TY - GEN A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Denker, A. A1 - Merchel, S. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Wolff, T. ED - Armbruster, B. ED - Eilbracht, H. ED - Hahn, Oliver ED - Heinrich-Tamaska, O. T1 - Zerstörungsfreie Analyse von Metallartefakten - Eine Fallstudie N2 - Die naturwissenschaftliche Analyse historischer Materialen ermöglicht die Beantwortung kulturhistorischer Fragestellungen, die mit kunsthistorischen oder archäologischen Ansätzen allein nicht zu leisten sind. In dieser Studie wurden sechs römische Münzen mit unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägten Korrosionsschichten an unbehandelten und polierten Stellen mit vier zerstörungsfreien analytischen Methoden untersucht: Hoch- und Niederenergie Protonen Induzierter Röntgenemission (HE-/PIXE), Synchrotronstrahlungsinduzierte-Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (SY-RFA) und Mikro-Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (Mikro-RFA) mit einem mobilen Gerät. Aufgrund von Unterschieden in den Messbedingungen und dem Einfluss der Patina-Schichten auf diese ergaben sich nur für wenige Elemente Übereinstimmungen in den quantitativen Daten. Zur Validierung zukünftiger Messkampagnen mit verschiedenen Methoden sind daher Vergleichstudien unerlässlich. N2 - Investigations of physical properties and chemical composition of ancient materials generate important data for answering culture-historical questions that cannot be solved by art historical and archaeological methods alone. This contribution reports on the analysis of six Roman coins, with different degrees of corrosion layers in parts that were not handled or polished, using four non-destructive methods: low-energy particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE, 2 MeV), high-energy PIXE (68 MeV), μ-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry with a portable device and synchrotron-radiation induced XRF. Because of differences in the conditions needed for measurement and the influence of the layers of patina on these measurements, there were few elements where the quantitative data were in agreement. Thus comparative analyses are essential to validate future measurement projects using different methods. KW - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung KW - Protoneninduzierte Röntgenemission KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Particle-induced X-ray emission KW - X-ray fluorescence analysis PY - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-385702 SN - 978-3-9816751-5-3 VL - Berlin studies of the ancient world, Band 35 SP - 117 EP - 137 PB - Edition Topoi CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-38570 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merchel, S. A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Bourlès, D.L. A1 - Czeslik, U. A1 - Erzinger, J. A1 - Kummer, N.-A. A1 - Leanni, L. A1 - Merkel, B. A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Schaefer, U. T1 - Accuracy of 9Be-data and its influence on 10Be cosmogenic nuclide data N2 - A 9Be-solution has been chemically prepared from phenakite (Be2SiO4) mineral grains as commercial 9Be-solutions are too high in long-lived 10Be. The solution is intended to be used as a carrier for radiochemical separation of 10Be to be measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Thus, accurate data of the 9Be-concentration of this solution is essential to guarantee for high-accuracy 10Be data in the future. After devastating preliminary results (~8 % standard deviation), eight laboratories finally produced twelve individual results by four different analytical methods. A certain lab and method bias might be identified by sophisticated statistical evaluation. Some laboratories also (grossly) underestimate their uncertainties. Thus, the simple weighted mean of this round-robin exercise needed to be corrected by introducing additional allowances (Paule-Mandel-approach). The final result has been calculated to (2,246 ± 11) µg 9Be/(g solution) with a reasonably low weighted standard deviation of 0.49 %. The maximum deviation of a single lab value from the weighted mean is 2.4 % when removing one Grubbs outlier (11 % off from the mean) from the data set. As 10Be-data, which is usually calculated from measured 10Be/9Be by AMS and stable 9Be, cannot be more accurate than the determined 9Be-concentration, it seems highly advisable to establish or improve quality assurance by having self-made carrier-solutions analysed at more than a single lab and regularly taking part in round-robin exercises. KW - Cosmogenic nuclide KW - ICP-MS KW - ICP-OES KW - AAS KW - Round-robin KW - Accelerator mass spectrometry PY - 2013 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10967-013-2746-x/fulltext.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-013-2746-x SN - 0236-5731 SN - 1588-2780 SN - 1417-2097 SP - 1 EP - 8(?) PB - Elsevier Sequoia CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-29302 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merchel, S. A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Akhmadaliev, S. A1 - Arnold, M. A1 - Aumaître, G. A1 - Bourlès, D.L. A1 - Braucher, R. A1 - Caffee, M. A1 - Christl, M. A1 - Fifield, L.K. A1 - Finkel, R.C. A1 - Freeman, S.P.H.T. A1 - Ruiz-Gómez, A. A1 - Kubik, P.W. A1 - Martschini, M. A1 - Rood, D.H. A1 - Tims, S.G. A1 - Wallner, A. A1 - Wilcken, K. M. A1 - Xu, S. T1 - Quality assurance in accelerator mass spectrometry: results from an international round-robin exercise for 10Be N2 - The first international round-robin exercise for the measurement of the long-lived radionuclide 10Be has been conducted. Ten participating accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facilities have each measured three samples at the 10-12 to 10-14 10Be/9Be level. All results have been made traceable to the NIST SRM 4325 standard to avoid additional discrepancies that arise when different facilities use different calibration materials. Hence, the data concentrates on pure measurement distinctions. Multivariate statistical investigations have been performed to reveal a bias between facilities, i.e. two distinguished groups could be identified. Maximum discrepancies between two single facilities are in the range of 6–31% depending on the absolute 10Be/9Be value. These findings should be considered when comparing 10Be data produced at one AMS facility with that produced at another facility, which is e.g. often the case for in situ 10Be dating studies. Round-robin exercises are a very helpful tool as part of an overall quality assurance scheme to improve the accuracy, and not only the precision, of AMS data. KW - Accelerator mass spectrometry KW - Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN) KW - Cosmogenic nuclides (TCN) KW - Cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating KW - Calibration PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2012.07.038 SN - 0168-583X SN - 1872-9584 VL - 289 SP - 68 EP - 73 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-26772 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merchel, S. A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Alfimov, V. A1 - Arnold, M. A1 - Aumaître, G. A1 - Benedetti, L. A1 - Bourlès, D.L. A1 - Caffee, M. A1 - Fifield, L.K. A1 - Finkel, R.C. A1 - Freeman, S.P.H.T. A1 - Martschini, M. A1 - Matsushi, Y. A1 - Rood, D.H. A1 - Sasa, K. A1 - Steier, P. A1 - Takahashi, T. A1 - Tamari, M. A1 - Tims, S.G. A1 - Tosaki, Y. A1 - Wilken, K. M. A1 - Xu, S. T1 - Ultra-trace analysis of 36Cl by accelerator mass spectrometry: an interlaboratory study N2 - A first international 36Cl interlaboratory comparison has been initiated. Evaluation of the final results of the eight participating accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) laboratories on three synthetic AgCl samples with 36Cl/Cl ratios at the 10-11, 10-12, and 10-13 level shows no difference in the sense of simple statistical significance. However, more detailed statistical analyses demonstrate certain interlaboratory bias and underestimation of uncertainties by some laboratories. Following subsequent remeasurement and reanalysis of the data from some AMS facilities, the round-robin data indicate that 36Cl/Cl data from two individual AMS laboratories can differ by up to 17%. Thus, the demand for further work on harmonising the 36Cl-system on a worldwide scale and enlarging the improvement of measurements is obvious. KW - Accelerator mass spectrometry KW - Long-lived radionuclides KW - Cosmogenic nuclides KW - Exposure dating PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-4979-2 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 400 IS - 9 SP - 3125 EP - 3132 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-23676 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Denker, A. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Röhrs, S. A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Stege, H. T1 - Röntgenanalytik für Kunstwerke und Kulturgüter N2 - Naturwissenschaftler arbeiten mit Archäologen, Kunsthistorikern und Restauratoren zusammen, um Materialinformationen über Kunstwerke mit den Erkenntnissen aus Altertumsforschung, Kunstgeschichte und Denkmalpflege zu verbinden. Röntgenfluoreszenz und Röntgenemission sind die Methoden der Wahl, wenn wertvolle und fragile Objekte zerstörungsfrei zu untersuchen sind. KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF analysis KW - Drawings KW - Paintings KW - Ink KW - Art objects KW - Archaeometry KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (RFA) KW - Zeichnungen KW - Gemälde KW - Tinten KW - Kunstobjekte KW - Archäometrie PY - 2005 SN - 1439-9598 SN - 1521-3854 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 118 EP - 123 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-6898 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Ott, U. A1 - Herrmann, S. A1 - Spettel, B. A1 - Faestermann, T. A1 - Knie, K. A1 - Korschinek, G. A1 - Rugel, G. A1 - Wallner, A. T1 - Presolar nanodiamonds: Faster, cleaner, and limits on platinum-HL PY - 2003 SN - 0016-7037 SN - 1872-9533 VL - 67 IS - 24 SP - 4949 EP - 4960 PB - Elsevier Science CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-2845 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Denker, A. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Röhrs, S. A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Stege, H. T1 - Chemie der Kunst - Zerstörungsfreie Analyse von Kunst- und Kulturgütern N2 - Naturwissenschaftliche Informationen, insbesondere die chemische Zusammensetzung der Objekte, können Hinweise auf die Hintergründe der Objektherstellung liefern, die der alleinigen kunsthistorischen Begutachtung verborgen blieben. Es können nicht nur Fragen nach dem Prozess, Zeitpunkt und Ort der Herstellung beantwortet werden. Die chemische Analyse gibt auch Hinweise auf Ereignisse und Veränderungen, die erst nach der Fertigstellung des Objektes erfolgten. So werden Alterungsphänomene oder historische Überarbeitungen und Restaurierungen aufgedeckt, aber auch Konservierungsstrategien zur Erhaltung der Kunstwerke unterstützt. Durch den technologischen Fortschritt im Bereich der röntgenanalytischen Methoden, die berührungsfrei, ohne Probennahme und ohne Schädigung für das Untersuchungsobjekt arbeiten, erschließen sich dem Analytiker erstmalig Möglichkeiten, auch sehr wertvolle und fragile Objekte zerstörungsfrei zu untersuchen. PY - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2003-0003 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 45 IS - 11-12 SP - 485 EP - 503 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-2745 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -