TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Daniel A1 - Griepentrog, Michael A1 - Beck, Uwe A1 - Duwe, M. A1 - Quast, J.-H. A1 - Schneider, S. T1 - Effect of curvature of spherical microscopic indentations on the ellipsometric readout N2 - The authors describe and interpret curvature-related changes to the ellipsometric readout. As model system for a concave curvature, a set of three spherical microscopic indents in silicon (100) of different sizes was prepared by instrumented indentation testing using a spherical indenter. For reference, these samples were characterized by AFM to reveal the topography of each structure. The concavelike indents were analyzed by Mueller-Matrix imaging ellipsometry to extract lateral intensity images of 12 elements of the Mueller-Matrix. As a result of the detailed analysis of the image elements m22, m23, and m14, it was possible to correlate intensity changes and symmetry properties to depolarization and cross polarization induced by the edge threshold and the curved surface of the indent. KW - Spectroskopic Imaging KW - Mueller-Matrix imaging ellipsometry KW - Structural anomalies KW - Structural inhomogenities PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-498105 DO - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5122252 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 062906-1 EP - 062906-5 PB - American Vacuum Society AN - OPUS4-49810 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guehrs, E. A1 - Schneider, M. A1 - Günther, Ch. M. A1 - Hessing, P. A1 - Heitz, K. A1 - Wittke, D. A1 - López-Serrano Oliver, Ana A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert A1 - Plendl, J. A1 - Eisebitt, S. A1 - Haase, A. T1 - Quantification of silver nanoparticle uptake and distribution within individual human macrophages by FIB/SEM slice and view N2 - Quantification of nanoparticle (NP) uptake in cells or tissues is very important for safety assessment. Often, electron microscopy based approaches are used for this purpose, which allow imaging at very high resolution. However, precise quantification of NP numbers in cells and tissues remains challenging. The aim of this study was to present a novel approach, that combines precise quantification of NPs in individual cells together with high resolution imaging of their intracellular distribution based on focused ion beam/ scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) slice and view approaches. KW - Nanoparticles KW - FIB/SEM slice and view KW - Absolute dose KW - Cellular internalization KW - Macrophage PY - 2017 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-400626 DO - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-017-0255-8 SN - 1477-3155 VL - 15 SP - Article 21, 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-40062 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chapartegui-Arias, Ander A1 - Raysyan, A. A1 - Belenguer, A. M. A1 - Jaeger, Carsten A1 - Tchipilov, Teodor A1 - Prinz, Carsten A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique A1 - Beyer, S. A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - Tailored mobility in a zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF) antibody conjugate N2 - Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) hybrid fluorescent nanoparticles and ZIF antibody conjugates have been synthesized, characterized, and employed in lateral-flow immunoassay (LFIA). The bright fluorescence of the conjugates and the possibility to tailor their mobility gives a huge potential for diagnostic assays. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as label, proved the integrity, stability, and dispersibility of the antibody conjugates, LC-MS/MS provided evidence that a covalent link was established between these metal-organic frameworks and lysine residues in IgG antibodies. KW - ZIF KW - ELISA PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-532096 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202100803 SN - 0947-6539 SN - 1521-3765 VL - 27 IS - 36 SP - 9414 EP - 9421 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-53209 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schneider, S. A1 - Beck, T. A1 - Wittstock, B. A1 - Herbst, Tristan T1 - Sustainability assessment for the recycling of masonry N2 - In Germany, construction debris, road construction waste and excavated material amount to 60% of the total waste. The construction debris originates mainly from Building demolition and comprises of concrete and different types of masonry such as red brick, lime-sandstone, aerated concrete and lightweight concrete, but also other materials such as insulation material, gypsum, plaster, tiles, wood, Steel and plastics. Due to the large amount of building demolition material, the recycling of masonry to high-quality Recycling Products and closed-loop-recycling bears a high potential to reduce environmental impacts. Within the AiF (German Federation of Industrial Research Association) research Project “Sustainability Assessment for the Recycling of Masonry”, different recycling Technologies will be assessed with regard to their sustainability performance. All three pillars of sustainability - the ecological, the economic and the social pillar - will be considered, using the methods of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE). The assessment will be carried out for different Recycling technologies, for common ones but also for such technologies that are not yet in large scale application. The applicability of technologies depends on the type of the demolition material and on the purity of variety. One part of the research project is to develop a web-based tool for operators of recycling facilities and for demolition Companies to assess their recycling options. In most cases, demolished masonry has a very heterogeneous material composition, and therefore can only be used for lower-level recycling options or ends up in landfill. The aim of the project is to avoid landfilling and the downcycling of products and to achieve a higher recycling level. Closed-loop-recycling has priority. The main aspects of closed-loop-recycling are to change not the inherent properties of the recycled material and to recycle into the same or other product Systems. In the course of this, it is important to preserve the quality of the recycling material and to ensure a versatile use. To reach this target, different recycling technologies are identified and with the aid of the mentioned methods - LCA, LCC and LCWE - evaluated. In addition to predefined Processing routes, it is possible to assess individual recycling plants. A basic recyclingprinciple is defined to which further System modules can be added. The web-tool enables the user to identify different options - depending on the demolition material and its purity - and yields the sustainability assessment. Thus, the user gets Information about possibilities of the recycling of masonry and the environmental, economic and social Benefits compared to downcycling and landfill. T2 - SAM-6 - 6th International conference on society & materials CY - Leuven, Belgium DA - 30.05.2012 PY - 2012 SN - 1958-2897 SP - 1 EP - 7 AN - OPUS4-28644 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Beck, T. A1 - Schneider, S. A1 - Flassenberg, G. T1 - Nachhaltigkeitsanalyse für das Mauerwerksrecycling N2 - In Deutschland fällt mittelfristig eine nicht unerhebliche Menge an Mauerwerksbruch an. Im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Kreislaufwirtschaft sind diese Restmassen zukünftig einem möglichst hochwertigen Recycling zuzuführen. Im Rahmen des IGF-Forschungsvorhabens 17022 N der Forschungsvereinigung Porenbetonindustrie e.V., Berlin, wird im Gesamtkontext “SIM Stoffkreislauf im Mauerwerksbau“ die Nachhaltigkeit verschiedener Recyclingoptionen für Mauerwerksbruch unter Einbeziehung der Hauptwandbausteinarten Ziegel, Kalksandstein, Porenbeton und Leichtbeton sowie unter Beachtung material- und verfahrenstechnischer sowie ökologischer, ökonomischer und sozialer Aspekte ganzheitlich untersucht und bewertet. Auf Grundlage der dabei gewonnenen Erkenntnisse wird ein rechnergestütztes Analysetool zur Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung für das Mauerwerksrecycling entwickelt. Auf diesem Wege sollen im Sinne der aktuellen gesetzlichen Vorgaben nachhaltige Stoffkreisläufe im Mauerwerksbau geschlossen und somit letztlich die Deponierung von Mauerwerksrestmassen vermieden werden.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In Germany, a not unimportant quantity of masonry rubble is generated in the medium term. With regard to a sustainable closed substance cycle waste management, these rest masses have to be recycled if possible. Within the IGF research project “Sustainability Analysis for the Recycling of Masonry”, different recycling options will be assessed with regard to their sustainability performance. In doing so, the main kinds of masonry units (clay units, calcium silicate units, autoclaved aerated concrete units, aggregate concrete units), their material properties, the processing technologies as well as ecological, economic and social aspects will be considered. Based on the results, a web-based tool will be developed to assess the sustainability of different recycling options for masonry rubble. PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/dama.201200549 SN - 1432-3427 SN - 1437-1022 VL - 16 IS - 5 SP - 242 EP - 246 PB - Ernst CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-27392 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oberleitner, Lidia A1 - Eremin, S.A. A1 - Lehmann, Andreas A1 - Garbe, L.-A. A1 - Schneider, Rudolf T1 - Fluorescence polarization immunoassays for carbamazepine - comparison of tracers and formats N2 - For the antiepileptic drug and anthropogenic marker carbamazepine (CBZ), a fast and cost-effective immunoassay based on fluorescence polarization (FPIA) was developed. The required fluorophore conjugates were synthesized from different fluorescein and CBZ derivatives. The most suitable tracer was CBZ–triglycine–5-(aminoacetamido)fluorescein. Additionally, the applicability of the assay in tubes and on microtiter plates was tested. The first format can be performed in a portable instrument and therefore can be applied in field measurements. The measurement of an individual sample can be carried out within 4 min. This assay shows a measurement range of 2.5–1000 µg L-1 and a test midpoint (or IC50) of 36 µg L-1. The FPIA performed on microtiter plates is useful for the assay development and is suitable for a very high throughput (up to 24 samples in 20 min). The test midpoint of this assay is 13 µg L-1 and the measurement range is 1.5–300 µg L-1. Furthermore, this assay requires smaller sample volumes and less reagents, including the crucial amount of antibody. The applicability of both assays to spiked surface water samples was evaluated. The recovery rates vary between 66–110% on microtiter plates and 81–140% in tubes. PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ay00617a SN - 1759-9660 SN - 1759-9679 VL - 7 IS - 14 SP - 5854 EP - 5861 PB - RSC Publ. CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-33821 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, L. A1 - Stebbings, R. A1 - Gaigalas, A.K. A1 - Sutherland, J. A1 - Kammel, M. A1 - John, M. A1 - Roemer, B. A1 - Kuhne, Maren A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Braun, M. A1 - Engel, A. A1 - Dikshit, D. A1 - Abbasi, F. A1 - Marti, G.E. A1 - Sassi, M. A1 - Revel, L. A1 - Kim, S.K. A1 - Baradez, M.-O. A1 - Lekishvili, T. A1 - Marshall, D. A1 - Whitby, L. A1 - Jing, W. A1 - Ost, V. A1 - Vonsky, M. A1 - Neukammer, J. T1 - Quantification of cells with specific phenotypes II: Determination of CD4 expression level on reconstituted lyophilized human PBMC labelled with anti-CD4 FITC antibody N2 - This report focuses on the characterization of CD4 expression level in terms of equivalent number of reference fluorophores (ERF). Twelve different flow cytometer platforms across sixteen laboratories were utilized in this study. As a first step the participants were asked to calibrate the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) channel of each flow cytometer using commercially available calibration standard consisting of five populations of microspheres. Each population had an assigned value of equivalent fluorescein fluorophores (EFF denotes a special case of the generic term ERF with FITC as the reference fluorophore). The EFF values were assigned at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). A surface-labelled lyophilized cell preparation was provided by the National Institute of Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) pre-labeled with a FITC conjugated anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody. Three PBMC sample vials, provided to each participant, were used for the CD4 expression analysis. The PBMC are purported to have a fixed number of surface CD4 receptors. On the basis of the microsphere calibration, the EFF value of the PBMC samples was measured to characterize the population average CD4 expression level of the PBMC preparations. Both the results of data analysis performed by each participant and the results of centralized analysis of all participants' raw data are reported. Centralized analysis gave a mean EFF value of 22,300 and an uncertainty of 750, corresponding to 3.3% (level of confidence 68%) of the mean EFF value. The next step will entail the measurement of the ERF values of the lyophilized PBMC stained with labels for other fluorescence channels. The ultimate goal is to show that lyophilized PBMC is a suitable biological reference cell material for multicolor flow cytometry and that it can be used to present multicolor flow cytometry measurements in terms of ABC (antibodies bound per cell) units. KW - Surface labelled lyophilized PBMC KW - CD4 expression level KW - FITC KW - Equivalent fluorescein fluorophore (EFF) KW - Quantitative flow cytometry KW - Calibration KW - Standard measurement procedure KW - Measurement uncertainty KW - Reference cell material PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.22634 SN - 0196-4763 SN - 1552-4922 SN - 1552-4930 VL - 87 IS - 3 SP - 254 EP - 261 PB - Wiley-Liss CY - Hoboken, NJ AN - OPUS4-32981 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stebbings, R. A1 - Wang, L. A1 - Sutherland, J. A1 - Kammel, M. A1 - Gaigalas, A.K. A1 - John, M. A1 - Roemer, B. A1 - Kuhne, Maren A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Braun, M. A1 - Engel, A. A1 - Dikshit, D.K. A1 - Abbasi, F. A1 - Marti, G.E. A1 - Sassi, M.P. A1 - Revel, L. A1 - Kim, S.-K. A1 - Baradez, M.-O. A1 - Lekishvili, T. A1 - Marshall, D. A1 - Whitby, L. A1 - Jing, W. A1 - Ost, V. A1 - Vonsky, M. A1 - Neukammer, J. T1 - Quantification of cells with specific phenotypes I: Determination of CD4+ cell count per microliter in reconstituted lyophilized human PBMC prelabeled with anti-CD4 FICT antibody N2 - A surface-labeled lyophilized lymphocyte (sLL) preparation has been developed using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells prelabeled with a fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody. The sLL preparation is intended to be used as a reference material for CD4+ cell counting including the development of higher order reference measurement procedures and has been evaluated in the pilot study CCQM-P102. This study was conducted across 16 laboratories from eight countries to assess the ability of participants to quantify the CD4+ cell count of this reference material and to document cross-laboratory variability plus associated measurement uncertainties. Twelve different flow cytometer platforms were evaluated using a standard protocol that included calibration beads used to obtain quantitative measurements of CD4+ T cell counts. There was good overall cross-platform and counting method agreement with a grand mean of the laboratory calculated means of (301.7 ± 4.9) µL-1 CD4+ cells. Excluding outliers, greater than 90% of participant data agreed within ±15%. A major contribution to variation of sLL CD4+ cell counts was tube to tube variation of the calibration beads, amounting to an uncertainty of 3.6%. Variation due to preparative steps equated to an uncertainty of 2.6%. There was no reduction in variability when data files were centrally reanalyzed. Remaining variation was attributed to instrument specific differences. CD4+ cell counts obtained in CCQM-P102 are in excellent agreement and show the robustness of both the measurements and the data analysis and hence the suitability of sLL as a reference material for interlaboratory comparisons and external quality assessment. KW - CD4+ cell counting KW - Relative concentration measurement KW - Lyophilized cells KW - Flow cytometry KW - Standard measurement procedure KW - Measurement of uncertainty KW - Human immunodeficiency virus-1 KW - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome KW - Reference material PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.22614 SN - 0196-4763 SN - 1552-4922 SN - 1552-4930 VL - 87 IS - 3 SP - 244 EP - 253 PB - Wiley-Liss CY - Hoboken, NJ AN - OPUS4-32847 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Filipe, O.M.S. A1 - Vidal, M.M. A1 - Scherer, H.W. A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Duarte, A. A1 - Esteves, V.I. A1 - Santos, E.B.H. T1 - Effect of long term organic amendments on adsorption-desorption of thiram onto a luvisol soil derived from loess KW - Thiram KW - Adsorption-desorption KW - Soil KW - Organic amendments PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.04.003 SN - 0045-6535 SN - 0366-7111 VL - 80 IS - 3 SP - 293 EP - 300 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Kidlington, Oxford AN - OPUS4-23196 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lima, D. A1 - Santos, S A1 - Scherer, H. A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Duarte, A. A1 - Santos, E. A1 - Esteves, V. T1 - Effects of organic and inorganic amendments on soil organic matter properties N2 - The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of long-term application of different organic fertilizers (sewage sludge, farmyard manure, compost) as compared to mineral fertilizer on the structure of the soil organic matter. Capillary electrophoresis was employed for the quantification of monosaccharides and phenolic compounds, whereas NMR and FT-IR were used for the overall characterization of the soils organic matter. Application of farmyard manure results in a higher content of organic matter derived from angiosperms, suggested by the higher levels of syringic and vanillic phenols. Spectroscopic studies show an increase of lignin and lignin-like products in the organic matter of the soil, which may be derived from the cereal straw supplied with farmyard manure. According to spectroscopic analysis, 13C CPMAS-NMR and FT-IR spectra, higher contents of methylene groups (– CH2) from proteins and protein-like compounds, as well as higher levels of carbohydrates, were found in the soil supplied with compost. The monosaccharide (rhamnose, xylose, glucose, mannose, arabinose, fucose and galactose) content was not significantly influenced by the different organic fertilizers, suggesting that the type of amendment used does not affect any of these six studied monomers. Comparing the three organic amendments the most significant differences were observed after long-term application of farmyard manure, with an increase in lignin and lignin-like products in the soil organic matter, and compost, which appears to contribute to an increase of protein and protein-like, as well as carbohydrates content on soil organic matter. The knowledge of such changes can be essential to understand the sorption and bioavailability of pollutants, as well as establish/unestablish ways to recycling organic residues as organic fertilizers. KW - Soil amendment KW - Organic matter charcterization KW - Phenols KW - Monosaccharide KW - CZE KW - FT-IR KW - 13C-NMR PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009 SN - 0016-7061 SN - 1872-6259 VL - 150 IS - 1-2 SP - 38 EP - 45 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-19333 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martínez, N.A. A1 - Pereira, S.V. A1 - Bertolino, F.A. A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Messina, G.A. A1 - Raba, J. T1 - Electrochemical detection of a powerful estrogenic endocrine disruptor: ethylestradiol in water samples through bioseparation procedure N2 - The synthetic estrogen ethinylestradiol (EE2) is an active component of oral contraceptives (OCs), considered as an endocrine disrupting compound (EDC). It is excreted from humans and released via sewage treatment plant effluents into aquatic environments. EDCs are any environmental pollutant chemical that, once incorporated into an organism, affects the hormonal balance of various species including humans. Its presence in the environment is becoming of great importance in water quality. This paper describes the development of an accurate, sensitive and selective method for capture, preconcentration and determination of EE2 present in water samples using: magnetic particles (MPs) as bioaffinity support for the capture and preconcentration of EE2 and a glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs/GCE) as detection system. The capture procedure was based on the principle of immunoaffinity, the EE2 being extracted from the sample using the anti-EE2 antibodies (anti-EE2 Ab) which were previously immobilized on MPs. Subsequently the analyte desorption was done employing a sulfuric acid solution and the determination of the EE2 in the pre-concentrated solution was carried out by square wave voltammetry (SWV). This method can be used to determine EE2 in the range of 0.035–70 ng L-1 with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.01 ng L-1 and R.S.D. < 4.20%. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of EE2 in water samples and it has promising analytical applications for the direct determination of EE2 at trace levels. KW - Magnetic particles KW - Bioseparation KW - Ethinylestradiol KW - Electrochemistry KW - Immunoassay KW - Elektrochemischer Sensor KW - Endokrine Disruptoren KW - Hormone KW - EE2 KW - Östrogene PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2012.02.033 SN - 0003-2670 SN - 1873-4324 SN - 0378-4304 VL - 723 SP - 27 EP - 32 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-25656 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -