TY - GEN A1 - Bahlmann, Stefanie A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Hauer, B. A1 - Klein, H. A1 - Müller, C. A1 - Ruppert, J. A1 - Schäfer, S. A1 - Spanka, G. A1 - Wassing, W. A1 - Zunzer, U. T1 - Potenziale des Sekundärstoffeinsatzes im Betonbau - Teilprojekt B1 KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Sekundäre Gesteinskörnung KW - Rezyklierte Gesteinskörnung KW - Betonbrechsand KW - Müllverbrennungsasche PY - 2007 SN - 978-3-410-65772-9 SN - 0171-7197 N1 - Geburtsname von Bahlmann, Stefanie: Ramolla, S. - Birth name of Bahlmann, Stefanie: Ramolla, S. IS - 572 SP - 131 EP - 222 PB - Beuth AN - OPUS4-16361 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holde, David A1 - Schäfer, K. T1 - Zur Untersuchung von Asphaltpulvern auf Bitumengehalt PY - 1906 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 109 EP - 114 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-13455 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Silke A1 - Schäfer, Diana A1 - Krebs, Holger T1 - Vergleich zweier Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Zündstärke von Sprengzündern: Unterwasser-Test und Plate-Dent-Test N2 - Zwei Verfahren, der Unterwasser-Test und der Plate-Dent-Test, wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung zur indirekten Bestimmung der Zündstärke von Zündern untersucht. Die Einflüsse verschiedener Sekundärladungsmassen und unterschiedlichen Hülsenmaterials von Zündern standen hierbei im Vordergrund. Der Unterwasser-Test, bei dem als Maß für die Zündstärke die Stoß- und Blasenenergie eines Zünders ermittelt werden, erwies sich als probate und genaue Bestimmungsmethode. Zünder mit unterschiedlichen Sekundärladungsmassen waren eindeutig differenzierbar. Das Hülsenmaterial hatte nur einen vernachlässigbaren Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse. Der Plate-Dent-Test, bei dem die Abmaße des gebildeten Kraters zur indirekten Bestimmung der Zündstärke herangezogen werden, zeigte gegenteilige Effekte. Ab einem Ladungslänge-Durchmesser-Verhältnis von größer zwei war eine Differenzierung von Zündern verschiedener Sekundärladungsmasse nicht mehr möglich. Außerdem hatte das Hülsenmaterial einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Kraterbildung. Der Plate-Dent-Test ist somit nur für den direkten Vergleich der Zündstärken baugleicher Zünder z. B. unter variierenden Umweltbedingungen geeignet.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Two procedures – the underwater test and the plate-dent-test – were examined concerning their applicability for the indirect determination of the initiating capability of detonators. At this the focus was on the influence of varying explosive masses and different shell material. At the underwater test the initiating capability is determined indirectly by measurement and calculation of the shock and bubble energy. This method proved to be effective and accurate. Detonators with different secondary charge masses could be distinguished clearly and the shell material had only a negligible influence on the energy release. The plate-dent-test, at which the dimensions of the formed dent are an indirect measure for the initiating capability, showed the contrary effects. A differentiation of detonators was proved to be impossible when a relation of charge length to diameter greater than two was reached. Furthermore, it could be shown that the shell material had significant influence on the dent formation. Therefore, the plate-dent-test is only suitable for the direct comparison of identical detonators, e. g. under varying environmental conditions. KW - Zünder KW - Prüfung Zündstärke KW - Unterwassertest KW - Plate-Dent-Test PY - 2012 SN - 0941-4584 VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 26 EP - 31 PB - Deutscher Sprengverband CY - Siegen AN - OPUS4-27042 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fernández, D. A1 - Vermeirssen, E.L.M. A1 - Bandow, Nicole A1 - Munoz, K. A1 - Schäfer, R.B. T1 - Calibration and field application of passive sampling for episodic exposure to polar organic pesticides in streams N2 - Rainfall-triggered runoff is a major driver of pesticide input in streams. Only few studies have examined the suitability of passive sampling to quantify such episodic exposures. In this study, we used Empore-TM styrene-divinylbenzene reverse phase sulfonated disks (SDB disks) and event-driven water samples (EDS) to assess exposure to 15 fungicides and 4 insecticides in 17 streams in a German vineyard area during 4 rainfall events. We also conducted a microcosm experiment to determine the SDB-disk sampling rates and provide a free-software solution to derive sampling rates under time-variable exposure. Sampling rates ranged from 0.26 to 0.77 L d-1 and time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations from 0.05 to 2.11 µg/L. The 2 sampling systems were in good agreement and EDS exceeded TWA concentrations on average by a factor of 3. Our study demonstrates that passive sampling is suitable to quantify episodic exposures from polar organic pesticides. KW - Passive sampling KW - Pesticide KW - Water monitoring KW - Freshwater PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.08.001 SN - 0269-7491 SN - 0013-9327 SN - 1873-6424 VL - 194 SP - 196 EP - 202 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - New York, NY [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-31277 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hauer, B. A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Schäfer, S. A1 - Seidel, M. T1 - B - Potentials for the use of secondary materials in concrete construction / B - Potenziale des Sekundärstoffeinsatzes im Betonbau KW - Nachhaltig mit Beton bauen KW - Einsatzpotenziale Sekundärrohstoffe KW - Müllverbrennungsaschen KW - Brechsande PY - 2010 SN - 0373-4331 SN - 1865-6528 N1 - Sprachen: Deutsch/Englisch - Languages: German/English VL - 76 IS - 02 SP - 18 EP - 19 PB - Bauverl. CY - Gütersloh AN - OPUS4-21463 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Manke, I. A1 - Kardjilov, N. A1 - Schäfer, R. A1 - Hilger, A. A1 - Strobl, M. A1 - Dawson, M. A1 - Grünzweig, C. A1 - Behr, G. A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - David, C. A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Banhart, J. T1 - Three-dimensional imaging of magnetic domains N2 - Magnetic domains have been the subject of much scientific investigation since their theoretical existence was first postulated by P.-E. Weiss over a century ago. Up to now, the three-dimensional (3D) domain structure of bulk magnets has never been observed owing to the lack of appropriate experimental methods. Domain analysis in bulk matter thus remains one of the most challenging tasks in research on magnetic materials. All current domain observation methods are limited to studying surface domains or thin magnetic films. As the properties of magnetic materials are strongly affected by their domain structure, the development of a technique capable of investigating the shape, size and distribution of individual domains in three dimensions is of great importance. Here, we show that the novel technique of Talbot-Lau neutron tomography with inverted geometry enables direct imaging of the 3D network of magnetic domains within the bulk of FeSi crystals. KW - Computed tomography KW - Reconstruction algorithm KW - Talbot-Lau neutron tomography KW - Magnetic domains PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1125 SN - 2041-1723 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Nature Publishing Group CY - London, UK AN - OPUS4-22609 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Thomas A1 - Schäfer, N. A1 - Abou-Ras, D. T1 - Raman microspectroscopy provides access to compositional and microstructural details of polycrystalline materials N2 - This overview article provides insight into how to apply Raman spectroscopy in combination with a confocal, optical microscope setup on polycrystalline material systems, in order to obtain quantitative information on phase distribution, grain sizes, crystal orientations and microstrain. Although the present work uses Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ absorber layers in corresponding thin-film solar cells as a model system to demonstrate the capabilities of Raman microspectroscopy, the approaches discussed may be applied to any organic or inorganic, polycrystalline materials system. KW - Raman microscopy KW - Microstructure KW - Microspectroscopic imaging KW - Polycrystalline materials PY - 2016 SN - 0966-0941 VL - 28 IS - 5 SP - 16 EP - 20 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-37929 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Manke, I. A1 - Kardjilov, N. A1 - Schäfer, R. A1 - Hilger, A. A1 - Grothausmann, R. A1 - Strobl, M. A1 - Dawson, M. A1 - Grünzweig, C. A1 - Tötzke, C. A1 - David, C. A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Banhart, J. T1 - Three-dimensional imaging of magnetic domains with neutron grating interferometry N2 - This paper gives a brief overview on3D imaging of magnetic domains with shearing grating neutron tomography. We investigated the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic domain walls in the bulk of a wedge-shaped FeSi single crystal. The width of the magnetic domains wasanalyzed at different locations within the crystal. Magnetic domains close to the tip of the wedge are much smaller than in the bulk. Furthermore, the three-dimensional shape of individual domains wasinvestigated. We discuss prospects and limitations of the applied measurement technique. KW - Neutron imaging KW - Tomography KW - Magnetic domains KW - Grating interferometry KW - Darkfield imaging KW - Shearing gratings KW - Talbot-Lau KW - Three-dimensional data quantification KW - Tomographic reconstruction PY - 2015 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-341919 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2015.07.057 SN - 1875-3892 VL - 69 SP - 404 EP - 412 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-34191 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Krebs, Holger A1 - Hasenfelder, Uta A1 - Schäfer, Diana A1 - von Oertzen, Alexander T1 - Investigations of non-electric detonators and conclusions N2 - More than 5 million non-electric detonators are used annually in Germany for blasting operations. The relative usage of non-electric detonators amounts to about 50% of all civil blasting operations in Germany. BAM, as the notified body for explosives in Germany, tests non-electric detonators for the purpose of EU-type approval under the civil explosives directive, but also in the context of general investigations, e.g. when misfiring occurs. BAM has all facilities to test these detonators according to the European standard EN 13763. The presentation will cover the test facilities of BAM and address some issues of delay time accuracy. Several advantages and disadvantages of the non-electric ignition system will be discussed in the context of case investigations, and conclusions for mining operations and the advoidance of misfiring will be drawn. T2 - EFEE 8th World conference on explosives and blasting CY - Lyon, France DA - 26.04.2015 PY - 2015 SN - 978-0-9550290-4-2 N1 - Serientitel: Lyon conference proceedings – Series title: Lyon conference proceedings SP - 123 EP - 127 AN - OPUS4-33202 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krebs, Holger A1 - Schäfer, Diana A1 - Wendler, Reinhold T1 - Untersuchungen zu schlagwettersichern Zündern mittels Hochgeschwindigkeitsvideotechnik N2 - In der Abteilung „Chemische Sicherheitstechnik" der BAM wurden mittels Ultra-Hochgeschwindigkeitsvideotechnik Grundlagenuntersuchungen zu Detonationsverhalten und Splitterwirkung von sogenannte "schlagwettersichern” Sprengzündern in normaler und in explosionsfähiger Atmosphäre durchgeführt. Es konnte eine maximale Splittergeschwindigkeit von 2,4 km/s ermittelt werden. PY - 2014 SN - 0941-4584 VL - 36 IS - 3 SP - 4 PB - Deutscher Sprengverband CY - Siegen AN - OPUS4-32735 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -