 2014-06-30 KW - Overhead transmission lines KW - Cable dynamics KW - Aerodynamic damping KW - Wind tunnel KW - In-situ measurements PY - 2014 SN - 978-972-752-165-4 SN - 2311-9020 SP - Paper MS07, 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-30993 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liehr, Sascha A1 - Lenke, Philipp A1 - Wendt, Mario A1 - Krebber, Katerina A1 - Seeger, M. A1 - Thiele, E. A1 - Metschies, H. A1 - Gebreselassie, B. A1 - Münich, J.C. T1 - Polymer optical fiber sensors for distributed strain measurement and application in structural health monitoring N2 - Polymer optical fiber (POF) sensors have the unique ability to measure high strain distributed along the fiber up to 40% using the optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) technique. Both, standard PMMA fibers and perfluorinated (PF) graded-index (GI) POF are introduced and evaluated in potential use and applicability. Further, distributed length change measurement based on cross-correlation analysis of the characteristic fiber signature of PF POF is introduced. We conclude the advances in distributed POF strain sensors technology with respect to application in structural health monitoring. Special focus is on the sensor integration into technical textiles for health monitoring of geotechnical structures and masonry structures. Measurement results of sensor-equipped textiles in different model tests are presented, displacement of soil and cracks in retrofitted masonry structures are detected and evaluated. KW - Distributed strain sensor KW - Optical fiber sensor KW - POF sensors KW - Structural health monitoring PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2009.2018352 SN - 1530-437X SN - 1558-1748 VL - 9 IS - 11 SP - 1330 EP - 1338 CY - New York, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-20311 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stengel, Dominik A1 - Thiele, K. A1 - Clobes, M. A1 - Mehdianpour, Milad T1 - Aerodynamic damping of nonlinear movement of conductor cables in laminar and turbulent wind flow N2 - It is widely accepted that aerodynamic damping is a decisive parameter influencing the dynamic response of overhead transmission line conductors in turbulent wind flow. But anyway, methods of how to account for the effects of aerodynamic damping differ significantly and so might do the results. In this work, the source of aerodynamic damping shall be revised leading to the well-known formulation for a linear pendulum being the result of the relative velocity between the structure and wind flow. Based on wind tunnel tests and validated by simulations, the differences to a pendulum movement of a sagging cable are shown. The reasons for that deviation are the large deflections, resulting in a movement non parallel to the acting wind flow. For some analysis, in particular those in frequency domain, it is practically not possible to incorporate aerodynamic damping implicitly by fluid structure interaction. If the dynamic movement can be linearized at a working point of the mean deflection, a modification to the linear approach is suggested. This approach is validated by simulation with a finite element model of an existing overhead transmission line, calibrated with onsite measurements for wind velocities at lower levels. Further accent is put on the different possibilities to incorporate aerodynamic damping in time step analysis, such as Rayleigh damping or modal damping. The differences between both approaches are emphasized and modal damping is shown to be the most adequate representation of aerodynamic damping. T2 - ICWE14 - 14th International conference on wind engineering CY - Porto Alegre, Brazil DA - 21.06.2015 KW - Aerodynamic damping KW - Conductor cables KW - Overhead transmission lines KW - Wind tunnel experiments KW - Nonlinear finite element simulation PY - 2015 SN - 978-85-66094-07-7 SP - 1 EP - 9 AN - OPUS4-33612 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stengel, Dominik A1 - Clobes, M. A1 - Thiele, K. T1 - Investigation on the dynamic behavior of an OHL conductor bundle with light and heavy ice accretion N2 - Under a variety of possible cable vibrations which overhead line conductors can suffer, galloping identifies by large amplitudes at rather low frequencies. Changes of the cross-section as by ice-accretion provide the basis for such vibrations through an aerodynamic instability of drag and lift responses under wind excitation. Two different types of light and heavy ice bodies attached to a quad bundle conductor are analysed in wind tunnel tests. The results of aerodynamic drag and lift coefficients are investigated by means of a finite element model under turbulent wind excitation. It was found that instability can be well simulated for the heavy ice accretion but not for the case of lightly iced conductors. T2 - 8th International Colloquium on Bluff Body Aerodynamics and Applications CY - Boston, MA, USA DA - 07.06.2016 KW - wind turbulence KW - overhead transmission line KW - bundle conductors KW - ice accretion KW - dynamic behaviour PY - 2016 SP - Paper 116, 1 EP - Paper 116, 8 AN - OPUS4-36554 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -