TY - JOUR A1 - Merz, Benjamin A1 - Schmidt, Jonathan A1 - Poka, Konstantin A1 - Mohr, Gunther A1 - Polte, Julian A1 - Hilgenberg, Kai T1 - Impact of illumination technique on the detectability of irregularities in high-resolution images of visual in-situ process monitoring in Laser Powder Bed Fusion N2 - The layerwise geometry build-up of additive manufacturing (AM) enables the possibility of in-situ process monitoring. The objective is the detection of irregularities during the build cycle, ensuring component quality and process stability. Focus of this work is the visual in-situ monitoring of the process of powder bed fusion with laser beam of metals (PBF-LB/M). Current state of the art visual monitoring systems for PBF-LB/M are limited by low resolution, allowing the detection of gross flaws. In this work a 65 Mpixel high-resolution monochrome camera is integrated into a commercial PBF-LB/M machine enabling a spatial resolution of approx. 17.2 µm/Pixel. The observed inhomogeneities are clustered into directly detectable irregularities, and indirectly detectable irregularities that can be inferred from the surface. In parallel, two different illumination techniques are realized in the process chamber and compared. The impact of the distinct illumination technique, direct light and dark field, on the identification of irregularities is evaluated. KW - Powder bed fusion with laser beam of metals KW - In-situ monitoring KW - High-resolution camera KW - Illumination technique PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-610929 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.079 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 124 SP - 98 EP - 103 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-61092 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -