TY - JOUR A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard T1 - Adhesion of metals to plasma-induced functional groups at polymer surfaces N2 - The peel strength of aluminium to polypropylene and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) was determined in dependence on the type and the concentration of functional groups on the polymer surface. For this purpose the polymer surface was equipped with monotype functional groups. The first method to produce monotype functionalized surfaces was an introduction of O functional groups using an oxygen plasma treatment and converting these groups to OH groups applying a wet chemical reduction. In result of this two-step treatment the hydroxyl group concentration at the polymer surface could be increased from 3–4 to 10–14 OH groups/100 C atoms. The second method consists in the deposition of a 150 nm adhesion-promoting layer of plasmapolymers or copolymers onto the polymer surface using the pulsed plasma technique. For that purpose functional groups carrying monomers as allyl alcohol, allylamine and acrylic acid were used. Applying the plasma-initiated copolymerization and using neutral “monomers” like ethylene or butadiene the concentration of the functional groups was varied. A correlation of peel strength with the ability of forming chemical interactions between Al atoms and functional groups was found: COOH > OH >> NH2 > H(CH2–CH2). KW - Peel strength KW - Aluminium KW - Polypropylene KW - Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) KW - Pulsed plasma KW - Allyl alcohol KW - Allylamine KW - Acrylic acid KW - Plasma surface treatment KW - Adhesion PY - 2005 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 200 IS - 1-4 SP - 565 EP - 568 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-10897 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard ED - Possart, W. T1 - Contribution of chemical interactions to the adhesion between evaporated metals and functional groups of different types at polymer surfaces PY - 2005 SN - 3-527-31263-3 SP - 265 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-10898 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Gähde, J. A1 - Goering, Harald A1 - Schulz, Günter T1 - Segmented polyurethanes with 4,4-bis-(6-hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl as chain extender - Part 2. Synthesis and properties of MDI-polyurethanes in comparison with 2,4-TDI-polyurethanes N2 - Linear segmented polyurethanes based on poly(butylene adipate)s (PBA) of different molecular weight (Mn 2000, 1000, and 600), 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and the mesogenic diol 4,4-bis-(6-hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl (BHHBP) as well as the unsegmented polyurethane consisting of MDI/BHHBP units have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 13C-NMR and SEC. The thermal behavior and the morphology were studied by DSC, polarizing microscopy, and DMA. The properties of the MDI-polyurethanes were discussed in relation to the BHHBP chain extended 2,4-TDI-polyurethanes and common 1,4-butanediol chain-extended MDI products. MDI polyurethanes based on PBA (Mn 2000) exhibit a glass transition temperature Tg of about -40°C independent of the hard segment content up to 50% hard segments. At higher hard segment contents increasing Tgs were observed. Polyurethanes, based on the shorter polyester soft segments PBA (Mn 1000 or 600), reveal an increase in the glass transition temperatures with growing hard segment content. The thermal transitions caused by melting of the MDI/BHHBP hard segment domains are found at 50 K higher temperatures in comparison with the analogous TDI products with mesogenic BHHBP/TDI hard segments. Shortening of the PBA chain length causes a shift of the thermal transitions to lower temperatures. Polarizing microscopy experiments indicate that liquid crystalline behavior is influenced by both the content of mesogenic hard segments and the chain length of the polyester. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. PY - 1996 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19960115)34:1<33::AID-POLA3>3.0.CO;2-4 SN - 0360-6376 SN - 0887-624X VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 44 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ AN - OPUS4-2151 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gähde, J. A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Krüger, Ralph-Peter A1 - Goering, Harald A1 - Funke, W. A1 - Hermann, U. T1 - Adherence of Liquid Crystalline TDI-Polyurethanes to Steel KW - Main-chain liquid crystalline polyurethanes KW - Primer on steel KW - Pull-off test KW - Wet adhesion of alkyd melamine resin KW - Mesogenic unit KW - Glass transition temperature KW - Hard segments KW - Soft segments PY - 1996 SN - 0021-8464 SN - 1545-5823 VL - 58 SP - 243 EP - 251 PB - Gordon & Breach CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-2152 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meyer-Plath, Asmus A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - d'Agostino, R. T1 - The Potential of Surface Radicals for Polymer Functionalization T2 - 16th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry (ISPC-16) CY - Taormina, Italy DA - 2003-06-22 PY - 2003 IS - CD-ROM PB - Dep. of Chemistry, Univ. CY - Bari AN - OPUS4-2612 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Plasma copolymerisation - a recommended way for formation of defined functionalized surfaces T2 - Biosurf V - Functional Polymeric Surfaces in Biotechnology CY - Zurich, Switzerland DA - 2003-09-25 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4670 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fritz, Andreas A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Dielectric spectroscopy of plasma copolymers of the system allyl alcohol/alkene N2 - Polymers synthesized with plasma techniques are very interesting materials for electronic, optic, and bio compatible applications. Thin films of plasma polymers shows a good adhesion to metals, glass, or other polymers. But the supramolecular structure, the durability, and the chemical and mechanical behavior of these polymers is poorly understood. Therefore dielectric investigations are carried out to study the dynamic behavior of the plasma polymers. As polymer system allyl alcohol/alkene is chosen to get polymers with a defined concentration of hydroxyl groups. The dielectric investigations shows several relaxation processes and a dependency of the dielectric parameters from the ratio of allyl alcohol in the polymer is observed. This results indicated that the alkene monomers were assembled continuous into the polymer matrix. T2 - Frühjahrstagung des Arbeitskreises Festkörperphysik bei der DPG CY - Regensburg, Deutschland DA - 2002-03-11 PY - 2002 UR - http://old.dpg-tagungen.de/archive/2002/cpp_4.html SN - 0420-0195 SN - 0372-5448 SN - 0343-9216 IS - CPP 4.7 SP - 424 CY - Bad Honnef AN - OPUS4-2057 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fritz, Andreas A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Dielectric spectroscopy of plasma copolymers or the system allyl alcohol/alkene T2 - Frühjahrstagung des Arbeitskreises Festkörperphysik bei der DPG CY - Regensburg, Germany DA - 2002-03-11 PY - 2002 SN - 0420-0195 SN - 0372-5448 SN - 0343-9216 IS - CPP 4.7 SP - 424 CY - Bad Honnef AN - OPUS4-2058 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Contribution of chemical interactions between different types of functional groups and metal atoms to the adhesion of metal-polymer composites T2 - Third International Symposium on Adhesion Aspects of Thin Films (including Adhesion Measurement and Metallized Plastics) CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 2003-12-15 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4210 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Neue Ergebnisse zur Copolymerisation im Plasma T2 - X. Erfahrungsaustausch zu "Oberflächentechnologie mit Plasmaprozessen" CY - Klingenthal, Germany DA - 2003-03-18 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4202 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Tayloring of polymer surfaces with different monotype functional groups of variable density using chemical and plasma chemical processes T2 - 10th Dresden Polymer Discussion: Characterization of Polymer Surfaces and Thin Films CY - Meißen, Germany DA - 2005-04-10 KW - Plasma modification KW - Introduction of functional groups KW - Reactions at polymer surfaces PY - 2005 SP - 34 EP - 49 PB - Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden CY - Meißen AN - OPUS4-11941 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Mix, Renate ED - Pershin, L. T1 - Chemical synthesis at plasma modified polymer surfaces T2 - 17th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry (ISPC-17) CY - Toronto, Canada DA - 2005-12-07 PY - 2005 SP - 1(?) EP - 6(?) CY - Toronto AN - OPUS4-11944 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Contribution of chemical interactions between different types of functional groups and metal atoms to the adhesion of metal-polymer composites T2 - 3rd Word Congress on Adhesion and Related Phenomena, WCARP-III CY - Beijing, China DA - 2006-10-15 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12525 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Kühn, Gerhard ED - Mutlu, M. T1 - Adhesion between metal atoms and polymer surfaces fitted with different types and variable density of functional groups T2 - 3rd workshop COST 527 CY - Antalya, Turkey DA - 2004-10-07 KW - Peel strength KW - Aluminium KW - Pulsed plasma KW - Allyl alcohol KW - Allylamine KW - Acrylic acid PY - 2005 SN - 975-491194-0 SP - 106 EP - 114 PB - Hacettepe Univ. Press CY - Ankara AN - OPUS4-11042 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Mittal, K. L. T1 - Contribution of chemical interactions between Al atoms and different types of functional groups to the adhesion of Al-polymer systems T2 - 2nd International Symposium on Adhesion Aspects of Thin Films CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 2003-12-15 KW - Al-functional group interactions KW - Adhesion-promoting plasma polymer layers KW - Pulsed plasma polymerization PY - 2005 SN - 90-6764-421-8 VL - 2 SP - 123 EP - 144 PB - VSP CY - Utrecht AN - OPUS4-11156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer-Plath, Asmus A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Mittal, K. T1 - Aspects of amino functionalization of polypropylene surfaces for adhesion promotion of thermally-evaporated copper films KW - Plasma polymerization KW - Surface functionalization KW - Gas discharge KW - Grafting KW - Amino groups KW - Copper KW - Metallization KW - Adhesion PY - 2007 SN - 978-90-6764-455-6 SN - 90-6764-455-2 VL - 3 SP - 177 EP - 198 PB - VSP CY - Leiden AN - OPUS4-15733 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Einführung von haftvermittelnden Molekülen an plasmabehandelte Polymeroberflächen T2 - XV. Erfahrungsaustausch Oberfläachentechnologie mit Plasma- und Ionenstrahlprozessen CY - Klingenthal, Germany DA - 2008-03-04 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-16713 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yin, Huajie A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Influence of differently structured aluminium-polypropylene interfaces on adhesion N2 - Polar groups were introduced on polypropylene surfaces for increasing the surface energy and the peel strength to evaporated aluminium layers. Three kinds of plasma processes were used for introducing such functional groups to polyolefin surfaces: low-pressure radio-frequency (RF) O2 plasma exposure, atmospheric-pressure dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) treatment in air, and the deposition of allylamine plasma polymer. The amino groups of the allylamine plasma polymer were also used as anchoring points for chemical introduction of covalently bonded spacer molecules equipped with reactive endgroups. Thus, silanol endgroups of a covalently bonded spacer were able to interact with the evaporated metal layer. The Al-PP composites achieved a maximal peel strength of 470 N/m by exposing the polymer to the lowpressure O2 plasma and 500 N/m on exposure to the atmospheric DBD plasma. After allylamine plasma polymerization and grafting of spacers, the peel strength was usually higher than 1500 N/m and the composites could not be peeled. KW - Polypropylene KW - Low-pressure RF oxygen plasma KW - Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) KW - Pulsed plasma polymerization KW - Surface wettability KW - Peel strength PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1163/016942410X511132 SN - 0169-4243 SN - 1568-5616 VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 799 EP - 818 PB - VNU Science Press CY - Utrecht AN - OPUS4-23990 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Special interface design for adhesion improvement T2 - ICCE-19, 19th Annual International Conference on Composites or Nano Engineering CY - Shanghai, China DA - 2011-07-24 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24134 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Improvement of Adhesivity of Polypropylene by Its Surface Modification Using the Aerosol Dielectric Barrier Discharge T2 - Adhesion '11, 11th International Conference on the Science and Technology of Adhesion and Adhesives CY - York, England DA - 2011-09-07 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24283 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -