TY - CONF A1 - Cobet, C. A1 - Wollschläger, Nicole A1 - Esser, N. A1 - Richter, W. A1 - Baudach, Steffen A1 - Beck, Uwe A1 - Männ, Marion A1 - Brunn, S. A1 - Gruska, B. A1 - Richter, U. T1 - VUV-XUV-Ellipsometrie mit Synchrotronstrahlung T2 - 2. Workshop Ellipsometrie CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 2002-02-18 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-2282 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, Kerstin A1 - Richter, Manfred T1 - Literaturrecherchen in der Datenbank Farbe PY - 1975 SN - 0014-7680 VL - 24 SP - 43 EP - 49 PB - Musterschmidt CY - Göttingen AN - OPUS4-8311 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Beckmann, Jörg A1 - Richter, Heike A1 - Zscherpel, Uwe A1 - Ewert, Uwe A1 - Weinzierl, J. A1 - Schmidt, L.-P. A1 - Rutz, F. A1 - Koch, M. A1 - Richter, H. A1 - Hübers, H.-W. T1 - Imaging Capability of Terahertz and Millimeter-Wave Instrumentations for NDT of Polymer Materials T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 KW - Time domain spectroscopy KW - Air coupled ultrasound KW - Pulsed THz radiation system KW - Pulse compression KW - THz imaging PY - 2006 SN - 3-931381-86-2 SP - 1(?) EP - 9(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-13875 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Richter, A. A1 - Richter, Silke T1 - Investigation on the heavy metal content of zinc-carbon and alkaline manganese dry cells N2 - The objective of this work was to test the compliance of commercially available batteries with the German Battery Ordinance, a project of the German government that was initiated by the Federal Environment Agency. Different types of commercially available dry cells were analysed for their cadmium, lead and mercury contents. The dry cells underwent mechanical pre-treatment, separation of the different components and microwave-assisted digestion before determination of the heavy metals. Mercury is sometimes added to prevent the generation of gaseous hydrogen from the electrochemical process. Lead could be present since it is sometimes used as an alloying element of zinc. Cadmium has no technical importance and is an undesirable impurity. None of the batteries contained higher heavy metal mass fractions than the permissible limits. KW - Lead KW - Mercury KW - Cadmium KW - Battery KW - Analysis KW - Dry cell KW - Zinc-carbon KW - Alkaline manganese KW - German Battery Ordinance PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.06.042 SN - 0956-053X VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 1213 EP - 1217 PB - Pergamon Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-18572 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, Andrea A1 - Richter, Silke A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian T1 - Investigation on the heavy-metal content of zinc-air button cells N2 - Within the framework of a German government project (initiated by the Federal Environment Agency) to check the compliance of commercially available batteries with the German Battery Ordinance concerning their heavy metal contents, 18 different types of commercially available zinc-air button cells were analysed for their cadmium, lead and mercury contents. After microwave assisted dissolution with aqua regia, Cd and Pb were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and Hg was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) and atomic absorption spectrometry. Cd contents were found to be much lower than the permitted limits; Pb contents were also found to be below the limits. Hg contents were found to be near the limits, and in one case the limit was exceeded. KW - Zinc-air button cell KW - Heavy metals KW - ICP-MS KW - ICP OES KW - Determination of Cd, Pb and Hg PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.12.004 SN - 0956-053X VL - 28 IS - 8 SP - 1493 EP - 1497 PB - Pergamon Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-17543 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, U. A1 - Mischke, R. A1 - Röllig, Mathias A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Eigenfeld, K. T1 - Porosity detection in high pressure die castings - Part 2 - Non-destructive characterization of pores in HPD castings using active thermpography: numerical simulation and experimental validation N2 - Ever larger high pressure die castings (HPDC) with ever thinner walls raise the issue of casting defects. Properties of components are often strongly influenced by inner porosity. In the case of high pressure die castings, shrinkage and gas porosity occur. Two possibilities of characterizing porosity - by microscopy and acitve thermography - are dealt with in two articles. In the previous article, the microscopic investigations are presented. In this article, first the feasibility of thermographic detection will be discussed based on simulations and, thereafter, the experimental determination of porosity with active thermography will be described. KW - Porosity KW - Aluminium KW - HPD casting KW - Active thermography KW - Flash KW - Numerical simulation PY - 2015 SN - 0046-5933 VL - 67 IS - 2 SP - 38 EP - 47 PB - Gießerei-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-34283 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Richter, Frank T1 - Tracking deformation history in Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar testing T2 - 32nd Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Stary Smokovec, Slovakia DA - 2015-09-22 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34370 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Richter, Frank A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Daum, Werner T1 - Tracking deformation history in split Hopkinson pressure bar testing N2 - The stress vs. strain curve of materials is affected the rate of imposed straining. Among the methods for dynamic testing the technique known as 'split Hopkinson pressure bar' (SHPB) has evolved into the most widely used one to exert high-speed straining. The theory behind it comprises simple equations to compute stress and strain. The reliability of the strain analysis can be assessed by digital image correlation (DIC). The present results indicate that the visually observed strain is smaller than predicted by theory. T2 - 32nd Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Starý Smokovec, Slovakia DA - 22.09.2015 KW - Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) KW - Digital image correlation (DIC) KW - Digitale Bildkorrelation (DIC) KW - Dynamic testing KW - Dynamische Tests KW - Stress-strain curve KW - Spannungs-Dehnungs-Kurve PY - 2015 SN - 978-80-554-1094-4 SP - 174 EP - 175 PB - University of Zilina, Slovakia CY - Zilina AN - OPUS4-35656 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Elordui-Zapatarietxe, S. A1 - Fettig, Ina A1 - Richter, Janine A1 - Philipp, Rosemarie A1 - Vanermen, G. A1 - Monteyne, E. A1 - Boom, G. A1 - Emteborg, H. T1 - Preparation and evaluation of sufficiently homogeneous and stable reference materials for priority hazardous substances in whole water N2 - We have prepared and evaluated three whole water test materials containing eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), six polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tributyltin (TBT) with respect to homogeneity and short-term stability. The test materials were used as samples in two inter-laboratory comparisons. The materials were composed of natural mineral water and model suspended particulate matter (SPM) containing the target compounds at ng L-1 levels. The expanded uncertainty of the estimated mass concentrations in the final test materials was obtained by combining contributions from the homogeneity, the stability and the model SPM characterization. The whole water materials were sufficiently homogeneous and stable at 4 °C for their intended use. In total, 12 out of 15 investigated target parameters could be assessed to be present with a relative combined expanded uncertainty below 25 %. The outcome of the two interlaboratory comparisons confirmed the good quality of the test materials and the level of uncertainties associated with the estimated mass concentrations. These findings are an important contribution towards the development of whole water matrix reference materials certified for PAH, PBDE and TBT in support of the Water Framework Directive of the European Union. KW - Reference material KW - Referenzmaterial KW - Water Framework Directive KW - Wasserrahmenrichtlinie KW - Whole water sample KW - Gesamtwasserprobe PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-015-1189-1 SN - 0949-1775 SN - 1432-0517 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 113 EP - 120 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-35728 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, Janine A1 - Elordui-Zapatarietxe, S. A1 - Emteborg, H. A1 - Fettig, Ina A1 - Cabillic, J. A1 - Alasonati, E. A1 - Gantois, F. A1 - Swart, C. A1 - Gokcen, T. A1 - Tunc, M. A1 - Binici, B. A1 - Rodriguez-Cea, A. A1 - Zuliani, T. A1 - Gonzalez Gago, A. A1 - Pröfrock, D. A1 - Nousiainen, M. A1 - Sawal, G. A1 - Buzoianu, M. A1 - Philipp, Rosemarie T1 - An interlaboratory comparison on whole water samples N2 - The European Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC requires monitoring of organic priority pollutants in so-called whole water samples, i.e. in aqueous nonfiltered samples that contain natural colloidal and suspended particulate matter. Colloids and suspended particles in the liquid phase constitute a challenge for sample homogeneity and stability. Within the joint research project ENV08 ‘‘Traceable measurements for monitoring critical pollutants under the European Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC’’, whole water test materials were developed by spiking defined amounts of aqueous slurries of ultrafinely milled contaminated soil or sediment and aqueous solutions of humic acid into a natural mineral water matrix. This paper presents the results of an European-wide interlaboratory comparison (ILC) using this type of test materials. Target analytes were tributyltin, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ng/L concentration range. Results of the ILC indicate that the produced materials are sufficiently homogeneous and stable to serve as samples for, e.g. proficiency testing or method validation. To our knowledge, this is the first time that ready-to-use water materials with a defined amount of suspended particulate and colloidal matter have been applied as test samples in an interlaboratory exercise. These samples meet the requirements of the European Water Framework Directive. Previous proficiency testing schemes mainly employed filtered water samples fortified with a spike of the target analyte in a water-miscible organic solvent. KW - Water Framework Directive KW - Wasserrahmenrichtlinie KW - Interlaboratory comparison KW - Ringversuch KW - Whole water sample KW - Gesamtwasserprobe PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-015-1190-8 SN - 0949-1775 SN - 1432-0517 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 121 EP - 129 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-35730 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böttcher, Bernhard A1 - Richter, Harry T1 - Ein Beitrag zum Nachweis von Feuchtigkeit in Mauerwerk mit Hilfe einer Infrarotkamera PY - 1982 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 9 PB - Hanser CY - München AN - OPUS4-36166 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -